Many to many relationships between Fact and Dimension

Hi All,
I have to solve two kind of many to many relationships between Fact and Dimension.
1. Many to Many relationship between Fact and Dimension, using a bridge table, with FKs in fact and dimension to bridge tables PK.
2. Many to Many relationship between Fact and Dimension, using a bridge table, and an intersection table, with FK in fact to bridge table, and 2 FKs in intersection table to Dimension and to bridge table.
I need help on implementing (how the mapping has to look like) them in OWB 9.2.0.2.8.
Thanks,
Aurelian Cojocaru

Aurelian,
Unfortunately, you cannot implement this in the dimensional model. You would have to use relational tables and relationships between those in order to implement your scenario.
Thanks,
Mark.

Similar Messages

How to design many to many relationship in the fact and dimension

There is a problem in my project what is the subject.And i wanna know how to implement in owb.I use the warehouse builder 10. Thanks.

You may design and load whatever db model you want to.
But If you set a unique key, you may find some integrity issues. I wouldn't do a many to many relationship between facts and dimensions. This could cause you lots of headaches when users start to submit queries using this tables. You'll probably face performance issues.
Regards,
Marcos

How to have fact and dimension which are not joined in same report

Hi All,
suppose we have 2 dimensions and 1 of them is joined to fact but we want to pull both these dimensions along with fact and fact column shows null but we dont want that .how can we have 2nd dimension which is not joined to fact in the same report .Actually i have a column called equipment schedueled time and it can be shown only with equipment dimension but I want to pull both equipment,geography and equipment scheduled time in report if I do it now it shows equipment scheduled time as null because its not joined with geography dimension.I want even if the geography dimension exists it should show the value of equipment scheduled time .
Can someone please help me.
Thanks in Advance

Hi ,
Can you please tell me what are fact and dimension tables of your requirement.If you want display the data from 2 dims and a fact table ,you have to establish the joins between facts and dimensions.
mark if helpful/correct...
thanks,
prassu

Many to many relationship between category and category set?

Is there a many to many relationship between category
and category sets in Inventory mgmt?
I mean, one category can exist in many category sets
and one category set can have many categories, is that true?

Is there a many to many relationship between category
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Fact and dimension table relationship?

hi
in se38 i executed this program sap_infocube_designs
i got all cubes and percentage , this is directly fact and dimension table relationship based on this i need to take action is it line item dimension or high cardinality (dimen>20% fact line, dimen>10<20 fact is high cardinality.
regards
suneel.

hi,
line item has to be choosen in such a way to control the dim table size for the char that have almost large unique records.
Line item dim table will not be shown by this program.
Ramesh

Fact and dimension table partition

My team is implementing new data-warehouse. I would like to know that when should we plan to do partition of fact and dimension table, before data comes in or after?

Hi,
It is recommended to partition Fact table (Where we will have huge data). Automate the partition so that each day it will create a new partition to hold latest data (Split the previous partition into 2). Best practice is to create partition on transaction
timestamps so load the incremental data into a empty table called (Table_IN) and then Switch that data into main table (Table). Make sure your tables (Table and Table_IN) should be on one file group.
Refer below content for detailed info
Designing and Administrating Partitions in SQL Server 2012
A popular method of better managing large and active tables and indexes is the use of partitioning. Partitioning is a feature for segregating I/O workload within
SQL Server database so that I/O can be better balanced against available I/O subsystems while providing better user response time, lower I/O latency, and faster backups and recovery. By partitioning tables and indexes across multiple filegroups, data retrieval
and management is much quicker because only subsets of the data are used, meanwhile ensuring that the integrity of the database as a whole remains intact.
Tip
Partitioning is typically used for administrative or certain I/O performance scenarios. However, partitioning can also speed up some queries by enabling
lock escalation to a single partition, rather than to an entire table. You must allow lock escalation to move up to the partition level by setting it with either the Lock Escalation option of Database Options page in SSMS or by using the LOCK_ESCALATION option
of the ALTER TABLE statement.
After a table or index is partitioned, data is stored horizontally across multiple filegroups, so groups of data are mapped to individual partitions. Typical
scenarios for partitioning include large tables that become very difficult to manage, tables that are suffering performance degradation because of excessive I/O or blocking locks, table-centric maintenance processes that exceed the available time for maintenance,
and moving historical data from the active portion of a table to a partition with less activity.
Partitioning tables and indexes warrants a bit of planning before putting them into production. The usual approach to partitioning a table or index follows these
steps:
1. Create
the filegroup(s) and file(s) used to hold the partitions defined by the partitioning scheme.
2. Create
a partition function to map the rows of the table or index to specific partitions based on the values in a specified column. A very common partitioning function is based on the creation date of the record.
3. Create
a partitioning scheme to map the partitions of the partitioned table to the specified filegroup(s) and, thereby, to specific locations on the Windows file system.
4. Create
the table or index (or ALTER an existing table or index) by specifying the partition scheme as the storage location for the partitioned object.
Although Transact-SQL commands are available to perform every step described earlier, the Create Partition Wizard makes the entire process quick and easy through
an intuitive point-and-click interface. The next section provides an overview of using the Create Partition Wizard in SQL Server 2012, and an example later in this section shows the Transact-SQL commands.
Leveraging the Create Partition Wizard to Create Table and Index Partitions
The Create Partition Wizard can be used to divide data in large tables across multiple filegroups to increase performance and can be invoked by right-clicking
any table or index, selecting Storage, and then selecting Create Partition. The first step is to identify which columns to partition by reviewing all the columns available in the Available Partitioning Columns section located on the Select a Partitioning Column
dialog box, as displayed in Figure 3.13. This screen also includes additional options such as the following:
Figure 3.13. Selecting a partitioning column.
The next screen is called Select a Partition Function. This page is used for specifying the partition function where the data will be partitioned. The options
include using an existing partition or creating a new partition. The subsequent page is called New Partition Scheme. Here a DBA will conduct a mapping of the rows selected of tables being partitioned to a desired filegroup. Either a new partition scheme should
be used or a new one needs to be created. The final screen is used for doing the actual mapping. On the Map Partitions page, specify the partitions to be used for each partition and then enter a range for the values of the partitions. The
ranges and settings on the grid include the following:
Note
By opening the Set Boundary Values dialog box, a DBA can set boundary values based on dates (for example, partition everything in a column after a specific
date). The data types are based on dates.
Designing table and index partitions is a DBA task that typically requires a joint effort with the database development team. The DBA must have a strong understanding
of the database, tables, and columns to make the correct choices for partitioning. For more information on partitioning, review Books Online.
Enhancements to Partitioning in SQL Server 2012
SQL Server 2012 now supports as many as 15,000 partitions. When using more than 1,000 partitions, Microsoft recommends that the instance of SQL Server have at
least 16Gb of available memory. This recommendation particularly applies to partitioned indexes, especially those that are not aligned with the base table or with the clustered index of the table. Other Data Manipulation Language statements (DML) and Data
Definition Language statements (DDL) may also run short of memory when processing on a large number of partitions.
Certain DBCC commands may take longer to execute when processing a large number of partitions. On the other hand, a few DBCC commands can be scoped to the partition
level and, if so, can be used to perform their function on a subset of data in the partitioned table.
Queries may also benefit from a new query engine enhancement called partition elimination. SQL Server uses partition enhancement automatically if it is available.
Here’s how it works. Assume a table has four partitions, with all the data for customers whose names begin with R, S, or T in the third partition. If a query’s WHERE clause
filters on customer name looking for ‘System%’, the query engine knows that it needs only to partition three to answer
the request. Thus, it might greatly reduce I/O for that query. On the other hand, some queries might take longer if there are more than 1,000 partitions and the query is not able to perform partition elimination.
Finally, SQL Server 2012 introduces some changes and improvements to the algorithms used to calculate partitioned index statistics. Primarily, SQL Server 2012
samples rows in a partitioned index when it is created or rebuilt, rather than scanning all available rows. This may sometimes result in somewhat different query behavior compared to the same queries running on SQL Server 2012.
Administrating Data Using Partition Switching
Partitioning is useful to access and manage a subset of data while losing none of the integrity of the entire data set. There is one limitation, though. When
a partition is created on an existing table, new data is added to a specific partition or to the default partition if none is specified. That means the default partition might grow unwieldy if it is left unmanaged. (This concept is similar to how a clustered
index needs to be rebuilt from time to time to reestablish its fill factor setting.)
Switching partitions is a fast operation because no physical movement of data takes place. Instead, only the metadata pointers to the physical data are altered.
You can alter partitions using SQL Server Management Studio or with the ALTER TABLE...SWITCH
Transact-SQL statement. Both options enable you to ensure partitions are
well maintained. For example, you can transfer subsets of data between partitions, move tables between partitions, or combine partitions together. Because the ALTER TABLE...SWITCH statement
does not actually move the data, a few prerequisites must be in place:
• Partitions must use the same column when switching between two partitions.
• The source and target table must exist prior to the switch and must be on the same filegroup, along with their corresponding indexes,
index partitions, and indexed view partitions.
• The target partition must exist prior to the switch, and it must be empty, whether adding a table to an existing partitioned table
or moving a partition from one table to another. The same holds true when moving a partitioned table to a nonpartitioned table structure.
• The source and target tables must have the same columns in identical order with the same names, data types, and data type attributes
(length, precision, scale, and nullability). Computed columns must have identical syntax, as well as primary key constraints. The tables must also have the same settings for ANSI_NULLS and QUOTED_IDENTIFIER properties.
Clustered and nonclustered indexes must be identical. ROWGUID properties
and XML schemas must match. Finally, settings for in-row data storage must also be the same.
• The source and target tables must have matching nullability on the partitioning column. Although both NULL and NOT
NULL are supported, NOT
NULL is strongly recommended.
Likewise, the ALTER TABLE...SWITCH statement
will not work under certain circumstances:
• Full-text indexes, XML indexes, and old-fashioned SQL Server rules are not allowed (though CHECK constraints
are allowed).
• Tables in a merge replication scheme are not allowed. Tables in a transactional replication scheme are allowed with special caveats.
Triggers are allowed on tables but must not fire during the switch.
• Indexes on the source and target table must reside on the same partition as the tables themselves.
• Indexed views make partition switching difficult and have a lot of extra rules about how and when they can be switched. Refer to
the SQL Server Books Online if you want to perform partition switching on tables containing indexed views.
• Referential integrity can impact the use of partition switching. First, foreign keys on other tables cannot reference the source
table. If the source table holds the primary key, it cannot have a primary or foreign key relationship with the target table. If the target table holds the foreign key, it cannot have a primary or foreign key relationship with the source table.
In summary, simple tables can easily accommodate partition switching. The more complexity a source or target table exhibits, the more likely that careful planning
and extra work will be required to even make partition switching possible, let alone efficient.
Here’s an example where we create a partitioned table using a previously created partition scheme, called Date_Range_PartScheme1.
We then create a new, nonpartitioned table identical to the partitioned table residing on the same filegroup. We finish up switching the data from the partitioned table into the nonpartitioned table:
CREATE TABLE TransactionHistory_Partn1 (Xn_Hst_ID int, Xn_Type char(10)) ON Date_Range_PartScheme1 (Xn_Hst_ID) ; GO CREATE TABLE TransactionHistory_No_Partn (Xn_Hst_ID int, Xn_Type
char(10)) ON main_filegroup ; GO ALTER TABLE TransactionHistory_Partn1 SWITCH partition1 TO TransactionHistory_No_Partn; GO
The next section shows how to use a more sophisticated, but very popular, approach to partition switching called a sliding
window partition.
Example and Best Practices for Managing Sliding Window Partitions
Assume that our AdventureWorks business is booming. The sales staff, and by extension the AdventureWorks2012 database, is very busy. We noticed over time that
the TransactionHistory table is very active as sales transactions are first entered and are still very active over their first month in the database. But the older the transactions are, the less activity they see. Consequently, we’d like to automatically group
transactions into four partitions per year, basically containing one quarter of the year’s data each, in a rolling partitioning. Any transaction older than one year will be purged or archived.
The answer to a scenario like the preceding one is called a sliding window partition because
we are constantly loading new data in and sliding old data over, eventually to be purged or archived. Before you begin, you must choose either a LEFT partition function window or a RIGHT partition function window:
1. How
data is handled varies according to the choice of LEFT or RIGHT partition function window:
• With a LEFT strategy, partition1 holds the oldest data (Q4 data), partition2 holds data that is 6- to 9-months old (Q3), partition3
holds data that is 3- to 6-months old (Q2), and partition4 holds recent data less than 3-months old.
• With a RIGHT strategy, partition4 holds the holds data (Q4), partition3 holds Q3 data, partition2 holds Q2 data, and partition1
holds recent data.
• Following the best practice, make sure there are empty partitions on both the leading edge (partition0) and trailing edge (partition5)
of the partition.
• RIGHT range functions usually make more sense to most people because it is natural for most people to to start ranges at their lowest
value and work upward from there.
2. Assuming
that a RIGHT partition function windows is used, we first use the SPLIT subclause of the ALTER PARTITION FUNCTIONstatement
to split empty partition5 into two empty partitions, 5 and 6.
3. We
use the SWITCH subclause
of ALTER TABLE to
switch out partition4 to a staging table for archiving or simply to drop and purge the data. Partition4 is now empty.
4. We
can then use MERGE to
combine the empty partitions 4 and 5, so that we’re back to the same number of partitions as when we started. This way, partition3 becomes the new partition4, partition2 becomes the new partition3, and partition1 becomes the new partition2.
5. We
can use SWITCH to
push the new quarter’s data into the spot of partition1.
Tip
Use the $PARTITION system
function to determine where a partition function places values within a range of partitions.
Some best practices to consider for using a slide window partition include the following:
• Load newest data into a heap, and then add indexes after the load is finished. Delete oldest data or, when working with very large
data sets, drop the partition with the oldest data.
• Keep an empty staging partition at the leftmost and rightmost ends of the partition range to ensure that the partitions split when
loading in new data, and merge, after unloading old data, do not cause data movement.
• Do not split or merge a partition already populated with data because this can cause severe locking and explosive log growth.
• Create the load staging table in the same filegroup as the partition you are loading.
• Create the unload staging table in the same filegroup as the partition you are deleting.
• Don’t load a partition until its range boundary is met. For example, don’t create and load a partition meant to hold data that is
one to two months older before the current data has aged one month. Instead, continue to allow the latest partition to accumulate data until the data is ready for a new, full partition.
• Unload one partition at a time.
• The ALTER TABLE...SWITCH statement
issues a schema lock on the entire table. Keep this in mind if regular transactional activity is still going on while a table is being partitioned.
Thanks Shiven:) If Answer is Helpful, Please Vote

How to design fact and dimension tables

Hi Team,
Please provide me some useful links!!
I have a Parent & Child table each has around 8 Million records (1 to many relation). These two tables need relation with many other master tables to generate any report.
I want to desing a fact and dimension(s) for this parent & Child tables.
Please help me what are the things I have to keep in mind when desingning datawarehouse fact and dimension tables?
Thanks,
Ali

Hi, any update on this?

Facts and dimensions joins

Hi,
Can we use three fact tables in rpd and not join them? We have three facts and four dimensions. All the four are common dimensions to the three fact tables. So in the physical joins can we just join the facts to the dimensions? will it be accepatble if we do not have a join between fact tables. Is it necessary that all the tables (fact and dimensions) need to be joined to some tabler? Can we leave the joins between the facts which are not necessary? Please advice.

We do not do joins between fact tables, the joins between facts will be happened through dimensions (conformed dimensions).
In your case the 4 dimension will act as an conformed one.
Is it necessary that all the tables (fact and dimensions) need to be joined to some tabler? You cannot have a table in BMM which is not joined to any other table.
Can we leave the joins between the facts which are not necessary?Yes, Dim1 - fact1 -Dim 2 in this fact 1 is connected with Dim1, Dim2 and there is no relationship for fact1 with Dim3 so we don't join it.
Dim1,Dim2,Dim3 is joined with fact2 in this case Dim 1 and Dim2 will act as conformed dimesion between fact1 and fact2, where as dim3 will be a non conformed dimesion.
Thanks,
Vino

Fact and Dimension vs Normalization

I have a huge chunk of table with some columns and massive amount of data.I want to automate the entire system hence I need to modify the arrangement of the table.I have 2 options: 1) Arrange it into fact and dimension tables. and 2) Normalize the table,which already is in 2NF,to 3NF.
Need help in getting to know which of the options is better and some case studies supporting the decision. Thank You...

I would say it is a matter of concept. Mainly depending upon how the data is modified.
In an OLTP environment you would use 3rd NF.
In an DWH environment you would use a denormalized dimension table (cube) + fact tables.
Many single rows updates, parallel user DML = OLTP
Large bulk inserts/Deletes, (almost) no updates, mostly select access = DWH

Facts and dimension tables in BMM layer

HI Experts,
i have one doubts that is.... i have 7 Fact and 20 dimension tables in my current project ( this is mine first project ) how can i join these tables in BMM layer...
Regard's
Harish

Harish,
Just explicitly mentioning # of facts and dimensions won't fetch you any help. Extract a simple business scenario containing a fact and dimension tables.
e.g.
1. firstly, how many of the fact tables built are associated with different subject areas?
2. of the fact tables belonging to each subject areas, how many of them are aggregate tables?
3. if step 1 is not true, do they have conformed dimensions to access? <-- a caveat exists which your user MUST definitely know.
4. are there any partitions?
5. are they aggregate or summarized tables?
etc,....
based on which your modelling will start.
-bifacts :-)
http://www.obinotes.com

What is the relationship between BASIS and XI?

what is the relationship between BASIS and XI?
whether we have to acquire knowlege to explore BASIS for XI

HI Gabriel
BASIS is the administration of SAP system, BASIS team will be responsible for installation, maintenance, transport, authorizations in the SAP system.Taking care of the Server in all the situation,applying Support Packages, patches,fixes, Monotioring the Jobs.Participate in requirements gathering, assessment, design, configuration and testing activities for SAP security and other issues
XI is also a middleware.
The work of XI Basis starts from installation of XI server and it inculdes many system related things such as Installing Adapter framework, Maintaining RFC connections, Roles and Authorization, Updating Patches etc....
Check this link on Management of XI and go through it completely. You will ahve clear idea about the role performed by XI Administrator or XI Basis:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/a3/c6d931767dbb4d8a2696b9c72431a9/content.htm
Also refer this thread on XI Basis work:
Basis activites for XI
Cheers..
Vasu
<b>** Reward Points if found useful **</b>

Delete Fact and Dimension Tables

Hai All,
Small question! When deleting data from info cube, it asks whether to delete just Dimension table or both fact and Dimension tables.
What is the difference between these two?
Thank you.

Hi Visu,
The dimension table will contain the references to char value by way of SID and DIM ids, whereas the fact table will contain the number (of key figures). If you delete just the Fact table, the numbers go away, yet the DIM ids remain intact, so reload is faster. But if you are convinced that this data is not correct either, or you want a clean slate to strat reload again, then delete both Fact and Dim tables. Then when you reload, the DIM ids will be created again.
Hope this helps...

Best Practice - Outer Join between Fact and Dim table

Hi Gurus,
Need some advice on the below scenario
I have an OOTB subject area and we have around 50-60 reports based on it. The related subject area Fact and Dim1 table are having inner join.
Now I have a scenario for one report where outer join has to be implemented between Fact and Dim1. Here I am against changing the OOTB subject area join as the outer join will impact the performance of other 50-60 reports.
Can anyone provide any inputs on what is the best way to handle this scenario?
Thanks

Ok. I tried this:
Driving table : Fact, Left outer join -- didnt work.
Driving table: Dimension D left outer join -- didnt work either
In either the case, I see physical query as D left outer Join on Fact F. and omitting the rows.
And then I tried this -
Driving table: Fact, RIght outer join.
Now, this is giving me error:
Sybase][ODBC Driver]Internal Error. [nQSError: 16001] ODBC error state: 00000 code: 30128 message: [Sybase][ODBC Driver]Data overflow. Increase specified column size or buffer size. [nQSError: 16011] ODBC error occurred while executing SQLExtendedFetch to retrieve the results of a SQL statement. (HY000)
I checked all columns, everything matched with database table type and size.
I am pulling Fact.account number, Dimension.account name, Fact.Measures. I am seeing this error each time I pull Fact.Account number.

Join multiple facts and dimensions for reporting issue

Hi,
I have a report requirements and need to use multiple fact tables and unconformed dimensions as described below
Fact table: F1,F2,F3
Dimensions tables: D1.....D9
F1:(joined to) D1,D2,D3,D4
F2::(joined to)D1,D2,D5,D6
F3::(joined to)D1,D2,D7,D8
D7::(joined to)D9,D8 (dimension D7 joined to two other dimensions D9 and D8
I'm trying to use columns from almost all the fact and dimension tables but getting "Unable to navigate requested expression. Please fix the metadata consistency warnings."
Repository is consistent and no errors and warnings.
How can I configure the repository to develop reports using all fact tables and dimensions?
Appreciate for your help.
Thanks
Jay.

You can find the same issue in
Logic of queries in OBIEE
or
Connection between 2 fact tables
Follow the link
http://there-n-back-again.blogspot.com/2009/04/oracle-analytics-how-to-report-over-non.html
Put 'All' or 'Total' at levels for dim_xxx for those facts you need in your report from facta and factb
Regards
Nicolae

Fact and Dimension tables

Hi all,
Please let me know the relation between the fact and dimension table(s).
regards
chandra kanth.

Hi Chandra, it would be useful if you read a little bit about BI before start working with a BI tool.
Anyway, I'll try to help you.
A dimension is a structure that will be join to the fact table to so that users can analyze data from different point of views and levels. The fact table will most probably (not always) have data at the lowest possible level. So, let's suppose you have SALES data for different cities in a country (USA). Your fact table will be:
CITY --- SalesValue
Miami --- 100
NYC --- 145
Los Angeles --- 135 (because Arnold is not managing the State very well ;-) )
You will then can have a Dimension table with the "Country" structure. This is, a table containing the different cities along with their states, counties, and finally the country. So your dimension table would look like:
NATION --- STATE --- COUNTY --- CITY
USA --- Florida --- Miami --- Miami
USA --- NY ---- NY --- NYC
USA --- Los Angeles --- LA --- Los Angeles
This dimension will allow you to aggregate the data at dffirent lavels. This is, the user will not only be able to see data at the lowest level, but also at the County, State and Country level.
You will join your fact table (field CITY) with your dimension table (field CITY). The tool will then help you with the aggregation of the values.
Ihope this helps.
J.-

Many to many relationships between Fact and Dimension

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