Requesting a bit of help with my assignment - Pretty basic...

I have an assignment where I have to create "public double findAverage()" and use if statements to determine the average based on different equations would be. I'll post it down in the thread. I feel confident I have that one properly done. Then I have to create "public char findLetterGrade()" and use if statements to determine the letter grade based on that average from the first one. When I compile it, the compiler highlights "if(average >= 90)" and says it cannot find symbol - variable average. Here's my full code, any help would be very much appreciated.
public class CompSciStudent
    private String name;
    private String year;
    private int labGrade;
    private int examGrade;
    public CompSciStudent(String inName, String inYear, int inLabGrade, int inExamGrade)
        name = inName;
        year = inYear;
        labGrade = inLabGrade;
        examGrade = inExamGrade;
    public CompSciStudent(String inName, String inYear)
        name = inName;
        year = inYear;
    public void setName(String inName)
        name = inName;
    public void setYear(String inYear)
        year = inYear;
    public void setLabGrade(int inLabGrade)
        labGrade = inLabGrade;
    public void setExamGrade(int inExamGrade)
        examGrade = inExamGrade;
    public String getName()
        return name;
    public String getYear()
        return year;
    public int getLabGrade()
        return labGrade;
    public int getExamGrade()
        return examGrade;
    public double findAverage()
        double average;
        if (year == "Fr")
            average = 0.70*examGrade + 0.30*labGrade;
        else if (year == "So")
            average = 0.65*examGrade + 0.35*labGrade;
        else if (year == "Jr")
            average = 0.60*examGrade + 0.40*labGrade;
        else if (year == "Sr")
            average = 0.50*examGrade + 0.50*labGrade;
        else
            average = 0.00;
         return average;
    public char findLetterGrade()
        char letterGrade;
        if (average >= 90)
            letterGrade = 'A';
        else if (90 > average >= 80)
            letterGrade = 'B';
        else if (80 > average >= 70)
            letterGrade = 'C';
        else if (70 > average >= 55)
            letterGrade = 'D';
        else if (average < 55)
            letterGrade = 'F';
        else
            letterGrade = 'E';
        return letterGrade;
}

public class CompSciStudent
    private String name;
    private String year;
    private int labGrade;
    private int examGrade;
    public CompSciStudent(String inName, String inYear, int inLabGrade, int inExamGrade)
        name = inName;
        year = inYear;
        labGrade = inLabGrade;
        examGrade = inExamGrade;
    public CompSciStudent(String inName, String inYear)
        name = inName;
        year = inYear;
    public void setName(String inName)
        name = inName;
    public void setYear(String inYear)
        year = inYear;
    public void setLabGrade(int inLabGrade)
        labGrade = inLabGrade;
    public void setExamGrade(int inExamGrade)
        examGrade = inExamGrade;
    public String getName()
        return name;
    public String getYear()
        return year;
    public int getLabGrade()
        return labGrade;
    public int getExamGrade()
        return examGrade;
    public double findAverage()
        double average=0.0; //change
        if (year == "Fr")
            average = 0.70*examGrade + 0.30*labGrade;
        else if (year == "So")
            average = 0.65*examGrade + 0.35*labGrade;
        else if (year == "Jr")
            average = 0.60*examGrade + 0.40*labGrade;
        else if (year == "Sr")
            average = 0.50*examGrade + 0.50*labGrade;
        else
            average = 0.00;
         return average;
    public char findLetterGrade()
        char letterGrade= 'A'; //change
        if (average >= 90)
            letterGrade = 'A';
        else if (90 > average >= 80)
            letterGrade = 'B';
        else if (80 > average >= 70)
            letterGrade = 'C';
        else if (70 > average >= 55)
            letterGrade = 'D';
        else if (average < 55)
            letterGrade = 'F';
        else
            letterGrade = 'E';
        return letterGrade;
}The Java Compiler has an issue when you send a variable into an if statement that hasn't been properly initialized (AKA with a value). This should work though.

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    I have also a few questions concerning other aspects of the project, I have listed their locations here:
    1. The take() method in class Game, the for-each loop, a complier error with ArrayList
    2. class Parser, a general question about the string tokenzier
    If you want to see how the game is suppose to run, just comment out the bodies of take() and drop(). Not the declaration. Everything else works.
    I shall now provide the code to all classes. I wish there were an option to upload a zip file, then you don't have to read through all the codes and copy&paste all the codes. The complier I am using is BlueJ. And the SDK version is 1.6. With the exception of class Game, everything else can be assumed to be error free.
    Thank you for your time,
    Davy
    class Game
    import java.util.*;
    *  This class is the main class of the "World of Zuul" application.
    *  "World of Zuul" is a very simple, text based adventure game.  Users
    *  can walk around some scenery. That's all. It should really be extended
    *  to make it more interesting!
    *  To play this game, create an instance of this class and call the "play"
    *  method.
    *  This main class creates and initialises all the others: it creates all
    *  rooms, creates the parser and starts the game.  It also evaluates and
    *  executes the commands that the parser returns.
    * @author  Michael Kolling and David J. Barnes
    * @version 2006.03.30
    public class Game
        private Parser parser;
        private Room currentRoom;
        private Room previousRoom;
        private Stack<Room> previousRooms;
         * Create the game and initialise its internal map.
        public Game()
            createRooms();
            parser = new Parser();
         * Create all the rooms and link their exits together.
        private void createRooms()
            Room outside, theatre, pub, lab, office;
            // create the rooms
            outside = new Room("outside the main entrance of the university");
            theatre = new Room("in a lecture theatre");
            pub = new Room("in the campus pub");
            lab = new Room("in a computing lab");
            office = new Room("in the computing admin office");
            // create some items
            Item desk, chair, beer, podium, tree;
            desk = new Item("desk", "student desk",10);
            chair = new Item("chair", "student chair",5);
            beer = new Item("beer", "glass of beer", 0.5);
            podium = new Item("podium", "lecture podium", 100);
            tree = new Item("tree", "a tree", 500.5);
            // put items in some of the rooms
            outside.addItem(tree);
            theatre.addItem(desk);
            theatre.addItem(chair);
            theatre.addItem(podium);
            pub.addItem(beer);
            pub.addItem(beer);
            office.addItem(desk);
            lab.addItem(chair);
            lab.addItem(beer);
            // initialise room exits
            outside.setExit("east", theatre);
            outside.setExit("south", lab);
            outside.setExit("west", pub);
            theatre.setExit("west", outside);
            pub.setExit("east", outside);
            lab.setExit("north", outside);
            lab.setExit("east", office);
            office.setExit("west", lab);
            currentRoom = outside;  // start game outside
            previousRooms = new Stack<Room>(); // no rooms on the stack
            previousRoom = null;
         *  Main play routine.  Loops until end of play.
        public void play()
            printWelcome();
            // Enter the main command loop.  Here we repeatedly read commands and
            // execute them until the game is over.
            boolean finished = false;
            while (! finished) {
                Command command = parser.getCommand();
                finished = processCommand(command);
            System.out.println("Thank you for playing.  Good bye.");
         * Print out the opening message for the player.
        private void printWelcome()
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("Welcome to the World of Zuul!");
            System.out.println("World of Zuul is a new, incredibly boring adventure game.");
            System.out.println("Type 'help' if you need help.");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println(currentRoom.getLongDescription());
         * Given a command, process (that is: execute) the command.
         * @param command The command to be processed.
         * @return true If the command ends the game, false otherwise.
        private boolean processCommand(Command command)
            boolean wantToQuit = false;
            if(command.isUnknown()) {
                System.out.println("I don't know what you mean...");
                return false;
            String commandWord = command.getCommandWord();
            if (commandWord.equals("help")) {
                printHelp();
            else if (commandWord.equals("go")) {
                goRoom(command);
            else if (commandWord.equals("look")) {
                look(command);
            else if (commandWord.equals("eat")) {
                eat(command);
            else if (commandWord.equals("back")) {
                back(command);
            else if (commandWord.equals("stackBack")) {
                stackBack(command);
            else if (commandWord.equals("take")){
                take(command);
            else if (commandWord.equals("drop")) {
                drop(command);
            else if (commandWord.equals("quit")) {
                wantToQuit = quit(command);
            // else command not recognised.
            return wantToQuit;
        // implementations of user commands:
         * Print out some help information.
         * Here we print some stupid, cryptic message and a list of the
         * command words.
        private void printHelp()
            System.out.println("You are lost. You are alone. You wander");
            System.out.println("around at the university.");
            System.out.println();
            System.out.println("Your command words are:");
            System.out.println(parser.getCommands());
         * Try to go to one direction. If there is an exit, enter the new
         * room, otherwise print an error message.
         * @param command The command entered.
        private void goRoom(Command command)
            if(!command.hasSecondWord()) {
                // if there is no second word, we don't know where to go...
                System.out.println("Go where?");
                return;
            String direction = command.getSecondWord();
            // Try to leave current room.
            Room nextRoom = currentRoom.getExit(direction);
            if (nextRoom == null) {
                System.out.println("There is no door!");
            else {
                previousRooms.push(currentRoom);
                previousRoom = currentRoom;
                currentRoom = nextRoom;
                System.out.println(currentRoom.getLongDescription());
         * "Look" was entered.
         * @param command The command entered.
        private void look(Command command)
            if(command.hasSecondWord()) {
                System.out.println("Look what?");
                return;
            System.out.println(currentRoom.getLongDescription());
         * "Eat" was entered.
         * @param command The command entered.
        private void eat(Command command)
            if(command.hasSecondWord()) {
                System.out.println("Eat what?");
                return;
            System.out.println("You have eaten and are no longer hungry!");
         * "Back" was entered.
         * @param command The command entered.
        private void back(Command command)
            if(command.hasSecondWord()) {
                System.out.println("Back what?");
                return;
            if (previousRoom==null) {
                System.out.println("Can't go back.");
                return;
            // push current room on stack (for stackBack)
            previousRooms.push(currentRoom);
            // swap current and previous rooms (for back)
            Room temp = currentRoom;
            currentRoom = previousRoom;
            previousRoom = temp;
            // You could replace the previous three lines with the following
            // which use the stack to get the previous room
            // but note that this makes "back" dependent on "stackBack".
            // (If you do it this way you no longer need "temp".
            // currentRoom = previousRoom;
            // previousRoom = previousRooms.peek();
            System.out.println("You have gone back:");
            System.out.println(currentRoom.getLongDescription());
         * "StackBack" was entered.
         * @param command The command entered.
        private void stackBack(Command command)
            if(command.hasSecondWord()) {
                System.out.println("StackBack what?");
                return;
            if (previousRooms.isEmpty()) {
                System.out.println("Can't go StackBack.");
                return;
            // set previous room (for "back")
            previousRoom = currentRoom;
            // set new current room (using stack)
            currentRoom = previousRooms.pop();
            System.out.println("You have gone StackBack:");
            System.out.println(currentRoom.getLongDescription());
         * allows a player to take something from the room
         * @param command
        private void take(Command command){
        String a;
        a=command.getSecondWord();
        for (Item i:currentRoom.items()) { //a for each loop, since the room's items are kept in a list, but this gives a                                           //compiler error, it doesn't work because items is an ArrayList, but I need a way to pick up the item. I thought that if //given the item's name, I could run a check through the room's ArrayList of items via a for-each loop
            if (a==i.getName()) {
            removeItem (i);
            return;
         * allows a player to drop an item in the room
         * @param command
        private void drop(Command command) {
            if(command.hasSecondWord()) {
                System.out.println("drop what?");
                return;
            //add item method is suppose to be used here
         * "Quit" was entered. Check the rest of the command to see
         * whether we really quit the game.
         * @param command The command entered.
         * @return true, if this command quits the game, false otherwise.
        private boolean quit(Command command)
            if(command.hasSecondWord()) {
                System.out.println("Quit what?");
                return false;
            else {
                return true;  // signal that we want to quit
    }class Room
    import java.util.*;
    * Class Room - a room in an adventure game.
    * This class is part of the "World of Zuul" application.
    * "World of Zuul" is a very simple, text based adventure game. 
    * A "Room" represents one location in the scenery of the game.  It is
    * connected to other rooms via exits.  For each existing exit, the room
    * stores a reference to the neighboring room.
    * @author  Michael Kolling and David J. Barnes
    * @version 2006.03.30
    * @author L.S. Marshall
    * @version 1.03 October 25, 2007
    public class Room
        private String description;
        private HashMap<String, Room> exits;        // stores exits of this room.
        // The items in the room
        private ArrayList<Item> items;
         * Create a room described "description". Initially, it has
         * no exits. "description" is something like "a kitchen" or
         * "an open court yard".
         * @param description The room's description.
        public Room(String description)
            this.description = description;
            exits = new HashMap<String, Room>();
            items = new ArrayList<Item>();
         * Define an exit from this room.
         * @param direction The direction of the exit.
         * @param neighbor  The room to which the exit leads.
        public void setExit(String direction, Room neighbor)
            exits.put(direction, neighbor);
         * Gives a short description of the room.
         * @return The short description of the room
         * (the one that was defined in the constructor).
        public String getShortDescription()
            return description;
         * Return a description of the items in the room
         * (Note that this could be combined with getLongDescription, but
         * this way shows better cohesion, and could avoid code duplication
         * for future enhancements.)
         * @return A description of the items in this room
        public String getItemsDescription()
            String s = new String();
            if (items.size()==0)
                s += "There are no items in this room.\n";
            else {
                s += "The item(s) in the room are:\n";
                for (Item item : items ) {
                   s += item.getInfo() + "\n";
            return s;
         * Return a description of the room in the form:
         *     You are in the kitchen.
         *     Exits: north west
         *     and information on the items in the room
         * @return A long description of this room
        public String getLongDescription()
            String s = "You are " + description + ".\n" + getExitString() + "\n";
            s += getItemsDescription();
            return s;
         * Return a string describing the room's exits, for example
         * "Exits: north west".
         * @return Details of the room's exits.
        private String getExitString()
            String returnString = "Exits:";
            Set<String> keys = exits.keySet();
            for(String exit : keys) {
                returnString += " " + exit;
            return returnString;
         * Return the room that is reached if we go from this room in direction
         * "direction". If there is no room in that direction, return null.
         * @param direction The exit's direction.
         * @return The room in the given direction.
        public Room getExit(String direction)
            return exits.get(direction);
         * Adds the given item to the room.
         * @param item The item to be added
        public void addItem(Item item)
            items.add(item);
         * Removes an item if the person picks it up
         * @param item the item to be removed
        public void removeItem (Item item)
            items.remove(item);
    }class Item
    * This represents an item in a room in zuul.
    * @author L.S. Marshall
    * @version 1.00 October 9, 2007
    public class Item
        // The description of the item
        private String description;
        // The weight of the item
        private double weight;
        private String name;
         * Constructor for objects of class Item
         * @param desc description of the item
         * @param weight the weight of the item
        public Item(String name, String desc, double weight)
            description = desc;
            this.weight = weight;
            this.name=name;
         * Returns a string representing this item
         * @return string representing this item
        public String getInfo()
            return ("Item: " + description + ", weighs " + weight + ".");
         * returns the name of the string
         * @ return the name in a string
        public String getName()
            return ( name );
    }class Command
    * This class is part of the "World of Zuul" application.
    * "World of Zuul" is a very simple, text based adventure game. 
    * This class holds information about a command that was issued by the user.
    * A command currently consists of two strings: a command word and a second
    * word (for example, if the command was "take map", then the two strings
    * obviously are "take" and "map").
    * The way this is used is: Commands are already checked for being valid
    * command words. If the user entered an invalid command (a word that is not
    * known) then the command word is <null>.
    * If the command had only one word, then the second word is <null>.
    * @author  Michael Kolling and David J. Barnes
    * @version 2006.03.30
    public class Command
        private String commandWord;
        private String secondWord;
         * Create a command object. First and second word must be supplied, but
         * either one (or both) can be null.
         * @param firstWord The first word of the command. Null if the command
         *                  was not recognised.
         * @param secondWord The second word of the command.
        public Command(String firstWord, String secondWord)
            commandWord = firstWord;
            this.secondWord = secondWord;
         * Return the command word (the first word) of this command. If the
         * command was not understood, the result is null.
         * @return The command word.
        public String getCommandWord()
            return commandWord;
         * @return The second word of this command. Returns null if there was no
         * second word.
        public String getSecondWord()
            return secondWord;
         * @return true if this command was not understood.
        public boolean isUnknown()
            return (commandWord == null);
         * @return true if the command has a second word.
        public boolean hasSecondWord()
            return (secondWord != null);
    }class Parser
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import java.util.StringTokenizer;
    //I read the documentation for String Tokenizer, and I have a few questions relating to a pet project of mine. The //project is to build a boolean algebra simplifer. I would give it a boolean expression and it will simplify it for me.
    //Which is very similar to what this class does. The documentation mentioned a delimiter for separating the tokens.
    //yet I see none here, is the delimiter at default, the space between the words? and if I were to set manually //delimiters, how do I do that?
    //Once I read in the string, should it be Parser's job to execute the boolean simplification part? According the RDD,
    //it shouldn't, but doing so would keep everything in fewer classes and therefore easier to manage, wouldn't it?
    * This class is part of the "World of Zuul" application.
    * "World of Zuul" is a very simple, text based adventure game. 
    * This parser reads user input and tries to interpret it as an "Adventure"
    * command. Every time it is called it reads a line from the terminal and
    * tries to interpret the line as a two word command. It returns the command
    * as an object of class Command.
    * The parser has a set of known command words. It checks user input against
    * the known commands, and if the input is not one of the known commands, it
    * returns a command object that is marked as an unknown command.
    * @author  Michael Kolling and David J. Barnes
    * @version 2006.03.30
    * @author L.S. Marshall
    * @version 1.01 October 9, 2007
    public class Parser
        private CommandWords commands;  // holds all valid command words
        private Scanner reader;         // source of command input
         * Create a parser to read from the terminal window.
        public Parser()
            commands = new CommandWords();
            reader = new Scanner(System.in);
         * Command returns the command typed by the user.
         * @return The next command from the user.
        public Command getCommand()
            String inputLine;   // will hold the full input line
            String word1 = null;
            String word2 = null;
            System.out.print("> ");     // print prompt
            inputLine = reader.nextLine();
            // Find up to two words on the line.
            Scanner tokenizer = new Scanner(inputLine);
            if(tokenizer.hasNext()) {
                word1 = tokenizer.next();      // get first word
                if(tokenizer.hasNext()) {
                    word2 = tokenizer.next();      // get second word
                    // note: we just ignore the rest of the input line.
            // Now check whether this word is known. If so, create a command
            // with it. If not, create a "null" command (for unknown command).
            if(commands.isCommand(word1)) {
                return new Command(word1, word2);
            else {
                return new Command(null, word2);
         * Returns a list of valid command words.
         * @string list of valid command words
        public String getCommands()
            return commands.getCommandList();
    }class CommandWords
    * This class is part of the "World of Zuul" application.
    * "World of Zuul" is a very simple, text based adventure game.
    * This class holds an enumeration of all command words known to the game.
    * It is used to recognise commands as they are typed in.
    * @author  Michael Kolling and David J. Barnes
    * @version 2006.03.30
    * @author L.S. Marshall
    * @version 1.01 October 9, 2007
    public class CommandWords
        // a constant array that holds all valid command words
        private static final String[] validCommands = {
            "go", "quit", "help", "look", "eat", "back", "stackBack",
            "take", "drop",
         * Constructor - initialise the command words.
        public CommandWords()
            // nothing to do at the moment...
         * Check whether a given String is a valid command word.
         * @param aString the command word
         * @return true if it is, false if it isn't.
        public boolean isCommand(String aString)
            for(int i = 0; i < validCommands.length; i++) {
                if(validCommands.equals(aString))
    return true;
    // if we get here, the string was not found in the commands
    return false;
    * Return a string containing all valid commands.
    * @return string of all valid commands
    public String getCommandList()
    String s="";
    for(String command: validCommands) {
    s += command + " ";
    return s;
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

    right, sorry, that was thoughtless of me.
    class Parser
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import java.util.StringTokenizer;
    //I read the documentation for String Tokenizer, and I have a few questions relating to a pet project of mine. The //project is to build a boolean algebra simplifer. I would give it a boolean expression and it will simplify it for me.
    //Which is very similar to what this class does. The documentation mentioned a delimiter for separating the tokens.
    //yet I see none here, is the delimiter at default, the space between the words? and if I were to set manually //delimiters, how do I do that?
    //Once I read in the string, should it be Parser's job to execute the boolean simplification part? According the RDD,
    //it shouldn't, but doing so would keep everything in fewer classes and therefore easier to manage, wouldn't it?
    * This class is part of the "World of Zuul" application.
    * "World of Zuul" is a very simple, text based adventure game. 
    * This parser reads user input and tries to interpret it as an "Adventure"
    * command. Every time it is called it reads a line from the terminal and
    * tries to interpret the line as a two word command. It returns the command
    * as an object of class Command.
    * The parser has a set of known command words. It checks user input against
    * the known commands, and if the input is not one of the known commands, it
    * returns a command object that is marked as an unknown command.
    * @author  Michael Kolling and David J. Barnes
    * @version 2006.03.30
    * @author L.S. Marshall
    * @version 1.01 October 9, 2007
    public class Parser
        private CommandWords commands;  // holds all valid command words
        private Scanner reader;         // source of command input
         * Create a parser to read from the terminal window.
        public Parser()
            commands = new CommandWords();
            reader = new Scanner(System.in);
         * Command returns the command typed by the user.
         * @return The next command from the user.
        public Command getCommand()
            String inputLine;   // will hold the full input line
            String word1 = null;
            String word2 = null;
            System.out.print("> ");     // print prompt
            inputLine = reader.nextLine();
            // Find up to two words on the line.
            Scanner tokenizer = new Scanner(inputLine);
            if(tokenizer.hasNext()) {
                word1 = tokenizer.next();      // get first word
                if(tokenizer.hasNext()) {
                    word2 = tokenizer.next();      // get second word
                    // note: we just ignore the rest of the input line.
            // Now check whether this word is known. If so, create a command
            // with it. If not, create a "null" command (for unknown command).
            if(commands.isCommand(word1)) {
                return new Command(word1, word2);
            else {
                return new Command(null, word2);
         * Returns a list of valid command words.
         * @string list of valid command words
        public String getCommands()
            return commands.getCommandList();
    }

  • Need help with this assignment!!!!

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    In geometry the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter is known as �. The value of � can be estimated from an infinite series of the form:
    � / 4 = 1 - (1/3) + (1/5) - (1/7) + (1/9) - (1/11) + ...
    There is another novel approach to calculate �. Imagine that you have a dart board that is 2 units square. It inscribes a circle of unit radius. The center of the circle coincides with the center of the square. Now imagine that you throw darts at that dart board randomly. Then the ratio of the number of darts that fall within the circle to the total number of darts thrown is the same as the ratio of the area of the circle to the area of the square dart board. The area of a circle with unit radius is just � square unit. The area of the dart board is 4 square units. The ratio of the area of the circle to the area of the square is � / 4.
    To simuluate the throwing of darts we will use a random number generator. The Math class has a random() method that can be used. This method returns random numbers between 0.0 (inclusive) to 1.0 (exclusive). There is an even better random number generator that is provided the Random class. We will first create a Random object called randomGen. This random number generator needs a seed to get started. We will read the time from the System clock and use that as our seed.
    Random randomGen = new Random ( System.currentTimeMillis() );
    Imagine that the square dart board has a coordinate system attached to it. The upper right corner has coordinates ( 1.0, 1.0) and the lower left corner has coordinates ( -1.0, -1.0 ). It has sides that are 2 units long and its center (as well as the center of the inscribed circle) is at the origin.
    A random point inside the dart board can be specified by its x and y coordinates. These values are generated using the random number generator. There is a method nextDouble() that will return a double between 0.0 (inclusive) and 1.0 (exclusive). But we need random numbers between -1.0 and +1.0. The way we achieve that is:
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    double yPos = (randomGen.nextDouble()) * 2 - 1.0;
    To determine if a point is inside the circle its distance from the center of the circle must be less than the radius of the circle. The distance of a point with coordinates ( xPos, yPos ) from the center is Math.sqrt ( xPos * xPos + yPos * yPos ). The radius of the circle is 1 unit.
    The class that you will be writing will be called CalculatePI. It will have the following structure:
    import java.util.*;
    public class CalculatePI
    public static boolean isInside ( double xPos, double yPos )
    public static double computePI ( int numThrows )
    public static void main ( String[] args )
    In your method main() you want to experiment and see if the accuracy of PI increases with the number of throws on the dartboard. You will compare your result with the value given by Math.PI. The quantity Difference in the output is your calculated value of PI minus Math.PI. Use the following number of throws to run your experiment - 100, 1000, 10,000, and 100,000. You will call the method computePI() with these numbers as input parameters. Your output will be of the following form:
    Computation of PI using Random Numbers
    Number of throws = 100, Computed PI = ..., Difference = ...
    Number of throws = 1000, Computed PI = ..., Difference = ...
    Number of throws = 10000, Computed PI = ..., Difference = ...
    Number of throws = 100000, Computed PI = ..., Difference = ...
    * Difference = Computed PI - Math.PI
    In the method computePI() you will simulate the throw of a dart by generating random numbers for the x and y coordinates. You will call the method isInside() to determine if the point is inside the circle or not. This you will do as many times as specified by the number of throws. You will keep a count of the number of times a dart landed inside the circle. That figure divided by the total number of throws is the ratio � / 4. The method computePI() will return the computed value of PI.
    and below is what i have so far:
    import java.util.*;
    public class CalculatePI
        public static boolean isInside ( double xPos, double yPos )   
            boolean result;  
            double distance = Math.sqrt( xPos * xPos + yPos * yPos );
            if (distance < 1)               
                result = true;
            return result;
        public static double computePI ( int numThrows )
            Random randomGen = new Random ( System.currentTimeMillis() );       
            double xPos = (randomGen.nextDouble()) * 2 - 1.0;
            double yPos = (randomGen.nextDouble()) * 2 - 1.0;
            boolean isInside = isInside (xPos, yPos);
            int hits = 0;
            double PI = 0;        
            for ( int i = 0; i <= numThrows; i ++ )
                if (isInside)
                    hits = hits + 1;
                    PI = 4 * ( hits / numThrows );
            return PI;
        public static void main ( String[] args )
            Scanner sc = new Scanner (System.in);
            System.out.print ("Enter number of throws:");
            int numThrows = sc.nextInt();
            double Difference = computePI(numThrows) - Math.PI;
            System.out.println ("Number of throws = " + numThrows + ", Computed PI = " + computePI(numThrows) + ", Difference = " + Difference );       
    }when i tried to compile it says "variable result might not have been initialized" Why is this? and please check this program for me too see if theres any syntax or logic errors. Thanks.

    when i tried to compile it says "variable result might not have been
    initialized" Why is this?Because you only assigned it if distance < 1. What is it assigned to if distance >= 1? It isn't.
    Simple fix:
    boolean result = (distance < 1);
    return result;
    or more simply:
    return (distance < 1);
    and please check this program for me too see if theres any syntax or
    logic errors. Thanks.No, not going to do that. That's much more your job, and to ask specific questions about if needed.

  • Need a bit of help with a code

    Hello adobe community!
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    ive tried many different ways to go around this but i cannot seem to get it to work...
    please someone help me... in relativly simple answers please =\ im only a few days into flash learning and codeing. but im enjoying what im doing so im learning quickly.
    will have my face to the screen in waiting =D
    Thank you to everyone who took a look at my thread!

    THANK YOU!!!
    REALLY quick response WITH lang i could easily understand...
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  • Help request - Could need some help with a logo for my site

    Hi I'm working on a project and i have come across a huge problem.
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  • Little bit of help[ with a button.

    Good day all!
    I need help making a button. This is what I want to happen.
    I have a bunch of text, One of the words "merino" is bule as
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    cant get to grips with Dreamweaver! I hate it!
    But I am willing to learn and maybe in time love???
    Thanks all!

    "satrop" <[email protected]> wrote in
    message
    news:f0o4t7$954$[email protected]..
    > Good day all!
    >
    > I need help making a button. This is what I want to
    happen.
    >
    > I have a bunch of text, One of the words "merino" is
    bule as to say there
    > is a
    > link hear! And I want an image of the "merino" to come
    up, like a "ALT"
    > box.
    >
    > I know how to do this in "Flash" i.e just drop in the
    image on the over
    > state
    > of the button event. Easy as pie! This is why I cant get
    to grips with
    > Dreamweaver! I hate it!
    >
    > But I am willing to learn and maybe in time love???
    HTML is a lot different from Flash! :-)
    I believe you could do this using DW's Show-Hide layer
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    mousing over the link trigger a layer with the image to
    appear. Someone else
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    Just FYI, having to mouse over a link in order to get more
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    it isn't usually appreciated by users. You *might* want to
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    Patty Ayers | Adobe Community Expert
    www.WebDevBiz.com
    Free Articles on the Business of Web Development
    Web Design Contract, Estimate Request Form, Estimate
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  • A little bit of help with arrays

    Hi guyz
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    I hope I was clear with my problem.
    It would be great if you could provide me with some help. 
    Thanks alot,
    Andrei_L. 
    Solved!
    Go to Solution.

    And just for completeness sake:
    There are only two ways to tell somebody thanks: Kudos and Marked Solutions
    Unofficial Forum Rules and Guidelines
    Attachments:
    Example_VI_BD.png ‏24 KB

  • Beginner needs help with programming assignment

    So I have been working on it and it is reading everything and posting everything to the output file, but it looks like this
    MonthlyRainfall(cm)
    Average: 3.66
    January 7.29, above averageApril3.55, below averageNovember0.15, below average
    When instead it should look like this. Don't know what I need to do to get it to work like this. If I have to much regarding the IF Else statements or I just don't have it laid out right. Any help is appreciated. Thanks.
    Monthly Rainfall (cm)
    Average: 3.66
    January 7.29, above average
    April 3.55, below average
    November 0.15, below average
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    import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    import java.io.FileReader;
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    import java.util.Scanner;
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    * @param args
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    * Title: Assignment 4
    * Description: CS 161 Assignment #4
    * date: October 27th 2008
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    Scanner myFile = new Scanner( new FileReader( fileName ) );
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    String units;
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    title = myFile.next();
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    outFile.print ("April");
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    outFile.print ("May");
    else if (month1 == 6)
    outFile.print ("June");
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    outFile.print ("July");
    else if (month1 == 8)
    outFile.print ("August");
    else if (month1 == 9)
    outFile.print ("September ");
    else if (month1 == 10)
    outFile.print ("October");
    else if (month1 == 11)
    outFile.print ("November");
    else if (month1 == 12)
    outFile.print ("December");
    if (rain1 > average)
    outFile.print ( rain1 + ", above average");
    else
    if (rain1 == average)
    outFile.print ( rain1 + ", average");
    else
    if (rain1 < average)
    outFile.print ( rain1 + ", below average");
    if (month2 == 1)
    outFile.printf ("January");
    else if (month2 == 2)
    outFile.printf ("February");
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    outFile.printf ("March");
    else if (month2 == 4)
    outFile.printf ("April");
    else if (month2 == 5)
    outFile.printf ("May");
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    outFile.printf ("June");
    else if (month2 == 7)
    outFile.printf ("July");
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    outFile.printf ("August");
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    outFile.printf ("September");
    else if (month2 == 10)
    outFile.printf ("October");
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    outFile.printf ("November");
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    outFile.printf ("December");
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    outFile.printf ( rain2 + ", above average");
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    outFile.printf ( rain2 + ", below average");
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    outFile.printf ("January");
    else if (month3 == 2)
    outFile.printf ("February");
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    outFile.printf ("March");
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    outFile.printf ("April");
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    outFile.printf ("May");
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    outFile.printf ("June");
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    outFile.printf ("July");
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    outFile.printf ("September");
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    outFile.printf ("October");
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    outFile.printf ("November");
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    outFile.printf ( rain3 + ", above average");
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    The printf method does not inlcude a LF/CR. You will have to add it yourself.
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  • Please help with Port Assignment issue!

    I have 5 rack mount tone modules connected to a keyboard controller each on seperate midi channels and seperate ports (Controller: Port 1, Midi 1, Module #1: Port 2, Midi 2, Module #2: Port 3, Midi 3 etc).
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    Yep, that's it, they were all running from the same "generic" external MIDI environment, switch one, they all switch.
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  • Need a bit of help with Jumping in a game

    I making an action game (at least for the sake of this question) and when the user presses the spacebar the character jumps. The problem is, if the character is moving right or left, and jumps while he is moving, he will stop moving in mid-air (if the spacebar is released) and just drop straight down. Example:
    press right arrow key
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    It's pretty simple code, actually:
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                      pressedDown=true;
            if (key ==  ' ')
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            return true;
    public boolean keyUp(Event e, int key)
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            pressedRight = false;
            pressedSpace = false;
            repaint();
            return true;
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    Run this code and you'll see what I'm talking about:
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.applet.*;
    public class Testing extends Applet implements Runnable
        Thread runner;
        private Image Buffer;
        private Graphics gBuffer;
        final int theGround = 205;
         boolean pressedLeft, pressedRight, pressedSpace;
         final int width = 10, height = 10;
         final int INITIALSPEED = -5;
         double x_pos = 100;
         double y_pos = 190;
         boolean moveUp = false;
         double y_speed = 3;
         double x_speed = 3;
        //Init is called first, do any initialisation here
        public void init()
            //create graphics buffer, the size of the applet
            Buffer=createImage(size().width,size().height);
            gBuffer=Buffer.getGraphics();
        public void start()
            if (runner == null)
                runner = new Thread (this);
                runner.start();
        public void stop()
            if (runner != null)
                runner.stop();
                runner = null;
        public void run()
            while(true)
                 /* MAIN CODE*/
                //Thread sleeps for 15 milliseconds here
                try {runner.sleep(15);}
                catch (Exception e) { }
                //paint background blue
                gBuffer.setColor(Color.blue);
                gBuffer.fillRect(0,0,size().width,size().height);
                   if (pressedRight)
                        x_pos += 1;
                   else if (pressedLeft)
                        x_pos -= 1;
                   if (pressedSpace && !moveUp)
                        moveUp = true;
                        y_speed = INITIALSPEED;
                   if (moveUp)
                        y_pos += y_speed;
                        y_speed += .15;
                        if (y_pos + height + y_speed >= theGround)
                             moveUp = false;
                             y_speed = 0;
                Draw();
                repaint();
        //is needed to avoid erasing the background by Java
        public void update(Graphics g)
            paint(g);
        public void paint(Graphics g)
            g.drawImage (Buffer,0,0, this);
        public boolean keyDown(Event e, int key)
            if(key==Event.LEFT)
                pressedLeft = true;
            if(key==Event.RIGHT)
            pressedRight=true;
            if (key ==  ' ')
                 pressedSpace = true;
            repaint();
            return true;
        public boolean keyUp(Event e, int key)
            pressedLeft=false;
            pressedRight = false;
            pressedSpace = false;
            repaint();
            return true;
        public void Draw()
              gBuffer.setColor(Color.green);
              gBuffer.fillOval((int)x_pos,(int)y_pos,width,height);
              gBuffer.setColor(Color.yellow);
              gBuffer.drawLine(0, 200, 500, 200);
              gBuffer.drawString(("Move right/left, press space, and it will stop and fall straight down! Why?"), 10, 20);
              gBuffer.drawString(("Hold the spacebar down and it will work like it should."), 10, 30);
              gBuffer.drawString(("ALSO, move left or right then *QUICKLY* release and move in the opposite direction."), 10, 50);
                   gBuffer.drawString(("-- You should see it pause for a second. Why is that?"), 10, 60);
    }Sorry for some reason the tabs get messed up when I cut and pate it from JCreator. :P
    PLEASE HELP!
    Thanks in advance.

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