SGA Cnfiguration?
Anyone,
I am just curious if there are rules of thumb to the ratio of DB Buffers to Shared Pool for best DB performance.
I use DBArtisan which gives me a graphical representation of the SGA for ea db when I connect and I have one of my DB showing a pie chart that is almost all RED (i assume to be bad) vs 50 percent on another that is supposed to be same DB setup between them (one is DEV and one is TEST for same application) The red colors and purple colors are for my DB Buffers and my Shared Pool respectivley.
Here are my stats:
DEV
DB Buffers (MB) 132
DB Caches (MB) 0
Fixed SIze (MB) 1
Log Buffers (MB) 2
Shared Pool (MB) 173
Large Pool (MB) 4
Java Pool (MB) 8
TEST
DB Buffers (MB) 688
DB Caches (MB) 0
Fixed SIze (MB) 1
Log Buffers (MB) 2
Shared Pool (MB) 120
Large Pool (MB) 4
Java Pool (MB) 4
I am not the DBA and my DBA tells me auto config is on so the DB is supposed to be sizing the SGA itself. Do these ratios look correct?
Thanks in advance for any input I can get.
Miller
There's no magic number for db buffer and shared pool ratio. It's highly depends on what is runing on Oracle.
I take the auto config your DBA mentioned is new Oracle 10g feature ASMM
Here's a link you will find useful information from it
http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/10gdba/week17_10gdba.html
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8gb SGA.
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===========
a. Version : 11.2.0.3
b. Unix Sun
c. CPU - 8 cpus with 4 threads => 32 logical cpus or cores
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e. SAN - 10k speed disk drives
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g. 1.2 gb ??
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Target System
===========
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Hello,
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How much real memory is available on the machine?
How large did you make the SGA?
How much PGA do you think you need?
See Oracle version# Reference manual and start with
v$process -- show pga per process and can be joined to v$session to identify front-end process
v$pgastat
v$sga
v$sgastat
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Unable to get the SGA beyond 180Megs
Two weeks ago, we installed Oracle 8.0.5 on Red Hat Linux 5.2.
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------ Shared Memory Limits --------
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max seg size (kbytes) = 262144
max total shared memory (kbytes) = 67108864
min seg size (bytes) = 1
------ Semaphore Limits --------
max number of arrays = 128
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ORA-27123: unable to attach to shared memory segment
Linux Error: 22: Invalid argument
SVRMGR>
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nullMichael H Thomas (guest) wrote:
: Hi,
: Do you have the RH5.2 configured to see your RAM?
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: You should probably check the exact syntax, but
: there are two steps.
: Regards,
: Mike Thomas
Mike,
We've done that. Here is what the "top" command shows:
10:22am up 6 days, 14 min, 7 users, load average: 0.00,
0.00, 0.00
67 processes: 66 sleeping, 1 running, 0 zombie, 0 stopped
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SOA-- Invoking OSB Service Getting Error :ORA-00084: global area must be PGA, SGA, or UGA
Hello Friends,
Really appreciate your help/inputs on the below Error Message encountered while running a Concurrent Program--using SOA:Same encountered in recently refreshed DEV instance, Can it be related to some Developement Instance Configuration related to SOA, as same working as expected in PROD.PLEASE ASSIST
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XXFIN_AP_INVOICES_INT_IB_PKG.invoke_osb_service
-- Define the SOAP request according the the definition of the web service being called
l_soap_request :=
'<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>'
|| '<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:prox="http://OmnicareFinance/ProxyInput/">'
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|| '<Run_mode>'||g_run_mode||'</Run_mode>'
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-->Entering XXFIN_AP_INVOICES_INT_IB_PKG.invoke_osb_service
--> = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
-->Response> status_code: "200"
-->Response> reason_phrase: "OK"
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<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soapenv:Header xmlns:prox="http://OmnicareFinance/ProxyInput/"/><soapenv:Body xmlns:prox="http://OmnicareFinance/ProxyInput/"><prox:InboundProcessResponse><status>E</status></prox:InboundProcessResponse></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>
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-->Entering XXFIN_AP_INVOICES_INT_IB_PKG.capture_error_info
THANKS
ANKURHi..
>
# symptom: ORA-00381: cannot use both new and old parameters for buffer cache size specification
# cause: Both db_block_buffers and db_cache_size parameters are defined in the init.ora (instance parameter file). The db_block_buffers parameter has been deprecated and has been maintained only for backward compatibility. The db_cache_size parameter is one of the size parameters which defines the size of the cache for buffers. These parameters cannot be combined. Setting this along with the Dynamic SGA parameters errors out.
>
For sga_target refer to [http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14237/initparams193.htm#REFRN10256]
which quotes
>
SGA_TARGET specifies the total size of all SGA components. If SGA_TARGET is specified, then the following memory pools are automatically sized:
*Buffer cache (DB_CACHE_SIZE)
* Shared pool (SHARED_POOL_SIZE)
* Large pool (LARGE_POOL_SIZE)
* Java pool (JAVA_POOL_SIZE)
* Streams pool (STREAMS_POOL_SIZE)
If these automatically tuned memory pools are set to non-zero values, then those values are used as minimum levels by Automatic Shared Memory Management. You would set minimum values if an application component needs a minimum amount of memory to function properly.
>
So, the what ever the value are set for the parameter will act as minimum value when sga_target is set.
HTH
Anand -
Suggestion in increasing the SGA and PGA after increase in the RAm of the machine .
Hi All,
Need an expert suggestion on the change's in the SGA and PGA of the oracle database after increasing the size of the machines RAM .
We have 64G of RAM in the machine .
There are 9 DB's running on oracle 10g and 11g on this machine
The total SGA of all the database's is around 18G .
DB1 has 2G of MAX_SGA_SIZE
DB2 has 8G of MAX_SGA_SIZE
DB3 has 1G of MAX_SGA_SIZE
DB4 has 2G of MAX_SGA_SIZE
DB5 has 676M of MAX_SGA_SIZE
DB6 has 1.5G of MAX_SGA_SIZE
DB7 has 1.2 G of MAX_SGA_SIZE
DB8 has 675M of MAX_SGA_SIZE
DB9 has 672 M of MAX_SGA_SIZE
Now the machine RAM is up to 96G 64+ 32
what would be the suggestion on the increase in the SGA and PGA max size .
Any expert suggestion is highly apprciated .
Thanks in AdvanceThanks for this Justin.
Here the exercise is to add 4 CPU's and 32G RAM to the server earlier it was with 4 CPU's and 64G RAM this was decided by the server support team .
here is the stats from SAR command ..
The platform is
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
CORE 11.2.0.2.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
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kernal.shmall
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The amount of free SGA memory available in the database
Hi,
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Here is the script that I use to see inside the data buffer contents:
set pages 999
set lines 80
spool blocks.lst
ttitle 'Contents of Data Buffers'
drop table t1;
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select
o.object_name object_name,
o.object_type object_type,
count(1) num_blocks
from
dba_objects o,
v$bh bh
where
o.object_id = bh.objd
and
o.owner not in ('SYS','SYSTEM')
group by
o.object_name,
o.object_type
order by
count(1) desc
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column c2 heading "Object|Type" format a12
column c3 heading "Number of|Blocks" format 999,999,999,999
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object_name c1,
object_type c2,
num_blocks c3,
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from
t1,
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where
s.segment_name = t1.object_name
and
num_blocks > 10
group by
object_name,
object_type,
num_blocks
order by
num_blocks desc
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Don Burleson
Oracle Press author -
SGA Size for 8.1.7.4 32 bit? , some Interview Questions
Hi buddies,
I got some interview questions, might be simple for geeks in DBA. I am in need of answers. Could anyone help me.
Thanks,
Raaj
1) Does windows NT support direct I/O?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: No, only AIO
B: Yes, depending on hardware.
C: Yes.
D: No.
2) Can you take a coldbackup from solaris and use it on windows NT?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: Yes.
B: Yes if RMAN backup performed from NT server.
C: Yes, after running RMAN convert.
D: No.
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Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: Decreasing tablespace size
B: Decreasing size of redo log members
C: Setting LOG_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL greater than the size of the redo log file
D: Setting LOG_CHECKPOINT_TIMEOUT to zero
4) The DBA is attempting to back up the Oracle database control file. After
issuing the ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE command, where can the DBA find the backup control file creation materials Oracle created for him or her ?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: USER_DUMP_DEST
B: LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
C: CORE_DUMP_DEST
D: BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST
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A: Shutdown normal and restart the database
B: Perform a full logical database backup
C: Perform a full offline database backup
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A: DEFAULT TABLESPACE
B: IDENTIFIED BY
C: TEMPORARY TABLESPACE
D: PROFILE
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database. Which of the following choices does not identify a method
you can use to obtain values set for your initialization parameters?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: Issue SELECT * FROM DBA_PARAMETERS; from SQL*Plus
B: Issue SELECT * FROM V$PARAMETER; from SQL*Plus
C: Issue SHOW PARAMETERS from Server Manager
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A: Change-based
B: Time-based
C: Recovery using a backup control file
D: Cancel-based
9) User SNOW executes the following statement: SELECT * FROM EMP. This
statement executes successfully, and SNOW can see the output. Table
EMP is owned by user REED. What object would be required in order for
this scenario to happen ?
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A: User SNOW would need the role to view table EMP.
B: User SNOW would need the privileges to view table EMP.
C: User SNOW would need a synonym for table EMP.
D: User SNOW would need the password for table EMP.
10) Which one of the following statements is true?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: The request queue is common, and the response queue is different for all the dispatchers.
B: The request queue and response queue are different for all the dispatchers.
C: The request queue is different, and response queue is common for all the dispatchers.
D: The request queue and response queue are common for all the dispatchers.
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B: approximately 3.5GB
C: approximately 4GB
D: approximately 8GB
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A: Limiting concurrent users
B: Limiting concurrent transactions
C: Limiting growth of rollback segments
D: Limiting growth of tables
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wrapping transaction information between multiple rollback segment
extents, where would the DBA look to find that information?
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A: DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS
B: V$ROLLSTAT
C: V$ROLLNAME
D: DBA_SEGMENTS
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TRANSACTIONS_PER_ ROLLBACK_SEGMENT is set to 49 and
TRANSACTIONS is set to 1000. During periods of heavy usage, about how many rollback segments will be actively used by Oracle?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: 50
B: 60
C: 20
D: 30
15) The DBA has a table created with the following statement:
CREATE TABLE EMPL
(EMPID NUMBER(10),
LASTNAME VARCHAR2(40),
RESUME LONG RAW);
The DBA attempts to issue the following statement:
ALTER TABLE EMPL
ADD ( PERF_APPRAISE LONG);
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A: The statement succeeds.
B: The statement succeeds, but column is added as VARCHAR2.
C: The statement fails.
D: The statement adds a disabled constraint.
16) The primary key of the EMP table has three columns, EMPID, LASTNAME,
and FIRSTNAME. You issue the following SELECT statement:
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE LASTNAME = 'HARRIS' AND FIRSTNAME = 'BILLI'
AND EMPID = '5069493';
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with the primary key?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: DBA_IND_COLUMNS
B: DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
C: DBA_INDEXES
D: DBA_CLU_COLUMNS
17) You are configuring your index to be stored in a tablespace. Which of the
following storage parameters are not appropriate for indexes?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: OPTIMAL
B: INITIAL
C: PCTINCREASE
D: NEXT
18) You need to set up auditing in an order entry and product shipment
application so that when the ORDER_STATUS column in the ORDERS
table changes to SHIPPED, a record is placed in a special table associated
with a part of the application that gives sales representatives a daily list
of customers to call on a follow-up to make sure the customer is satisfied
with the order. Which of the following choices represents the best way
to perform this auditing?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: Statement auditing
B: Object auditing
C: Audit by access
D: Value-based auditing
19) Information in the buffer cache is saved back to disk in each of the
following situations except one. In which situation does this not occur?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: When a time-out occurs
B: When a log switch occurs
C: When the shared pool is flushed
D: When a checkpoint occurs
20) In order to allow remote administration of users and tablespaces on an Oracle database, which of the following types of files must exist in the database?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: Password file
B: Initialization file
C: Datafile
D: Control file
E: Nothing, SYSDBA privileges are not required for these actions.
21) You are planning the storage requirements for your database. Which of the following is an effect of maintaining a high PCTFREE for a table?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: Oracle will manage filling data blocks with new records more actively.
B: Oracle will manage filling data blocks with new records less actively.
C: Oracle will leave more space free in data blocks for existing records.
D: Oracle will leave less space free in data blocks for existing records.
22) You manage database access privileges with roles where possible.
You have granted the SELECT_MY_TABLE role to another role, called
EMP_DEVELOPER. To view information about other roles that may be
granted to EMP_DEVELOPER, which of the following dictionary views
are appropriate?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
B: DBA_TAB_PRIVS
C: USER_SYS_PRIVS
D: ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
23) In order to set your SQL*Plus session so that your NLS_DATE_FORMAT
information is altered in a specific way every time you log into Oracle,
what method would be used?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: Setting preferences in the appropriate menu option
B: Creating an appropriate LOGIN.SQL file
C: Issuing the ALTER USER statement
D: Issuing the ALTER TABLE statement
24) You create a sequence with the following statement:
CREATE SEQUENCE MY_SEQ
START WITH 394
INCREMENT BY 12
NOMINVALUE
NOMAXVALUE
NOCACHE
NOCYCLE;
Two users have already issued SQL statements to obtain NEXTVAL, and
four more have issued SQL statements to obtain CURRVAL. If you issue a
SQL statement to obtain the NEXTVAL, what will Oracle return?
Answer: Choose one of the answers that apply
A: 406
B: 418
C: 430
D: 4421.-
2.c
3.a
4.a
5.c
6.b
7.a
8.d
9.b
10.a -
11.a
12.c
13.b
14.d
15.c
16.a -
17.a
18.d
19.c
20.a
21. -
22.d
23.b
24.?
hope it helps u.
Thanks
Kuljeet -
Hey!
we are experiencing problems setting up an oracle instance with an SGA larger than about 500 Megs. The system is running Oracle 8.0.5.1 on redhat 6.2.
It definetly is no problem of some resource limit! ipcs -l shows values suited to about 5 gigs of SGA.
I even recompiled the kernel with the shared mem seg size raised to 128 megs - no difference.
An internal oracle paper I have seen tells me, they have tried the same tests as I have and have no clues how to fix it.
Any shared mem on Linux gurus on this list?
reading STDIN
AndreasI also have this issue. It is showing up on the Vimeo support forums also. Vimeo states that it is the recurrence of an old issue, and that the fault lies with Apple iMovie ios. Those of us with Plus or Pro accounts on Vimeo do not have the 500 mb limit; however, iMovie is not detecting that fact upon connection with Vimeo, and simply takes the easy way out and limits everyone to 500 mb. The solution lies with proper code being programmed into iMovie itself, apparently.
-
I have RedHat 6.1 and Oracle 8.0.5 on Dell with 2xPII and 1.5GB RAM, kernel 2.2.14. When I set in kernel option 2GB RAM, make it, I can set max 70MB shared memory pool in init.ora. With 1GB RAM in kernel, I can set 419MB shared memory pool (its max from standard shmparam.h).
Question: How I can set > 419MB shared memory pool with 1.5GB RAM?
Thanks for all answers.
JirkaThe problem is the default address for mmap, you can solve the problem changing the SGA address, a good choice is 0x40000000, the procedure is:
Shutdown all your instances
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
genksms -b 0x40000000 > ksms.s
make -f ins_rdbms.mk ksms.o
make -f ins_rdbms.mk ioracle
I can get up to 1 GB SGA in my 2GB machine -
Oracle 8.1.7.4 32 bit and SGA size
hi gurus,
OS : solaris 5.8 64 bit
Oracle: 8.1.7.4 32 bit
i have seen documents saying that maximum SGA allocation possible is only 1.75 GB due to 32 bit application limitation.
is there a way in which we can allocate > 1.75 GB for the SGA granules?
any option like /AWE in windows?
thanks,
charlesOS : solaris 5.8 64 bit
Oracle: 8.1.7.4 32 bitAs far as i know mixing 32-bit database and 64-bit operating system is not supported - as 8i is.
Anyway with a 32-bit database you are basically limited to 2 GB per process. You can use "indirect_data_buffer" which will
enable you to increase your database block buffers > 2 GB....
Ronny Egner
My blog: http://blog.ronnyegner-consulting.de -
How do I change the SGA settings?
I have Oracle 9i EE R2 installed on SuSE 8.2 Pro and my SGA settings seem incorrect. For example the Large Pool is only 16 Meg but I cannot increase it in the Enterprise Manager Console (logged in as SYS with SYSDBA rights in the manager). What text file can I change so that when I restart Oracle my Large Pool will be 32 Meg? From what I can tell, the setting I'm looking for is not in the init.ora file.
OK, I just got it working through the OEM but I had to use the OEM on my client side in Windows! Go figure that one out. :rolleyes: On the Linux SuSE side it did not even want to write to the file but on the Windows side it took the changes and bounced the server. Strange way to do it but at least it worked.
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What is the SMALLEST SGA for 10g you can have on Windows OS?
Hi all,
We are setting up a server that will be used for some DBA classes. Each student will get their own database instance to play with. For this reason, we want to try and create the SGA's with the SMALLEST possible amount of memory, so that we can put as many instances as possible on the server.
So far, the smallest we've been able to get them is down to about 68 Megs. If the SGA_TARGET is set to anything smaller than that, we get the "ORA-04030 out of process memory" error.
I've often read about tricks in Windows to make your SGA bigger, does anyone know how to do the opposite?If you eliminate the Java, Large and Streams pools, you should be able to go a bit lower. However, tha means you can not use those features.
Remember that the smallest size is dependant on the definition of granule - in your case it'll be multiples of 4M.
It's been a while since I played with this area, but it seem to me the smallest I managed was around 56M. I also remember having discussion with someone who achieved around the 56-64M size by unloading Java ... all he needed was pure SQL for OiD. -
Regarding Bigger SGA in ECC 6.0
Hi All,
When installing SAP ECC 6.0/Oracle 10g on AIX 5.3, if i am modifing instance memory then installation giving me following error in catproc.sql running phase.
============ ERROR==== ========= ========= ========= =======
ERROR 2006-12-20 09:44:38
FCO-00011 The step runCatprocSql with step key
|NW_Onehost| ind|ind|ind| ind|0|0|NW_ Onehost_System| ind|ind|ind| ind|1|0|NW_ CreateDBandLoad| ind|ind|ind| ind|9|0|NW_ CreateDB| ind|ind|ind| ind|0|0|NW_ OraDBCheck| ind|ind|ind| ind|0|0|NW_ OraDBMain| ind|ind|ind| ind|0|0|NW_ OraDBStd| ind|ind|ind| ind|3|0|NW_ OraDbBuild| ind|ind|ind| ind|5|0|runCatpr ocSql
was executed with status ERROR .
ERROR 2006-12-20 09:44:38
CJS-00084 SQL statement or script
failed.<br>DIAGNOSI S: Error message: ORA-29809: cannot
drop an operator with dependent objects
============ ========= ========= ========= ========= =======
if i am not modifing the instance RAM(if using default value) then installation is working fine,
My Server RAM is 9 GB
When i am installing SAP/Oracle occpy 50% of total RAM, if i am modifing 6 GB RAM then it is not working and giving me error at catproc.sql phase.
My intention is that i want to create little bit bigger SGA greather then 1.7 GB.
I have following doubts, kindly provide guidance.
(1) Why should i cannot create more then 1.7 GB RAM?
(2) If i want to Create more then 1.7 GB RAM's SGA
then what should i have to do during installation?
(3) Which SAP Parameters i have to change to utilise maximum Memroy.
Waiting for your kind response.
Thanks and Regards
K R SinghHi Karmesh,
As a role of thumb, Oracle does not support any extended shared memory segments on IBM AIX. Please take a look OSS notes #105429, 123366.
Additionally, I would like to suggest that you use dynamic SGA that has been mentioned in OSS note #105429.
What kind of memory, you are talking about, in your last question? Oracle memory tuning or SAP memory tuning?
Regards,
Orkun Gedik
Senior SAP R/3 Basis and Development Consultant
ASTRON -
With an XE limitation of 1GB for the PGA and SGA, how would one best preserve this limitation?
In other words, how would one minimise the PGA and SGA usage via ones interface with Oracle?
For instance, in a SQL query I was building I could either (The query has multiple aggregates on multiple tables in a 'one to many' join relationship):
1) Use WITH clauses
2) Use inline views
3) Use standard views
4) Use temporary tables
5) Maybe more possibilities
Without much of an insite into how Oracle 'works' it's difficult to gauge which of these is less 'resource hungry'.
Possibly there is a reference on how to use the PGA & SGA efficiently?
Or possibly a more definitive explanation on what's actually stored in these memory areas (rather than just 'prorgam' and 'system' data).
Regards all,SGA is used in 2 main areas: parsing the SQL and avoiding disk reads by having stuff in memory. There is one SGA for all of XE instance.
PGA is used heavily for sorting, hash joining and 'working stuff'. The PGA is created for each Dedicated Server process. Much of the PGA is inside the SGA for Shared Server processes
SGA: (There are exceptions to each of these 'Rules Of Thumb' or 'ROT' statements)
Good coding technique will allow reuse of SQL and avoid as much as possible reparsing;
Use bind variables;
Do not create SQL on the fly;
Avoid dynamic SQL (concat strings to create SQL on the fly);
Forget about tweakiing the buffer cache as it is mainly a performance thing that you can't do much about in XE;
WITH clause is nice as it may reduce the count of subqueries;
Leave it with 'automatic memory management' (again a perf hit, but it will attempt to optimize mem availability);
Don't reinvent - Use the features that are loaded as they will likely get statements out faster, releasing memory faster;
Stored Views may (often do) grab unneeded table data. When joining to stored views, see whether they can be replaced by cleaner code;
Do not create SQL on the fly.
PGA:
Use shared server when feasible (at risk of performance hit);
Global Temp Tables go into PGA, watch the use;
Maximize reuabale SQL, minimze all other languages (remote or in DB) including PL/SQL;
Watch for PGA wasters such as UNION vs the better UNION ALL, and unneeded sorts;
PGA is 'swapped out' to Temporary tablespace. Make sure temp tablespace big enough ... it's not counted in the 4GB disk;
Avoid using COMMIT except at end of transaction. Avoid COMMIT in loops. Make sure undo tablespace is big enough ... it's not counted in the 4GB disk ;
Did I mention it's not a good idea to create SQL on the fly?
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