Join v$sql and v$session
Hi All,
I want following columns from both v$sql(last_active_time) and v$session(username,status ,program)
Cud anyone guide me how to what is the sql that joins both views so that i get above column info ?
Thanks a lot
sybrand_b wrote:
Yep but that is a 9i response and it won't work, IIRC, in 10g and higher.
Sybrand,
Why it won't work in 10g or higher?
SQL> /
Enter value for sid: 138
old 6: and ses.sid=&&sid
new 6: and ses.sid=138
SQL_TEXT
select /*+ ORDERED USE_NL(st) */ sql_text from v$session ses,
v$sqltext st where st.address = ses.sql_address and
st.hash_value=ses.sql_hash_value and ses.sid=138 order by pie
ce
SQL> l
1 select /*+ ORDERED USE_NL(st) */ sql_text
2 from v$session ses,
3 v$sqltext st
4 where st.address = ses.sql_address
5 and st.hash_value=ses.sql_hash_value
6 and ses.sid=&&sid
7* order by piece
SQL> select * from V$version;
BANNER
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE 11.2.0.1.0 Production
TNS for 32-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
SQL>Regards
Aman....
Similar Messages
-
Joining v$sql and V$SQL_SHARED_CURSOR in 9.2
Hi,
I'm trying to resolve why bind aware statements are not shared , but not sure how to join v$sql V$SQL_SHARED_CURSOR to
get valuable information .
Please advice.
Regards.
GregGregG wrote:
Hi,
I'm trying to resolve why bind aware statements are not shared , but not sure how to join v$sql V$SQL_SHARED_CURSOR to
get valuable information .
Please advice.On the combination of SQL_ID and ADDRESS columns? -
hi all,
which column i need to use to join V$session and V$sqlarea?
My main aim is to find top 5 queries with most disk_reads and generate a report containing relevant information.
Thanksi use to check active queries like this from both tables
select
substr(sid || ',' || serial#,0,15) sid,
USERNAME,
PROGRAM,
MACHINE,
OSUSER,
LOGON_TIME,
TERMINAL,
sql_text Query
from
v$sqltext,
v$session
where
address=sql_address
and hash_value=sql_hash_value
and status='ACTIVE'
order by LOGON_TIME,sid,piece -
PL/SQL query and V$SESSION.sql_address
I am running a procedure on an 11gR2 database through a PL/SQL script in Linux-side SQLPlus. The procedure does an insert, and then exits.
For the first few minutes, a join between V$SQL_SESSION.sql_address and V$SQL_TEXT.address for that SID returns the procedure's SQL for its insert.
However, it then suddenly returns "no rows found." A look into V$SESSION shows that the SID's V$SESSION record has sql_address "00". The SQL for the insert statement still appears in V$SQL, and the table to which the procedure is inserting data still has a lock on it.
Is this normal behavior?
-- DonThanks for the answer.
This brings up another question: if V$SQL.sql_address = "00" means that it is not being executed, then why is its users_executing value = 1 (and V$LOCK still indicates a lock on the table where the records are being inserted)?
(I am running this on 16 different ORACLE databases - four are 11.2.0.1.0 (64-bit) running on Linux, and the other 12 are 10.2.0.4.0 (32-bit, I presume) running on UNIX. Only two of the 12 have this problem where it appears that the procedure has stopped, and both are 11.2 databases with a sizable amount of data; however, when I run the select query that drives the procedure's insert separately, it returns the results quickly (and in one case, there are no rows to be inserted).)
-- Don -
10g doing VIEW type join even when no view in SQL - and performing poorly
Using 10.2.0.2.0
Every once in a while I see CBO deciding to use VIEW type join even when there is no view in the SQL and whenever it does that the performance just sucks.
Example –
SQL-
SELECT a.emplid, a.empl_rcd, TO_CHAR (((a.dur) + (:"SYS_B_00")), :"SYS_B_01"),
a.seqnum
FROM ps_wrk_adhoc_tao5 a, ps_tl_prof_wrk5 b, ps_tl_empl_data c
WHERE a.dur =
(SELECT MAX (a1.dur)
FROM ps_wrk_adhoc_tao5 a1
WHERE a1.process_instance = :"SYS_B_02"
AND a1.emplid = a.emplid
AND a1.empl_rcd = a.empl_rcd)
AND a.dur < TO_DATE (:"SYS_B_03", :"SYS_B_04")
AND NOT EXISTS (
SELECT :"SYS_B_05"
FROM ps_tl_ta_exceptn5 q
WHERE q.process_instance = :"SYS_B_06"
AND q.exception_id = :"SYS_B_07"
AND q.emplid = a.emplid
AND q.empl_rcd = a.empl_rcd
AND q.dur = a.dur)
AND :"SYS_B_08" = :"SYS_B_09"
AND c.emplid = a.emplid
AND b.emplid = a.emplid
AND c.empl_rcd = a.empl_rcd
AND b.empl_rcd = a.empl_rcd
AND c.effdt =
(SELECT MAX (c1.effdt)
FROM ps_tl_empl_data c1
WHERE c1.emplid = c.emplid
AND c1.empl_rcd = c.empl_rcd
AND c1.effdt <= ((a.dur) + (:"SYS_B_10")))
AND b.effdt =
(SELECT MAX (b1.effdt)
FROM ps_tl_prof_wrk5 b1
WHERE b1.process_instance = :"SYS_B_11"
AND b1.emplid = b.emplid
AND b1.empl_rcd = b.empl_rcd
AND b1.effdt <= ((a.dur) + (:"SYS_B_12")))
AND c.time_rptg_status = :"SYS_B_13"
AND b.empl_status IN (:"SYS_B_14", :"SYS_B_15", :"SYS_B_16", :"SYS_B_17")
AND a.process_instance = :"SYS_B_18"
AND b.process_instance = :"SYS_B_19"
Plan –
Operation Object Name Rows Bytes Cost Object Node In/Out PStart PStop
SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer Mode=CHOOSE 1 18
NESTED LOOPS ANTI 1 153 13
NESTED LOOPS 1 125 12
NESTED LOOPS 1 103 10
HASH JOIN 1 76 9
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS0WRK_ADHOC_TAO5 7 245 2
SORT AGGREGATE 1 21
TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID SYSADM.PS_WRK_ADHOC_TAO5 6 126 3
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_WRK_ADHOC_TAO5 6 2
VIEW SYS.VW_SQ_1 524 20 K 6
HASH GROUP BY 524 40 K 6
FILTER
MERGE JOIN 1 K 124 K 5
SORT JOIN 151 5 K 2
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_TL_PROF_WRK5 151 5 K 1
SORT JOIN 214 8 K 3
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS0WRK_ADHOC_TAO5 214 8 K 2
TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID SYSADM.PS_TL_PROF_WRK5 1 27 1
INDEX UNIQUE SCAN SYSADM.PS_TL_PROF_WRK5 1 0
TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID SYSADM.PS_TL_EMPL_DATA 1 22 2
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_TL_EMPL_DATA 1 1
SORT AGGREGATE 1 20
FIRST ROW 1 20 2
INDEX RANGE SCAN (MIN/MAX) SYSADM.PS_TL_EMPL_DATA 1 20 2
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_TL_TA_EXCEPTN5 1 28 1
If I use a rule hint here I get this plan. I get the plan given below on another database even without the rule hint –
Operation Object Name Rows Bytes Cost Object Node In/Out PStart PStop
SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer Mode=HINT: RULE
FILTER
FILTER
TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID SYSADM.PS_TL_EMPL_DATA
NESTED LOOPS
NESTED LOOPS
TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID SYSADM.PS_TL_PROF_WRK5
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_TL_PROF_WRK5
TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID SYSADM.PS_WRK_ADHOC_TAO5
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_WRK_ADHOC_TAO5
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_TL_EMPL_DATA
SORT AGGREGATE
TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID SYSADM.PS_WRK_ADHOC_TAO5
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_WRK_ADHOC_TAO5
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_TL_TA_EXCEPTN5
SORT AGGREGATE
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_TL_EMPL_DATA
SORT AGGREGATE
INDEX RANGE SCAN SYSADM.PS_TL_PROF_WRK5
The whole schema was analyzed using dbms.stats only yesterday. My question is why is Oracle doing VIEW, and how can I stop it from doing that. Hint is not an option.I understand that SQL Developer takes it's NLS settings from Preferences - Database - NLS Parameters. What I was not aware of is that when SQL Developer is run for the first time the NLS Parameters seem to be populated from the settings on the OS of the PC it is running on. To test that this was the case I did the following
I work on a Windows XP system with Regional Options - Standards and Formats and Regional Options - Location set with English (United Kingdom) and United Kingdom respectively.
I unzipped two clean SQL Developer instances (both Version 1.2.1). The first instance I first ran under my current PC set up without importing settings from a previous installation. The Preferences - Database - NLS Parameters - Language and Preferences - Database - NLS Parameters - Territory had been populated with English and United Kingdom.
I then changed the Regional Options on the OS to English (United States) and United States and ran the second instance of SQL Developer for the first time, again without importing settings. In this instance of SQL Developer the NLS Parameters were populated with American and America.
When the first instance of SQL Developer was the checked under these OS settings the NLS Parameters were still English and United Kingdom.
I was not aware this was the case and, if my test is correct, it seems to contradict the SQL Developer user guide http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E10405_01/doc/appdev.120/e10406/intro.htm#CHDBHCAG
James
Message was edited by: Jampat to include SQL Developer version number. -
Setting and retrieving session using pl/sql
How to set and retrieve session using pl/sql?Can anyone help me?
mrs wrote:
create or replace
function get_login_details(in_user in VARCHAR2,in_pwd in VARCHAR2,in_cname in VARCHAR2)
..snipped..The code should look as follows:
create or replace function AuthenticateUser( userName varchar2, userPassw varchar2, userGroup varchar2 )
return integer is
i integer;
begin
--// purpose of the SQL is simply to check if such a row exist -
--// no data from the row needs to be fetched
select 1 into i from acl_users_gv
where user_name = userName
and password = userPassw
and entity_group_name = userGroup;
--// if the SQL succeeded, then the row exists and matches
--// the authentication details
return( 0 );
exception when NO_DATA_FOUND then
--// SQL failed to find a row - authentication details do
--// not exist
return( 1 );
end;No need to fetch data unnecessarily. No need too check the fetched data when the column values are already checked via the SQL filter condition (predicate).
No need to return a flag variable as a freely formatted text string containing Successful Login and login failed. That is not a robust design to use a string variable like that. Use boolean for true/false. Or use integer values 0/1.
This is my function get_login_details.And I need to get this 'o_mesg' in other java file also.Standard PL/SQL call from Java. The SQL string to execute contains an anonymous PL/SQL and needs to use bind variables. E.g.
begin
:result := AuthenticateUse( :userName, :userPassw, :userGroup );
end;
Can you suggest the right way, how I can get this variable in other pages?That depends on whether there is database session state. If there is, authentication can be done once only via a trusted context, that specifies whether the session is authenticated.
If this is done from an app server that uses a db session pool and stateless db sessions, the state needs to be kept in the app server.
Do you understand what stateful versus stateless db sessions are, and what the differences are? -
Oracle SQL and PL/SQL interview questions.
Can anyone forward me all Oracle SQL and PL/SQL Interview questions and answers asap.
Many Thanks.
BbaDear Pal
I not sure all the all answers are correct. I got one mail couple yrs back. I am just sharing mail contents. Kindly keep question and compare answers.
1 Which is more faster - IN or EXISTS?
EXISTS is more faster than IN because EXISTS returns a Boolean value whereas IN returns a value.
2 Which datatype is used for storing graphics and images?
LONG RAW data type is used for storing BLOB's (binary large objects).
3 When do you use WHERE clause and when do you use HAVING clause?
HAVING clause is used when you want to specify a condition for a group function and it is written after GROUP BY clause. The WHERE clause is used when you want to specify a condition for columns, single row functions except group functions and it is written before GROUP BY clause if it is used.
4 What WHERE CURRENT OF clause does in a cursor?
LOOPSELECT num_credits INTO v_numcredits FROM classesWHERE dept=123 and course=101;UPDATE studentsSET current_credits=current_credits+v_numcreditsWHERE CURRENT OF X;END LOOPCOMMIT;END;
5 What should be the return type for a cursor variable.Can we use a scalar data type as return type?
The return type for a cursor must be a record type.It can be declared explicitly as a user-defined or %ROWTYPE can be used. eg TYPE t_studentsref IS REF CURSOR RETURN students%ROWTYPE
6 What is use of a cursor variable? How it is defined?
A cursor variable is associated with different statements at run time, which can hold different values at run time. Static cursors can only be associated with one run time query. A cursor variable is reference type (like a pointer in C).Declaring a cursor variable:TYPE type_name IS REF CURSOR RETURN return_type type_name is the name of the reference type,return_type is a record type indicating the types of the select list that will eventually be returned by the cursor variable.
7 What is the purpose of a cluster?
Oracle does not allow a user to specifically locate tables, since that is a part of the function of the RDBMS. However, for the purpose of increasing performance, oracle allows a developer to create a CLUSTER. A CLUSTER provides a means for storing data from different tables together for faster retrieval than if the table placement were left to the RDBMS.
8 What is the maximum buffer size that can be specified using the DBMS_OUTPUT.ENABLE function?
1,000,00
9 What is syntax for dropping a procedure and a function .Are these operations possible?
Drop Procedure procedure_nameDrop Function function_name
10 What is OCI. What are its uses?
Oracle Call Interface is a method of accesing database from a 3GL program. Uses--No precompiler is required,PL/SQL blocks are executed like other DML statements. The OCI library provides· -functions to parse SQL statemets· -bind input variables· -bind output variables· -execute statements· -fetch the results
11 What is difference between UNIQUE and PRIMARY KEY constraints?
A table can have only one PRIMARY KEY whereas there can be any number of UNIQUE keys. The columns that compose PK are automatically define NOT NULL, whereas a column that compose a UNIQUE is not automatically defined to be mandatory must also specify the column is NOT NULL.
12 What is difference between SUBSTR and INSTR?
SUBSTR returns a specified portion of a string eg SUBSTR('BCDEF',4) output BCDEINSTR provides character position in which a pattern is found in a string. eg INSTR('ABC-DC-F','-',2) output 7 (2nd occurence of '-')
13 What is difference between SQL and SQL*PLUS?
SQL*PLUS is a command line tool where as SQL and PL/SQL language interface and reporting tool. Its a command line tool that allows user to type SQL commands to be executed directly against an Oracle database. SQL is a language used to query the relational database(DML,DCL,DDL). SQL*PLUS commands are used to format query result, Set options, Edit SQL commands and PL/SQL.
14 What is difference between Rename and Alias?
Rename is a permanent name given to a table or column whereas Alias is a temporary name given to a table or column which do not exist once the SQL statement is executed.
15 What is difference between a formal and an actual parameter?
The variables declared in the procedure and which are passed, as arguments are called actual, the parameters in the procedure declaration. Actual parameters contain the values that are passed to a procedure and receive results. Formal parameters are the placeholders for the values of actual parameters
16 What is an UTL_FILE.What are different procedures and functions associated with it?
UTL_FILE is a package that adds the ability to read and write to operating system files. Procedures associated with it are FCLOSE, FCLOSE_ALL and 5 procedures to output data to a file PUT, PUT_LINE, NEW_LINE, PUTF, FFLUSH.PUT, FFLUSH.PUT_LINE,FFLUSH.NEW_LINE. Functions associated with it are FOPEN, ISOPEN.
17 What is a view ?
A view is stored procedure based on one or more tables, its a virtual table.
18 What is a pseudo column. Give some examples?
It is a column that is not an actual column in the table.eg USER, UID, SYSDATE, ROWNUM, ROWID, NULL, AND LEVEL.
19 What is a OUTER JOIN?
Outer Join--Its a join condition used where you can query all the rows of one of the tables in the join condition even though they dont satisfy the join condition.
20 What is a cursor?
Oracle uses work area to execute SQL statements and store processing information PL/SQL construct called a cursor lets you name a work area and access its stored information A cursor is a mechanism used to fetch more than one row in a Pl/SQl block.
21 What is a cursor for loop?
Cursor For Loop is a loop where oracle implicitly declares a loop variable, the loop index that of the same record type as the cursor's record.
22 What are various privileges that a user can grant to another user?
· SELECT· CONNECT· RESOURCES
23 What are various constraints used in SQL?
· NULL· NOT NULL· CHECK· DEFAULT
24 What are ORACLE PRECOMPILERS?
Using ORACLE PRECOMPILERS, SQL statements and PL/SQL blocks can be contained inside 3GL programs written in C,C++,COBOL,PASCAL, FORTRAN,PL/1 AND ADA.The Precompilers are known as Pro*C,Pro*Cobol,...This form of PL/SQL is known as embedded pl/sql,the language in which pl/sql is embedded is known as the host language. The prcompiler translates the embedded SQL and pl/sql ststements into calls to the precompiler runtime library.The output must be compiled and linked with this library to creater an executable.
25 What are different Oracle database objects?
· TABLES· VIEWS· INDEXES· SYNONYMS· SEQUENCES· TABLESPACES etc
26 What are different modes of parameters used in functions and procedures?
· IN· OUT· INOUT
27 What are cursor attributes?
· %ROWCOUNT· %NOTFOUND· %FOUND· %ISOPEN
28 What a SELECT FOR UPDATE cursor represent. [ANSWER]SELECT......FROM......FOR......UPDATE[OF column-reference][NOWAIT] The processing done in a fetch loop modifies the rows that have been retrieved by the cursor. A convenient way of modifying the rows is done by a method with two parts: the FOR UPDATE clause in the cursor declaration, WHERE CURRENT OF CLAUSE in an UPDATE or declaration statement.
29 There is a string 120000 12 0 .125 , how you will find the position of the decimal place?
INSTR('120000 12 0 .125',1,'.')output 13
30 There is a % sign in one field of a column. What will be the query to find it?
'' Should be used before '%'.
31 Suppose a customer table is having different columns like customer no, payments.What will be the query to select top three max payments?
SELECT customer_no, payments from customer C1
WHERE 3<=(SELECT COUNT(*) from customer C2
WHERE C1.payment <= C2.payment)
32 minvalue.sql Select the Nth lowest value from a table
select level, min('col_name') from my_table where level = '&n' connect by prior ('col_name') <
'col_name')
group by level;
Example:
Given a table called emp with the following columns:
-- id number
-- name varchar2(20)
-- sal number
-- For the second lowest salary:
-- select level, min(sal) from emp
-- where level=2
-- connect by prior sal < sal
-- group by level
33 maxvalue.sql Select the Nth Highest value from a table
select level, max('col_name') from my_table where level = '&n' connect by prior ('col_name') >
'col_name')
group by level;
Example:
Given a table called emp with the following columns:
-- id number
-- name varchar2(20)
-- sal number
-- For the second highest salary:
-- select level, max(sal) from emp
-- where level=2
-- connect by prior sal > sal
-- group by level
34 How you will avoid your query from using indexes?
SELECT * FROM emp
Where emp_no+' '=12345;
i.e you have to concatenate the column name with space within codes in the where condition.
SELECT /*+ FULL(a) */ ename, emp_no from emp
where emp_no=1234;
i.e using HINTS
35 How you will avoid duplicating records in a query?
By using DISTINCT
36 How you were passing cursor variables in PL/SQL 2.2?
In PL/SQL 2.2 cursor variables cannot be declared in a package.This is because the storage for a cursor variable has to be allocated using Pro*C or OCI with version 2.2, the only means of passing a cursor variable to a PL/SQL block is via bind variable or a procedure parameter.
37 How you open and close a cursor variable.Why it is required?
OPEN cursor variable FOR SELECT...Statement
CLOSE cursor variable In order to associate a cursor variable with a particular SELECT statement OPEN syntax is used. In order to free the resources used for the query CLOSE statement is used.
38 How will you delete duplicating rows from a base table?
delete from table_name where rowid not in (select max(rowid) from table group by duplicate_values_field_name); or
delete duplicate_values_field_name dv from table_name ta where rowid <(select min(rowid) from table_name tb where ta.dv=tb.dv);
39 How do you find the numbert of rows in a Table ?
A bad answer is count them (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table_name)
A good answer is :-
'By generating SQL to ANALYZE TABLE table_name COUNT STATISTICS by querying Oracle System Catalogues (e.g. USER_TABLES or ALL_TABLES).
The best answer is to refer to the utility which Oracle released which makes it unnecessary to do ANALYZE TABLE for each Table individually.
40 Find out nth highest salary from emp table
SELECT DISTINCT (a.sal) FROM EMP A WHERE &N = (SELECT COUNT (DISTINCT (b.sal)) FROM EMP B WHERE a.sal<=b.sal);
For Eg:-
Enter value for n: 2
SAL
3700
41 Display the records between two range?
select rownum, empno, ename from emp where rowid in (select rowid from emp where rownum <=&upto minus select rowid from emp where rownum<&Start);
42 Display the number value in Words?
SQL> select sal, (to_char(to_date(sal,'j'), 'jsp'))
from emp;
the output like,
SAL (TO_CHAR(TO_DATE(SAL,'J'),'JSP'))
800 eight hundred
1600 one thousand six hundred
1250 one thousand two hundred fifty
If you want to add some text like, Rs. Three Thousand only.
SQL> select sal "Salary ",
(' Rs. '|| (to_char(to_date(sal,'j'), 'Jsp'))|| ' only.'))
"Sal in Words" from emp
Salary Sal in Words
800 Rs. Eight Hundred only.
1600 Rs. One Thousand Six Hundred only.
1250 Rs. One Thousand Two Hundred Fifty only.
43 Display Odd/ Even number of records
Odd number of records:
select * from emp where (rowid,1) in (select rowid, mod(rownum,2) from emp);
Output:-
1
3
5
Even number of records:
select * from emp where (rowid,0) in (select rowid, mod(rownum,2) from emp)
Output:-
2
4
6
44 Difference between procedure and function.
Functions are named PL/SQL blocks that return a value and can be called with arguments procedure a named block that can be called with parameter. A procedure all is a PL/SQL statement by itself, while a Function call is called as part of an expression.
45 Difference between NO DATA FOUND and %NOTFOUND
NO DATA FOUND is an exception raised only for the SELECT....INTO statements when the where clause of the querydoes not match any rows. When the where clause of the explicit cursor does not match any rows the %NOTFOUND attribute is set to TRUE instead.
46 Difference between database triggers and form triggers?
Data base trigger(DBT) fires when a DML operation is performed on a data base table. Form trigger(FT) Fires when user presses a key or navigates between fields on the screen
Can be row level or statement level No distinction between row level and statement level.
Can manipulate data stored in Oracle tables via SQL Can manipulate data in Oracle tables as well as variables in forms.
Can be fired from any session executing the triggering DML statements. Can be fired only from the form that define the trigger.
Can cause other database triggers to fire.Can cause other database triggers to fire, but not other form triggers.
47 Difference between an implicit & an explicit cursor.
PL/SQL declares a cursor implicitly for all SQL data manipulation statements, including quries that return only one row. However,queries that return more than one row you must declare an explicit cursor or use a cursor FOR loop.
Explicit cursor is a cursor in which the cursor name is explicitly assigned to a SELECT statement via the CURSOR...IS statement. An implicit cursor is used for all SQL statements Declare, Open, Fetch, Close. An explicit cursors are used to process multirow SELECT statements An implicit cursor is used to process INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and single row SELECT. .INTO statements.
48 Can you use a commit statement within a database trigger?
No.
49 Can the default values be assigned to actual parameters?
Yes
50 Can cursor variables be stored in PL/SQL tables.If yes how. If not why?
No, a cursor variable points a row which cannot be stored in a two-dimensional PL/SQL table.
51 Can a primary key contain more than one columns?
Yes
52 Can a function take OUT parameters. If not why?
No. A function has to return a value,an OUT parameter cannot return a value.
53 What are various joins used while writing SUBQUERIES?
Self join-Its a join foreign key of a table references the same table. Outer Join--Its a join condition used where One can query all the rows of one of the tables in the join condition even though they don't satisfy the join condition.
Equi-join--Its a join condition that retrieves rows from one or more tables in which one or more columns in one table are equal to one or more columns in the second table.
54 Differentiate between TRUNCATE and DELETE
TRUNCATE deletes much faster than DELETE
TRUNCATE
DELETE
It is a DDL statement It is a DML statement
It is a one way trip,cannot ROLLBACK One can Rollback
Doesn't have selective features (where clause) Has
Doesn't fire database triggers Does
It requires disabling of referential constraints. Does not require
1 What is PL/SQL ?
PL/SQL is a procedural language that has both interactive SQL and procedural programming language constructs such as iteration, conditional branching.
2 Write the order of precedence for validation of a column in a table ?
I. done using Database triggers.
ii. done using Integarity Constraints.
I & ii.
Exception :
3 Where the Pre_defined_exceptions are stored ?
In the standard package.
Procedures, Functions & Packages ;
4 What are % TYPE and % ROWTYPE ? What are the advantages of using these over datatypes?
% TYPE provides the data type of a variable or a database column to that variable.
% ROWTYPE provides the record type that represents a entire row of a table or view or columns selected in the cursor.
The advantages are : I. Need not know about variable's data type
ii. If the database definition of a column in a table changes, the data type of a variable changes accordingly.
5 What will happen after commit statement ?
Cursor C1 is
Select empno,
ename from emp;
Begin
open C1; loop
Fetch C1 into
eno.ename;
Exit When
C1 %notfound;-----
commit;
end loop;
end;
The cursor having query as SELECT .... FOR UPDATE gets closed after COMMIT/ROLLBACK.
The cursor having query as SELECT.... does not get closed even after COMMIT/ROLLBACK.
6 What is the basic structure of PL/SQL ?
PL/SQL uses block structure as its basic structure. Anonymous blocks or nested blocks can be used in PL/SQL.
7 What is Raise_application_error ?
Raise_application_error is a procedure of package DBMS_STANDARD which allows to issue an user_defined error messages from stored sub-program or database trigger.
8 What is Pragma EXECPTION_INIT ? Explain the usage ?
The PRAGMA EXECPTION_INIT tells the complier to associate an exception with an oracle error. To get an error message of a specific oracle error.
e.g. PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT (exception name, oracle error number)
9 What is PL/SQL table ?
Objects of type TABLE are called "PL/SQL tables", which are modeled as (but not the same as) database tables, PL/SQL tables use a primary PL/SQL tables can have one column and a primary key.
Cursors
10 What is Overloading of procedures ?
The Same procedure name is repeated with parameters of different datatypes and parameters in different positions, varying number of parameters is called overloading of procedures.
e.g. DBMS_OUTPUT put_line
What is a package ? What are the advantages of packages ?
11 What is difference between a PROCEDURE & FUNCTION ?
A FUNCTION is always returns a value using the return statement.
A PROCEDURE may return one or more values through parameters or may not return at all.
12 What is difference between a Cursor declared in a procedure and Cursor declared in a package specification ?
A cursor declared in a package specification is global and can be accessed by other procedures or procedures in a package.
A cursor declared in a procedure is local to the procedure that can not be accessed by other procedures.
13 What is difference between % ROWTYPE and TYPE RECORD ?
% ROWTYPE is to be used whenever query returns a entire row of a table or view.
TYPE rec RECORD is to be used whenever query returns columns of different
table or views and variables.
E.g. TYPE r_emp is RECORD (eno emp.empno% type,ename emp ename %type
e_rec emp% ROWTYPE
cursor c1 is select empno,deptno from emp;
e_rec c1 %ROWTYPE.
14 What is an Exception ? What are types of Exception ?
Exception is the error handling part of PL/SQL block. The types are Predefined and user defined. Some of Predefined exceptions are.
CURSOR_ALREADY_OPEN
DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX
NO_DATA_FOUND
TOO_MANY_ROWS
INVALID_CURSOR
INVALID_NUMBER
LOGON_DENIED
NOT_LOGGED_ON
PROGRAM-ERROR
STORAGE_ERROR
TIMEOUT_ON_RESOURCE
VALUE_ERROR
ZERO_DIVIDE
OTHERS.
15 What is a stored procedure ?
A stored procedure is a sequence of statements that perform specific function.
16 What is a database trigger ? Name some usages of database trigger ?
Database trigger is stored PL/SQL program unit associated with a specific database table. Usages are Audit data modifications, Log events transparently, Enforce complex business rules Derive column values automatically, Implement complex security authorizations. Maintain replicate tables.
17 What is a cursor for loop ?
Cursor for loop implicitly declares %ROWTYPE as loop index,opens a cursor, fetches rows of values from active set into fields in the record and closes
when all the records have been processed.
eg. FOR emp_rec IN C1 LOOP
salary_total := salary_total +emp_rec sal;
END LOOP;
18 What is a cursor ? Why Cursor is required ?
Cursor is a named private SQL area from where information can be accessed. Cursors are required to process rows individually for queries returning multiple rows.
19 What happens if a procedure that updates a column of table X is called in a database trigger of the same table ?
Mutation of table occurs.
20 What are two virtual tables available during database trigger execution ?
The table columns are referred as OLD.column_name and NEW.column_name.
For triggers related to INSERT only NEW.column_name values only available.
For triggers related to UPDATE only OLD.column_name NEW.column_name values only available.
For triggers related to DELETE only OLD.column_name values only available.
21 What are two parts of package ?
The two parts of package are PACKAGE SPECIFICATION & PACKAGE BODY.
Package Specification contains declarations that are global to the packages and local to the schema.
Package Body contains actual procedures and local declaration of the procedures and cursor declarations.
22 What are the two parts of a procedure ?
Procedure Specification and Procedure Body.
23 What are the return values of functions SQLCODE and SQLERRM ?
SQLCODE returns the latest code of the error that has occurred.
SQLERRM returns the relevant error message of the SQLCODE.
24 What are the PL/SQL Statements used in cursor processing ?
DECLARE CURSOR cursor name, OPEN cursor name, FETCH cursor name INTO or Record types, CLOSE cursor name.
25 What are the modes of parameters that can be passed to a procedure ?
IN,OUT,IN-OUT parameters.
26 What are the datatypes a available in PL/SQL ?
Some scalar data types such as NUMBER, VARCHAR2, DATE, CHAR, LONG, BOOLEAN.
Some composite data types such as RECORD & TABLE.
27 What are the cursor attributes used in PL/SQL ?
%ISOPEN - to check whether cursor is open or not
% ROWCOUNT - number of rows fetched/updated/deleted.
% FOUND - to check whether cursor has fetched any row. True if rows are fetched.
% NOT FOUND - to check whether cursor has fetched any row. True if no rows are featched.
These attributes are proceeded with SQL for Implicit Cursors and with Cursor name for Explicit Cursors.
28 What are the components of a PL/SQL Block ?
Declarative part, Executable part and Exception part.
Datatypes PL/SQL
29 What are the components of a PL/SQL block ?
A set of related declarations and procedural statements is called block.
30 What are advantages fo Stored Procedures /
Extensibility,Modularity, Reusability, Maintainability and one time compilation.
1 What is PL/SQL ?
PL/SQL is a procedural language that has both interactive SQL and procedural programming language constructs such as iteration, conditional branching.
2 Write the order of precedence for validation of a column in a table ?
I. done using Database triggers.
ii. done using Integarity Constraints.
I & ii.
Exception :
3 Where the Pre_defined_exceptions are stored ?
In the standard package.
Procedures, Functions & Packages ;
4 What are % TYPE and % ROWTYPE ? What are the advantages of using these over datatypes?
% TYPE provides the data type of a variable or a database column to that variable.
% ROWTYPE provides the record type that represents a entire row of a table or view or columns selected in the cursor.
The advantages are : I. Need not know about variable's data type
ii. If the database definition of a column in a table changes, the data type of a variable changes accordingly.
5 What will happen after commit statement ?
Cursor C1 is
Select empno,
ename from emp;
Begin
open C1; loop
Fetch C1 into
eno.ename;
Exit When
C1 %notfound;-----
commit;
end loop;
end;
The cursor having query as SELECT .... FOR UPDATE gets closed after COMMIT/ROLLBACK.
The cursor having query as SELECT.... does not get closed even after COMMIT/ROLLBACK.
6 What is the basic structure of PL/SQL ?
PL/SQL uses block structure as its basic structure. Anonymous blocks or nested blocks can be used in PL/SQL.
7 What is Raise_application_error ?
Raise_application_error is a procedure of package DBMS_STANDARD which allows to issue an user_defined error messages from stored sub-program or database trigger.
8 What is Pragma EXECPTION_INIT ? Explain the usage ?
The PRAGMA EXECPTION_INIT tells the complier to associate an exception with an oracle error. To get an error message of a specific oracle error.
e.g. PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT (exception name, oracle error number)
9 What is PL/SQL table ?
Objects of type TABLE are called "PL/SQL tables", which are modeled as (but not the same as) database tables, PL/SQL tables use a primary PL/SQL tables can have one column and a primary key.
Cursors
10 What is Overloading of procedures ?
The Same procedure name is repeated with parameters of different datatypes and parameters in different positions, varying number of parameters is called overloading of procedures.
e.g. DBMS_OUTPUT put_line
What is a package ? What are the advantages of packages ?
11 What is difference between a PROCEDURE & FUNCTION ?
A FUNCTION is always returns a value using the return statement.
A PROCEDURE may return one or more values through parameters or may not return at all.
12 What is difference between a Cursor declared in a procedure and Cursor declared in a package specification ?
A cursor declared in a package specification is global and can be accessed by other procedures or procedures in a package.
A cursor declared in a procedure is local to the procedure that can not be accessed by other procedures.
13 What is difference between % ROWTYPE and TYPE RECORD ?
% ROWTYPE is to be used whenever query returns a entire row of a table or view.
TYPE rec RECORD is to be used whenever query returns columns of different
table or views and variables.
E.g. TYPE r_emp is RECORD (eno emp.empno% type,ename emp ename %type
e_rec emp% ROWTYPE
cursor c1 is select empno,deptno from emp;
e_rec c1 %ROWTYPE.
14 What is an Exception ? What are types of Exception ?
Exception is the error handling part of PL/SQL block. The types are Predefined and user defined. Some of Predefined exceptions are.
CURSOR_ALREADY_OPEN
DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX
NO_DATA_FOUND
TOO_MANY_ROWS
INVALID_CURSOR
INVALID_NUMBER
LOGON_DENIED
NOT_LOGGED_ON
PROGRAM-ERROR
STORAGE_ERROR
TIMEOUT_ON_RESOURCE
VALUE_ERROR
ZERO_DIVIDE
OTHERS.
15 What is a stored procedure ?
A stored procedure is a sequence of statements that perform specific function.
16 What is a database trigger ? Name some usages of database trigger ?
Database trigger is stored PL/SQL program unit associated with a specific database table. Usages are Audit data modifications, Log events transparently, Enforce complex business rules Derive column values automatically, Implement complex security authorizations. Maintain replicate tables.
17 What is a cursor for loop ?
Cursor for loop implicitly declares %ROWTYPE as loop index,opens a cursor, fetches rows of values from active set into fields in the record and closes
when all the records have been processed.
eg. FOR emp_rec IN C1 LOOP
salary_total := salary_total +emp_rec sal;
END LOOP;
18 What is a cursor ? Why Cursor is required ?
Cursor is a named private SQL area from where information can be accessed. Cursors are required to process rows individually for queries returning multiple rows.
19 What happens if a procedure that updates a column of table X is called in a database trigger of the same table ?
Mutation of table occurs.
20 What are two virtual tables available during database trigger execution ?
The table columns are referred as OLD.column_name and NEW.column_name.
For triggers related to INSERT only NEW.column_name values only available.
For triggers related to UPDATE only OLD.column_name NEW.column_name values only available.
For triggers related to DELETE only OLD.column_name values only available.
21 What are two parts of package ?
The two parts of package are PACKAGE SPECIFICATION & PACKAGE BODY.
Package Specification contains declarations that are global to the packages and local to the schema.
Package Body contains actual procedures and local declaration of the procedures and cursor declarations.
22 What are the two parts of a procedure ?
Procedure Specification and Procedure Body.
23 What are the return values of functions SQLCODE and SQLERRM ?
SQLCODE returns the latest code of the error that has occurred.
SQLERRM returns the relevant error message of the SQLCODE.
24 What are the PL/SQL Statements used in cursor processing ?
DECLARE CURSOR cursor name, OPEN cursor name, FETCH cursor name INTO or Record types, CLOSE cursor name.
25 What are the modes of parameters that can be passed to a procedure ?
IN,OUT,IN-OUT parameters.
26 What are the datatypes a available in PL/SQL ?
Some scalar data types such as NUMBER, VARCHAR2, DATE, CHAR, LONG, BOOLEAN.
Some composite data types such as RECORD & TABLE.
27 What are the cursor attributes used in PL/SQL ?
%ISOPEN - to check whether cursor is open or not
% ROWCOUNT - number of rows fetched/updated/deleted.
% FOUND - to check whether cursor has fetched any row. True if rows are fetched.
% NOT FOUND - to check whether cursor has fetched any row. True if no rows are featched.
These attributes are proceeded with SQL for Implicit Cursors and with Cursor name for Explicit Cursors.
28 What are the components of a PL/SQL Block ?
Declarative part, Executable part and Exception part.
Datatypes PL/SQL
29 What are the components of a PL/SQL block ?
A set of related declarations and procedural statements is called block.
30 What are advantages fo Stored Procedures /
Extensibility,Modularity, Reusability, Maintainability and one time compilation.
31 Name the tables where characteristics of Package, procedure and functions are stored ?
User_objects, User_Source and User_error.
32 Is it possible to use Transaction control Statements such a ROLLBACK or COMMIT in Database Trigger ? Why ?
It is not possible. As triggers are defined for each table, if you use COMMIT of ROLLBACK in a trigger, it affects logical transaction processing.
33 How packaged procedures and functions are called from the following?
a. Stored procedure or anonymous block
b. an application program such a PRC C, PRO COBOL
c. SQL *PLUS
a. PACKAGE NAME.PROCEDURE NAME (parameters);
variable := PACKAGE NAME.FUNCTION NAME (arguments);
EXEC SQL EXECUTE
b.
BEGIN
PACKAGE NAME.PROCEDURE NAME (parameters)
variable := PACKAGE NAME.FUNCTION NAME (arguments);
END;
END EXEC;
c. EXECUTE PACKAGE NAME.PROCEDURE if the procedures does not have any
out/in-out parameters. A function can not be called.
34 How many types of database triggers can be specified on a table ? What are they ?
Insert Update Delete
Before Row o.k. o.k. o.k.
After Row o.k. o.k. o.k.
Before Statement o.k. o.k. o.k.
After Statement o.k. o.k. o.k.
If FOR EACH ROW clause is specified, then the trigger for each Row affected by the statement.
If WHEN clause is specified, the trigger fires according to the returned Boolean value.
35 Give the structure of the procedure ?
PROCEDURE name (parameter list.....)
is
local variable declarations
BEGIN
Executable statements.
Exception.
exception handlers
end;
36 Give the structure of the function ?
FUNCTION name (argument list .....) Return datatype is
local variable declarations
Begin
executable statements
Exception
execution handlers
End;
37 Explain the usage of WHERE CURRENT OF clause in cursors ?
WHERE CURRENT OF clause in an UPDATE,DELETE statement refers to the latest row fetched from a cursor.
Database Triggers
38 Explain the two type of Cursors ?
There are two types of cursors, Implicit Cursor and Explicit Cursor.
PL/SQL uses Implicit Cursors for queries.
User defined cursors are called Explicit Cursors. They can be declared and used.
39 Explain how procedures and functions are called in a PL/SQL block ?
Function is called as part of an expression.
sal := calculate_sal ('a822');
procedure is called as a PL/SQL statement
calculate_bonus ('A822');
Programmatic Constructs
Last Update: September 06, 2004
1 What are the different types of PL/SQL program units that can be defined and stored in ORACLE database ?
Procedures and Functions,Packages and Database Triggers.
2 What are the differences between Database Trigger and Integrity constraints ?
A declarative integrity constraint is a statement about the database that is always true. A constraint applies to existing data in the table and any statement that manipulates the table.
A trigger does not apply to data loaded before the definition of the trigger, therefore, it does not guarantee all data in a table conforms to the rules established by an associated trigger.
A trigger can be used to enforce transitional constraints where as a declarative integrity constraint cannot be used.
3 What is difference between Procedures and Functions ?
A Function returns a value to the caller where as a Procedure does not.
4 What is Database Trigger ?
A Database Trigger is procedure (set of SQL and PL/SQL statements) that is automatically executed as a result of an insert in,update to, or delete from a table.
5 What is a Procedure ?
A Procedure consist of a set of SQL and PL/SQL statements that are grouped together as a unit to solve a specific problem or perform a set of related tasks.
6 What is a Package ?
A Package is a collection of related procedures, functions, variables and other package constructs together as a unit in the database.
7 What are the uses of Database Trigger ?
Database triggers can be used to automatic data generation, audit data modifications, enforce complex Integrity constraints, and customize complex security authorizations.
8 What are the advantages of having a Package ?
Increased functionality (for example,global package variables can be declared and used by any proecdure in the package) and performance (for example all objects of the package are parsed compiled, and loaded into memory once)
1 With which function of summary item is the compute at options required?
percentage of total functions.
2 Why is it preferable to create a fewer no. of queries in the data model?
Because for each query, report has to open a separate cursor and has to rebind, execute and fetch data.
3 Why is a Where clause faster than a group filter or a format trigger?
Because, in a where clause the condition is applied during data retrieval than after retrieving the data.
4 Which parameter can be used to set read level consistency across multiple queries?
Read only.
5 Which of the two views should objects according to possession?
view by structure.
6 Which of the above methods is the faster method?
performing the calculation in the query is faster.
7 Where is the external query executed at the client or the server?
At the server.
8 Where is a procedure return in an external pl/sql library executed at the client or at the server?
At the client.
9 When do you use data parameter type?
When the value of a data parameter being passed to a called product is always the name of the record group defined in the current form. Data parameters are used to pass data to produts invoked with the run_product built-in subprogram.
10 When a form is invoked with call_form, Does oracle forms issues a save point?
Yes
11 What are the important difference between property clause and visual attributes?
Named visual attributes differ only font, color & pattern attributes, property clauses can contain this and any other properties. You can change the appearance of objects at run time by changing the named visual attributes programmatically , property clause assignments cannot be changed programmatically. When an object is inheriting from both a property clause and named visual attribute, the named visual attribute settings take precedence, and any visual attribute properties in the class are ignored.
12 What use of command line parameter cmd file?
It is a command line argument that allows you to specify a file that contain a set of arguments for r20run.
13 What is WHEN-Database-record trigger?
Fires when oracle forms first marks a record as an insert or an update. The trigger fires as soon as oracle forms determines through validation that the record should be processed by the next post or commit as an insert or update. c generally occurs only when the operators modifies the first item in the record, and after the operator attempts to navigate out of the item.
14 What is use of term?
The term file which key is correspond to which oracle report functions.
15 What is trigger associated with the timer?
When-timer-expired.
16 What is the use of transactional triggers?
Using transactional triggers we can control or modify the default functionality of the oracle forms.
17 What is the use of place holder column?
A placeholder column is used to hold calculated values at a specified place rather than allowing is to appear in the actual row where it has to appear.
18 What is the use of image_zoom built-in?
To manipulate images in image items.
19 What is the use of hidden column?
A hidden column is used to when a column has to embed into boilerplate text.
20 What is the use of break group?
A break group is used to display one record for one group ones. While multiple related records in other group can be displayed.
21 What is the remove on exit property?
For a modelless window, it determines whether oracle forms hides the window automatically when the operators navigates to an item in the another window.
22 What is the purpose of the product order option in the column property sheet?
To specify the order of individual group evaluation in a cross products.
23 What is the maximum no of chars the parameter can store?
The maximum no of chars the parameter can store is only valid for char parameters, which can be upto 64K. No parameters default to 23Bytes and Date parameter default to 7Bytes.
24 What is the main diff. bet. Reports 2.0 & Reports 2.5?
Report 2.5 is object oriented.
25 What is the frame & repeating frame?
A frame is a holder for a group of fields. A repeating frame is used to display a set of records when the no. of records that are to displayed is not known before.
26 What is the difference between OLE Server & Ole Container?
An Ole server application creates ole Objects that are embedded or linked in ole Containers ex. Ole servers are ms_word & ms_excel. OLE containers provide a place to store, display and manipulate objects that are created by ole server applications. Ex. oracle forms is an example of an ole Container.
27 What is the difference between object embedding & linking in Oracle forms?
In Oracle forms, Embedded objects become part of the form module, and linked objects are references from a form module to a linked source file.
28 What is the difference between boiler plat images and image items?
Boiler plate Images are static images (Either vector or bit map) that you import from the file system or database to use a graphical elements in your form, such as company logos and maps. Image items are special types of interface controls that store and display either vector or bitmap images. Like other items that store values, image items can be either base table items(items that relate directly to database columns) or control items. The definition of an image item is stored as part of the form module FMB and FMX files, but no image file is actually associated with an image item until the item is populate at run time.
29 What is the difference between $$DATE$$ & $$DBDATE$$ $$DBDATE$$ retrieves the current database date $$date$$ retrieves the current operating system date.
30 What is the diff. when Flex mode is mode on and when it is off?
When flex mode is on, reports automatically resizes the parent when the child is resized.
31 What is the diff. when confine mode is on and when it is off?
When confine mode is on, an object cannot be moved outside its parent in the layout.
32 What is the diff. bet. setting up of parameters in reports 2.0 reports 2.5?
LOVs can be attached to parameters in the reports 2.5 parameter form.
33 What is the advantage of the library?
Libraries provide a convenient means of storing client-side program units and sharing them among multiple applications. Once you create a library, you can attach it to any other form, menu, or library modules. When you can call library program units from triggers menu items commands and user named routine, you write in the modules to which you have attach the library. When a library attaches another library, program units in the first library can reference program units in the attached library. Library support dynamic loading-that is library program units are loaded into an application only when needed. This can significantly reduce the run-time memory requirements of applications.
34 What is term?
The term is terminal definition file that describes the terminal form which you are using r20run.
35 What is system.coordination_operation?
It represents the coordination causing event that occur on the master block in master-detail relation.
36 What is synchronize?
It is a terminal screen with the internal state of the form. It updates the screen display to reflect the information that oracle forms has in its internal representation of the screen.
37 What is strip sources generate options?
Removes the source code from the library file and generates a library files that contains only pcode. The resulting file can be used for final deployment, but can not be subsequently edited in the designer. ex. f45gen module=old_lib.pll userid=scott/tiger strip_source YES output_file
38 What is relation between the window and canvas views?
Canvas views are the back ground objects on which you place the interface items (Text items), check boxes, radio groups etc.,) and boilerplate objects (boxes, lines, images etc.,) that operators interact with us they run your form . Each canvas views displayed in a window.
39 What is pop list?
The pop list style list item appears initially as a single field (similar to a text item field). When the operator selects the list icon, a list of available choices appears.
40 What is new_form built-in?
When one form invokes another form by executing new_form oracle form exits the first form and releases its memory before loading the new form calling new form completely replace the first with the second. If there are changes pending in the first form, the operator will be prompted to save them before the new form is loaded.
41 What is lexical reference? How can it be created?
Lexical reference is place_holder for text that can be embedded in a sql statements. A lexical reference can be created using & before the column or parameter name.
42 What is forms_DDL?
Issues dynamic Sql statements at run time, including server side pl/SQl and DDL
43 What is difference between open_form and call_form?
when one form invokes another form by executing open_form the first form remains displayed, and operators can navigate between the forms as desired. when one form invokes another form by executing call_form, the called form is modal with respect to the calling form. That is, any windows that belong to the calling form are disabled, and operators cannot navigate to them until they first exit the called form.
44 What is bind reference and how can it be created?
Bind reference are used to replace the single value in sql, pl/sql statements a bind reference can be created using a (:) before a column or a parameter name.
45 What is an user exit used for?
A way in which to pass control (and possibly arguments ) form Oracle report to another Oracle products of 3 GL and then return control ( and ) back to Oracle reports.
46 What is an OLE?
Object Linking & Embedding provides you with the capability to integrate objects from many Ms-Windows applications into a single compound document creating integrated applications enables you to use the features form .
47 What is an object group?
An object group is a container for a group of objects; you define an object group when you want to package related objects, so that you copy or reference them in other modules.
48 What is an anchoring object & what is its use?
An anchoring object is a print condition object which used to explicitly or implicitly anchor other objects to itself.
49 What is a User_exit?
Calls the user exit named in the user_exit_string. Invokes a 3Gl program by name which has been properly linked into your current oracle forms executable.
50 What is a timer?
Timer is an "internal time clock" that you can programmatically create to perform an action each time the timer expires.
51 What is a Text_io Package?
It allows you to read and write information to a file in the file system.
52 What is a text list?
The text list style list item appears as a rectangular box which displays the fixed number of values. When the text list contains values that can not be displayed, a vertical scroll bar appears, allowing the operator to view and select undisplayed values.
53 What is a property clause?
A property clause is a named object that contains a list of properties and their settings. Once you create a property clause you can base other object on it. An object based on a property can inherit the setting of any property in the clause that makes sense for that object.
54 What is a physical page ? & What is a logical page ?
A physical page is a size of a page. That is output by the printer. The logical page is the size of one page of the actual report as seen in the Previewer.
55 What is a library?
A library is a collection of subprograms including user named procedures, functions and packages.
56 What is a difference between pre-select and pre-query?
Fires during the execute query and count query processing after oracle forms constructs the select statement to be issued, but before the statement is actually issued. The pre-query trigger fires just before oracle forms issues the select statement to the database after the operator as define the example records by entering the query criteria in enter query mode. Pre-query trigger fires before pre-select trigger.
57 What is a combo box?
A combo box style list item combines the features found in list and text item. Unlike the pop list or the text list style list items, the combo box style list item will both display fixed values and accept one operator entered value.
58 What does the term panel refer to with regard to pages?
A panel is the no. of physical pages needed to print one logical page.
59 What are visual attributes?
Visual attributes are the font, color, pattern proprieties that you set for form and menu objects that appear in your application interface.
60 What are three panes that appear in the run time pl/sql interpreter?
1.Source pane. 2. interpreter pane. 3. Navigator pane.
Regards
B RANGARAJAN -
This is on 10g.
V$BGPROCESS displays information about background processes
V$SESSION has some rows representing background processes.
What is the difference between two ?
Am I correct in understanding that ; v$bgprocess contains total allocated processes whereas, v$session represents total runtime processes on that instance?
That being said, for example, if there are 10 sessions, all 10 sessions will have same number of bacground processes. Is that true?
To explain further, say if v$session displays DBW0 and DBW1, it means two instance of DBWR processes are running for this instance. But if v$bgprocess has DBW0.. DBW9 processes, that means, you can maximum have 9 DBWR processes on that instance.
Please concur if above is correct.
Thanks
R
tit gives 157 rows, but in production it gives only 70 rows. Does this mean that maximum number of bg processes allowed are less on prod box than dev box?Your production database has 70 BG process, so its showing you this value.
The BG process can differ instance to instance, such as ARCH process, if archiving is enable for an instance, then you will have this one from your query, and you will not have this one where the archiving is not enabled.
You can set the PROCESSES parameter in DB, there is no parameter relate to BG process solely.
you would have the value of PADDR=00 for the inactive BG processes.
Those BG processes are active will have a value of PADDR which is the address of the process state object.
Look at below :
you will find that PADDR !='00' from v$bgprocess retrieve the same columns as querying the v$process and v$session by joining and have the PADDR=value/not 00, that is the active BG processes
SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf
1 select a.name,a.paddr,b.program,b.status,b.user#,b.username
2 from v$bgprocess a
3 join v$session b
4* on (a.paddr = b.paddr)
SQL> /
NAME PADDR PROGRAM STATUS USER# USERNAME
MMNL 2ECF1944 ORACLE.EXE (MMNL) ACTIVE 0
MMON 2ECF14C4 ORACLE.EXE (MMON) ACTIVE 0
QMNC 2ECF0744 ORACLE.EXE (QMNC) ACTIVE 0
CJQ0 2ECEF0C4 ORACLE.EXE (CJQ0) ACTIVE 0
RECO 2ECEEC44 ORACLE.EXE (RECO) ACTIVE 0
SMON 2ECEE7C4 ORACLE.EXE (SMON) ACTIVE 0
CKPT 2ECEE344 ORACLE.EXE (CKPT) ACTIVE 0
LGWR 2ECEDEC4 ORACLE.EXE (LGWR) ACTIVE 0
DBW0 2ECEDA44 ORACLE.EXE (DBW0) ACTIVE 0
MMAN 2ECED5C4 ORACLE.EXE (MMAN) ACTIVE 0
PMON 2ECED144 ORACLE.EXE (PMON) ACTIVE 0
11 rows selected.
SQL> select * from v$bgprocess where paddr!=00;
select * from v$bgprocess where paddr!=00
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00932: inconsistent datatypes: expected BINARY got NUMBER
SQL> select * from v$bgprocess where paddr!='00';
PADDR PSERIAL# NAME DESCRIPTION ERROR
2ECED144 1 PMON process cleanup ##########
2ECED5C4 1 MMAN Memory Manager ##########
2ECEDA44 1 DBW0 db writer process 0 ##########
2ECEDEC4 1 LGWR Redo etc. ##########
2ECEE344 1 CKPT checkpoint ##########
2ECEE7C4 1 SMON System Monitor Process ##########
2ECEEC44 1 RECO distributed recovery ##########
2ECEF0C4 1 CJQ0 Job Queue Coordinator ##########
2ECF0744 1 QMNC AQ Coordinator ##########
2ECF14C4 1 MMON Manageability Monitor Process ##########
2ECF1944 1 MMNL Manageability Monitor Process 2 ##########
11 rows selected. -
Differences between ANSI SQL and Oracle 8/9
Hallo,
i'm looking for good online texts or books concerning the problem "Differences between ANSI SQL and different database implementations (ORACLE, Informix, MySQL...)" I want to check a program written in C (with ESQL) that works with an Informix-DB. In this code i want to find code that is specific to the Informix-DB. I want to change the database, so all the code should be independent from a DB. Does anybody know texts or books concerning this problem?
thx
Marco SeumBasically there is syntax difference between both of them.
Lets say i want to join two table EMP and DEPT based on DEPTNO.
With Oracle SQL format its like this.
select e.*
from emp e, dept d
where e.deptno = d.deptnoHere the joining condition goes in the WHERE clause.
With ANSI SQL format its like this.
select e.*
from emp e
join dept d
on e.deptno = d.deptnoHere the join condition is mentioned separately and not in WHERE clause.
Oracle supports ANSI SQL starting from 9i version.
You can read more about the syntax difference Here -
RMAN-10006: error running SQL statement: alter session set remote_dependenc
Backups are failing with following error
RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed
RMAN-12001: could not open channel default
RMAN-10008: could not create channel context
RMAN-10002: ORACLE error: ORA-00096: invalid value SIGNATURE for parameter remote_dependencies_mode, must be from among MANUAL, AUTO
RMAN-10006: error running SQL statement: alter session set remote_dependencies_mode = signature
Not able to change to signature
SQL> alter session set remote_dependencies_mode=signature;
ERROR:
ORA-00096: invalid value SIGNATURE for parameter remote_dependencies_mode, must
be from among MANUAL, AUTO
I dont see MANUAL or AUTO as valid value for this parameter (http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B10501_01/server.920/a96536/ch1175.htm#1023124) DB version is 9.2.0
Parameter type
String
Syntax
REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE = {TIMESTAMP | SIGNATURE}
Default value
TIMESTAMP
Parameter class
Dynamic: ALTER SESSION, ALTER SYSTEM
=======================================
I believe it could be because of following bug
"A PRE-PATCHED ORACLE IMAGE CAN BE INSTALLED IN MEMORY "
Refer: "https://metalink2.oracle.com/metalink/plsql/f?p=130:15:1613505143885559758::::p15_database_id,p15_docid,p15_show_header,p15_show_help,p15_black_frame,p15_font:BUG,4610411,1,1,1,helvetica"
I appreciate your effort in fixing this issue.
Edited by: user10610722 on Nov 25, 2008 4:37 PMHi:
It seems when you are starting RMAN it's executing some commands (one 'ALTER SESSION...'. It's seems to be a batch which has a bad value for SORT_AREA_SIZE. Find it and modify to a proper value as message shows. If you can't find start RMAN by calling directly the executable ($ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman or %ORACLE_HOME%/bin/rman.exe). -
What is Difference between ANSI SQL and ORACLE SQL
Hi,
I am going to take the assesment test for ANSI SQL Programming before that i want to know any difference between ANSI SQL and ORACLE SQL?
I am studying for SQL but the test will be ANSI SQL please let me give an idea about the both.
Thanks
Merina RoslinBasically there is syntax difference between both of them.
Lets say i want to join two table EMP and DEPT based on DEPTNO.
With Oracle SQL format its like this.
select e.*
from emp e, dept d
where e.deptno = d.deptnoHere the joining condition goes in the WHERE clause.
With ANSI SQL format its like this.
select e.*
from emp e
join dept d
on e.deptno = d.deptnoHere the join condition is mentioned separately and not in WHERE clause.
Oracle supports ANSI SQL starting from 9i version.
You can read more about the syntax difference Here -
Clarification in V$SQL and V$sqlarea
Hi Gurus, I have a clarification in V$SQL and V$sqlarea. Is it possible to get the entire set of SQL commands that are executed or run for particular session irrespective of the number of commands that are executed during the session. And can this result be got in a text file.
thanks in advance.Hello,
with execute dbms_system.set_sql_trace_in_session(session_id, serial_id, {True | False}) you can activate SQL tracing for a specific session. SQL Trace will generate a trace file in udump. With TKPROF you can format the output.
If you want to trace your session: ALTER SESSION SET SQL_TRACE = TRUE
regards,
juergen_klinsmann -
Cross database join Oracle - SQL server date column - nQSError: 46008
Hi,
I am using OBIEE 10.1.3.4.2 and
I am able to make cross database join between Oracle and SQL server using varchar columns, but I am getting this error:
nQSError:22024-A comparison is being carried out between noncompatible type when I try to make "foreign key" join between two tables (one from Oracle, second from SQL Server) using number columns (INT, DOUBLE...). It is strange, but I when I make "complex join" on physical layer no error is thrown and everything works fine.
But I am not able to make join between tables using Date column. Column in Oracle table has DATE datatype, column in SQL server tables has datetimeoffset(7) datatype (example: 2011-07-19 13:14:22.2032605 +02:00). So I tried to cast datetimeoffset(7) to date datatype using "convert(DATE,HappenedOn,120)" - this returns me 2011-07-19 . In this format, BI can show converted date column, I can make filter using this date column, but I am not able to make physical join with Oracle table using this column
Answer using data from both joined tables gives me this error:
[nQSError: 46008] Internal error: File .\DataType\SUKeyCompare.cpp, line 875. (HY000)
Do you have some tips, how to solve this "bug"?Parse the command column to get the SSIS package file name may be your only option here.
-
There is one app that opens a lot of sessions to a database and never closed for that app. At some point, there are 100 connections.
1) My question is, what happens when the user(s) closes out the application? Currently, it looks like the sessions remain open even after the user(s) exits the app. I executed
SP_WHO2 and the sessions are still there.
2) I am able to execute KILL spid to end the sessions. However, I was wondering if the server's Remote query timeout
settings will kill it? For now, it looks like it did; but, I just want to confirm that it is the
Remote query timeout that killed those sessions.
ThanksThere is one app that opens a lot of sessions to a database and never closed for that app. At some point, there are 100 connections.
1) My question is, what happens when the user(s) closes out the application? Currently, it looks like the sessions remain open even after the user(s) exits the app. I executed
SP_WHO2 and the sessions are still there.
2) I am able to execute KILL spid to end the sessions. However, I was wondering if the server's Remote query timeout
settings will kill it? For now, it looks like it did; but, I just want to confirm that it is the
Remote query timeout that killed those sessions.
Thanks
For point 1. My recomendation is to communication with application team to review the source code and close all database connection once the operation is completed or the application is closed. Or they use connection pooling method. Such sessions
are created due to poor programming standard at the application level.
For point 2. My recomendation here is not to kill a spid which are in Running/Background status without prior informing to application team. This may break the consistency of information stored in the database due to incomplete transaction. Remote
query timeout has nothing to do with incoming queries received by database engine.
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177457(v=sql.105).aspx
Regards, RSingh -
Adpatch: Error running SQL and EXEC commands in parallel
Hi
I am applying R12 RUP2 to an instance at the moment. I had an OS crash (I'm running R12 on Linux on VMWARE) and on reboot attempted to restart the patch.
I now get an error as follows:
Error running SQL and EXEC commands in parallel
I must admit, I'm not a DBA, so if anyone has any ideas or has seen this before then it would be most appreciated!
Thanks
ChrisHi Adith
The patch is 5484000, RUP 2 for E-Business Suite R12
Here's the adpatch output:
Start date: Wed Sep 12 2007 15:15:14
0 "left over" javaupdates.txt files uploaded to DB: Wed Sep 12 2007 15:15:14
0 patches uploaded from the ADPSV format patch history files: Wed Sep 12 2007 15:15:14
Uploading information about files copied during the previous runs ...
0 "left over" filescopied_<session_id>.txt files uploaded to DB: Wed Sep 12 2007 15:15:14
****************** E N D O F U P L O A D ******************
End date: Wed Sep 12 2007 15:15:14
Already asked for the name of the patch directory.
(The answer was: /oracle/patches/5484000)
Already asked for the name of the patch driver file.
(The answer was: /oracle/patches/5484000/u5484000.drv)
Reading release list save file...
Done reading release list save file
Log and Info File sync point:
Wed Sep 12 2007 15:15:15
Turning off actions that reference unrecognized products.
Log and Info File sync point:
Wed Sep 12 2007 15:15:15
End of unrecognized products checking.
(The number of parallel workers is: " 2 ")
AutoPatch will run in parallel mode.
Did not need to apply new applterr.txt.
Skipping...
Determine directories to create for Specified driver
since no such action is present for this driver file
Skipping...
Determine Oracle Reports libraries to generate for Specified driver
since no such action is present for this driver file
Skipping...
Determine if need to generate message files for Specified driver
since no such action is present for this driver file
Skipping...
Create Directories for Specified driver
since no such action is present for this driver file
Number of invalid objects: 31057
Running SQL scripts and EXEC commands...
Determining which SQL and EXEC commands to run...
Validating PL/SQL direct execute exceptions file ...
Done validating PL/SQL direct execute exceptions file.
SERVICE_NAME/INSTANCE_NAME : [VIS]
connect_string : [(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=ebusr12.chriseebee.me.uk)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=VIS)))]
Done determining which SQL and EXEC commands to run.
Running SQL and EXEC commands in parallel...
Creating the AD_UTIL_PARAMS table...
Table AD_UTIL_PARAMS already exists, so dropping the table and recreating it.
Creating FND_INSTALL_PROCESSES table...
Already created fnd_install_processes table
Already created FND_INSTALL_PROCESSES_U1 index.
Already created AD_DEFERRED_JOBS table
Already created AD_DEFERRED_JOBS_U1 index.
Writing dependencies of jobs to run to appldep.txt file...
There are now 7569 jobs remaining (current phase=A0):
0 running, 5 ready to run and 7564 waiting.
Reading completed jobs from restart file (if any).
There are now 3474 jobs remaining (current phase=A18):
0 running, 1 ready to run and 3473 waiting.
Determining which java executables are supported by adJavaWorker...
Starting worker processes.
Worker process 1 started.
Worker process 2 started.
Checking if all jobs have their actual and symbolic arguments in sync....
Done.
Writing jobs to run to restart file.
Reading jobs from FND_INSTALL_PROCESSES table ...
Running: file adobjcmp.sql on worker 1 for product ad username APPLSYS.
AutoPatch error:
The worker should not have status 'Running' or 'Restarted' at this point.
Telling workers to quit...
************* Start of AD Worker session *************
AD Worker version: 12.0.0
AD Worker started at: Wed Sep 12 2007 15:15:34
APPL_TOP is set to /oracle/VIS/apps/apps_st/appl
************* Start of AD Worker session *************
AD Worker version: 12.0.0
AD Worker started at: Wed Sep 12 2007 15:15:34
APPL_TOP is set to /oracle/VIS/apps/apps_st/appl
All workers have quit.
AutoPatch error:
Error running SQL and EXEC commands in parallel
You should check the file
/oracle/VIS/apps/apps_st/appl/admin/VIS/log/adpatch.log
for errors.
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