Priority queue for voice/audio traffic
Hi,
Still in limbo after multiple discussions with our vendors, TAC and in general other engineers, so starting a thread here. In the process of rolling out enterprise audio, with the intent to prioritize and allocate 25% of link bandwidth for voice class.
Our config snapshow is as follows -
policy-map qos-wan-out
class dscp-voice-lan
set ip precedence 5
priority percent 25
I understand that
-DURING congestion, this will ensure voice gets a maximum of 25% and is dequeued first due to the priority setting
-And during NO congestion, the voice traffic will be dequeued before other traffic, but at the same time, can go over 25% as QoS kicks in only during congestion.
I am seeing some contradictory results in that we are having high packet loss if we exceed 25% even when the link is less than 40% utilized. I doubt the above CE configurations are an issue. But, wanted to run this by this group.
Alternate theory is that with the above configurations, our traffic is exiting fine - but the service provider who is using priority class queuing within their MPLS network may be capping the bandwidth at 25% at all times (with or without congestion).
thanks
Hi Bro
Maybe the incoming voice packets into your FW isn't marked with ef. For this reason, you don't see anything at all. I hope the QOS isn't tied to a subinterface, as QOS is only supported on the main interface itself. What you're doing here is QoS Configuration based on DSCP. You could refer to this URL for troubleshooting purposes.
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps6120/products_configuration_example09186a008080dfa7.shtml#tab4
Did you marked on the Cisco Catalyst switchports, which ports are ef?
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I am trying to confirm my assumption that given voice traffic arriving at an AP or wireless bridge is already tagged with COS (and TOS) precedence, the wireless device will properly deal with it by default.
It appears from the documentation, but isn't explicitly stated, that the only QoS configuration required is to classify and tag (COS) packets. If they are tagged already, no configuration is required.
Is this correct?
Also, are COS precedence values preserved across a wireless bridge link, or must they be re-tagged at the far end?Hi there,
in "Configuring QoS" of the Aironet 1310 Configuration Guide
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps5861/products_configuration_guide_chapter09186a00804ed713.html
it reads:
"Precedence of QoS Settings
When you enable QoS, the access point/bridge queues packets based on the Layer 2 class of service value for each packet. The access point/bridge applies QoS policies in this order:
1. Packets already classified—When the access point/bridge receives packets from a QoS-enabled switch or router that has already classified the packets with non-zero 802.1Q/P user_priority values, the access point/bridge uses that classification and does not apply other QoS policy rules to the packets. An existing classification takes precedence over all other policies on the access point/bridge.
Note Even if you have not configured a QoS policy, the access point always honors tagged 802.1P packets that it receives over the radio interface."
Hope this helps
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....How can i send Audio(Voice )from one sytem to another...
....How can i send Audio(Voice )from one sytem to
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Eight-Class Model QoS for voice and video
One of the QoS recomendation in the SRND "Enterprise QoS" is to create a Eight-Class QoS Model utilizing a seperate priority queue for voice and video.
It says that even though you have only one physical priority queue, that LLQ has an implicit policer that allows for time-division multiplexing of the single priority queue. This implicit policer abstract the fact that there is essentially a single LLQ within the algorithm and, thus, allows for the "provisioning" of multiple LLQs.
My question is if anyone has tried this and if there are any limitations on the platforms that can support this "dual-LLQ design."Design guide which is basically the QoSDesign recommendation bible.
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/solution/esm/qossrnd.pdf
It has a large section for WAN recommendations...while you may not
need to follow one of these Based on my understanding what what you
have for a link (DS3) and what you are trying to accomplish, I
believe the following section would be a good place to start.
- WAN Aggregator QoS Design
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Multiple Priority Queues?
All,
I have read that one may configure up to 4 priority queues, not using the Modular QOS CLI (e.g. "priority-list" command, etc).
For the Modular QOS CLI, PQs are implemented using LLQ ("priority" command), and for this one can only specify a single PQ (though multiple classes may be mapped to this single PQ).
What I would like to do is to have 2 distinct PQs (as should be possible in the non modular cli case) and also use CBWFQ (e.g. "bandwidth" command) for the rest of the clases. Basically I want to have EF in one PQ, another "special" class in the other PQ (lower priority than EF), and AF classes using CBWFQ.
Does anyone know of a way to combine the 2 methods (modular and non modular CLI) of configuring LLQ in order to implement such a configuration? I was encouraged to see that heirarchical policies are supported but so far I have not found a way to specify multiple PQs as well as CBWFQ.
Thanks much!There has been alot of discussion on this subject. But it seems that while IOS will allow you to configure multiple priority queues, its not really possible for it to deliver multiple priority queues.
Which, if you think about it makes sense. A priority queue is just that, it takes priority over all other queues. If you configue 2 priority queues, how would you then then tell the scheduler that these are both priority, but the 2nd is less of a priority?
One way you can accomplish what you're trying to do:
1. Create a single "priority" queue for your EF traffic
2. Use "bandwidth" to guarantee bandwidth to your special class.
3. Put your AF traffic in class-default and let it "fair-queue".
Something like this:
policy-map foo
class EF
priority 100
class Special
bandwith 50
class class-default
fair-queue
-Geoff -
Hi,
We have a 2Mbps LL 1:4
we are using CSICO ATA for Voice.
we are using cisco 2620 router .
Here are my questions.
1.Kindly check My config and say whether this QOS config will work for prioritising the Voice.
class-map match-all VOIP-RTP
match ip dscp ef
policy-map VOICE-QOS
class VOIP-RTP
priority 1024
interface Serial0/0
description ### STPI-GATEWAY-VASHI ###
bandwidth 2048
ip address 213.11.12.115 255.255.255.252
ip access-group 103 in
ip access-group 103 out
service-policy output VOICE-QOS
shutdown
2.How can i filter the HTTP,TELNET,SSH,RDP,FTP traffic.
Kindly help me.
Thanks
RangaA more scalable config (that you dont have to redo too much) might include bandwidth guarantees for other classes of traffic as well...
Also, I like to go with the qos design guide recommendation and set aside a queue for voice signalling... like the following...
i also dont "match ip dscp ef" but rather just look for rtp audio... dont always have a marking switch/phone system behind your router... sometimes its a whitebox phone system sending rtp packets, and a dumb switch... I also go with a nested policy, which shapes all to the speed of the link, then decides which traffic will follow the rules of the child policy to leave the single queue ;)
class-map match-any manage
match protocol dhcp
match protocol dns
match protocol kerberos
match protocol ldap
match protocol snmp
match protocol syslog
class-map match-any bulk
match protocol exchange
match protocol ftp
match protocol pop3
match protocol smtp
class-map match-any voicesignal
match protocol h323
match protocol rtcp
class-map match-any transactional
match protocol citrix
match protocol pcanywhere
match protocol secure-telnet
match protocol sqlnet
match protocol sqlserver
match protocol ssh
match protocol telnet
match protocol tsrvrdp
class-map match-any video
match protocol rtp video
match protocol cuseeme
match protocol netshow
match protocol rtsp
match protocol streamwork
match protocol vdolive
class-map match-any voicebearer
match protocol rtp audio
policy-map Pol-S0/0/0.1-child
class voicebearer
set dscp ef
priority percent 25
class transactional
bandwidth percent 25
class voicesignal
bandwidth percent 5
class manage
bandwidth percent 5
policy-map Pol-S0/0/0.1-parent
class class-default
shape average 1444000
service-policy Pol-0/0/0.1-child
int s0/0/0.1
service-policy output Pol-S0/0/0.1-parent
(yes not all my classes are used in my policy; they are for future use... nice to have them in there now though, as they can always be allocated some bandwidth later on, at the expense of what is carved out now...)
Tschuss,
Joe -
I tried to use priority queue which I saw on the JavaTM 2 Platform
Standard Ed. 5.0(on the web),but when I tried to create a priority queue for my work(PriorityQueue myQ = new PriorityQueue();)the compiler complaint about that,
"C:\Program Files\Xinox Software\JCreator LE\MyProjects\Trypq\Trypq.java:7: cannot resolve symbol"
and then I found that I can not find this priority queue class in JavaTM 2 Platform Std. Ed. v1.4.2,so what's wrong with this 2 different API,does it mean that I have to create the priority queue class by myself,because my work can only base on JavaTM 2 Platform Std. Ed. v1.4.2???
can you help?
thanks!The feature was added in the latest release of Java. If you want to use it, you have to have the latest release.
Some of the concurrency features added in 1.5 (J2SE 5.0) were taken from Doug Lea's util.concurrent library, but I don't believe this was one of them. For those that were you have the option of using Doug's excellent library with pre 1.5 code.
You could also write your own, but I wouldn't particularly recommend it if you can upgrade to J2SE 5.0
Dave. -
AutoQoS for voice traffic settings?
Hi Everybody,
I have enabled auto qos on switch and following are information
Voice is the most important traffic in network, must ensure voice traffic goes first
SW# show mls qos map dscp-output-q
Dscp-outputq-threshold map:
d1 :d2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 : 04-03 04-03 04-03 04-03 04-03 04-03 04-03 04-03 04-01 04-02
1 : 04-02 04-02 04-02 04-02 04-02 04-02 03-03 03-03 03-03 03-03
2 : 03-03 03-03 03-03 03-03 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03
3 : 02-03 02-03 03-03 03-03 03-03 03-03 03-03 03-03 03-03 03-03
4 : 01-03 01-03 01-03 01-03 01-03 01-03 01-03 01-03 02-03 02-03
5 : 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03
6 : 02-03 02-03 02-03 02-03
SW# show mls qos queue-set
Queueset: 1
Queue : 1 2 3 4
buffers : 10 10 26 54
threshold1: 138 138 36 20
threshold2: 138 138 77 50
reserved : 92 92 100 67
maximum : 138 400 318 400
For the
DSCP 46 : it's 01-03 (voice)
DSCP 0 : it's 04-03 (general traffic)
From my understanding
- 01-03 means queue 1 and threshold3. (by default threshold3 is 100 and hidden)
- queue-set 1 is enabled by default on all interface and hidden
According to the above information,
- Does the Auto Qos is design for voice goes first?
- Why the Q1 buffer and maximum are less then Q4? isn't suppose to set more buffer on Q1 for voice traffic? or I have to re-distribute the queue buffer and threshold, etc...
- or I just use priority-queue out, then those queue setting will be ignored?
Thanks in advance
Samudp ports 16384 to 32767 for rtp traffic
1720 tcp for control (h323 protocol) -
Low-latency prio queue for udp traffic, but not matching ACL?
Hi,
I have an OpenVPN service running behind an ASA for which I would like to prioritize the packets.
The OpenVPN service connects to a remote OpenVPN service on 1194/udp, and accepts traffic on udp/1194 for yet another OpenVPN server.
Here's what I did:
access-list priority extended permit udp any any eq 1194
priority-queue outside
class-map priotraffic
match access-list priority
policy-map QoS_policy
class priotraffic
priority
service-policy QoS_policy global
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I know there are hundreds of packets per second on this OpenVPN, but still I only see 2 matched packets on the ACL "priority":
# show access-list | inc priority
access-list priority line 1 extended permit udp any any eq 1194 (hitcnt=2) 0xbbdd01d4
Am I missing something? Must I know both src AND destination ports in order to achieve this?I started suspecting that it only matched packets for new connections (in iptables called NEW / UNREPLIED). I tested my thesis by restarting one of my openvpn tunnels, and indeed I see now a hit count of one packet.
Question is, how come only new udp connections being matched? I would obviously like to prioritize all packets for an already established session.
Thanks,
By the way, the statistics after I reinitiated one of the tunnels:
asa# show access-list | inc priority
access-list priority line 1 extended permit udp any any eq 1194 (hitcnt=1) 0xbbdd01d4
asa# show service-policy
Global policy:
Service-policy: QoS_policy
Class-map: priotraffic
Priority:
Interface outside: aggregate drop 0, aggregate transmit 0
Priority:
Interface inside: aggregate drop 0, aggregate transmit 0
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Interface mobenga: aggregate drop 0, aggregate transmit 0
Priority:
Interface escom: aggregate drop 0, aggregate transmit 0
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Interface vpn: aggregate drop 0, aggregate transmit 0
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Revision: 3539
Author: [email protected]
Date: 2008-10-09 10:58:31 -0700 (Thu, 09 Oct 2008)
Log Message:
Updated RadioButtonGroup to account for recent changes to LayoutManager priority queue. The order that a RadioButtonGroup was traversed was always dependent on what order that the radio buttons properties were validated. Since this assumption no longer holds true, we are now very specific about how the group orders the RadioButtons (breadth-first for consistency with Flex 2 and Flex 3).
Check-in Tests: Pass
Mustella Tests: (RadioButton, RadioButtonGroup) Pass
Reviewer: Glenn
QA: Yes
Bugs: SDK-17248
Ticket Links:
http://bugs.adobe.com/jira/browse/SDK-17248
Modified Paths:
flex/sdk/trunk/frameworks/projects/framework/src/mx/controls/RadioButtonGroup.asRevision: 3539
Author: [email protected]
Date: 2008-10-09 10:58:31 -0700 (Thu, 09 Oct 2008)
Log Message:
Updated RadioButtonGroup to account for recent changes to LayoutManager priority queue. The order that a RadioButtonGroup was traversed was always dependent on what order that the radio buttons properties were validated. Since this assumption no longer holds true, we are now very specific about how the group orders the RadioButtons (breadth-first for consistency with Flex 2 and Flex 3).
Check-in Tests: Pass
Mustella Tests: (RadioButton, RadioButtonGroup) Pass
Reviewer: Glenn
QA: Yes
Bugs: SDK-17248
Ticket Links:
http://bugs.adobe.com/jira/browse/SDK-17248
Modified Paths:
flex/sdk/trunk/frameworks/projects/framework/src/mx/controls/RadioButtonGroup.as -
Revision: 3497
Author: [email protected]
Date: 2008-10-06 14:48:38 -0700 (Mon, 06 Oct 2008)
Log Message:
Changing internal datastructure utilized by the LayoutManager's priority queue, in order to provide a mechanism for quicker lookup of items being validated with 'ValidateNow/ValidateClient'. Will be keeping a close watch on perf suite results after this change, to ensure we did not inject memory issues.
Reviewer: Glenn
QA: No (Keeping watch on Mustella, but cyclone looked good).
Modified Paths:
flex/sdk/trunk/frameworks/projects/framework/src/mx/managers/layoutClasses/PriorityQueue. as -
What is the best audio or voice audio recording app for iPhone 5 because I want to record audio at a book signing event this coming Tuesday!!! Please get back to me as soon as you can! Thanks
Ok sorry to bug ya again but if I use the voice memos app if I have the screen locked and just on my belt clip on my side of my pants will it still pick up the authors voice and do I need to have all the volume turned all the way up for it or do I get the app u said for better sound?
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Does the priority queue always work?
Hi
I have a 8Mbp of wan link which sometime gets saturated and I have shaped average this to 8Mbps but i am running vocie on this WAN link and have defined priority for voice with 850kbps under voice class. My question is when the link is not fully utilized, Will the packets from priority queue are always dequeued first as compared to packets sent from from other queus or will the QoS will not do anything here since the link utilization is lot less than what is sepecified in shape average. I am asking this to confirm if the priority queue always help to overcome the issue of jitter if either the link is saturated or not?
ThanksDisclaimer
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Posting
You describe PQ and shaping, but the former is usually a part of doing QoS on L2/L3 switches, and the latter on routers. What device(s) and their IOS versions and the WAN media are you working with?
On "routers", interfaces generally have FIFO tx-rings, only when they overflow, are packets placed in CBWFQ queues. Within CBWFQ, LLQ will be dequeued first, but such packets might have already been queued behind other non-LLQ traffic within the interface tx-ring. (NB: for routers, with tx-rings, when supporting VoIP, you may want to minimize the size of the tx-ring.)
Shapers, in my experience, are "interesting". First, I believe many shapers don't account for L2 overhead, but provider CIRs often do. So unless you shape slower than the nomimal CIR rate, you can send faster than the available bandwidth. (Often I've found shaping 10 to 15% slower allows for average L2 overhead.)
Second, shapers work on averages over time intervals. For VoIP, you'll often want to insure the shaper is using a small Tc, otherwise it will allow FIFO bursts. (I've found a Tc of 10ms seems to support VoIP fairly well.)
Third, I suspect some shapers might have their own queues between the interface and the defined policy queues. If they do, unknown what their queuing organization is or their supported queuing depths. If this is the case, makes it difficult to engineer QoS.
Whenever possible, I've found it beneficial to work to avoid using shapers especially for timing sensitive traffic, like VoIP. In your case, I would suggest, if possible, obtaining 10 Mbps of WAN bandwidth and somewhere passing the traffic through a physical 10 Mbps interface, with a QoS policy.
But to more directly answer your question, PQ (or LQ) will dequeue its packets next compared to other "peer" queues. This should always help VoIP for delay and jitter, but there's more involved whether this is necessary and/or whether it's helpful enough when necessary.
You ask about when a link is saturated, but a link is 100% saturated everytime a packet is being transmitted. Often link usage is represented in percentages of usage of possible maximum transmission rate over some time period, but when it comes to QoS, 100% utilization might be just fine while 1% utilization is not. Much, much more information, about your situation, might be needed to offer truly constructive recommendations.
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