Executing a shell command

Hi,
I'm new hier and have a short question. How do I execute a shell command from Java code?
Have a nice day and lot of fun
Yury

Search the forum. This is explained well in other threads

Similar Messages

How to execute a shell command?

What class and method should I use to set an environment variable on a local system? And how do I execute a shell command in Java?
Thanks!

I don't know about setting environment variables from java, but I do know how to execute system commands (and from there you could modify environment variables).
Use Runtime.getRuntime().exec()
There are quite a few pitfalls with using this though...
1. It's platform dependent
2. Doing this creates a Process. If this process has output, you need to read this, otherwise the output buffer will overflow, and that would be bad... Input is not so bad (either supplying it or not ;)
3. If you use Win for example, and want to do a "dir", there are complications, as there is no dir.exe file, and hence it can't be executed... Do a search for this topic, there's plenty on how to get around it.
Anyway, there's plenty more info on Runtime.getRuntime().exec(), have a look around.
Cheers,
Radish21

How to Execute Power Shell Command From Windows Application.

Hi All Experts,
I want to execute power shell commands from my windows application.
Is it possible ?
Please let me know your comments..
Thanks.

I have not tried this, but apprently it is easy as in the sample pasted below. please see this article for more details
http://geekswithblogs.net/Norgean/archive/2012/09/19/running-powershell-from-within-sharepoint.aspx.
Let me know how it goes...
public string RunPowershell(string powershellText, SPWeb web, string param1, string param2) {
// Powershell ~= RunspaceFactory - i.e. Create a powershell context
var runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace();
var resultString = new StringBuilder();
try
// load the SharePoint snapin - Note: you cannot do this in the script itself (i.e. add-pssnapin etc does not work)
PSSnapInException snapInError;
runspace.RunspaceConfiguration.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell", out snapInError);
runspace.Open();
// set a web variable.
runspace.SessionStateProxy.SetVariable("webContext", web);
// and some user defined parameters
runspace.SessionStateProxy.SetVariable("param1", param1);
runspace.SessionStateProxy.SetVariable("param2", param2);
var pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();
pipeline.Commands.AddScript(powershellText);
// add a "return" variable
pipeline.Commands.Add("Out-String");
// execute!
var results = pipeline.Invoke();
// convert the script result into a single string
foreach (PSObject obj in results)
resultString.AppendLine(obj.ToString());
finally
// close the runspace
runspace.Close();
// consider logging the result. Or something.
return resultString.ToString();
Ok. We've written some code. Let us test it.
var runner = new PowershellRunner();
runner.RunPowershellScript(@"
$web = Get-SPWeb 'http://server/web' # or $webContext
$web.Title = $param1
$web.Update()
$web.Dispose()
", null, "New title", "not used");
-Sangeetha

How to execute a shell command in java?

here, my environment is redhat 7, jdk 1.5.
i don't know how to use the shell command in java.
i want to use this function:
#include <stdlib.h>
int system(const char * string);
please give me some ideas. and Thank you so much if coming with a little demo.

i know i should use JNI. because i have to use C lib.
but i have already use JNI to wrapper the original code the cpp code and java code is :
//: appendixb:UseObjImpl.cpp
//# Tested with VC++ & BC++. Include path must
//# be adjusted to find the JNI headers. See
//# the makefile for this chapter (in the
//# downloadable source code) for an example.
#include <jni.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL
Java_UseObjects_changeObject(
JNIEnv* env, jobject, jobject obj) {
jclass cls = env->GetObjectClass(obj);
jfieldID fid = env->GetFieldID(
cls, "aValue", "I");
jmethodID mid = env->GetMethodID(
cls, "divByTwo", "()V");
int value = env->GetIntField(obj, fid);
printf("Native: %d\n", value);
env->SetIntField(obj, fid, 6);
env->CallVoidMethod(obj, mid);
value = env->GetIntField(obj, fid);
system("preprocess -path sha.c");
printf("Native: %d\n", value);
} ///:~
//: appendixb:UseObjects.java
// From 'Thinking in Java, 2nd ed.' by Bruce Eckel
// www.BruceEckel.com. See copyright notice in CopyRight.txt.
class MyJavaClass {
public int aValue;
public void divByTwo() { aValue /= 2; }
public class UseObjects {
private native void
changeObject(MyJavaClass obj);
static {
// System.loadLibrary("UseObjImpl");
// Linux hack, if you can't get your library
// path set in your environment:
System.load(
"/root/jproj/UseObjImpl.so");
public static void main(String[] args) {
UseObjects app = new UseObjects();
MyJavaClass anObj = new MyJavaClass();
anObj.aValue = 2;
app.changeObject(anObj);
System.out.println("Java: " + anObj.aValue);
} ///:~
i modify this two file which is from TIJ-2edition.
the output is
Native: 2
Native: 3
Java: 3
but what i want to be executed "preprocess -path sha.c" does not work.
i have change the command to, such as "df", "ls" etc. but none of them works
please help me.

IS there an easy way to execute a shell command and capture its output...

From an application? I am thinking of using fork and then waiting for the PID to finish and write the output to a file which I then read, but this seems clunky. Also there are big warnings about frameworks getting hosed if you use fork, although the "Forked" process will exec the shell command and the one that gets the PID the original process might be 'safe' from this framework corruption. I am not certain of this, it is just a guess.
If there was something like a process class where I could specify the executable and parameters, and read from it's std out until the process completed, that would be better. Or even get a callback when the process exited and an asynchronous callback for each line of data it produced.

That was just in response to OrangeKay implied accusation that I was some kind of hard-core Microsoft programmer that sneered at apple programmers.
You may want to book mark this, I will go over a brief history which should clear a lot of things up, about me, and about what I am doing.
Lets turn the clock back to 1998: I graduate from a university with a BS in Computer science. I had been interning at a local defense contractor writing missile testing software. This was on a proprietary hardware and so there was no "Microsoft" involved. At this point I think Bill Gates = Satan. Microsoft = Kingdom of Evil.
I get a job as a video game programmer. I write code from the Playstation, then the Playstation 2 and Gamecube. I do this for several years and again I have zero interest / knowledge of the Microsoft world beyond it being the OS which I am forced to use to play my games on. I had fought this by trying to use OS Warp and other things, but eventually since I mainly had a PC for games I had to get a windows OS, the first being NT 3.51 and then Win98 cause NT4.0 didn't support past directx 3 and everyone was using directX 5 or 6 (I do not remember).
As video game companies go, they do not last. Everyone wants to write video games, anyone with some cash wants to start a company. 1 in 1000 will make it 5 years. Needless to say, as our company began to tank, I got laid off, along with my entire team. I have cash in the bank, no big deal, right?
Well the economy started to suck, video game developers were closing down like crazy so the market was saturated with x-video game developers. 2 Years go by, no job, and almost no money. Then I get a call from some guy who wants me to come for an interview about 75 miles away. It is in a place I do not want to go. So they interview me, and ask me a bunch of general programming questions.
I leave the place, and by the time I get home there is a message on my machine asking me if I would take the job at a ridiculously high salary (I live in an area where the cost of living is very low). Well I am about out of money and its a job offer with a huge salary, so I take it.
I get there and guess what? I get to work on this "agent" that runs on windows boxes. I have NO IDEA how to program on windows. Windows is evil, why would I want to taint myself with this vile Microsoft APIs? I really have no choice, I have to learn how to develop on windows. I get to use visual studio 6, which I do not understand because I used the Borland compilers (Borland != Microsoft).
Well I start to slug through it all and get familiar with MSDN and CodeProject and CodeGuru. As the years pass, I begining applicate the examples and detailed documentation that MSDN has. I have a start page on MSDN which covers every category of operation which will take you through a tree of choices and lead you to the exact area related API calls you will need to use to do whatever you want. Now I do not think MS = Evil anymore. I switch to DevStudio 2005 which is really nice. The debugging, IDE, and everything is great.
Now the other half of this application resides on a server. That server is a Linux box, and the server app is written in Java. My stuff is still C++.
One day, I get a request, and a eMac with 10.4 PPC to make a Mac version. Now I am at the point of Mac programming as I was with Windows when I started. I didn't know anything about it. I was looking for CodeWarrior cause I used that in the past, but alas, CodeWarrior is no more. I get XCode. I see all sorts of options to make a project. BSD project, Carbon, Cocoa, etc... What the heck any of these. I can guess the BSD one is very basic, but I do not understand Carbon vs Cocoa.
So what do I do? I make a basic carbon app and make a basic Cocoa app. The carbon app looks like some kind of C++ framework. The Cocoa app? "Is this another language like Java or C#? It doesn't look like a C++ language."
Guess which choice I make. Carbon. I struggle through this looking at the docs, posting on CodeGuru and whatnot until someone finally tells me about these forums and warns me about how unfriendly people are. So I make an account and start asking questions. I eventually get my app to be multi-platform to run on windows and Mac by using some API abstractions which are easy to do since I had abstracted the Windows API by my own class wrappers.
I ask a lot of questions, very few are ever answered because I am not asking about simple things, like making windows and how to get button clicks and that stuff. I am asking stuff like, "How do you change the DNS? or How do I know when a user is about to log out?" Currently on my side list as I type this, I have 27 unresolved questions. I probably found workaround for most of them, or figured it out eventually.
On this forum mostly people are helpful when the do respond, except for OrangeKay. He definitely has a chip on his shoulder.
Over the past few years my Opinion of MS has improved greatly while my opinion of Macs (from the programmer's point of view) has dropped considerably. XCode still isn't as good as VS6 which is like 15 years old, never mind Dev studio 2005 or 2008. The documentation is scattered, not easy to find, occasionally wrong, or simply missing. The examples may not even compile or contain non-existent functions. It is unbelievable how bad it is.
If Steve Jobbs wants to really get a large coder population he ought to spend some of those billions (or is it trillions) of dollars on a team that will re-write the current documentation in a correct, easy to understand, with full examples, arranged in a logical manner for everyone to use. He should say, "See MSDN online? I want something like that, only better, it has to be MUCH better." Then he should say to the XCode team, "Look at DevStudio 2008. XCode should do EVERYTHING that does. Once that is done, IMPROVE XCode even more to make 2008 look like a joke."
To bad the Developer aspect of the "Apple Experience" has not gotten "End User" treatment. Then it would be a joy to develop on Macs.
So here I am asking for help on certain things. You wonder why I do not use Cocoa. Maybe I should, maybe I shouldn't. My first look didn't look promising, and a quick look at the docs is all about GUI's. My app has NO GUI. Again, Cocoa? Maybe it will still work, but the examples and stuff I see are all about GUIs.
When I get time, I will look at cocoa even further. MFC on windows is MOSTLY about GUI stuff, but there is a small section of it that does not deal with GUIs. CString is a great MFC class. I had to get rid of it though cause Mac's do not have a similar class. I use CStdString which is a platform agnostic CString replacement.
I hope you are all a little more enlightened. BTW my Application which runs on Mac's and PCs on no less then 3 MILLION Machines has not crashed ONCE in the past 2 years. There have been bugs, but nothing that crashed it. The bugs were mostly unforeseen situations, like what if the guy has 15 network adapters that are all LIVE? I didn't plan for that, there were complications, the server got some strange data, but it didn't crash (My app, not the server. It crashes on occasion still). Are there bugs in my code? I am sure there are, but I do not know of any, because if I did, it would be fixed.

PROBLEM in executing a shell command through Runtime.getRuntime().exec()

Hi all,
I was trying to execute the following code:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
* Created on Mar 13, 2007
* To change the template for this generated file go to
* Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments
* @author 195092
* To change the template for this generated type comment go to
* Window>Preferences>Java>Code Generation>Code and Comments
public class ClassReportDeleteDaemon {
     ClassReportDeleteDaemon()
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
          Connection conn = null;
          Statement stmt = null;
          ResultSet rs;
          String strQuery = null;
          String strdaysback = null;
          String delstring = null;
          int daysback;
          try
               System.out.println("REPORT DELETION ::: FINDING DRIVER");
               Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
          catch(Exception e)
               System.out.println("REPORT DELETION ::: DRIVER EXCEPTION--" + e.getMessage());
               System.out.println("REPORT DELETION ::: DRIVER NOT FOUND");
          try
               String strUrl = "jdbc:Oracle:thin:" + args[0] + "/" + args[1] + "@" + args[2];
               System.out.println("REPORT DELETION ::: TRYING FOR JDBC CONNECTION");
               conn = DriverManager.getConnection(strUrl);
               System.out.println("REPORT DELETION ::: SUCCESSFUL CONNECTION");
               while(true)
                    System.out.println("WHILE LOOP");
                    stmt = conn.createStatement();
                    strQuery = "SELECT REP_DAYS_OLD FROM T_REPORT_DEL";
                    rs = stmt.executeQuery(strQuery);
                    while(rs.next())
                         strdaysback = rs.getString("REP_DAYS_OLD");
                         //daysback = Integer.parseInt(strdaysback);
                    System.out.print("NO of Days===>" + strdaysback);
                    delstring = "find /tmp/reports1 -name " + "\"" + "*" + "\"" + " -mtime +" + strdaysback + " -print|xargs rm -r";
                    System.out.println("DELETE STRING===>" + delstring);
                    Process proc = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(delstring);
                    //Get error stream to display error messages encountered during execution of command
                    InputStream errStream=proc.getErrorStream();
                    //Get error stream to display output messages encountered during execution of command
                    InputStream inStream = proc.getInputStream();
                    InputStreamReader strReader = new InputStreamReader(errStream);
                    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(strReader);
                    String strLine = null;
                    while((strLine=br.readLine())!=null)
                         System.out.println(strLine);
               }     //end of while loop
          }     //end of try
          catch (Exception e)
               System.out.println("REPORT DELETION ::: EXCEPTION---" + e.getMessage());
               conn.close();
     }     //end of main
}     //end of ClassReportDeleteDaemon
But it is giving the error "BAD OPTION -print|xargs". The command run well in shell.
Please help.
Thanking u.......

Since the pipe '|' is interpreted by the shell then you need the shell to invoke your command
        String[] command = {"sh","-c","find /tmp/reports1 -name " + "\"" + "*" + "\"" + " -mtime +" + strdaysback + " -print|xargs rm -r"};
        final Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command);
You should also read http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-12-2000/jw-1229-traps.html at least twice and implement the recommendation regarding stdout and stderr.
P.S. Why are you not using Java to find and delete these files?
Message was edited by:
sabre150

Error while Executing Unix Shell Commands Using Runtime clas

I am trying to run the following code in java on unix machine to execute cat command.
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
          try {
               System.out.println("before catexecute");
               Process process = runtime.exec("cat /export/home/shankerr/local.profile > /export/home/shankerr/local1.txt");
               try {
                    if (process.waitFor() != 0) {
                    System.err.println("exit value = " +
                              process.exitValue());
                    catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    System.err.println(e);
But i get the following error on the console
exit value = 2
cat: cannot open >
cat: cannot open /export/home/shankerr/local1.txt
The same command if i run on unix console directly it creates a new file and copies the content into the new file local1.txt
kindly help me on the same

The redirection operator > along with stuff like pipe | history !$ etc. is interpreted by the shell, not by the cat program.
When you do cat X > Ycat only sees the X. The rest is interpreted by the shell to redirect the cat program's stdout.
However, when you Runtime.exec(), you don't have the shell, so cat sees X > Y as its arguments, and interprets them all as file names. Since there's no file named > you get the error.
The solution is to first man cat on your system and see if it happens to have a -o or somesuch operator that lets it (rather than the shell) send its output to a file. If not, then you need to invoke a shell, and pass it cat and all of cat's args as the command to execute.
Read the man pages for you shell of choice, but for bash, I believe you'd give Runtime.exec() something like /bin/bash -c 'cat X > Y'

Executing a shell command within vi using aliases

The behavior of the ksh ENV environment variable has been changed in Solaris 10 and I assume it is related to the reason why I can no longer use aliases when using the "bang" (!) command execution in vi. For a very simple example, if ll were an alias for ls -lFbo entering this in vi:
:!llwould produce the expected "ls -l" listing of the current directory in previous Solaris versions. Why does this not work in Solaris 10 and is there an alternate way to accomplish the same thing?

I don't know exactly but the code written below is working fine try the same with your code .Even with your code instead running the code with
" ./<filename> ",if you execute it with "sh <filename>" command without changing the mode of the file it is executing properly.
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class ScriptBuilder
public ScriptBuilder()
public void writeScript() throws java.io.IOException
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(new File("test_script"));
writer.write("#! /bin/sh\n");
writer.write("ll>/home/faiyaz/javaprac/checkll");
writer.flush();
writer.close();
Runtime rt= Runtime.getRuntime();
rt.exec("chmod 777 test_script");
rt.exec("./test_script");
} public static void main (String[] args)throws java.io.IOException
ScriptBuilder sb = new ScriptBuilder();
sb.writeScript();
}

Execute Shell command in Panel SDK Mac

Hi,
I´d like to execute the following task with a Panel:
• render the active sequence
• when finished send the output video file to another application using Apple Script
The Panel SDK Examples are a great start. So the missing part is, how can I send a shell command that executes an AppleScript?
In the ExtendScript Toolkit I found a function that looks promising. But executing this script only pops up an alert window saying "failed". Here´s the code:
var test = UIAutomationSupport.helper.executeConsoleCommand("ls -l");
alert(test);
So does Premiere has an equivalent function like system.callSystem() in After Effects?
Thanks,
Thomas

Bruce, thanks for your support!
For those who are interested what bbb_999 refers to, here is how you can execute a shell command (in the example I use "osascript" to launch an AppleScript file):
In your html file you simply write these simple lines of code
<script type="text/javascript">
    function executeShellCommand(){
          var result = window.cep.process.createProcess('/usr/bin/osascript','/Users/myUserName/Desktop/test.scp t');
          alert(result.data+" "+result.err);
</script>
The first argument of createProcess() is the path to the shell tool.
That´s all. Hope this helps others.
Thomas

Execute shell command from within pascal code

Hello there,
I am trying to execute a shell command from within my pascal code. I use XCode together with FreePascal. I have tried something like:
exec ('program', 'options');
adding the 'Dos' unit to the Uses clause of my program.
Thus, e.g.,
exec ('mkdir', '/A')
to create a directory with the name 'A'.
However, my attempts so far were unsuccessful. Can anyone help me on this, and perhaps provide a simple example of how to do it right?
Thank you in advance,
Shane

In the mean time, I found the problem myself. I am just posting the solution here for anyone that is interested. My original solution was correct, in that the 'Dos' Unit must be added, and that the right command is 'exec'. There was however a problem with the correct path to the program that I wanted to invoke. In the shell, this program was accessible from anywhere. However, in the 'exec' command, the full path to the program must be given. Since I am not a Unix expert, I don't know the reason for this.
So, in summary, the solution is:
Uses Dos;
begin
exec ('full path to program', 'program options');
e.g.: exec ('/bin/sh', '/run.sh') to process the commands in the file /run.sh
end
Hope this may be of help to anyone else.
Shane
Mac OS X (10.3.9)
Mac OS X (10.3.9)
Mac OS X (10.3.9)

Executing shell command

hi
i waould like to know if any one can tell me how to execute a shell command or call an from within a class file.
i am required to write a program which creates a servlet file internally everytime it is run.
i want to know how to execute the shell command in java so that i can compile that file after creating the file from within the class file and not leave it to the user to do it.

Runtime.getRuntime().exec("<your_command>");

Java interactive Shell command Execution

Hello,
I wish to execute a shell command with password from a java program. I want to issue the first command "serctl add 2000 password email" and then when prompted for a MySQL password, enter it.
Below is my current code. I think it is going into an infinite loop. When I comment out the "while ((s = in.readLine()) != null){" portion of the code, I dont get an infinite loop but then i dont know how to enter the password.
Can someone please please help me as im really stuck on this?
BR,
Aisling.
String[] command = { "serctl", "add", 2000, password, email};
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
   Process process = null;
   response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE);
   PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
   String s = null;
   try {
     process = runtime.exec(command);
     System.out.println(process);
     BufferedReader in =
     new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
     BufferedReader error = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
     OutputStream stdout = process.getOutputStream();
     String pwd ="password";
/*   while((s=in.readLine())!=null)
       s = in.readLine();
       System.out.println(s);
       stdout.write(pwd.getBytes());
       stdout.flush();
     System.out.println("Here is the standard error of the command(if any):\n");
     while ((s = error.readLine()) != null){
       System.out.println(s);
     stdout.close();
     in.close();
     error.close();

Thats great and I think that should have worked...However its still hanging and evidently going into some kind of loop....very strange.
If I execute the command in a shell its as follows:
localhost: ~# serctl add 2000 password email
MySql password: password
My new code is below:
String[] command = { "serctl", "add", username, password, email};
   Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
   Process process = null;
   response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE);
   PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
   String s = null;
   try {
     process = runtime.exec(command);
     System.out.println(process);
     BufferedReader in =
     new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
     BufferedReader error = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
     OutputStream stdout = process.getOutputStream();
     String pwd ="password";
     while((s=in.readLine())!=null)
       //s = in.readLine();
       System.out.println(s);
       if (s.equals("MySql password:")) {
         stdout.write(pwd.getBytes());
         stdout.flush();
         break;
     System.out.println("Here is the standard error of the command(if any):\n");
     while ((s = error.readLine()) != null){
       System.out.println(s);
     stdout.close();
     in.close();
     error.close();Any more ideas?
Many thanks for help so far,
Aisling.

ProcessBuilder Shell Command Output

When using ProcessBuilder to execute a shell command, certain output seems to be suppressed, for instance:
ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("ls", "*.java");
Process ps = pb.start();
Scanner in = new Scanner(ps.getInputStream());
while(in.hasNextLine())
System.out.println(in.nextLine()); // produces no outputFor some reason, this produces no output, even if there are java files in the current directory. If I remove the argument "*.java", then I will get output such as:
Main.java
Main.class
Other.java
Other.class
Any idea why I don't get output from filtering my list?

However, executing sh -c ls *.java doesn't actually filter the listingsThat's not correct.
so everything is outputted whether it matches the pattern or not.Nor that.
I suppose I can handle the it though, somehow else.It should work as expected. If it doesn't you have done it wrong.

Execute a shell line

Hi,
I'm working for a while now over a class that would execute whatever shell command sent. In order to execute a bat in a network folder, I need to use the pushd/popd trick. The problem is that it works when I execute it manually but it doesn't when I execute it over Java.
Here is the Shell line:
pushd \\computer\folder1\folder2 && temp.bat && popdHere is how I call my Shell from Java:
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command.toString());Why does it works manually but not using Java? I've double check all the user access and everything is OK.
Anyone ever pass by that problem?
Thanks in advance,

Hi all,
You were right ijp, no need for the pushd/popd workaround. Now, everything seems to work except for the ".exe" called from a ".bat". If I don't add the "/B" to this call START /B myexecutable.exe it doesn't stop reading the buffer even if the executable stopped running.
Do I always have to put the "/B" parameter?
Thanks a lot for the help!
Mickaël Jalbert

Executing shell commands from Java.

I want to execute shell commands in Java using the Runtime.exec( String ) method.
The method works fine under Linux OS, but under Windows '98 the method didn't work at all!
For example the following call: Runtime.exec( "dir" ) throws an exception showing that the command was not completed. If I replace dir with ls under Linux all is good. What is the problem with the Microsoft Windows '98 ? Is there any solution at my problem ?!
thx in advance!

hey JSarmis,
You can help me... "ls" doesn't work for me on linux.. using Runtime.exec, some commands work, others don't... you may hold the key to what i need? How did u get "ls" to work?

Executing a shell command

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