Oracle Database Architecture Understanding

Hello everyone,
I am a newbie in Oracle arworld, and I want to learn ORACLE. A few months ago, I started to learn Oracle Database Architecture, and read a book. However, I forget much of that books after weeks ago, and read again forget again.. I could not make tangible Oracle DB in my mind. This situation really degrades my performance while working. For example a simple example; the books says;
Data Files:Every Oracle database has one or more physical data files, which contain all the database data. (physical storage structure)
Data Blocks: At the finest level of granularity, Oracle Database data is stored in data blocks.(logical storage structure)
Here, my mind is mixing. Both store data, so what is the difference. I want to go details of Oracle, in order to be successful. Please help me and suggest something to do.
Thank You

I do not believe you will find MOS Docs that describe the architecture. Have you checked the docs ? What specific information are you looking for ?
Introduction to Oracle Database
Introduction to Oracle Database
HTH
Srini

Similar Messages

Oracle Database Architecture

Hi Please,
Can please provide me Metalink id for Oracle database 11gR2 architecture.
Can please provide me Metalink id for Oracle database 12c architecture.

I do not believe you will find MOS Docs that describe the architecture. Have you checked the docs ? What specific information are you looking for ?
Introduction to Oracle Database
Introduction to Oracle Database
HTH
Srini

Oracle database architecture documentation

Hi,
Any one can send oracle 9i/10g database architecture documentation.

What do you mean by Architecture documentation? Concepts about Oracle architecture?
Did you go through the documentation?
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14220/toc.htm
Please post such questions in Database-General forum. This forum is for reporting issues with Oracle documentation.

What are the BEST books for Oracle database architect/designer?

What concrete books would you recommend for OLTP database developer (to start from the scratch, starting from data sources analysis, logical and physical data modeling, indexes, tuning, maintaining). It doesn't have to be a book particulary for Oracle but suitable for it..
I don't mean books DBA's or overall Oracle handbooks, also not for OLAP.
Thanks!

For learning how to use Oracle database effectively, i would say
Tom Kyte's both books:
Effective Oracle by design
& Expert Oracle Database Architecture
Jonathan Lewis's
Practical Oracle 8i
They tell you all the stuff: what/how to do something? and most importantly what/how not to do ?
And their writing style is just awesome :)
Amardeep Sidhu

How to implement optemistic locking in pl/sql for oracle database

i have search the net to find example of how i can do the optimistic locking in pl/sql, all the resources i found were old , for example "Optimistic Locking with Concurrence in Oracle.
As " by Graham Thornton Snr. Database Architect / Oracle DBA in 2001, but at the end he said that the approach will not work fine if the update being made is a relative update, this apprach includes:-
1.add a timestamp column to an exsiting table.
2.add a preinsert trigger on the table to set the timestamp.
3.add a preupdate trigger to comapre the old time stamp with the new one.
So where i can find updated resources about this issue.
Edited by: 812643 on 17-Nov-2010 12:39

totally plagiarized from expert oracle database architecture 9i, 10g, 11g by Tom Kyte pg201
one popular implementation of optimistic locking is to keep the old and new values in the application and upon updating the data use and update like this
update table
set column1 =: new_column1, column2 = : new_column2, ...
where primary_key = :primary_key
and decode( column1, :old_column1, 1 ) = 1
and decode( column2, :old_column2, 1 ) = 1
another implementation
optimistic locking using a version column
add a single column to each database table you wish to protect from lost updates. this column is generally either a number or date/timestamp column
It is typically maintened via a row trigger on the table, which is responsible for incrementing the number column or updating the date/timestamp column
every time a row is modified.
another one on page 204
optimistic locking usin a checksum
similiar to the version column implementation but it uses the base data itself to compute a virtual version column.
the ones suggested where owa_opt_lock.checksum, dbms_obfuscation_toolkit.md5, dbms_crypto.hash, ora_hashEdited by: pollywog on Nov 17, 2010 3:48 PM
might be a good book for you to look into getting it has a whole chapter on locking and latching.
Edited by: pollywog on Nov 17, 2010 3:54 PM

Oracle database 10g

Hi
I just start learning oracle database 10g so that I want you to provide me with some books about oracle database 10g can anyone help me please.
Bay.

You SHOULD start learning with book "Expert Oracle Database Architecture" by Thomas Kite. That book teaches you the basis. Only after you finish it, read
Concepts http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14220/toc.htm
Database Administrator's Guide http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14231/toc.htm

Three tier architecture using oracle dev suite 10g & oracle database 9i

hi ,
I am trying to build a software which will manage the database of a hospital through usual form design .
The tools I am using for these are
(1) oracle server database 9i (2) oracle developer suite 10g (3) windows xp professional service pack 2 .
I have designed the form modules in developer suite , created the tables in the database , connected those tables to the form modules using dml statements, now data can be inserted , updates and deleted through the form design . I have also deployed the forms using "run forms through web" and thereby other computers connected to the main computer through lan can also access the software using the web port address and the name of form to be used , these computers are not having oracle developer suite or oracle database installed , but they can access the software through the browser .
In this scenario my question is that , is this a three tier architecture as oracle database is the first tier , oracle developer suite is the middle tier where I am puting all the bussiness logics and oc4j instance is used to connect the database and the dev suite , and for user interaction we have the browser as the third tier ?
or this is a two tier architecture ? if this is a two tier architecture please let me know how can I implement a three tier architecture using oracle developer suite 10g and oracle server database 9i .
Thanks a lot for showing ur interest to read this

You need Oracle Application Server to deploy the forms when you go live.
What you are currently using OC4J which came in the developer suite. It is used only for development purpose and can not have capacity to handle higher load.
3 tier arch
1. Thin Client :-> Browser
2 Middle tier -> Oracle Appln Server /OC4j(in ur case)
3 Database Tier -> Oracle Database
Rajesh

Oracle database Internal architecture

Hi
Any one Can explane me about oracle database internal architecture
thanks & regards

user9098698 wrote:
Hi
Any one Can explane me about oracle database internal architectureYes, there are people who can explain this to you.
How much time do you want to spend? I've been learning the Oracle internal architecture for over 20 years and there are still new things to learn. (Well ... it also depends on what you mean by 'internal architecture'.)
If you want the basics - the Oracle Documentation set at http://tahiti.oracle.com has a Concepts manual that does a decent job of describing the basic architecture. And the Windows Platform Guide, the Unix Administrator's Reference give a fair bit of additional information. As does the Oracle Networking reference.
And there are courses. Oracle University courses provide a decent overview of the architecture. And Jonathan Lewis, Richard Foote and others give excellent courses and seminars on specific aspects of the architecture.
ANd there are books. Search for books by Tom Kyte. Robert Stackowiak.
And internet search.
And http://orainfo.com/architecture/architecture.htm
And ...

Connection pooling and auditing on an oracle database

Integration of a weblogic application with an oracle backend,
Connection pooling, and auditing ,2 conflicting requirements ?
Problem statement :
We are in the process of maintaining a legacy client server application where
the client is
written in PowerBuilder and the backend is using an Oracle database.
Almost all business logic is implemented in stored procedures on the database.
When working in client/server mode ,1 PowerBuilder User has a one-to-one relation
with
a connection(session) on the oracle database.
It is a requirement that the database administrator must see the real user connected
to the database
and NOT some kind of superuser, therefore in the PowerBuilder app each user connects
to the database
with his own username.(Each user is configured on the database via a seperate
powerbuilder security app).
For the PowerBuilder app all is fine and this app can maintain conversional state(setting
and
reading of global variables in oracle packages).
The management is pushing for web-based application where we will be using bea
weblogic appserver(J2EE based).
We have build an business app which is web-based and accessing the same oracle
backend app as
the PowerBuilder app is doing.
The first version of this web-based app is using a custom build connector(based
on JCA standard and
derived from a template provided by the weblogic integration installation).
This custom build connector is essentially a combination of a custom realm in
weblogic terms
and a degraded connection pool , where each web session(browser) has a one-to-one
relation
with the back end database.
The reason that this custom connector is combining the security functionality
and the pooling
functionality , is because each user must be authenticated against the oracle
database(security requirement)
and NOT against a LDAP server, and we are using a statefull backend(oracle packages)
which would make it
difficult to reuse connections.
A problem that surfaced while doing heavy loadtesting with the custom connector,
is that sometimes connections are closed and new ones made in the midst of a transaction.
If you imagine a scenario where a session bean creates a business entity ,and
the session bean
calls 1 entity bean for the header and 1 entity bean for the detail, then the
header and detail
must be created in the same transaction AND with the same connection(there is
a parent-child relationship
between header and detail enforced on the back end database via Primary and Foreing
Keys).
We have not yet found why weblogic is closing the connection!
A second problem that we are experincing with the custom connector, is the use
of CMP(container managed persistence)
within entity beans.
The J2EE developers state that the use of CMP decreases the develoment time and
thus also maintenance costs.
We have not yet found a way to integrate a custom connector with the CMP persistence
scheme !
In order to solve our loadtesting and CMP persistence problems i was asked to
come up with a solution
which should not use a custom connector,but use standard connection pools from
weblogic.
To resolve the authentication problem on weblogic i could make a custom realm
which connects to the
backend database with the username and password, and if the connection is ok ,
i could consider this
user as authenticated in weblogic.
That still leaves me with the problem of auditing and pooling.
If i were to use a standard connection pool,then all transaction made in the oracle
database
would be done by a pool user or super user, a solution which will be rejected
by our local security officer,
because you can not see which real user made a transaction in the database.
I could still use the connection pool and in the application , advise the application
developers
to set an oracle package variable with the real user, then on arrival of the request
in the database,
the logic could use this package variable to set the transaction user.
There are still problems with this approach :
- The administrator of the database can still not see who is connected , he will
only see the superuser connection.
- This scheme can not be used when you want to use CMP persistence , since it
is weblogic who will generate the code
to access the database.
I thought i had a solution when oracle provided us with a connection pool known
as OracleOCIConnectionPool
where there is a connection made by a superuser, but where sessions are multiplexed
over this physical pipe with the real user.
I can not seem to properly integrate this OCI connectionpool into weblogic.
When using this pool , and we are coming into a bean (session or entity bean)
weblogic is wrapping
this pool with it's own internal Datasource and giving me back a connection of
the superuser, but not one for the real user,
thus setting me with my back to the wall again.
I would appreciate if anyone had experienced the same problem to share a possible
solution with us
in order to satisfy all requirements(security,auditing,CMP).
Many Thanks
Blyau Gino
[email protected]

Hi Blyau,
As Joe has already provided some technical advice,
I'll try to say something on engineering process level.
While migrating an application from one technology to
other, like client-server to n-tier in you case, customers and
stakeholders want to push into the new system as many old
requirements as possible. This approach is AKA "we must
have ALL of the features of the old system". Mostly it happens
because they don't know what they want. Ad little understanding
of abilities of the new technology, and you will get a requirement
like the one you have in you hands.
I think "DBA must see real user" is one of those. For this
type of requirements it can make sense to try to drop it,
or to understand its nature and suggest alternatives. In this
particular case it can be a system that logs user names,
login and logout times.
Blind copying of old features into an incompatible new architecture
may endanger the whole project and can result in its failure.
Hope this helps.
Regards,
Slava Imeshev
"Blyau Gino" <[email protected]> wrote in message
news:[email protected]...
>
Integration of a weblogic application with an oracle backend,
Connection pooling, and auditing ,2 conflicting requirements ?
Problem statement :
We are in the process of maintaining a legacy client server applicationwhere
the client is
written in PowerBuilder and the backend is using an Oracle database.
Almost all business logic is implemented in stored procedures on thedatabase.
When working in client/server mode ,1 PowerBuilder User has a one-to-onerelation
with
a connection(session) on the oracle database.
It is a requirement that the database administrator must see the real userconnected
to the database
and NOT some kind of superuser, therefore in the PowerBuilder app eachuser connects
to the database
with his own username.(Each user is configured on the database via aseperate
powerbuilder security app).
For the PowerBuilder app all is fine and this app can maintainconversional state(setting
and
reading of global variables in oracle packages).
The management is pushing for web-based application where we will be usingbea
weblogic appserver(J2EE based).
We have build an business app which is web-based and accessing the sameoracle
backend app as
the PowerBuilder app is doing.
The first version of this web-based app is using a custom buildconnector(based
on JCA standard and
derived from a template provided by the weblogic integrationinstallation).
This custom build connector is essentially a combination of a custom realmin
weblogic terms
and a degraded connection pool , where each web session(browser) has aone-to-one
relation
with the back end database.
The reason that this custom connector is combining the securityfunctionality
and the pooling
functionality , is because each user must be authenticated against theoracle
database(security requirement)
and NOT against a LDAP server, and we are using a statefull backend(oraclepackages)
which would make it
difficult to reuse connections.
A problem that surfaced while doing heavy loadtesting with the customconnector,
>
is that sometimes connections are closed and new ones made in the midst ofa transaction.
If you imagine a scenario where a session bean creates a business entity,and
the session bean
calls 1 entity bean for the header and 1 entity bean for the detail, thenthe
header and detail
must be created in the same transaction AND with the same connection(thereis
a parent-child relationship
between header and detail enforced on the back end database via Primaryand Foreing
Keys).
We have not yet found why weblogic is closing the connection!
A second problem that we are experincing with the custom connector, is theuse
of CMP(container managed persistence)
within entity beans.
The J2EE developers state that the use of CMP decreases the develomenttime and
thus also maintenance costs.
We have not yet found a way to integrate a custom connector with the CMPpersistence
scheme !
In order to solve our loadtesting and CMP persistence problems i was askedto
come up with a solution
which should not use a custom connector,but use standard connection poolsfrom
weblogic.
To resolve the authentication problem on weblogic i could make a customrealm
which connects to the
backend database with the username and password, and if the connection isok ,
i could consider this
user as authenticated in weblogic.
That still leaves me with the problem of auditing and pooling.
If i were to use a standard connection pool,then all transaction made inthe oracle
database
would be done by a pool user or super user, a solution which will berejected
by our local security officer,
because you can not see which real user made a transaction in thedatabase.
I could still use the connection pool and in the application , advise theapplication
developers
to set an oracle package variable with the real user, then on arrival ofthe request
in the database,
the logic could use this package variable to set the transaction user.
There are still problems with this approach :
- The administrator of the database can still not see who is connected ,he will
only see the superuser connection.
- This scheme can not be used when you want to use CMP persistence , sinceit
is weblogic who will generate the code
to access the database.
I thought i had a solution when oracle provided us with a connection poolknown
as OracleOCIConnectionPool
where there is a connection made by a superuser, but where sessions aremultiplexed
over this physical pipe with the real user.
I can not seem to properly integrate this OCI connectionpool intoweblogic.
When using this pool , and we are coming into a bean (session or entitybean)
weblogic is wrapping
this pool with it's own internal Datasource and giving me back aconnection of
the superuser, but not one for the real user,
thus setting me with my back to the wall again.
I would appreciate if anyone had experienced the same problem to share apossible
solution with us
in order to satisfy all requirements(security,auditing,CMP).
Many Thanks
Blyau Gino
[email protected]

Basics of Oracle database

Hi All
can any one let me know some books or your own pdfs or docs to know about architecture of oracle 10g, oracle database server, instance, defining physical structure, logical structure and execution plan of sql statment for easy and brief understanding of this topics.
thanking you all

VaRuN wrote:
Hi All
can any one let me know some books or your own pdfs or docs to know about architecture of oracle 10g, oracle database server, instance, defining physical structure, logical structure and execution plan of sql statment for easy and brief understanding of this topics.
thanking you allFor all your questions, One spot is http://tahiti.oracle.com/
http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/homepage?remark=tahiti
Edited by: CKPT on Feb 5, 2012 1:24 PM

Where should one install Oracle Database and the Grid Infrastructure in order to adhere to OFA?

I've downloaded the two zipped install folders for Oracle Database, and the two zipped install folders for the Grid Infrastructure. The book I'm following for installation says to use one directory for the database, and one directory for the Grid Infrastructure, but it doesn't explain where they should be located in OFA. Presumably they should both end up somewhere in the same Oracle Base (since everything Oracle related on a single file system should go in the same base, according to my understanding), but it isn't clear where they should be installed in relation to each other. For example, is the Grid Infrastructure a separate product that gets its own Oracle Home? Can anyone shed light on this process?
Also, does it matter to which location the zipped files are unzipped? For example, are any of these files used after the installation process, or does OFA only care about post-installation location?

I think this links may be helpful -- ORACLE-BASE - Oracle Database 11g Release 2 RAC On Oracle Linux 5.8 Using VirtualBox, http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/hunter-rac11gr2-iscsi-088677.html.
OFA -- Optimal Flexible Architecture standard. The standard is a set of configuration guidelines created to ensure well organized Oracle installations that are easier to maintain (http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32002/app_ofa.htm#LADBI440).
It relates to location of the grid and dbms files location. Actually you should specify base directory and follow installer. System will be installed in correct directories.
It does not matter where you will unzip your distributives. You may delete them after installation to free space.

Oracle database Performance testing

What are the procedure to dp Oracle performance Testing???
Is there any tools to do Oracle database Performance or load testing??

insa wrote:
OS- windows
DB-Oracle11gr2
Just i want check if 100 of users using my Application at a time what will be the performance of my database??Database performance is dependent on a number of factors - where application design, application code and data model, are critical components.
And these components need to be designed, written, and implemented with performance and scalability as primary requirements. From design issues like using 3NF correctly, to coding issues like using bind variables correctly.
You cannot simply slap design and code together, run that against the database, and then tune database performance. That is not the correct approach. Oracle database technology performs very well. It is the application that does not perform. It is the design that does not perform. It is the architecture that does not perform.
When I see the comment that someone wants to test database performance, I see someone not understanding what determines performance - and incorrectly thinking that the database is a black box, and that this black box's performance can be tuned and set, irrespective of the data model, application code and architecture used.

Oracle Database Diconnection with VC Application

Hi,
We are facing a major issue in our application such as the Application shows customized error as "Connection to the database server is disconnected" and terminates the application abruptly. The error pops up sometimes immediately after opening the application or after a period of time.
I cannot able to figure out how the error is coming. Application is not generating any logs.
The application is built on VC and it has two tier architecture. Application uses the Oracle tnsnames and ODBC Connection to connect to the Oracle Database.
I had done some basic analysis for network availability such as i opened the Oracle Sql*plus and our application simultaneously on the client machine (Windows XP). But application was disconnected with the above mentioned error and sql*plus working normal.
I have also done by switching on connection trace in the sqlnet.ora file. But I can't able to understand the trace file as it has no "null" named entries for connection values.
Whenever the Application is closed abnormally its leaving the ACTIVE session as INACTIVE. Then, I'm killing the oracle sessions manually using ORAKILL.
Please provide some pointers like how would I log the exception information if any exception is raised in oracle database. Depending on that log information i like to back track the issue.
Oracle Database Environment Details*
OS : Windows 2000 Server (SP4)
Oracle Database : Oracle 8i Enterprise Edition (8.1.7)
Please revert in case of any further information is required.

@SomeoneElse
Its happening from the beginning say two or three times a day. But from last two months the problem is very often (once per 15mins). User can't able to work on the application.

Oracle VM Manager: Includes a Restricted-use License for Oracle Database?

I'm evaluating OVM and OL for building a small private cloud and - at this stage of the evaluation - am primarily focused on making sure that I understand the licensing requirements of Oracle virtualization.
The Oracle® VM Installation and Upgrade Guide for Release 3.1.1 states that...
Oracle VM Manager includes a restricted-use license of the
Oracle Database (Standard Edition or Enterprise Edition) for use as
the Oracle VM Manager Management Repository only. The supported
version of Oracle Database are...
Am I understanding this correctly? Does this mean that, for the purposes of implementing Oracle VM Manager, it will not be necessary to purchase a license for Oracle Database (11g) Standard Edition?
Eric Pretorious
Truckee, CA

For the uninitiated and/or impatient: In order to use Oracle Database 11g SE/EE instead of Oracle Database XE...
>
Oracle VM Manager can be installed in a demo installation using Oracle XE, or as a production installation using Oracle SE or EE. The demo installation installs Oracle XE on the local host and configures it to use as the repository. *The production option collects information on the pre-installed Oracle Database* and uses it as the repository...><ol>
<li>Go [url http://www.oracle.com/us/products/database/standard-edition/overview/index.html]the Oracel Database 11g product page.
<li>Follow the link to [url http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html?ssSourceSiteId=ocomen]the Download Page.
<li>Follow the link to your preferred architecture.
<li>Review and accept the EULA.
<li>Download the packages.
<li>Follow the link to the Documentation Page:
3. Installation guides and general Oracle Database 11g documentation are here.<li>Follow the link to the documentation about "Installing and Upgrading".
<li>Download the Database Quick Installation Guide for your preferred architecture.
</ol>
Eric Pretorious
Truckee, CA
Edited by: epretorious on Sep 13, 2012 6:50 PM - Added a signature.

How to load a java script in oracle database

Is it possible to load d java script in Oracle database. while the object type is
java resource ..

RENUJP wrote:
I meant to load a javascript to oracle database not to oracle appliocation.
like loadjava....
I can load a javascript to oracle database.. but i can't call it...Please re-read the comments above, especially the part about this not being a javascript nor oracle forum. Exactly what part about this information don't you understand?

Oracle Database Architecture Understanding

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