Hi guru's what is the upgradation in abap

1) what is upgradation in abap.please explain me.
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Edited by: Rob Burbank on May 15, 2009 11:38 AM

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  • Hi guru's what is the difference between table and temlate in smartforms

    hi guru's what is the difference between table and temlate in smartforms

    Hi Vasu,
    Template is used for proper allignment of data which table is used for displaying multiple data.
    We can say Template is for static data and Table is for dynamic data.
    Suppose we have a requirement in which we have to allign the customer address in such a way as shown below:-
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    The header secntion will be executed once and it will loop at the item level. at the end footer will be executed.
    Hope this gives u some idea..
    <b>Please reward if useful</b>
    Regards,
    sunil kairam.

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    Thanks Sri

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  • Hi guru's what are the function modules are used in ALV

    hi guru's what are the function modules are used in ALV

    Hi vasu,
    There are some function modules which will enable to produce the  reports without much effort.
    All the definitions of internal tables, structures and constants are declared in a type-pool called SLIS.
    1. SIMPLE REPORT.
    The important function modules are
    a. Reuse_alv_list_display
    b. Reuse_alv_fieldcatalog_merge
    c. Reuse_alv_events_get
    d. Reuse_alv_commentary_write
    e. Reuse_alv_grid_display
    A. REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY : This is the function module which prints the data.
    The important parameters are :
    I. Export :
    i. I_callback_program : report id
    ii. I_callback_pf_status_set : routine where a user can set his own pf status or change the functionality of the existing pf status
    iii. I_callback_user_command : routine where the function codes are handled
    iv. I_structure name : name of the dictionary table
    v. Is_layout : structure to set the layout of the report
    vi. It_fieldcat : internal table with the list of all fields and their attributes which are to be printed (this table can be populated automatically by the function module REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE
    vii. It_events : internal table with a list of all possible events of ALV and their corresponding form names.
    II. Tables :
    i. t_outtab : internal table with the data to be output
    B. REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE : This function module is used to populate a fieldcatalog which is essential to display the data in ALV. If the output data is from a single dictionary table and all the columns are selected, then we need not exclusively create the field catalog. Its enough to mention the table name as a parameter(I_structure name) in the REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY. But in other cases we need to create it.
    The Important Parameters are :
    I. Export :
    i. I_program_name : report id
    ii. I_internal_tabname : the internal output table
    iii. I_inclname : include or the report name where all the dynamic forms are handled.
    II Changing
    ct_fieldcat : an internal table with the type SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV which is
    declared in the type pool SLIS.
    C. REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET : Returns table of possible events for a list type
    Parameters :
    I. Import :
    Et_Events : The event table is returned with all possible CALLBACK events
    for the specified list type (column 'NAME'). For events to be processed by Callback, their 'FORM' field must be filled. If the field is initialized, the event is ignored. The entry can be read from the event table, the field 'FORM' filled and the entry modified using constants from the type pool SALV.
    II. Export :
    I_List_type :
    0 = simple list REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
    1 = hierarchcal-sequential list REUSE_ALV_HIERSEQ_LIST_DISPLAY
    2 = simple block list REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND
    3 = hierarchical-sequential block list
    REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_HS_APPEND
    D. REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE : This is used in the Top-of-page event to print the headings and other comments for the list.
    Parameters :
    I. it_list_commentary : internal table with the headings of the type slis_t_listheader.
    This internal table has three fields :
    Typ : ‘H’ – header, ‘S’ – selection , ‘A’ - action
    Key : only when typ is ‘S’.
    Info : the text to be printed
    E. REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY : A new function in 4.6 version, to display the results in grid rather than as a preview.
    Parameters : same as reuse_alv_list_display
    This is an example for simple list.
    2. BLOCK REPORT
    This is used to have multiple lists continuously.
    The important functions used in this report are:
    A. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_INIT
    B. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND
    C. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_HS_APPEND
    D. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_DISPLAY
    A. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_INIT
    Parameters:
    I. I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM
    II. I_CALLBACK_PF_STATUS_SET
    III. I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND
    This function module is used to set the default gui status etc.
    B. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND
    Parameters :
    Export :
    I. is_layout : layout settings for block
    II. it_fieldcat : field catalog
    III. i_tabname : internal table name with output data
    IV. it_events : internal table with all possible events
    Tables :
    i. t_outtab : internal table with output data.
    This function module adds the data to the block.
    Repeat this function for all the different blocks to be displayed one after the other.
    C. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_HS_APPEND
    This function module is used for hierarchical sequential blocks.
    D. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_DISPLAY
    Parameters : All the parameters are optional.
    This function module display the list with data appended by the above function.
    Here the functions REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE, REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET, REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE can be used.
    3. Hierarchical reports :
    Hierarchical sequential list output.
    The function module is
    A. REUSE_ALV_HIERSEQ_LIST_DISPLAY
    Parameters:
    I. Export:
    i. I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM
    ii. I_CALLBACK_PF_STATUS_SET
    iii. I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND
    iv. IS_LAYOUT
    v. IT_FIELDCAT
    vi. IT_EVENTS
    vii. i_tabname_header : Name of the internal table in the program containing the
    output data of the highest hierarchy level.
    viii. i_tabname_item : Name of the internal table in the program containing the
    output data of the lowest hierarchy level.
    ix. is_keyinfo : This structure contains the header and item table field
    names which link the two tables (shared key).
    II. Tables
    i. t_outtab_header : Header table with data to be output
    ii. t_outtab_item : Name of the internal table in the program containing the
    output data of the lowest hierarchy level.
    slis_t_fieldcat_alv : This internal table contains the field attributes. This internal table can be populated automatically by using ‘REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE’.
    Important Attributes :
    A. col_pos : position of the column
    B. fieldname : internal fieldname
    C. tabname : internal table name
    D. ref_fieldname : fieldname (dictionary)
    E. ref_tabname : table (dictionary)
    F. key(1) : column with key-color
    G. icon(1) : icon
    H. symbol(1) : symbol
    I. checkbox(1) : checkbox
    J. just(1) : (R)ight (L)eft (C)ent.
    K. do_sum(1) : sum up
    L. no_out(1) : (O)blig.(X)no out
    M. outputlen : output length
    N. seltext_l : long key word
    O. seltext_m : middle key word
    P. seltext_s : short key word
    Q. reptext_ddic : heading (ddic)
    R. ddictxt(1) : (S)hort (M)iddle (L)ong
    S. datatype : datatype
    T. hotspot(1) : hotspot
    some theory regarding alv:
    This table tells ALV which events are processed by the caller by CALLBACK.
    The table of possible events per list type can be initialized using the module REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET.
    You can display the names of the constants in the type pools SLIS which represent the individual events using the individual test function in the function module
    REUSE_ALV_EVENT_NAMES_GET. Only events with a form routine name are processed.
    The table structure contains the fields:
    • IT_EVENTS-NAME
    Name of the Callback event.
    Possible Callback events:
    • Action
    USER_COMMAND USING R_UCOMM LIKE SY-UCOMM RS_SELFIELD TYPE SLIS_SELFIELD
    Process actions on the list
    As this is a frequently-used Callback event, the form routine can also be passed directly in the interface in the IMPORTING parameter I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND.
    PF_STATUS_SET USING RT_EXTAB TYPE SLIS_T_EXTAB
    If a user list status is to be set, it must be done in the form routine assigned to this event. The ALV function codes, which must not be active, are in the Parameter RT_EXTAB. This table must be passed with the SET PF-STATUS command (with inactive user function codes as well, if necessary).
    The STANDARD status of the function group SALV should be used as a template for a user-specific status.
    As this is a frequently-used Callback event, its form routine can also be passed directly in the interface in the IMPORTING parameter I_CALLBACK_PF_STATUS_SET.
    ITEM_DATA_EXPAND USING RS_SELFIELD TYPE SLIS_SELFIELD RFLG_ALL TYPE C
    Only relevant for hierarchical-sequential lists using the layout parameter IS_LAYOUT-EXPAND_FIELDNAME of the structure IS_LAYOUT.
    Exit for passing item entries (ITEM table) for a header record which was expanded interactively by the user.
    RS_SELFIELD-TABINDEX contains the header table index for which the item entries are to be put in the global item output table (T_OUTTAB_SLAVE). The Callback is only called if ALV has no items for a header which is to be expanded.
    RFLG_ALL is passed with 'X' if the user shows all items. The application must ensure that entries are not repeated in the item table. RS_SELFIELD is initial in this case.
    CALLER_EXIT USING RS_DATA Is called at the beginning of the function module to make special settings. It is not usually used.
    • List processing events
    IMPORTANT: The application Callback routine must not manipulate the internal output table and/or its header record. This restriction applies to all Callbacks which are called in the list output and run under the 'List processing events'.
    TOP_OF_LIST no USING parameter. Information output at the start of the list
    END_OF_LIST no USING parameter. Information output at the end of the list
    TOP_OF_PAGE no USING parameter
    Equivalent to the list processing TOP-OF-PAGE event
    END_OF_PAGE no USING parameter. Not available for hierarchical-sequential lists.
    Information output at the end of a page. This is only called for printing.
    TOP_OF_COVERPAGE no USING parameter
    The selection information and list status are output together (if they exist) on a separate page by default. See also the documentation of the parameters:
    IS_PRINT-NO_COVERPAGE
    IS_PRINT-NO_PRINT_SELINFOS
    IS_PRINT-NO_PRINT_LISTINFOS
    IS_LAYOUT-GET_SELINFOS
    The user can format the header area of the 'cover page' himself or herself by specifying a Callback routine for this event.
    END_OF_COVERPAGE no USING parameter
    Analogously to TOP_OF_COVERPAGE the user can add other information to the information output by ALV (selection information, list status) at this event.
    FOREIGN_TOP_OF_PAGE no USING parameter
    The Top-of-page event is always processed in ALV and is only passed to the caller via the Callback mechanism. This is still the case if the caller, e.g. by a user action, processes a branch list which was not formatted by ALV (e.g. a popup with additional information about the list record selected and displayed by ALV).
    In this case, top-of-page cannot be formatted by ALV analogously to the basic list, it must be handled completely by the caller. The event top-of-page still occurs in ALV. When ALV notices a top-of-page which was not caused by an ALV output, the form routine in FOREIGN_TOP_OF_PAGE is called.
    FOREIGN_END_OF_PAGE no USING parameter
    The event end-of-page is always processed in ALV and only passed to the caller via callback. This is still the case, e.g. when the caller processes a details list which was not formatted by ALV (e.g. a popup with further information about selected list records which were displayed by ALV).
    In this case, end-of-page cannot be formatted by ALV analogously to the basic list, it must be handled completely by the caller. The event end-of-page still occurs in ALV. When ALV notices an end-of-page that was not caused by an ALV output, the form routine in FOREIGN_END_OF_PAGE is called.
    BEFORE_LINE_OUTPUT USING RS_LINEINFO TYPE SLIS_LINEINFO
    Output information before each output line. Should only be used in justified cases because it costs a lot of performance.
    AFTER_LINE_OUTPUT USING RS_LINEINFO TYPE SLIS_LINEINFO
    Output information after each output line. Should only be used in justified cases because it costs a lot of performance.
    • Internal use only
    LIST_MODIFY USING R_TABNAME TYPE SLIS_TABNAME
    R_INDEX LIKE SY-TABIX
    R_INDEX_ITEM LIKE SY-TABIX
    R_INDEX_SUM LIKE SY-TABIX
    • IT_EVENTS-FORM
    Name of the form routine which should be called in the calling program at the event.
    Field_catalog:
    Field catalog with field descriptions
    2.7.1. Description
    Field catalog containing descriptions of the list output fields (usually a subset of the internal output table fields). A field catalog is required for every ALV list output.
    The field catalog for the output table is built-up in the caller's coding. The build-up can be completely or partially automated by calling the REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE module
    See also the documentation of the function module REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE.
    The minimal field catalog is documented under 'default'. The caller can use the other optional parameters to assign output attributes to a field which differ from the default.
    A field catalog need not be built-up and passed explicitly only under the following conditions:
    • The internal table to be output has the same structure as a Data Dictionary structure which is referred to in the internal table declaration using LIKE or INCLUDE STRUCTURE.
    • all fields in this structure are to be output
    • the structure name is passed to ALV in the parameter I_STRUCTURE_NAME.
    See also the documentation of the IMPORTING paramter I_STRUCTURE_NAME.
    Positioning
    • row_pos (row position)
    value set: 0, 1 - 3
    Only relevant if the list output is to be multi-line (two or three lines) by default.
    A multi-line list can also be defined by the user interactively if the default list is one-line.
    The parameter specifies the relative output line of the column in a multi-line list.
    • col_pos (column position)
    value set: 0, 1 - 60
    only relevant when the default relative column positions differ from the field catalog field sequence. The parameter specifies the relative column position of the field in the list output. The column order can be changed interactively by the user. If this parameter is initial for all field catalog entries, columns appear in the field catalog field sequence.
    Identification
    • fieldname (field name)
    value set: internal output table field name (required parameter)
    Name of the internal output table field which is described by this field catalog entry
    • tabname (internal output table)
    value set: SPACE, internal output table name
    This parameter is used in 'manual' field catalog build-up only for hierarchical-sequential lists.
    Name of the internal output table which contains the field FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME.
    Data Dictionary reference
    • ref_fieldname (reference field name)
    value set: SPACE, Data Dictionary field name
    Name of the Data Dictionary field referred to.
    This parameter is only used when the internal output table field described by the current field catalog entry has a reference to the Data Dictionary (not a program field), and the field name in the internal output table is different from the name of the field in the Data Dictionary. If the field names are identical, naming the Data Dictionary structure or table in the FIELDCAT-REF_TABNAME parameter is sufficient.
    • ref_tabname (reference table/structure field name)
    value set: SPACE, name of a Data Dictionary structure or table
    Structure or table name of the referred Data Dictionary field.
    This parameter is only used when the internal output table field described by the current field catalog entry has a Data Dictionary reference (not a program field).
    Reference to fields with currency/measurement unit
    Each internal output table sum or quantity field whose decimal places are to be formatted appropriately for the unit in the list must follow the convention:
    • the field is of data type QUAN or CURR (internal type P) (the field must really have this physical data type. Overwriting the physical data type with the parameter FIELDCAT-DATATYPE has no effect)
    • There is a field in the internal output table which contains the associated unit.
    • There is also an entry in the field catalog for the unit field.
    (If the unit is not to appear as a column in the list, and cannot be interactively displayed as a column, e.g. because it is always unambiguous and is therefore explicitly output by the caller in the list header, the field catalog units field entry can take the parameter FIELDCAT-TECH = 'X'.
    The association of a value field to a unit affects the output as follows:
    • appropriate decimal places display for the unit
    • an initialized field with a link to a non-initial unit is output as '0' for the unit (if FIELDCAT-NO_ZERO is initial). When this field is summed, this unit affects whether the units are homogeneous.
    • an initialized field with a link to an initial unit is output as SPACE. When this field is summed, the unit SPACE does not affect the homogeneity of the units.
    • When non-initial fields with an initial unit are summed, the unit SPACE is considered to be a unit.
    Link to currency unit
    • cfieldname (currency unit field name)
    value set: SPACE, output table field name
    Only relevant for amount columns with associated unit.
    Name of the internal output table field containing the currency unit associated with the amount field FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME. The field in FIELDCAT-CFIELDNAME must have its own field catalog entry.
    • ctabname (internal currency unit field output table)
    value set: SPACE, output table field name
    only relevant for hierarchical-sequential lists
    Name of the internal output table containing the FIELDCAT-CFIELDNAME field.
    Link to measurement unit
    • qfieldname (measurement unit field name)
    value set: SPACE, output table field name
    only relevant for quantity columns with unit link.
    Name of the internal output table field containing the measurement unit associated with the quantity field FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME.
    The field in FIELDCAT-QFIELDNAME must have its own field catalog entry.
    • qtabname (internal measurement unit field output table)
    value set: SPACE, output table field name
    only relevant for hierarchical-sequential lists
    Name of the internal output table containing the FIELDCAT-QFIELDNAME field.
    Column output options
    • outputlen (column width)
    value set: 0 (initial), n
    For fields with a Data Dictionary link this parameter can be left initial.
    For fields without a Data Dictionary link (program field) the parameter must be given the value of the desired field list output length (column width).
    initial = column width is the output length of the referred Data Dictionary field (domain).
    n = column width is n characters
    • key (key column)
    value set: SPACE, 'X' 'X' = kex field (key field output in color)
    Key fields can not be interactively hidden. Parameter FIELDCAT-NO_OUT must be left initial.
    For exceptions see the documentation of the FIELDCAT-KEY_SEL parameter.
    • key_sel (hideable key column)
    value set: SPACE, 'X'
    only relevant when FIELDCAT-KEY = 'X'
    Key field which can be hidden interactively.
    The key column sequence cannot be changed interactively by the user.
    The output is controlled by the FIELDCAT-NO_OUT parameter analogously to non-key fields.
    • no_out (field in field list)
    value set: SPACE, 'X' 'X' = field is not displayed in the current list.
    The user can interactively choose the field for output from the field list.
    The user can display the contents of these fields at line level using the 'Detail' function.
    See also the 'Detail screen' documentation of the parameter IS_LAYOUT.
    • tech (technical field)
    value set: SPACE, 'X' 'X' = technical field
    Field cannot be output in the list and cannot be displayed interactively.
    Field can only be used in the field catalog (not in IT_SORT, ...).
    • emphasize (highlight columns in color)
    value set: SPACE, 'X' or 'Cxyz' (x:'1'-'9'; y,z: '0'=off '1'=on)
    'X' = column is colored with the default column highlight color.
    'Cxyz' = column is colored with a coded color:
    • C: Color (coding must begin with C)
    • x: color number
    • y: bold
    • z: inverse
    • hotspot (column as hotspot)
    value set: SPACE, 'X'
    'X' = column cells are output as hotspots
    • fix_column (fix column)
    value set: SPACE, 'X'
    Not relevant for block lists (output of several lists consecutively)
    'X' = column fixed (does not scroll horizontally)
    All columns to be fixed must have this flag, starting from the left. If a column without this flag is output, only the columns to the left of this column are fixed. The user can change the column fixing interactively. See also the documentation of the Layout parameter
    IS_LAYOUT-NO_KEYFIX of the IMPORTING paramter IS_LAYOUT.
    • do_sum (sum over column)
    value set: SPACE, 'X' 'X' = a sum is to be calculated over this internal output table field.
    This function can also be called by the user interactively.
    • no_sum (sums forbidden)
    value set: SPACE, 'X' 'X' = no sum can be calculated over this field, although the data type of the field would allow summing.
    • input (column ready for input)
    Function not available
    Format column contents
    • icon
    value set: SPACE, 'X' 'X' = column contents to be output as an icon.
    The caller must consider the printability of icons.
    • symbol
    value set: SPACE, 'X' 'X' = column contents are to be output as a symbol.
    The internal output table column must be a valid symbol character.
    The caller must consider the printability of symbols.
    Symbols can usually be printed, but may not always be output correctly, depending on the printer configuration.
    • just (justification)
    value set: SPACE, 'R', 'L', 'C'
    Only relevant for fields of data type CHAR or NUMC
    ' ' = default justification for this data type
    'R' = right-justified output
    'L' = left-justified output
    'C' = centered output
    The justification of the column header always follows the justification of the columns. Independent justification of the column neader is not possible.
    • lzero (leading zeros)
    value set: SPACE, 'X'
    Only relevant for fields of data type NUMC
    ALV outputs NUMC fields right-justified without leading zeros by default.
    'X' = output with leading zeros
    Note: If a NUMC field is output left-justified or centered by FIELDCAT-JUST, leading zeros are output. If the output of leading zeros is suppressed by a Data Dictionary reference ALPHA conversion exit, the output is always left-justified.
    • no_sign (no +/- sign) Only relevant for value fields
    value set: SPACE, 'X' 'X' = value output without +/ sign
    • no_zero (suppress zeros) Only relevant for value fields
    value set: SPACE, 'X' 'X' = suppress zeros
    • edit_mask (field formatting)
    value set: SPACE, template
    template = see documentation of WRITE formatting option USING EDIT MASK template
    The output conversion conv can be made by template = '== conv'.
    Texts
    The following text parameters should be specified for program fields without a Data Dictionary reference. The texts are taken from the Data Dictionary for fields with a Data Dictionary reference. If this is not desired, the text parameters can also be specified. The Data Dictionary texts are then ignored. If the user changes the column width interactively, the column header text with the appropriate length is always used. The interactive function 'Optimize column width' takes account of both the field contents and the column headers: if all field contents are shorter than the shortest column header, the column width depends on the column header.
    The 'long field label' is also used in display variant definition, sort, etc. popups.
    • seltext_l (long field label)
    • seltext_m (medium field label)
    • seltext_s (short field label)
    • reptext_ddic (header)
    analogous to the Data element maintenance 'Header'
    The specified text is not necessarily output in the list, an optimum among all texts is sought.
    • ddictxt (specify text)
    value set: SPACE, 'L', 'M', 'S'
    You can specify with values 'L', 'M', and 'S', the keyword that should always be used as column header. If the column width changes, no attempt is made in this case to find an appropriate header for the new output width.
    Parameters for program fields without Data Dictionary reference
    see also 'Text' parameters
    • datatype (data type)
    value set: SPACE, Data Dictionary data type (CHAR, NUMC,...)
    Only relevant for fields without Data Dictionary reference
    Program field data type
    • ddic_outputlen (external output length)
    value set: 0 (initial), n
    Only relevant for fields without Data Dictionary reference whose output is nevertheless to be modified by a conversion exit.
    Prerequisites:
    • FIELDCAT-EDIT_MASK = '==conv'
    see also the documentation of the parameter FIELDCAT-EDIT_MASK
    • FIELDCAT-INTLEN = n
    see also the documentation of the parameter FIELDCAT-INTLEN
    n = external format field output length
    The column width FIELDCAT-OUTPUTLEN need not be the same as the external format output length (FIELDCAT-DDIC_OUTPUTLEN).
    • intlen (internal output length)
    value set: 0 (initial), n
    Only relevant for fields without Data Dictionary reference whose output is nevertheless to be modified by a conversion exit.
    Prerequisites:
    • FIELDCAT-EDIT_MASK = '==conv'
    see also the documentation of the parameter FIELDCAT-EDIT_MASK
    • FIELDCAT-DDIC_OUTPUTLEN = n
    see also the documentation of the parameter FIELDCAT-DDIC_OUTPUTLEN
    n = internal format field output length
    • rollname (data element)
    value set: SPACE, Data Dictionary data element name
    F1 help can be provided for a program field without a Data Dictionary reference, or F1 help which differs from the Data Dictionary help can be provided for a field with a Data Dictionary reference, using this parameter.
    When F1 help is called for this field, the documentation of the specified data element is displayed.
    If the FIELDCAT-ROLLNAME is initial for fields with a Data Dictionary reference, the documentation of the data element of the referred Data Dictionary field is output.
    Others
    • sp_group (field group key)
    value set: SPACE, CHAR(1)
    Field group key.
    Keys are assigned to group names in the IT_SPECIAL_GROUPS parameter (see also the documentation of the parameter IT_SPECIAL_GROUPS).
    When such an assignment is made in the field catalog and in IT_SPECIAL_GROUPS, the fields are grouped correspondingly in the display variant popup.
    • reprep (Report/Report interface selection criterion)
    value set: SPACE, 'X'
    Prerequisites:
    • The system contains the Report/Report interface (function group RSTI, table TRSTI)
    • Parameter LAYOUT-REPREP = 'X'
    (see also the documentation of the parameter LAYOUT-REPREP of the IMPORTING parameter IS_LAYOUT )
    'X' = When the Report/Report interface is called, the value of this field is passed in the selected interface start record as a selection criterion.
    2.7.2. Default
    • The following entries are usually sufficient for internal table fields with a reference to a field defined in the Data Dictionary :
    • fieldname
    • ref_tabname
    Notes:
    ALV gets the remaining information from the Data Dictionary.
    If no relative column position (COL_POS) is specified, the fields are output in the list in the order in which they were added to the field catalog.
    REF_FIELDNAME need only be specifid when the name of the internal table field differs from the name of the referred Data Dictionary field.
    Information which is explicitly entered in the field catalog is not overwritten by information from the Data Dictionary.
    Priority rule:
    Entries in the field catalog have priority over differing entries in the Data Dictionary.
    • The following entries are usually sufficient for internal table fields without a reference to the Data Dictionary (program fields):
    • fieldname
    • outputlen
    • datatype
    • seltext_s
    • seltext_m
    • seltext_l
    Notes:
    F1 help can be provided for program fields by assigning a data element to the parameter ROLLNAME.
    If the parameters SELTEXT_S, SELTEXT_M, SELTEXT_L, and REPTEXT_DDIC contain appropriate field labels, the program field column headers are also adjusted appropriately when the column width changes
    sites :
    http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/reporting/alv/alv_variousfcat.htm
    <b>plese reward if useful </b>
    Message was edited by:
            sunil kairam

  • Hi guru's what is the diff between for all entries & joins

    hi guru's what is the diff between for all entries & joins

    Hi Vasu,
    Joins are used to fetch data fast from Database tables:
    Tables are joined with the proper key fields to fetch the data properly.
    If there are no proper key fields between tables don't use Joins;
    Important thing is that don't USE JOINS FOR CLUSTER tableslike BSEG and KONV.
    Only use for Transparenmt tables.
    You can also use joins for the database VIews to fetch the data.
    JOINS
    ... FROM tabref1 [INNER] JOIN tabref2 ON cond
    Effect
    The data is to be selected from transparent database tables and/or views determined by tabref1 and tabref2. tabref1 and tabref2 each have the same form as in variant 1 or are themselves Join expressions. The keyword INNER does not have to be specified. The database tables or views determined by tabref1 and tabref2 must be recognized by the ABAP Dictionary.
    In a relational data structure, it is quite normal for data that belongs together to be split up across several tables to help the process of standardization (see relational databases). To regroup this information into a database query, you can link tables using the join command. This formulates conditions for the columns in the tables involved. The inner join contains all combinations of lines from the database table determined by tabref1 with lines from the table determined by tabref2, whose values together meet the logical condition (join condition) specified using ON>cond.
    Inner join between table 1 and table 2, where column D in both tables in the join condition is set the same:
    Table 1 Table 2
    A
    B
    C
    D
    D
    E
    F
    G
    H
    a1
    b1
    c1
    1
    1
    e1
    f1
    g1
    h1
    a2
    b2
    c2
    1
    3
    e2
    f2
    g2
    h2
    a3
    b3
    c3
    2
    4
    e3
    f3
    g3
    h3
    a4
    b4
    c4
    3
    |--|||--|
    Inner Join
    A
    B
    C
    D
    D
    E
    F
    G
    H
    a1
    b1
    c1
    1
    1
    e1
    f1
    g1
    h1
    a2
    b2
    c2
    1
    1
    e1
    f1
    g1
    h1
    a4
    b4
    c4
    3
    3
    e2
    f2
    g2
    h2
    |--||||||||--|
    Example
    Output a list of all flights from Frankfurt to New York between September 10th and 20th, 2001 that are not sold out:
    DATA: DATE LIKE SFLIGHT-FLDATE,
    CARRID LIKE SFLIGHT-CARRID,
    CONNID LIKE SFLIGHT-CONNID.
    SELECT FCARRID FCONNID F~FLDATE
    INTO (CARRID, CONNID, DATE)
    FROM SFLIGHT AS F INNER JOIN SPFLI AS P
    ON FCARRID = PCARRID AND
    FCONNID = PCONNID
    WHERE P~CITYFROM = 'FRANKFURT'
    AND P~CITYTO = 'NEW YORK'
    AND F~FLDATE BETWEEN '20010910' AND '20010920'
    AND FSEATSOCC < FSEATSMAX.
    WRITE: / DATE, CARRID, CONNID.
    ENDSELECT.
    If there are columns with the same name in both tables, you must distinguish between them by prefixing the field descriptor with the table name or a table alias.
    Note
    In order to determine the result of a SELECT command where the FROM clause contains a join, the database system first creates a temporary table containing the lines that meet the ON condition. The WHERE condition is then applied to the temporary table. It does not matter in an inner join whether the condition is in the ON or WHEREclause. The following example returns the same solution as the previous one.
    Example
    Output of a list of all flights from Frankfurt to New York between September 10th and 20th, 2001 that are not sold out:
    DATA: DATE LIKE SFLIGHT-FLDATE,
    CARRID LIKE SFLIGHT-CARRID,
    CONNID LIKE SFLIGHT-CONNID.
    SELECT FCARRID FCONNID F~FLDATE
    INTO (CARRID, CONNID, DATE)
    FROM SFLIGHT AS F INNER JOIN SPFLI AS P
    ON FCARRID = PCARRID
    WHERE FCONNID = PCONNID
    AND P~CITYFROM = 'FRANKFURT'
    AND P~CITYTO = 'NEW YORK'
    AND F~FLDATE BETWEEN '20010910' AND '20010920'
    AND FSEATSOCC < FSEATSMAX.
    WRITE: / DATE, CARRID, CONNID.
    ENDSELECT.
    Note
    Since not all of the database systems supported by SAP use the standard syntax for ON conditions, the syntax has been restricted. It only allows those joins that produce the same results on all of the supported database systems:
    Only a table or view may appear to the right of the JOIN operator, not another join expression.
    Only AND is possible in the ON condition as a logical operator.
    Each comparison in the ON condition must contain a field from the right-hand table.
    If an outer join occurs in the FROM clause, all the ON conditions must contain at least one "real" JOIN condition (a condition that contains a field from tabref1 amd a field from tabref2.
    Note
    In some cases, '*' may be specified in the SELECT clause, and an internal table or work area is entered into the INTO clause (instead of a list of fields). If so, the fields are written to the target area from left to right in the order in which the tables appear in the FROM clause, according to the structure of each table work area. There can then be gaps between table work areas if you use an Alignment Request. For this reason, you should define the target work area with reference to the types of the database tables, not simply by counting the total number of fields. For an example, see below:
    Variant 3
    ... FROM tabref1 LEFT [OUTER] JOIN tabref2 ON cond
    Effect
    Selects the data from the transparent database tables and/or views specified in tabref1 and tabref2. tabref1 und tabref2 both have either the same form as in variant 1 or are themselves join expressions. The keyword OUTER can be omitted. The database tables or views specified in tabref1 and tabref2 must be recognized by the ABAP-Dictionary.
    In order to determine the result of a SELECT command where the FROM clause contains a left outer join, the database system creates a temporary table containing the lines that meet the ON condition. The remaining fields from the left-hand table (tabref1) are then added to this table, and their corresponding fields from the right-hand table are filled with ZERO values. The system then applies the WHERE condition to the table.
    Left outer join between table 1 and table 2 where column D in both tables set the join condition:
    Table 1 Table 2
    A
    B
    C
    D
    D
    E
    F
    G
    H
    a1
    b1
    c1
    1
    1
    e1
    f1
    g1
    h1
    a2
    b2
    c2
    1
    3
    e2
    f2
    g2
    h2
    a3
    b3
    c3
    2
    4
    e3
    f3
    g3
    h3
    a4
    b4
    c4
    3
    |--|||--|
    Left Outer Join
    A
    B
    C
    D
    D
    E
    F
    G
    H
    a1
    b1
    c1
    1
    1
    e1
    f1
    g1
    h1
    a2
    b2
    c2
    1
    1
    e1
    f1
    g1
    h1
    a3
    b3
    c3
    2
    NULL
    NULL
    NULL
    NULL
    NULL
    a4
    b4
    c4
    3
    3
    e2
    f2
    g2
    h2
    |--||||||||--|
    Example
    Output a list of all custimers with their bookings for October 15th, 2001:
    DATA: CUSTOMER TYPE SCUSTOM,
    BOOKING TYPE SBOOK.
    SELECT SCUSTOMNAME SCUSTOMPOSTCODE SCUSTOM~CITY
    SBOOKFLDATE SBOOKCARRID SBOOKCONNID SBOOKBOOKID
    INTO (CUSTOMER-NAME, CUSTOMER-POSTCODE, CUSTOMER-CITY,
    BOOKING-FLDATE, BOOKING-CARRID, BOOKING-CONNID,
    BOOKING-BOOKID)
    FROM SCUSTOM LEFT OUTER JOIN SBOOK
    ON SCUSTOMID = SBOOKCUSTOMID AND
    SBOOK~FLDATE = '20011015'
    ORDER BY SCUSTOMNAME SBOOKFLDATE.
    WRITE: / CUSTOMER-NAME, CUSTOMER-POSTCODE, CUSTOMER-CITY,
    BOOKING-FLDATE, BOOKING-CARRID, BOOKING-CONNID,
    BOOKING-BOOKID.
    ENDSELECT.
    If there are columns with the same name in both tables, you must distinguish between them by prefixing the field descriptor with the table name or using an alias.
    Note
    For the resulting set of a SELECT command with a left outer join in the FROM clause, it is generally of crucial importance whether a logical condition is in the ON or WHERE condition. Since not all of the database systems supported by SAP themselves support the standard syntax and semantics of the left outer join, the syntax has been restricted to those cases that return the same solution in all database systems:
    Only a table or view may come after the JOIN operator, not another join statement.
    The only logical operator allowed in the ON condition is AND.
    Each comparison in the ON condition must contain a field from the right-hand table.
    Comparisons in the WHERE condition must not contain a field from the right-hand table.
    The ON condition must contain at least one "real" JOIN condition (a condition in which a field from tabref1 as well as from tabref2 occurs).
    Note
    In some cases, '*' may be specivied as the field list in the SELECT clause, and an internal table or work area is entered in the INTO clause (instead of a list of fields). If so, the fields are written to the target area from left to right in the order in which the tables appear in the llen in der FROM clause, according to the structure of each table work area. There can be gaps between the table work areas if you use an Alignment Request. For this reason, you should define the target work area with reference to the types of the database tables, as in the following example (not simply by counting the total number of fields).
    Example
    Example of a JOIN with more than two tables: Select all flights from Frankfurt to New York between September 10th and 20th, 2001 where there are available places, and display the name of the airline.
    DATA: BEGIN OF WA,
    FLIGHT TYPE SFLIGHT,
    PFLI TYPE SPFLI,
    CARR TYPE SCARR,
    END OF WA.
    SELECT * INTO WA
    FROM ( SFLIGHT AS F INNER JOIN SPFLI AS P
    ON FCARRID = PCARRID AND
    FCONNID = PCONNID )
    INNER JOIN SCARR AS C
    ON FCARRID = CCARRID
    WHERE P~CITYFROM = 'FRANKFURT'
    AND P~CITYTO = 'NEW YORK'
    AND F~FLDATE BETWEEN '20010910' AND '20010920'
    AND FSEATSOCC < FSEATSMAX.
    WRITE: / WA-CARR-CARRNAME, WA-FLIGHT-FLDATE, WA-FLIGHT-CARRID,
    WA-FLIGHT-CONNID.
    ENDSELECT.
    And for all entries,
    this will help u.
    use of FOR ALL ENTRIES:
    1. INNER JOIN
    DBTAB1 <----
    > DBTAB2
    It is used to JOIN two DATABASE tables
    having some COMMON fields.
    2. Whereas
    For All Entries,
    DBTAB1 <----
    > ITAB1
    is not at all related to two DATABASE tables.
    It is related to INTERNAL table.
    3. If we want to fetch data
    from some DBTABLE1
    but we want to fetch
    for only some records
    which are contained in some internal table,
    then we use for alll entries.
    1. simple example of for all entries.
    2. NOTE THAT
    In for all entries,
    it is NOT necessary to use TWO DBTABLES.
    (as against JOIN)
    3. use this program (just copy paste)
    it will fetch data
    from T001
    FOR ONLY TWO COMPANIES (as mentioned in itab)
    4
    REPORT abc.
    DATA : BEGIN OF itab OCCURS 0,
    bukrs LIKE t001-bukrs,
    END OF itab.
    DATA : t001 LIKE TABLE OF t001 WITH HEADER LINE.
    itab-bukrs = '1000'.
    APPEND itab.
    itab-bukrs = '1100'.
    APPEND itab.
    SELECT * FROM t001
    INTO TABLE t001
    FOR ALL ENTRIES IN itab
    WHERE bukrs = itab-bukrs.
    LOOP AT t001.
    WRITE :/ t001-bukrs.
    ENDLOOP.
    cheers,
    Hema.

  • What are the Interfaces in ABAP

    Hi all,
    What are the Interfaces in ABAP ?
    send me any material on the same

    Dear
    Interface are basically used to upload large amt of data in SAP .
    Intrfaces are Automation of BDCS..
    Search for BDC'S IN FORUM u will get lots of material on same
    Rgds
    Santo

  • What is the difference between  ABAP and HR-ABAP?

    Hi people,
    Could u just tel me abt what is the difference between ABAP and HR-ABAP?
    Thanks in advance,
    Sanjeev K.V

    Hi Sir ,
    Please have a look below .Hope it is suitable and simpler solution for your question.
    Please do reward if useful.
    Thankx.
    HR deals with the INFOTYPES which are similar to Tables in General ABAP.
    There are different ways of fetching data from these infotypes.
    There are different areas in HR LIKE Personal Admn, Orgn Management, Benefits, Time amangement, Event Management, Payroll etc
    Infotypes for these areas are different from one another area.
    storing of records data in each type of area is different
    LDBS like PNP are used in HR programing.
    Instead of Select.. we use some ROUTINES and PROVIDE..ENDPROVIDE.. etc
    and in the case of Pay roll we use Clusters and we Import and Export them for data fetching.
    On the whole Normal ABAP is different from HR abap.
    Also,
    HR:
    HR deals with the INFOTYPES which are similar to Tables in General ABAP.
    There are different ways of fetching data from these infotypes.
    There are different areas in HR LIKE Personal Admn, Orgn Management, Benefits, Time amangement, Event Management, Payroll etc
    Infotypes for these areas are different from one another area.
    storing of records data in each type of area is different
    LDBS like PNP are used in HR programing.
    Instead of Select.. we use some ROUTINES and PROVIDE..ENDPROVIDE.. etc
    and in the case of Pay roll we use Clusters and we Import and Export them for data fetching.
    On the whole Normal ABAP is different from HR abap.
    For Personal Admn the Infotypes start with PA0000 to PA1999
    Time Related Infotypes start with PA2000 to PA2999.
    Orgn related Infotypes start with HRP1000 to HRP1999.
    All custom developed infotypes stsrat with PA9000 onwards.
    In payroll processing we use Clusters like PCL1,2,3 and 4.
    Instead of Select query we use PROVIDE and ENDPROVIDE..
    You have to assign a Logical Database in the attributes PNP.
    Go through the SAp doc for HR programming and start doing.
    http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
    See:
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/4f/d5268a575e11d189270000e8322f96/content.htm
    sites regarding hr-abap:
    http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
    http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPA/PAPA.pdf
    http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPD/PAPD.pdf
    http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PYINT/PYINT_BASICS.pdf
    http://www.atomhr.com/training/Technical_Topics_in_HR.htm
    http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
    You can see some Standard Program examples in this one ...
    http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/programs/programshr.htm
    http://searchsap.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid21_gci1030179,00.html?Offer=SAlgwn12604#Certification
    http://www.erpgenie.com/faq/hr.htm.
    http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
    http://www.sapbrain.com/TUTORIALS/FUNCTIONAL/HR_tutorial.html
    These are the FAQ's that might helps you as well.
    http://www.sap-img.com/human/hr-faq.htm
    http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/hr.htm
    http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
    http://www.atomhr.com/library_full.htm
    HR Long texts Upload
    Look at the below link
    And finally,
    Few notes are below:
    InfoSets in the HR Application
    You can use SAP Query in HR to report on HR data. Queries are maintained as described in Creating Queries. The special features of queries created for HR are described in Maintaining Queries in the Human Resources Application. The maintenance procedure for HR InfoSets differs from the described procedure inasmuch as HR data fields are grouped together in infotypes.
    InfoSet management in SAP Query is also used for InfoSet Query. For further information, see Functions for Managing InfoSets.
    If you want to create InfoSets for HR, you can use logical databases PNP, PNPCE, PAP, and PCH (see HR Logical Databases). The database you must use to create your InfoSet depends on the component in which the data you want to report on is stored.
    The reports you can execute using InfoSets based on logical databases PNP (or PNPCE) or PCH are similar, but differ in that they can select different objects. The following table describes the connection between the logical database, and the infotypes you can include in an InfoSet. It also provides you with one or two examples of reports that you can execute using the appropriate InfoSets.
    Logical database PNP/PNPCE* PCH PAP
    Selection of Persons Objects from Personnel Planning Applicants
    Infotypes that can be included in the InfoSet Infotypes for· Personnel Administration (0000-0999) · Time Management (2000-2999) · Payroll infotypes · Infotypes for Personnel Planning objects that can be related to persons If the object type is specified:· Infotypes for the object type · Infotypes for objects that can be related to the specified object typeIf the object type is not specified:· All infotypes · Infotypes for Recruitment (4000-4999)· Some infotypes for Personnel Administration (such as 0001 and 0002)
    · Customer infotypes
    Reporting examples · Selection of all persons who participated in a specific business event, output of prices for reserved business events · Selection of all persons assigned to a specific personnel area, output of qualifications held by these persons · Selection of all business events held in London in March, output of all persons who participated in these business events · Selection of all positions assigned to a specific organizational unit, output of all persons assigned to the positions · Selection of all applicants hired last year to work on special projects, output of addresses for the applicants selected
    Logical database PNPCE (PNP Concurrent Employment) functions just like logical database PNP. The procedure for creating InfoSets is also the same. It only becomes significant if you work with Concurrent Employment.
    Creating InfoSets
    The maintenance procedure for HR InfoSets differs from the procedure described so far in this section inasmuch as HR data fields are grouped together in infotypes. To set up an InfoSet for the HR application, proceed as follows:
    1. On the initial screen for maintaining InfoSets, enter a name for the InfoSet and choose Create.
    2. On the next screen, enter a name for the InfoSet and select one of the HR logical databases in accordance with your reporting requirements.
    Customer infotypes can be created on all HR logical databases. In each individual case, therefore, you must decide which database to select so that you can report on customer infotypes.
    This screen enables you to enter an authorization group. All of the queries that are subsequently created using this InfoSet can only be executed by persons who have this authorization group.
    3. Choose .
    This takes you to the Infotype Selection for InfoSet  screen. You now have the option of creating field groups and assigning fields as required for non-HR InfoSets. Field groups that correspond to infotypes and already contain fields, however, are always created for HR InfoSets. The field groups are displayed in an overview tree in the top right section of the screen.
    The infotypes that you included in the InfoSet are displayed in an overview tree on the left of the screen. The infotype fields that are already included in field groups are displayed in a different color, and the corresponding field group ID is displayed.
    In the standard system, a field group is created automatically for each infotype that you included in the InfoSet (a field group corresponds to an infotype).
    In the standard system, each field group contains the infotype-specific fields. To ensure that working with the InfoSet is as easy as possible, you are advised to restrict your use of fields in each field group to those you really require. This means you should remove fields that are not required.
    An infotype's fields must only be assigned to the pertinent field group. Make sure this assignment is correct. If the assignment is incorrect, the InfoSet could be rendered unusable.
    When an InfoSet is created, the following fields are transferred automatically to the first field group:
    § Logical database PNPCE or PNP Personnel number
    § Logical database PAP Applicant number
    § Logical database PCH Object ID, plan version, and object type
    6. Determine the fields that must be included in the field groups of your InfoSet. If you require further information, see Assigning Fields to a Field Group.
    If you want, you can change the default sequence of field groups and fields as required using Drag&Drop.
    7. To save the InfoSet, choose .
    8. To generate the InfoSet, choose .
    On the Change InfoSet (InfoSet name) screen, you can choose Edit ® Change infotype selection to add more infotypes to the InfoSet, or to remove infotypes from the InfoSet. Remember to regenerate the InfoSet afterwards.
    This screen also enables you to update InfoSets if, for example, the system contains new additional fields for specific key values. To do so, choose InfoSet ® Additional functions ® Update additional HR fields.
    9. Go back to the initial screen for InfoSet maintenance.
    10. Choose User group assignment.
    11. Select a user group, and save your entry.
    sample code
    START-OF-SELECTION.
    GET pernr.
    rp_provide_from_frst p0000 space pn-begda pn-endda.
    if pnp-sw-found EQ '1'.
    READ TABLE p0001 WITH KEY pernr = p0000-pernr.
    if sy-subrc = 0.
    write : p0001-plans. " earliest.
    endif.
    endif.
    rp_provide_from_last p0014 space pn-begda pn-endda.
    if pnp-sw-found EQ '1'.
    READ TABLE p0014 WITH KEY pernr = p0000-pernr.
    if sy-subrc = 0.
    write : p0014-LGART. .
    endif.
    endif.

  • What is the role of ABAPer in Change pointeru0092s technique?

    What is the role of ABAPer in Change pointer’s technique?

    Hi,
    Functional Consultant will inform you for which Transaction Change Pointer needs to be done & what all updates needs to be done during Change pointer.
    Accordingly ABAPer will code the logic to update the tables.
    Best regards,
    Prashant

  • What is the meaning of ABAP/4 editor integrated with ABAP/4 data dictionary

    hi All
      i want the correct meaning of the following sentence <b>"What is the meaning of ABAP/4 editor integrated with ABAP/4 data dictionary"</b>.If any onre knows kindly explain me...
    thanks in advance...

    Hi,
    Abap is programming language in business, data dictionary is kind a interface for editor to retrive from database level to presentation area. its a meta data.
    The ABAP Dictionary’s integration with the rest of the development environment enables ABAP programs to automatically recognize the names and characteristics of dictionary objects.
    Additionally, the system provides easy navigation between development objects and dictionary definitions. For example, as a programmer, you can double-click on the name of a dictionary object in your program code, and the system will take you directly to the definition of that object in the ABAP/4 Dictionary.
    Reward points if helpful,
    regards,
    jinesh

  • What is the difference between ABAP and BADI

    What is the difference between ABAP and BADI

    Hi
    BAPI is different from BADIs and User exits in ABAP
    BAPI : BAPI basically works like a function module. the major difference being that it can work like a RFC. That means it can work from system to system. Mostly the name of a BAPI can be seen in se37 by just giving BAPI_* F4 and you will see a lot of BAPIS.
    BADI : BADI is a new concept and are also known as Business Addins. SE18 and SE19 are the two transactions which are used to make a BADI. Mostly BADIS are not made but selected from what is given in SAP. These are similar to user-exits but are method based. One can say it is an extension to the user exits. If one has an issue in which one has to change so existing things in SAP then BADI can be used. First one has to define it and then find out a suitable implementation for the issue concerned
    User-exits : there are many types of user exits like Function exits , Menu Exits Screen exits etc. These are used when there is an issue of changing SAP given screen or menu or report.. Main transactions which are used in these cases is CMOD and SMOD. One can find out the user exit concerned and change it accordingly as per ones requirement
    to be more specific in answering in singel phrase
    1.user-exit and badi are related.
    2. But BAPI is something entirely different.
    3. user-exit and badi.
    BADI is nothing but user-exit,
    BUT CLASS/OO based. thats all.
    4. BAPI is nothing but a FUNCTION MODULE only,but its RFC Enabled.
    Santosh

  • What is the upgrade from CS3 and 3.5? do I want it?

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