Encoding query

Hi,
I want to write an app which allows someone to describe how to parse an incoming byte stream into a number of strings.
The user can describe the length of each string and how it's encoded. What I'm trying to figure out is - depending on the encoding, will the number of bytes vary for a particular string? For example, "Hello" will normally be 5 bytes but can it be encoded in such a way that involves more than 5 bytes?
Thanks for any help.

Surely the developer doesn't have to worry about this?
The description of InputStreamReader would seem to suggest that it takes care of converting non-unicode byte streams to unicode characters.
From http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/i18n/text/stream.html :
For example, to translate a text file in the UTF-8 encoding into Unicode, you create an InputStreamReader as follows:
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("test.txt");
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(fis, "UTF8");

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