No swap partition on 10g DB

I had a doubt that is a partition with the name 'swap' needs to exist on a 10g DB server for swap space to be used. My current 10g DB server does not have a partition with the name 'swap' explicitly. It has the following kind of structure.
[root@JispNewDB scripts]# df -kh
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p8 48G 12G 34G 26% /
/dev/cciss/c0d0p3 48G 22G 24G 49% /backup
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 99M 12M 83M 12% /boot
/dev/cciss/c0d0p2 191G 33G 149G 18% /crestel
none 4.0G 0 4.0G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/cciss/c0d0p9 24G 81M 23G 1% /home
/dev/cciss/c0d0p5 48G 6.6G 39G 15% /indexes
/dev/cciss/c0d0p7 48G 85M 46G 1% /tmp
/dev/cciss/c0d0p6 48G 32G 14G 70% /u01
Does, it mean that swap space will not be used in the system? There is 16 GB of swap space otherwise on the system.
I hope, my question is clear.
Please, help in solving the doubt.
regards

Is command free showing swap?
If You have linux, then You can execute
swapon -s - this will show all swap files or partition defined on system
look into /etc/fstabs as well to see is there defined swap partition.
fdisk -ls will show as well.
If above are showing swap - then You are using swap.

Similar Messages

[Solved]Can I install arch without a swap partition ?

I only have one primary partition free to install arch, with 3 primary partition and 1 extend partition, I have no other choice except install without swap partition.
Is there any suggestion? I will try it until I get a U storage to write .img in.
Last edited by sailor (2009-03-17 00:47:31)

Sure, it's perfectly possible to use any linux system without swap. including arch.
There are 2 ways to do disk partitioning in /arch/setup:
1) autoprepare. with this method, you pick a disk (a disk you want to use entirely). you will be asked some questions (including how big swap should be). this method will create the partitions with the sizes you mention (/boot, swap, / and /home) optionally you can add additional fs'es
2) manual. the installer can launch cfdisk for you if you need to alter partitions (if you want this), and after that you can define pretty much your stuff the way you like it (eg no swap) iirc. i'm not 100% sure though.
Frankly I don't understand why you say "I have no choice", if you don't have enough partitions, you can always create additional ones.

[SOLVED] Virtual Memory Exhausted with unused 16g Swap Partition.

Hello all, long time reader, first time poster. So basically what I'm running into is that I'm having Virtual Memory Exhausted errors with various programs even though I have a 16g swap partition mounted. I've manually enabled it to try it as well. Here's some outputs to give you an idea of how my system is set up. It's a UEFI fresh install, only a couple days old.
fstab:
# /etc/fstab: static file system information
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0
# /dev/sdb3
UUID=ea7a0311-6314-4215-b98d-7360552b28c4 / ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 1
# /dev/sdc3
UUID=8f6f2006-3a9c-4563-a149-547d758e2af1 /home ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 2
# /dev/sdb2
UUID=baf1ba80-ddf3-4cbb-a13e-b81a0af0a9e7 /boot ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 2
# /dev/sdb1
UUID=2B46-5340 /boot/efi vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro 0 2
# /dev/sdc1
UUID=4336d783-c289-4fbf-8c59-f1a1da782130 /var ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 2
# /dev/sdc2
UUID=96a60f08-a57f-42f1-80ff-846d02a29199 /var/log ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 2
# /dev/sda2
UUID=c5d5879a-b0e8-4976-8057-2f95975a1251 /share ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 2
# /dev/sdb4
UUID=6e6277c4-a69a-4838-83cd-c206959acf0e /store ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 2
#swap
UUID=21a56b10-85e5-48a1-91e5-995eae0dfba4 none swap defaults 0 0
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 16G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda2 8:2 0 915.5G 0 part /share
sdb 8:16 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 1G 0 part /boot/efi
├─sdb2 8:18 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sdb3 8:19 0 50G 0 part /
└─sdb4 8:20 0 879.5G 0 part /store
sdc 8:32 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sdc1 8:33 0 20G 0 part /var
├─sdc2 8:34 0 2G 0 part /var/log
└─sdc3 8:35 0 909.5G 0 part /home
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 12256600 kB
MemFree: 9926584 kB
Buffers: 212588 kB
Cached: 774636 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 1179860 kB
Inactive: 638584 kB
Active(anon): 831604 kB
Inactive(anon): 14480 kB
Active(file): 348256 kB
Inactive(file): 624104 kB
Unevictable: 4 kB
Mlocked: 4 kB
SwapTotal: 16777212 kB
SwapFree: 16777212 kB
Dirty: 32 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 831320 kB
Mapped: 196008 kB
Shmem: 14892 kB
Slab: 345008 kB
SReclaimable: 316620 kB
SUnreclaim: 28388 kB
KernelStack: 2616 kB
PageTables: 27032 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
WritebackTmp: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 22905512 kB
Committed_AS: 3365808 kB
VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed: 357936 kB
VmallocChunk: 34359373819 kB
HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 86016 kB
HugePages_Total: 0
HugePages_Free: 0
HugePages_Rsvd: 0
HugePages_Surp: 0
Hugepagesize: 2048 kB
DirectMap4k: 117756 kB
DirectMap2M: 4059136 kB
DirectMap1G: 8388608 kB
swapon -s
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/sda1 partition 16777212 0 -1
core file size (blocks, -c) 0
data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited
scheduling priority (-e) 20
file size (blocks, -f) unlimited
pending signals (-i) 94832
max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64
max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited
open files (-n) 1024
pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8
POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200
real-time priority (-r) 0
stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192
cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited
max user processes (-u) 94832
virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited
file locks (-x) unlimited
I did just notice that it's showing 4gb less RAM than there should be (12 instead of 16, I'll be checking into that about the same time I hit submit) but as far as I can tell the system shouldn't even be worried about swap 99.99% of the time. Any ideas?
Edit: On reboot system show the full 16gb of RAM.
Last edited by inquisitorthreefive (2012-11-19 07:44:32)

inquisitorthreefive wrote:
I did just notice that it's showing 4gb less RAM than there should be (12 instead of 16, I'll be checking into that about the same time I hit submit) but as far as I can tell the system shouldn't even be worried about swap 99.99% of the time. Any ideas?
Edit: On reboot system show the full 16gb of RAM.
Could it be a hardware problem with RAM? Is there a 4 GB RAM chip in the machine that may have failed?

Swap partition VS Swap File system

Hi everyone!!
I am using Oracle 11g (enterprise edition) on linux redhat 5.5 . At present, we have 12G RAM and swap partition of 2G. I know that we should have swap area of 6GB as per RAM. But we are unable to create new swap partition or resize existing. So I want to know is should I create new swap file of 4Gb that can be used as swap area in addition to existing swap partition of 2Gb. So that total swap area will be of 6G
( 2G swap space + 4G swap file).
1. Will it be meaningful or not ?
2. Which one is better among swap partition and swap file ?
3. Will swap file cause performance degradation due to incompatibility between them ?
Thanks & Regards
Tushar Lapani

This is a 100 percent Unix question and has nothing to with Oracle RDBMS.
Please close this question here and post it in any Unix forum.
Sybrand Bakker
Senior Oracle DBA

Swap Partition Vs Swap file

Hi everyone!!
I am using Oracle 11g (enterprise edition) on linux redhat 5.5 . At present, we have 12G RAM and swap partition of 2G. I know that we should have swap area of 6GB as per RAM. But we are unable to create new swap partition or resize existing. So I want to know is should I create new swap file of 4Gb that can be used as swap area in addition to existing swap partition of 2Gb. So that total swap area will be of 6G
( 2G swap space + 4G swap file).
1. Will it be meaningful or not ?
2. Which one is better among swap partition and swap file ?
3. Will swap file cause performance degradation due to incompatibility between them ?
Thanks & Regards
Tushar Lapani

Swap is no substitute for RAM. It provides a fail-safe mechanism and allows the kernel to handle active memory allocation more efficiently.
Your requirement or conclusion about swap space may or may not be reasonable, depending on your desired configuration. As a rule of thumb, swap space is usually configured twice the RAM if you use 8 GB or less and equal the amount of RAM if you have 16 GB or more. If you have 64 GB of RAM, it does however not make sense to have 64 GB of swap space, because the performance degration should you ever need that much swap space will be very bad.
A swap file as opposed to a swap partition has some security and safety concerns, and some performance overhead because of using a file system, but it can be feasible. It depends on your I/O use and hardware.
However, you will probably want to configure your Oracle database to use kernel Hugepages using ASMM instead of AMM for best performance and efficient memory use. Kernel Hugepages, unlike POSIX shared memory (/dev/shm) used by AMM, will be pre-allocated at system startup and cannot use swap space.
Message was edited by: Dude!
Until kernel 2.4 it was considered that a swap partition is faster than a file, but with the improvements of kernel 2.6, the performances is almost the same. A swap file has the advantage that it can be easier re-sized or removed than a swap partition, but it can get fragmented or deleted by accident. For best performance it should also be located at the outer parts (beginning) of the disk.

[SOLVED] changes to swap partition

I didn't think my current partition set up through properly on install so I'd like to make some changes. Swap seems to be the obvious candidate as it doesn't involve messing with data. Does this plan sound like it will work or be a disaster?
1. swapoff -a
2. Run cfdisk, delete the swap partition, create an extended partition, format a swap partition in there with the same sdaX designation as it has now, add whatever other partitions are needed to the extended partition. Write the new partition table.
3. swapon -L /dev/sdaX
Do I need to edit fstab afterwards to ensure a later swapon -a doesn't cause problems?
Last edited by tasticorp (2011-11-01 15:51:43)

Sounds like it could work although you will need to edit fstab as sda4 will become the extended partition (and don't forget to add your new partitions to fstab if you want them mounted on boot)
You may want to use UUIDs though (see this wiki article: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Pe … ce_naming).
mkswap -U <uuid> /dev/sdaX
will give you a swap partition with a UUID of your choice. I found this, in combination with blkid, to be easier than editing fstab

Swap Partitioning and multiple disks

Ok so I have been setting up a workstation with Arch Linux that has a total of 16GB of RAM and, because it will run very memory intensive applications we actually require a large swap partition. Because this may eventually get upgraded to even more RAM we decided to go with a 50 GB swap partition.
I also have two drives in the machine, the primary 500GB HDD and a smaller 250 GB HDD that we wanted to use for a /backup partition as well as swap space and so I set up the disks as follows:
sda (500 GB):
/ (30 GB Primary Partition)
/home (435 GB Primary Partition)
/usr/local (2 GB Primary Partition)
sdb (250 GB)
50 GB Primary swap partition
/backup (~200 GB Primary Partition)
Now when I am in gparted or cfdisk that is how these partitions show up. If I do a df I see
sda1, sda2, sda3, and sdb2 but instead of seeing what woul;d be sdb1 as a large swap I see an 8 GB swap listed as being mounted on /dev/shm (which I think is normal).
After reading this:
http://lissot.net/partition/partition-04.html
I think the problem is that I don't have a swap partition set on my 500 GB drive. It seems like any bootable drive needs a swap partition on it. Although my system boots fine and I haven't had any problems running it yet I do need to get this swap partition straightened out otherwise the machine will have issues when it is fully operational and running heavy jobs.
IS this the problem? And if so would the best way to fix it be to use parted to shrink my /home partition by a few GB and make a small swap partition on that drive at the end of the drive space? Right now it is laid out as:
|---------------- / ----------------| |---- /usr/local ----| |------------------------------------------ /home ------------------------------------------|
Suggestions, ideas?
Thanks

The output from free -m is:
<code>
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 16018 15372 645 0 91 14600
-/+ buffers/cache: 679 15338
Swap: 47685 0 47685
</code>
For comparison here is the output from my laptop (also Arch Linux):
<code>
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 2025 614 1411 0 12 232
-/+ buffers/cache: 370 1655
Swap: 1019 0 1019
</code>
It has an ~ 1GB swap partition but it's df also shows something at /dev/shm:
<code>
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 12G 7.6G 3.4G 70% /
none 1013M 0 1013M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 78G 28G 47G 37% /data
</code>
In gparted on my laptop /dev/sda2 is the swap partition with size: 1019 MB
Going by free -m on the workstation it looks like it is seeing the ~50 GB swap partition and it is mounted in /etc/fstab so perhaps I have nothing to worry about? Is it actually necessary that your bootable disk has a swap partition on it? Both disks (sda and sdb) actually have at least one partition flagged as bootable but sda (which has / and /home on it) didn't have a swap partition on that disk.
Thanks for all the help.

How to create swap partition on my mac

Hi All,
I am very new to MAC OS and I have VMWare installed on my MAC upon VMware running window7.
And I am using Macbook Air with 8GB RAM the problem is I am running low RAM space and due to this system gets hugs all times.
Rather than upgrading to new lappy just wanted to enquiry is there a chance to create a swap partition ?
if it possible please let me the know the process to make it.
Advanced Thanx
Srinivas

Csound1 wrote:
Your Mac already has a swapfile, what is a swap partition?
Exactly what it sounds like. A reserved section of disk that is used for swap. Normally the fastest part of the disk (or a dedicated disk) is chosen.
The OS already handles expanding & swapping RAM to disk. It's only an issue on spinning disks, do you have an SSD Srinivas_Gadi?
I can't see how a swap partition can be that much faster, ultimately if RAM is still writing back to the same disk it will perform within it's capabilities. All the other disk IO will be slowing the process too.
See some of the old posts too…
"swap" partition

Disable swap in rc.sysinit on eee with no swap partition?

I'm trying to tweak my boot speed on the Asus eee. The root partition is formated as ext2 and I didn't create a swap partition.
Inside rc.sysinit I found the following line:
status "Activating Swap" /sbin/swapon -a
Since I have no swap partition, is it nessesary to have this line or can I just comment it out?

DreamAxe wrote:Thanks, I'll just disable it then
I think you missed what Allan said there. You don't have to do anything at all, as that line will do nothing. It is best not to modify rc.sysinit as it isn't backed up...
Edit: and your total time savings from commenting this line out is going to be like 0.01 seconds, if that. It isn't worth it. Using a custom kernel and limiting the amount of work udev has to do would be much more effective; booting my Eee using my custom kernel takes ~12 seconds to an X login screen from hitting the power button.

How to mount and use swap partition _only_ for hibernation ?

By "hibernation" I mean suspend to disk.
My disk is a bit poor in RAM and the dirsk is slow, so I want to prevent any swap use of my system.
AND I want to use hibernation, in order to boot fatser... and not to loose my workspace state.
With a swap partition, hibernation works nicely.
But any intensive web browser easily lealds to incresed memory usage, hence swap use.
I have lowered the swap priority in /etc/fstab, down to 1 (and even tried 0).
Still, I am not satisfied : If would like not to use swap at all but for hibernation.
My plan was hence :
1) disable the automatic swap mount at boot
2) add a systemd unit to only moutn before hibernation
The first part was easy : I added a "noauto" option in /etc/fstab. Great, no more mounted swap. But, as expected, no more successful hibernation.
Then I tried to create a custom systemd unit.
- first copy the unit file automatically generated by systemd in /run/systemd/generator/dev-....swap to /etc/systemd/system/
- and add "Before=sleep.target" line in the Unit section
Result file here :
> cat /etc/systemd/system/dev-disk-by\x2duuid-blablablabla.swap
[Unit]
Description=Swap required for hibernation
Before=sleep.target
[Swap]
What=/dev/disk/by-uuid/blablablablabla
Priority=5
>
Next step show be to enable it, but I first run a safety check :
> systemctl show dev-disk-by\x2duuid-blablablabla.swap
Id=dev-disk-by\x2duuid-blablablabla.swap
Names=dev-disk-by\x2duuid-blablablabla.swap
Requires=-.mount
Wants=system.slice
BindsTo=dev-disk-by\x2duuid-blablablabla.device
RequiredBy=swap.target
WantedBy=dev-disk-by\x2duuid-blablablabla.device
Conflicts=umount.target
Before=sleep.target umount.target swap.target
After=systemd-journald.socket dev-disk-by\x2duuid-blablablabla.device system.slice -.mount
RequiresMountsFor=/dev/disk/by-uuid/blablablabla
Description=Swap required for hibernation
LoadState=loaded
ActiveState=inactive
SubState=dead
FragmentPath=/etc/systemd/system/dev-disk-by\x2duuid-blablablabla.swap
UnitFileState=static
InactiveExitTimestampMonotonic=0
ActiveEnterTimestampMonotonic=0
ActiveExitTimestampMonotonic=0
InactiveEnterTimestampMonotonic=0
CanStart=yes
CanStop=yes
CanReload=no
CanIsolate=no
StopWhenUnneeded=no
RefuseManualStart=no
RefuseManualStop=no
AllowIsolate=no
DefaultDependencies=yes
>
The problem here is that, somehow, a RequiredBy=swap.target line is apaprently automatically added, and makes exactly NOT what I want.
I've been battling a bit with systemd, but so far I have no clue how to do this correctly.
Important : I wand a clean "official" way, not to do a "service" unit that calls an home-brewed script taht calls swapon. I can do that, but systemd should be able to do it better than me, and without any trick.

Hello and thank you all
@fdservices & @WonderWoofy :
In fact, I forgot to mentionned swappiness, just tought about mentionneing the swap priority which act at a very different level is only revelevant when you ahve several swap files.
I have already modified that setting since quite a long time... and it indeed makes the system behaviour so much better.
Honestly, I could do with it... that's what I am doing since a few months in fact, and it really largely improved the user experience.
Still, the setting only makes swapping unlikely, but does not forbid it.
@WonderWoofy & @lucke :
You may be right, I could satisfy with swapiness...
Still, my feeling is that swap at run-time is mostly a remeniscence of the time where having several megabytes of RAM was juste a fantasm. At that time, at least for some intensive operations, simulating more RAM thansk to the cheaper & slower disk capacity was really decisive for a good user experience... and to allow some operations like some huge compilations. My feeling is that today, with our Gigabytes of RAM on our desktop/laptop, the need is much lower. In fact a swap is probably counter-productive for SSD for example (fast, yes, but swap is by nature something you write quite often, reducing teh SSD lifetime significantly). And simulating extra RAM is also counter-productive with applications such as web browsers which handle large amount of memory to handle cache themselves; it causes memory pressure, hence trigger swapping and machien slowdown instead of trigerring their pseudo-smart memory cleaning mechanisms. Last but not least, it does not encourage any improvement on application memory needs and rationalisation.
In fact, unless when I compile huge programs, or on really-limited-memory (embedded) systems, or eventually if swap can be hosted on significantly faster-than-storage disks, I feel that swapping does not really improve the user experience and system performance... and in contrary reduces them by having to handle swapping on and off memory & cache pages.
SO that's why I want to try. It's OK if I fail, swappinees fixes most my user experience issue, but I try to solve my more "theorical" issue as well.
And honestly, it is also to lean & play a bit with systemd as well.
More to come, I have things partially working now. Partially for now, and maybe perfectly with your help ?

[SOLVED] Swap Partition keeps being automounted, but it shouldn't.

Hi,
I created a swap partition as part of setting up a Linux From Scratch installation, and it was intended for that system only. However it is automounted every time I boot my arch.
It is neither mentioned in my fstab or my mtab. I tried # swapoff , and that disables it for that instance, but after boot it's mounted again. Tried giving it an fstab entry with the noauto option.
Last edited by krork (2015-01-05 18:11:24)

Thanks Guys!
I have not yet found a way to stop systemd from automounting the swap partition. I'm a bit busy this January. However, as a workaround I created a swapoff.service file in /etc/systemd/system with this content:
[Unit]
Description=Turns off Swap Partition
DefaultDependencies=no
After=getty.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/swapoff /dev/sdaX
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Replace the /dev/sdaX with your according partition, of course.
Edit: Also you'll want to enable it: # systemctl enable swapoff.service
So in case anyone else is having this problem and just wants a dirty fix, this worked for me, for now. If I find out how to keep systemd from automounting in the first place I'll let you know.
Last edited by krork (2015-01-05 16:50:33)

[SOLVED] Please verify: swap partition needed for dm-crypt/LUKS??

Hi,
Can anyone confirm whether or not the following is accurate (from http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Sys … artitions)
There are 3 required partitions for any encrypted system:
- The root file system: /
- The initial boot partition: /boot
- The swap partition: swap
Do I need a swap partition if I encrypt? I can't seem to find reference to swap being mandatory anywhere else.
Last edited by jwhendy (2010-10-12 13:27:12)

You don't need swap. The minimal required setup is having two partitions: boot and root, where /boot must not be encrypted and / can be encrypted.
Last edited by stfn (2010-10-12 12:45:22)

Arch is trying to activate my swap partition twice

It's not really a serious problem at the moment, but it is annoying seeing an error on every boot. Arch is trying to activate my swap partition twice, once by UUID and once as /dev/sda7. I have explicitly specified in my fstab to have the swap partition activated by UUID, so I'm not sure what's causing it to also be mounted as /dev/sda7, but whichever of the two occurs second always fails. My fstab only has one entry per partition, and all are by UUID. Does anyone have any idea what else might be trying to activate the swap partition?
My fstab (mostly automatically generated, though I do think I remember removing one or two problem entries in the past):
# /dev/sda6
UUID=67d13305-c5d1-494c-a810-cf6eb3ac4924 / ext4 rw,relatime,data=ordered 0 1
# /dev/sda2 LABEL=ESP
UUID=B212-E288 /boot/efi vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro 0 2
# /dev/sda7
UUID=4d2464ab-4499-40be-948e-2261efa79396 none swap defaults 0 0
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs nodev,nosuid,size=4G 0 0

karol wrote:Funny, it systemd recently had a bug which didn't enable swap at all https://mailman.archlinux.org/pipermail … 34145.html ;P
Wasn't there a patch for it in 207 and it was fixed with 208???
I believe i have a similar situation.
Seems to me that systemd mounts it by pattuuid and then tries to mount it by uuid (but i have no knowledge in that stuff so i probably talk bullshit)
systemctl
dev-disk-by\x2dlabel-Swap.swap loaded active active /dev/disk/by-label/Swap
dev-disk-by\x2dpartlabel-Swap.swap loaded active active /dev/disk/by-partlabel/Swap
dev-disk-by\x2dpartuuid-6a4d9284\x2de456\x2d4150\x2d9fa6\x2d055acb042649.swap loaded active active /dev/disk/by-partuuid/6a4d9284-e456-4150-9fa6-055acb042649
dev-disk-by\x2duuid-8fa200a9\x2d4cd4\x2d4967\x2d853c\x2d887ee6cae652.swap loaded failed failed /dev/disk/by-uuid/8fa200a9-4cd4-4967-853c-887ee6cae652
dev-sda2.swap loaded active active /dev/sda2
journal
Oct 13 10:28:37 mainland systemd[1]: Activating swap /dev/sda2...
Oct 13 10:28:37 mainland systemd[1]: Activating swap /dev/disk/by-uuid/8fa200a9-4cd4-4967-853c-887ee6cae652...
Oct 13 10:28:37 mainland swapon[307]: swapon: /dev/disk/by-uuid/8fa200a9-4cd4-4967-853c-887ee6cae652: swapon failed: Device or resource busy
Oct 13 10:28:37 mainland systemd[1]: Activated swap /dev/sda2.
Oct 13 10:28:37 mainland systemd[1]: dev-disk-by\x2duuid-8fa200a9\x2d4cd4\x2d4967\x2d853c\x2d887ee6cae652.swap swap process exited, code=exited status=255
Oct 13 10:28:37 mainland systemd[1]: Failed to activate swap /dev/disk/by-uuid/8fa200a9-4cd4-4967-853c-887ee6cae652.
Oct 13 10:28:37 mainland systemd[1]: Dependency failed for Swap.
Oct 13 10:28:37 mainland systemd[1]: Unit dev-disk-by\x2duuid-8fa200a9\x2d4cd4\x2d4967\x2d853c\x2d887ee6cae652.swap entered failed state.
fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs nodev,nosuid 0 0
UUID=33D6-79D6 /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 1
UUID=8fa200a9-4cd4-4967-853c-887ee6cae652 none swap defaults 0 0
UUID=447f9004-da86-4f8b-b92a-2cdd4fc5b61b / ext4 defaults,noatime,discard 0 1

Creating Swap Partitions for Oracle 8

I am in the delimma of having already installed RedHat 5.2, with
the intention of installing Oracle 8, however, I have created a
swap partition of 32MB on a machine that has 48MB of RAM.
Rather than repartition my hard drive to create a swap partition
that is three times the size of the RAM installed, (as
recommended by the installation guide), would I be able to
create a swap file to overcome this limitation?
null

Bill Tourloupis (guest) wrote:
: I am in the delimma of having already installed RedHat 5.2,
with
: the intention of installing Oracle 8, however, I have created a
: swap partition of 32MB on a machine that has 48MB of RAM.
: Rather than repartition my hard drive to create a swap
partition
: that is three times the size of the RAM installed, (as
: recommended by the installation guide), would I be able to
: create a swap file to overcome this limitation?
You can create swap on a file using the following script. Replace
"u01" with your mount point. Change "count" to the number of 1K
blocks you want.
dd if=/dev/zero of=/u01/swapfile bs=1024 count=524288
mkswap -c -v1 /u01/swapfile
chmod 0600 /u01/swapfile
swapon /u01/swapfile
swapon -s
null

How to Mount Swap Partition

I have a secondary disk (duplicated via rsync) that failed. I had to rebuild some of the partitions and now need to mount them. I could uncomment the vfstab entries and reboot (see below), but would rather just issue the mount command. On the "regular" partitions, the "mount /dev/dsk/c1t1d0s0 /backup", etc. is no problem, but since the swap partition isn't /swap, how would I mount it?
root: cat /etc/vfstab
#device         device          mount           FS      fsck    mount   mount
#to mount       to fsck         point           type    pass    at boot options
fd      -       /dev/fd fd      -       no      -
/proc   -       /proc   proc    -       no      -
/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s1       -       -       swap    -       no      -
/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0       /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s0      /       ufs     1       no      -
/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s3       /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s3      /var    ufs     1       no      -
/dev/dsk/c1t0d0s7       /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s7      /export/home    ufs     2       yes     -
/devices        -       /devices        devfs   -       no      -
sharefs -       /etc/dfs/sharetab       sharefs -       no      -
ctfs    -       /system/contract        ctfs    -       no      -
objfs   -       /system/object objfs   -       no      -
swap    -       /tmp    tmpfs   -       yes     -
#/dev/dsk/c1t1d0s7      /dev/rdsk/c1t1d0s7      /disk2 ufs     2       yes     -
#/dev/dsk/c1t1d0s1      -       -       swap    -       no      -
#/dev/dsk/c1t1d0s0      /dev/rdsk/c1t1d0s0      /backup         ufs     2       yes     -
#/dev/dsk/c1t1d0s3      /dev/rdsk/c1t1d0s3      /backup/var     ufs     2       yes     -

System administration and common solutions under Linux and Solaris are not the same. You might rather want to post your question in the appropriate forum Solaris 10

No swap partition on 10g DB

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