Random number issue

I'm making a mobile game and I can't seem to generate a random number successfully
Game.java:
import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;
import javax.microedition.midlet.*;
public class Game extends MIDlet implements CommandListener {
private Display theDisplay;
private GameCanvas canvas;
private Player p1;
private Block[] Grid;
static final Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.STOP, 1);
class Player {
  public int x, y;
  public int width=60, height=15;
  public Player(int curX, int curY) {
   x = curX;
   y = curY;
public Game() {
  setupGrid(5, 8, 5);
  p1 = new Player(90, 250);
  theDisplay = Display.getDisplay(this);
private void setupGrid(int rows, int cols, int cellspacing) {
  Grid = new Block[200];
  int ind = 0;
  int posX = 10;
  int posY = 20;
  int colPosY;
  int colPosX;
  colPosY = posY;
  colPosX = posX;
  for(int x = 0; x < rows; x++) {
   Grid[ind] = new Block(posX, posY);
   colPosY = posY;
   for(int y = 0; y < cols; y++) {
    ind++;
    colPosX += 20+cellspacing;
    colPosY = posY;
    Grid[ind] = new Block(colPosX, colPosY);
   colPosX = posX;
   posY += 15+cellspacing;
   ind++;
class Block {
   public int x, y;
   public int Health;
   public int r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;
   public Block(int curX, int curY) {
   x = curX;
   y = curY;
   double rand = Math.random()*5;
   if(rand > 0 && rand < 2) {
    g = 255;
    r = 0;
    b = 0;
   if(rand > 2 && rand < 4) {
    r = 255;
    g = 0;
    b = 0;
   if(rand > 3 && rand < 5) {
    b = 255;
    g = 0;
    r = 0;
class GameCanvas extends Canvas {
  private int width;
  private int height;
  GameCanvas() {
   width = getWidth();
   height = getHeight();
  public void paint(Graphics g) {
   g.setColor(0, 0, 0);
   g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
   g.setColor(100, 100, 100);
   g.fillRect(p1.x, p1.y, p1.width, p1.height);
   for(int x = 0; x < Grid.length; x++) {
    if(Grid[x] != null) {
     g.setColor(Grid[x].r, Grid[x].g, Grid[x].b);
     g.fillRect(Grid[x].x, Grid[x].y, 20, 10);
  public void keyPressed(int keyCode) {
   int key = getGameAction(keyCode);
   if(key == LEFT && p1.x > 0) {
    p1.x-=4;
   else if(key == RIGHT && p1.x < canvas.width-p1.width) {
    p1.x+=4;
   repaint();
protected void startApp() throws MIDletStateChangeException {
  canvas = new GameCanvas();
  canvas.addCommand(exitCommand);
  canvas.setCommandListener(this);
  theDisplay.setCurrent(canvas);
public void pauseApp() { }
public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) { }
public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable d) {
  if(c == exitCommand) {
   destroyApp(false);
   notifyDestroyed();
}Game.java:58: cannot find symbol
symbol : method random()
location: class java.lang.Math
double rand = Math.random()*5;
^
1 error
Line 58:
double rand = Math.random()*5;

b1nary wrote:
Unfortunately, no - it won't work. Prior to posting this thread I researched different ways to generate random numbers but, apparently, the WTK only allows certain packages to be recognized.You can always write your own generator. For portability I use
* Uniform random number generator.
* <p>
* Based on
* <blockquote>
* <pre>
* Efficient and Portable Combined Random Number Generators
* <a href="http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~lecuyer">Pierre L'Ecuyer</a>
* Communications of the ACM
* June 1988 Volume 31 Number 6
* </pre>
* </blockquote>
* @author Sabre
public class Ecuyer
     * Constructs the generator based on two starting seeds.
     * <p>
     * Two generators using the same pair of seeds will produce
     * exactly the same sequence of pseudo random numbers.
     * @param seed1 the starting seed.
     * @param seed2 the second starting seed.
    public Ecuyer(int seed1, int seed2)
        s1 = (seed1 > 0) ? seed1 : 1;
        s2 = (seed2 > 0) ? seed2 : 1;
     * Constructs the generator based on a starting seed.
     * <p>
     * Two generators using the same seeds will produce
     * exactly the same sequence of pseudo random numbers.
     * @param seed the starting seed.
    public Ecuyer(long seed)
        this((int) ((seed >> 32) & 0x7fffffff), (int) (seed & 0x7fffffff));
     * Constructs a generator using the current time as seed.
    public Ecuyer()
        this(System.currentTimeMillis());
     * Returns the next random number
     * @return the next random number
    public double nextValue()
            // m = 2147483563, a = 40014
            int k = s1 / q1;
            s1 = a1 * (s1 - k * q1) - k * r1;
            if (s1 < 0)
                s1 += m1;
            // m = 2147483399, a = 40692
            int k = s2 / q2;
            s2 = a2 * (s2 - k * q2) - k * r2;
            if (s2 < 0)
                s2 += m2;
        int z = s1 - s2;
        if (z < 0)
            z += m1;
        return z * 4.656613e-10;
    static final int m1 = 2147483563;
    static final int a1 = 40014;
    static final int q1 = 53668;
    static final int r1 = 12211;
    static final int m2 = 2147483399;
    static final int a2 = 40692;
    static final int q2 = 52774;
    static final int r2 = 3791;
    private int s1;
    private int s2;
}Make sure you test it thoroughly before committing to it.

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             com.apple.nvidia.classic.NVDAResmanTesla(8.2.4)[80472F2E-D31D-32C4-88BA-2EB3D63 C159F]@0xffffff7f84a5e000->0xffffff7f84cc6fff
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    Kernel UUID: 9FEA8EDC-B629-3ED2-A1A3-6521A1885953
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    com.apple.driver.AppleIRController          4000
    com.apple.GeForceTesla          8.2.4
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    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBTCKeyboard          240.2
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    com.apple.iokit.SCSITaskUserClient          3.6.6
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    com.apple.driver.AppleSmartBatteryManager          161.0.0
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    com.apple.driver.AppleRTC          2.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleHPET          1.8
    com.apple.driver.AppleSMBIOS          2.1
    com.apple.driver.AppleACPIEC          2.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleAPIC          1.7
    com.apple.driver.AppleIntelCPUPowerManagementClient          216.0.0
    com.apple.nke.applicationfirewall          153
    com.apple.security.quarantine          3
    com.apple.driver.AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement          216.0.0
    com.apple.driver.IOBluetoothHIDDriver          4.2.3f10
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    com.apple.kext.triggers          1.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOSerialFamily          10.0.7
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    com.apple.vecLib.kext          1.0.0
    com.apple.nvidia.classic.NVDANV50HalTesla          8.2.4
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    com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusPCI          1.0.12d1
    com.apple.iokit.IOSurface          91
    com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothFamily          4.2.3f10
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    com.apple.kext.OSvKernDSPLib          1.14
    com.apple.driver.AppleGraphicsControl          3.4.35
    com.apple.driver.AppleBacklightExpert          1.0.4
    com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusController          1.0.11d1
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    com.apple.iokit.IONDRVSupport          2.4.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothHostControllerUSBTransport          4.2.3f10
    com.apple.driver.AppleHDAController          2.6.0f1
    com.apple.iokit.IOGraphicsFamily          2.4.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOHDAFamily          2.6.0f1
    com.apple.driver.IOPlatformPluginLegacy          1.0.0
    com.apple.driver.IOPlatformPluginFamily          5.7.0d10
    com.apple.driver.AppleSMC          3.1.8
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBMultitouch          240.9
    com.apple.iokit.IOUSBHIDDriver          660.4.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOUSBMassStorageClass          3.6.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBMergeNub          650.4.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBComposite          656.4.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIMultimediaCommandsDevice          3.6.6
    com.apple.iokit.IOBDStorageFamily          1.7
    com.apple.iokit.IODVDStorageFamily          1.7.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOCDStorageFamily          1.7.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIBlockCommandsDevice          3.6.6
    com.apple.iokit.IOAHCISerialATAPI          2.6.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIArchitectureModelFamily          3.6.6
    com.apple.iokit.IO80211Family          630.35
    com.apple.iokit.IOUSBUserClient          660.4.2
    com.apple.iokit.IOEthernetAVBController          1.0.3b4
    com.apple.driver.mDNSOffloadUserClient          1.0.1b5
    com.apple.iokit.IONetworkingFamily          3.2
    com.apple.iokit.IOAHCIFamily          2.6.5
    com.apple.iokit.IOFireWireFamily          4.5.5
    com.apple.iokit.IOUSBFamily          675.4.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleEFINVRAM          2.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleEFIRuntime          2.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOHIDFamily          2.0.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOSMBusFamily          1.1
    com.apple.security.sandbox          278.11
    com.apple.kext.AppleMatch          1.0.0d1
    com.apple.security.TMSafetyNet          7
    com.apple.driver.AppleKeyStore          2
    com.apple.driver.DiskImages          371.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOStorageFamily          1.9
    com.apple.iokit.IOReportFamily          23
    com.apple.driver.AppleFDEKeyStore          28.30
    com.apple.driver.AppleACPIPlatform          2.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOPCIFamily          2.9
    com.apple.iokit.IOACPIFamily          1.4
    com.apple.kec.pthread          1
    com.apple.kec.corecrypto          1.0
    =========================
    Hardware Information:
              MacBook Pro (15-inch, Mid 2010)
              MacBook Pro - model: MacBookPro6,2
              1 2.53 GHz Intel Core i5 CPU: 2 cores
              8 GB RAM
    Video Information:
              Intel HD Graphics - VRAM: 288 MB
              NVIDIA GeForce GT 330M - VRAM: 256 MB
    System Software:
              OS X 10.9.2 (13C64) - Uptime: 0 days 0:13:4
    Disk Information:
              Hitachi HTS541010A9E680 disk0 : (1 TB)
                        EFI (disk0s1) <not mounted>: 209.7 MB
                        1TBHD (disk0s2) / [Startup]: 999.35 GB (124.43 GB free)
                        Recovery HD (disk0s3) <not mounted>: 650 MB
              MATSHITADVD-R   UJ-898 
    USB Information:
              Apple Internal Memory Card Reader
              Apple Inc. BRCM2070 Hub
                        Apple Inc. Bluetooth USB Host Controller
              Apple Inc. Apple Internal Keyboard / Trackpad
              Apple Computer, Inc. IR Receiver
              Apple Inc. Built-in iSight
    FireWire Information:
    Thunderbolt Information:
    Configuration files:
              /etc/hosts - Count: 60
    Kernel Extensions:
              com.oxsemi.driver.OxsemiDeviceType00          (1.28.13 - SDK 10.5)
              at.obdev.nke.LittleSnitch          (4052 - SDK 10.8)
              com.iospirit.driver.rbiokithelper          (1.24 - SDK 10.6)
              com.squirrels.driver.AirParrotSpeakers          (1.8 - SDK 10.8)
              com.honestech.htvad          (1 - SDK 10.6)
              com.logmein.driver.LogMeInSoundDriver          (1.0.3 - SDK 10.5)
              com.quark.driver.Tether64          (1.1.0d3 - SDK 10.6)
    Startup Items:
              APCTrackerServer: Path: /Library/StartupItems/APCTrackerServer
              DynDNSUpdater: Path: /Library/StartupItems/DynDNSUpdater
              Squeezebox: Path: /Library/StartupItems/Squeezebox
    Launch Daemons:
              [System] at.obdev.littlesnitchd.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.adobe.fpsaud.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.adobe.SwitchBoard.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.adobe.versioncueCS4.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.barebones.bbedit.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.bombich.ccc.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.caphyon.awrserver.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [invalid] com.dymo.pnpd.plist
              [System] com.google.keystone.daemon.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.hidden.daemon.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.iospirit.candelair.daemon.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.iospirit.candelair.sync.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.lacie.desktopmanager.service.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.logmein.logmeinblanker.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.logmein.logmeinserver.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.logmein.raupdate.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.oracle.java.Helper-Tool.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.rogueamoeba.hermes.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.tether.plist 3rd-Party support link
    Launch Agents:
              [System] at.obdev.LittleSnitchUIAgent.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.adobe.AAM.Updater-1.0.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.adobe.AdobeCreativeCloud.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.adobe.CS4ServiceManager.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.adobe.CS5ServiceManager.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.extensis.FMCore.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.google.keystone.agent.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.lacie.eventsactions.launcher.agent.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.logmein.logmeingui.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.logmein.logmeinguiagent.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.logmein.logmeinguiagentatlogin.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [System] com.oracle.java.Java-Updater.plist 3rd-Party support link
    User Launch Agents:
              [not loaded] com.adobe.AAM.Updater-1.0.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [not loaded] com.adobe.ARM.[...].plist 3rd-Party support link
              [not loaded] com.c-command.SpamSieve.LaunchAgent.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [not loaded] com.cnet.ttengine.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [not loaded] com.facebook.videochat.[redacted].plist 3rd-Party support link
              [not loaded] com.spotify.webhelper.plist 3rd-Party support link
              [not loaded] ws.agile.1PasswordAgent.plist 3rd-Party support link
    User Login Items:
              Default Folder X Helper
              Dropbox
              FastScripts
              Fantastical
              Creative Cloud
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              AdobePDFViewerNPAPI: Version: 11.0.04 - SDK 10.6 3rd-Party support link
              Flash Player: Version: 12.0.0.77 - SDK 10.6 3rd-Party support link
              AdobePDFViewer: Version: 9.3.0 3rd-Party support link
              LogMeInSafari32: Version: 1.0.961 - SDK 10.7 3rd-Party support link
              Photo Center Plugin: Version: Photo Center Plugin 1.1.2.2 3rd-Party support link
              googletalkbrowserplugin: Version: 5.1.7.17873 3rd-Party support link
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              BluetoothAudioPlugIn: Version: 1.0 - SDK 10.9
              AirPlay: Version: 2.0 - SDK 10.9
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              InstantOn: Version: 7.1.2 - SDK 10.8 3rd-Party support link
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              Screenium:          Version: 2.1.8 - SDK 10.5 3rd-Party support link
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              Remote Buddy:          Version: 1.24.3 - SDK 10.4 3rd-Party support link
                        /Applications/Remote Buddy F/Remote Buddy.app
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              Endicia:          Version: 2.13.4 - SDK 10.5 3rd-Party support link
                        /Applications/Endicia/Endicia.app
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                        /Library/Application Support/Microsoft/MAU2.0/Microsoft AutoUpdate.app
              Aimersoft Helper Compact:          Version: 2.2.5.6 - SDK 10.5 3rd-Party support link
                        /Users/[redacted]/Library/Application Support/Helper/Aimersoft Helper Compact.app
              /Applications/iWork '09
    Time Machine:
              Skip System Files: NO
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              Auto backup: YES
              Volumes being backed up:
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              Destinations:
                        LaCie [Local]
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                        Total number of backups: 21
                        Oldest backup: 2014-02-03 06:44:05 +0000
                        Last backup: 2014-03-13 14:14:06 +0000
                        Size of backup disk: Too small
                                  Backup size 931.19 GB < (Disk used 814.83 GB X 3)
                        OWC 4TB HD [Local] (Last used)
                        Total size: 4 
                        Total number of backups: 40
                        Oldest backup: 2013-05-29 23:16:35 +0000
                        Last backup: 2014-03-13 21:43:22 +0000
                        Size of backup disk: Excellent
                                  Backup size 4  > (Disk size 930.71 GB X 3)
              Time Machine details may not be accurate.
              All volumes being backed up may not be listed.
    Top Processes by CPU:
                  92%          Dropbox
                   5%          WindowServer
                   1%          EtreCheck
                   1%          Little Snitch Agent
                   0%          Creative Cloud
    Top Processes by Memory:
              369 MB          Safari
              147 MB          soagent
              147 MB          Dock
              139 MB          Finder
              123 MB          mds_stores
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              2.66 GB          Free RAM
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              1.11 GB          Wired RAM
              507 MB          Page-ins
              0 B          Page-outs

    You have a lot of 3rd party software installed which could be the problem. The below show in the crash report. Try uninstalling them using the developer's uninstall instructions.
    com.quark.driver.Tether64          1.1.0d3
    com.iospirit.driver.rbiokithelper          1.24
    com.logmein.driver.LogMeInSoundDriver          1.0.3
    com.honestech.htvad          1
    com.squirrels.driver.AirParrotSpeakers          1.8
    at.obdev.nke.LittleSnitch          4052
    com.oxsemi.driver.OxsemiDeviceType00    

  • In the library there is a cirlce with a exclamination point next to a random number of songs. What does it mean and how do I get rid of it?

    In the I tunes library next to a random number of songs there is a circle with an exclamation point. The songs won't play and how do I get rid of this and what does it mean?

    Hi rjs317,
    Welcome to Apple Support Communities.
    It sounds like there are some songs that iTunes isn't able to locate, the songs may have been moved to another folder or disk. The article linked below provides more information about the exclamation point symbol and provides suggestions that will resolve most missing media issues.
    iTunes: Finding lost media and downloads
    http://support.apple.com/kb/TS1408
    I hope this helps.
    -Jason

  • Somehow a random number appeared on the bottom of all my slides on keynote- it is always the same number regardless of the slide number I am- how can I remove it??

    Somehow a random number (white font on black square) appeared on the bottom of all my slides on keynote… it is always the same number regardless of the slide number I am… how can I remove it??

    Sorry!  I hope I didn't waste anybody's time.  I should have looked first for previous posts and I would have seen other people having the same issue and how they solved it.  Problem solved.  Thanks

  • Random Number being changed to the same number for all rows

    hello all,
    first of all I want to mention that this problem start happening after 2.14 instalation of Power Query.
    I'm creating new column in my query and setting all values to random numbers. The problem is that next step (doesn't matter what it do itself) somehow changes all those random numbers to the same random number for all lines.
    here's code sample:
    InsertedCustom = Table.AddColumn(RemovedColumns3, "Random Number", each Number.Random()),
        InsertedCustom2 = Table.AddColumn(InsertedCustom, "Analyst Full Name", each [Analyst First Name]&" "&[Analyst Last Name]),
    when I'm checking step by step, InsertedCustom  creates new column and all values are being set randomly for all lines BUT when going to the next step (InsertedCustom2) all values in the column "Random Number" are being changed to the
    same number (no matter that InsertedCustom2 itself should not be doing anything to column named "Random Number") . I even tried moving InsertedCustom step to the bottom of my code but it didn't help and still facing this issue.
    p.s. updated my PQ to 2.15 - didn't help

    This is a known issue. Power Query assumes that functions are idempotent (given the same arguments, they produce the same result), which isn't true for Number.Random. Our optimization pipeline is turning Number.Random() into a constant in the scenario you
    encountered, which results in all rows having the same value.
    There's been some discussion of how to fix this, but that won't help you in the near term. Can you describe a bit more about your scenario and what you're trying to accomplish? Perhaps we can help you find a workaround.
    Ehren

  • Random NUMBER generator help..

    Hi all,
    i'm having issues with my random number generator i'm trying to fill my array with random numbers but i keep getting it filled with zeros.... can any one tell me what i'm doing wrong i can;t figure it out..
    for (int i =0; i < 100; i++){
                        int x=(int) (Math.random());
                        data[i] = x;
    }

    From the API "Returns a double value with a positive sign, greater than or equal to 0.0 and less than 1.0."
    So casting the value to int is always going to result in a zero value.
    You need to multiply by a value that is one larger than the value you want to be your maximum. For example:
    int x = (int)(Math.random() * 100);
    should create a random number from 0 to 99

  • Ideas on generating seeds for random number generators?

    Does anyone here have any ideas or know of any good links to articles that discuss how to generate good seeds for random number generators?
    I am aware that I could always probably call SecureRandom.generateSeed as one technique.
    The major problem that I have with the above is that I have no idea how any given implementation of SecureRandom works, and whether or not it is any good. (For instance, Sun seems to hide their implementation outside of the normal JDK source tree; must be in one of their semi-proprietary sun packages...)
    I thought about the problem a little, and I -think- that the implementation below ought to be OK. The javadocs describe the requirements that I am looking for as well as the implementation. The only issue that still bugs me is that maybe the hash function that I use is not 1-1, and so may not guarantee uniqueness, so I would especially like feedback on that.
    Here's the code fragments:
         * A seed value generating function for Random should satisfy these goals:
         * <ol>
         *  <li>be unique per each call of this method</li>
         *  <li>be different each time the JVM is run</li>
         *  <li>be uniformly spread around the range of all possible long values</li>
         * </ol>
         * This method <i>attempts</i> to satisfy all of these goals:
         * <ol>
         *  <li>
         *          an internal serial id field is incremented upon each call, so each call is guaranteed a different value;
         *          this field determines the high order bits of the result
         *  </li>
         *  <li>
         *          each call uses the result of {@link System#nanoTime System.nanoTime}
         *          to determine the low order bits of the result,
         *          which should be different each time the JVM is run (assuming that the system time is different)
         *  </li>
         *  <li>a hash algorithm is applied to the above numbers before putting them into the high and low order parts of the result</li>
         * </ol>
         * <b>Warning:</b> the uniqueness goals cannot be guaranteed because the hash algorithm, while it is of high quality,
         * is not guaranteed to be a 1-1 function (i.e. 2 different input ints might get mapped to the same output int).
         public static long makeSeed() {
              long bitsHigh = ((long) HashUtil.enhance( ++serialNumber )) << 32;
              long bitsLow = HashUtil.hash( System.nanoTime() );
              return bitsHigh | bitsLow;
         }and, in a class called HashUtil:     
         * Does various bit level manipulations of h which should thoroughly scramble its bits,
         * which enhances its hash effectiveness, before returning it.
         * This method is needed if h is initially a poor quality hash.
         * A prime example: {@link Integer#hashCode Integer.hashCode} simply returns the int value,
         * which is an extremely bad hash.     
         public static final int enhance(int h) {
    // +++ the code below was taken from java.util.HashMap.hash
    // is this a published known algorithm?  is there a better one?  research...
              h += ~(h << 9);
              h ^=  (h >>> 14);
              h +=  (h << 4);
              h ^=  (h >>> 10);
              return h;
         /** Returns a high quality hash for the long arg l. */
         public static final int hash(long l) {
              return enhance(
                   (int) (l ^ (l >>> 32))     // the algorithm on this line is the same as that used in Long.hashCode
         }

    Correct me if I'm incorrect, but doesn't SecureRandom just access hardware sources entropy? Sources like /dev/random?What do you mean by hardware sources of entropy?
    What you really want is some physical source of noise, like voltage fluctuations across a diode, or Johnson noise, or certain radioactive decay processes; see, for example
         http://www.robertnz.net/true_rng.html
         http://ietfreport.isoc.org/idref/draft-eastlake-randomness2/
         this 2nd paper is terrific; see for example this section: http://ietfreport.isoc.org/idref/draft-eastlake-randomness2/#page-9
    But is /dev/random equivalent to the above? Of course, this totally depends on how it is implemented; the 2nd paper cited above gives some more discussion:
         http://ietfreport.isoc.org/idref/draft-eastlake-randomness2/#page-34
    I am not sure if using inputs like keyboard, mouse, and disk events is quite as secure as, say, using Johnson noise; if my skimming of that paper is correct, he concludes that you need as many different partially random sources as possible, and even then "A hardware based random source is still preferable" (p. 13). But he appears to say that you can still do pretty good with these these sources if you take care and do things like deskew them. For instance, the common linix implementation of /dev/random at least takes those events and does some sophisticated math and hashing to try to further scramble the bits, which is what I am trying to simulate with my hashing in my makeSeed method.
    I don't think Java can actually do any better than the time without using JNI. But I always like to be enlightened; is there a way for the JVM to generate some quality entropy?Well, the JVM probably cannot beat some "true" hardware device like diode noise, but maybe it can be as good as /dev/random: if /dev/random is relying on partially random events like keyboard, mouse, and disk events, maybe there are similar events inside the JVM that it could tap into.
    Obviously, if you have a gui, you can with java tap into the same mouse and keyboard events as /dev/random does.
    Garbage collection events would probably NOT be the best candidate, since they should be somewhat deterministic. (However, note that that paper cited above gives you techniques for taking even very low entropy sources and getting good randomness out of them; you just have to be very careful and know what you are doing.)
    Maybe one source of partial randomness is the thread scheduler. Imagine that have one or more threads sleep, and when they wake up put that precise time of wakeup as an input into an entropy pool similar to the /dev/random pool. Each thread would then be put back to sleep after waking up, where its sleep time would also be a random number drawn from the pool. Here, you are hoping that the precise time of thread wakeup is equivalent in its randomness to keyboard, mouse, and disk events.
    I wish that I had time to pursue this...

  • A simple question on random number generation?

    Hi,
    This is a rather simple question and shows my newbieness quite blatantly!
    I'm trying to generate a random number in a part of a test I have.
    So, I have a little method which looks like this:
    public int getRandomNumber(int number){
            Random random = new Random(number);
            return random.nextInt(number);
        }And in my code I do int random = getRandomNumber(blah)...where blah is always the same number.
    My problem is it always returns the same number. What am I missing here. I was under the impression that nextint(int n) was supposed to generate the number randomly!! Obviously I'm doing something wrong or not using the correct thing. Someone please point out my stupidity and point me in the right direction? Ta

    I think the idea is that Random will generate the same pseudo-random sequence over and over if you don't supply a seed value. (The better to debug with, my dear.) When you're ready to put an app into production, the seed value should be the current system time in milliseconds to guarantee a new sequence with each run.
    Do indeed move Random outside the loop. Think of it like a number factory - instantiate it once and let it pump out the random values for you as needed.

  • How do I assign images to grid cells based on their random number value?

    Hello everyone!
         I need a good point (or shove) in the correct direction.
    Background
         I've created (with previous help from this forum) a 12 x 9 random number grid which cycles through the numbers 1 to 9 a total of twelve times each. I've then created a button which shuffles the current grid's cells each time it is clicked. I now want to use 9 images that I have imported as individual symbols into the library (I have given them each their own class titled "skin1," "skin2," ... "skin9") as cell labels or the equivalent. I have also set the images up as individual movie clips (using the .Sprite class as the extended base class but keeping the actual image class names in line with their object name, i.e. the "skin1" image is the "skin1.as" class).
    Question
         How do I assign these images to the grid cells based on their respective values (ranging from 1 to 9) and have them populate the grid each time I click the "shuffle" button? So for example, in my grid the numbers 1 through 9 randomly appear 12 times each. Every time the number 4 appears in a cell, I want it to be assigned to the image "skin4" (which is just a graphic that looks like a button and has a fancy number "4" printed on it). Below is a chunk of the code I am using to draw the grid cells with:
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    private funciton drawCell(_numeral:int):Sprite
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              don't want to use text labels as I want to fill each grid with an image according
              to its numerical value (1 to 9).
         var _label:TextField = new TextField();
         _label.multiline = _label.wordWrap = false;
         _label.autoSize = "center";
         _label.text = String(_numeral);
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         cellLabels.push(_label);
         var _s:Sprite = new Sprite();
         _s.graphics.lineStyle(2, 0x019000);
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         _s.addChild(_label);
         return _s;
         While the following isn't working code, it will hopefully demonstrate what I want to achieve inside this function so I don't have to use the above snippet for text labels:
         //This will "hopefully" create an array of all 9 images by calling their classes.      var _imageArray:Array = [skin1, skin2, skin3, skin4, skin5 , skin6, skin7, skin8, skin9];      // This is what I want to happen for each cell using the above image array:      for (i = 0; i < cells; i++)      {           if (_numeral == 1)           {                // Insert skin1 image for each instance of #1 in the grid.           }           if (_numeral == 2)           {                // Insert skin2 image for each instance of #2 in the grid.           }           ...           if (_numeral == 9)           {                // Insert skin9 image for each instance of #9 in the grid.           }      } 
         Again, I don't want to use text labels. I have a custom skin graphic that I want to go over each number on the grid based on its numerical value (1 to 9). Any help with this is much appreciated!

    kglad,
         Thank you for your help with this one. Using the code below, I have successfully populated my grid cells with the desired corresponding graphics. I noticed one thing though regarding my use of the shuffle button with this particular implementation: even though the numerical values residing in each cell get shuffled, the original images remain in the grid rather than being replaced by new ones. The first code snippet below is the revised cell drawing function including your help; the second snippet shows you my simple shuffle button function (where the problem lies, I think).
    Snippet #1:
         // Creates a grid cell when called by generateGrid().
         private function drawCell(_numeral:int):Sprite
              var _label:TextField = new TextField();
              _label.multiline = _label.wordWrap = false;
              _label.autoSize = "center";
              // Creates a label that represents the numerical value of the cell.
              cellLabels.push(_label);
              var _s:Sprite = new Sprite();
              _s.graphics.lineStyle(2, 0x019000);
              _s.graphics.drawRect(30, 0, cellW, cellH);
              // Physically adds the labels to the grid.
              _s.addChild(_label);
              // Assigns a graphic class to a cell based on its numerical value.
              var _classRef:Class = Class(getDefinitionByName("skin" + _numeral));
              // Undefined variable for holding graphic classes.
              var _image:* = new _classRef();
              // Lines the images up with the grid cells.
              _image.x = 30;
              // Physically adds a graphic on top of a cell label.
              _s.addChild(_image);
              return _s;
         So far so good (although I question needing text labels at all if they are just going to remain invisible underneath the images, but enough about that for now). This next part is the reason that the images won't shuffle with the cell values, I think.
    Snippet #2:
         // When shuffleButton is clicked, this event shuffles
         // the number array and fills the cellLabels with the new values.
         private function onButtonShuffleClick(e:MouseEvent):void
              // Shuffles the number array.
              shuffle(numbers);
              // Verifies the array has been shuffled.
              trace("After shuffle:", numbers);
              // Loop replaces old cellLabels with new number array values.
              for (var i:int = 0; i < cells; i++)
                   cellLabels[i].text = String(numbers[i]);
         As you can see, it never replaces the original images that populate the grid. I tried using the _s.removeChild(image) function but that didn't work, nor would copying/pasting some of the code from snippet #1 directly into this function as it would cause another instance of the images to be placed over top of the existing ones rather than actually swapping them out. Any continued help here is greatly appreciated!
         PS Is there a quicker method for posting code into these forums without having to type it all out by hand again (i.e. copy/paste or drag/drop from my .fla or Notepad file directly into this thread)?

  • What algorithm does Excel 2010 use for Pseudo Random Number Generation (MT19937?)

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    Excel 2010, but this reference no longer seems to be available. http://office.microsoft.com/enus/excel-help/about-solver-HP005198368.aspx?pid=CH010004571033.
    The other references below [Ref 1-10] document the history of the statistical suitability of the PRNG and probability distributions in various versions of Excel.  This includes the Wichmann-Hill PRNG implementations supposedly (arguably) used in
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    Any help would be much appreciated. Thanks.
    [Ref 1] B. McCullough, B. Wilson.  On the Accuracy of Statistical Procedures in Microsoft Excel 97. 
    Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. Vol. 31 No. 1, pp 27-37. July 1999.
    http://users.df.uba.ar/cobelli/LaboratoriosBasicos/excel97.pdf
    [Ref 2]L. Knüsel.  On the accuracy of the statistical distributions in Microsoft Excel 97. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. Vol. 26 No. 3, pp 375-377. January 1998.
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167947397817562
    [Ref 3]B. McCullough, B. Wilson.  On the Accuracy of Statistical Procedures in Microsoft Excel 2000 and Excel XP. 
    Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. Vol.40 No. 4, pp 713-721. October 2002.
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222672996_On_the_accuracy_of_statistical_procedures_in_Microsoft_Excel_2000_and_Excel_XP/links/00b4951c314aac4702000000.pdf
    [Ref 4] B. McCullough, B. Wilson.  On the Accuracy of Statistical Procedures in Microsoft Excel 2003. 
    Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. Vol.49. No. 4, pp 1244-1252. June 2005.
    http://www.pucrs.br/famat/viali/tic_literatura/artigos/planilhas/msexcel.pdf
    [Ref 5] L. Knüsel. On the accuracy of statistical distributions in Microsoft Excel 2003. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Vol. 48, No. 3, pp 445-449. March 2005.
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167947304000337
    [Ref 6]B. McCullough, D.Heiser.  On the Accuracy of Statistical Procedures in Microsoft Excel 2007. 
    Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. Vol.52. No. 10, pp 4570-4578. June 2008.
    http://users.df.uba.ar/mricci/F1ByG2013/excel2007.pdf
    [Ref 7] A. Yalta. The Accuracy of Statistical Distributions in Microsoft<sup>®</sup> Excel 2007. Computational Statistics & Data Anlaysis. Vol. 52 No. 10, pp 4579 – 4586. June 2008.
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167947308001618
    [Ref 8] B. McCullough.  Microsoft Excel’s ‘Not The Wichmann-Hill’ Random Number Generators. Computational Statistics and Data Analysis. Vol.52. No. 10, pp 4587-4593. June 2008.
    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016794730800162X
    [Ref 9] G. Melard.  On the Accuracy of Statistical Procedures in Microsoft Excel 2010. Computational Statistics. Vol.29 No. 5, pp 1095-1128. October 2014.
    http://homepages.ulb.ac.be/~gmelard/rech/gmelard_csda23.pdf
    [Ref 10] L. Knüsel.  On the Accuracy of Statistical Distributions in Microsoft Excel 2010. Department of Statistics - University of Munich, Germany.
    http://www.csdassn.org/software_reports/excel2011.pdf

    I found the same KB article:
    https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/828795
    This was introduced (according to the article) in Excel 2003. Perhaps the references in notes 2 and 3 might help.
    The article describes combining the results of 3 generators, each similar to a Multiply With Carry (MWC) generator, but with zero carry. MWC generators do very well on the Diehard battery of randomness tests (mentioned in your references), and have
    very long periods. But using zero carry makes no sense to me.
    Combining the three generators only helps if the periods of the 3 are relatively prime (despite what the article implies). Then the period of the result will be the product of the 3 periods. But without knowing the theory behind these generators, I have
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  • How to get a random number in a range?

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  • [JS CS3] Check the pattern of a random number given a specific data ?

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