Use of Indexes in select query
Hello,
This is on a 9i install.
There is an index called form_id_idx on the form_id column.
Why does this query use the index (autotrace indicates range scan on the index):
select count(*) from table_name where form_id=123456;
but this query does NOT use the index (autotrace indicates full table scan):
select accepted from table_name where form_id=123456;
This second query runs much faster when I use a hint on the index. Any help/suggestions?
Thanks.
The first query does NOT have to go to the Table it all. It can read the index to count the number of rows for "form_id=123456". An Index Range Scan would be fast.
The second query has to go to the table to get the values for the "accepted" column for all the rows that have "form_id=123456". Remember that every get can require a read of 2 or more blocks -- at least one, probably 2 or 3, from the index and 1 from the table. If the number of rows is likely to be large then the number of block get operations would be high. In such cases, Oracle computes that it is faster to do a small set of multiblock reads to read the whole table (Table FullScan).
Therefore, the optimzer weighs :
a. how many rows it thinks will satisfy "form_id=123456"
b. how many index + table block gets it would have to execute (all as single block read calls to the OS)
versus
x. how many multiblock read calls it thinks it has to execute to read the whole table
If the available statistics on number of rows, cardinality or density and the size of the table indicate that operation "x" would be cheaper then operations "a" + "b", Oracle would prefer the latter.
Hemant K Chitale
http://hemantoracledba.blogspot.com
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ec.b2Complexity AS subType,
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ec.b2securityclass as securityClassification,
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b2securityclass,
t1changesafety,
t1actionofficer,
t1changereason,
t1wbsextchangenumber,
creator,
creationdate,
originatorassigndate
FROM mart1m4.cmPrRpIt@TCPROD
UNION
SELECT /*+ DRIVING_SITE(mpsdt1m4.cmPrRpIt) */ obid,
b2ProgramName,
projectName,
wbsID,
wbsName,
revision,
superseded,
lifeCycleState,
b2ChangeType,
b2Complexity,
r1SsiCode,
b2disposition,
wbsOriginator,
wbsAdministrator,
changepriority,
r1tsc,
t1comments,
b2securityclass,
t1changesafety,
t1actionofficer,
t1changereason,
t1wbsextchangenumber,
creator,
creationdate,
originatorassigndate
FROM mpsdt1m4.cmPrRpIt@TCPROD
UNION
SELECT /*+ DRIVING_SITE(nondt1m4.cmPrRpIt) */ obid,
b2ProgramName,
projectName,
wbsID,
wbsName,
revision,
superseded,
lifeCycleState,
b2ChangeType,
b2Complexity,
r1SsiCode,
b2disposition,
wbsOriginator,
wbsAdministrator,
changepriority,
r1tsc,
t1comments,
b2securityclass,
t1changesafety,
t1actionofficer,
t1changereason,
t1wbsextchangenumber,
creator,
creationdate,
originatorassigndate
FROM nondt1m4.cmPrRpIt@TCPROD
UNION
SELECT /*+ DRIVING_SITE(rnast1m4.cmPrRpIt) */ obid,
b2ProgramName,
projectName,
wbsID,
wbsName,
revision,
superseded,
lifeCycleState,
b2ChangeType,
b2Complexity,
r1SsiCode,
b2disposition,
wbsOriginator,
wbsAdministrator,
changepriority,
r1tsc,
t1comments,
b2securityclass,
t1changesafety,
t1actionofficer,
t1changereason,
t1wbsextchangenumber,
creator,
creationdate,
originatorassigndate
FROM rnast1m4.cmPrRpIt@TCPROD
UNION
SELECT /*+ DRIVING_SITE(rnlht1m4.cmPrRpIt) */ obid,
b2ProgramName,
projectName,
wbsID,
wbsName,
revision,
superseded,
lifeCycleState,
b2ChangeType,
b2Complexity,
r1SsiCode,
b2disposition,
wbsOriginator,
wbsAdministrator,
changepriority,
r1tsc,
t1comments,
b2securityclass,
t1changesafety,
t1actionofficer,
t1changereason,
t1wbsextchangenumber,
creator,
creationdate,
originatorassigndate
FROM rnlht1m4.cmPrRpIt@TCPROD
UNION
SELECT /*+ DRIVING_SITE(rnolt1m4.cmPrRpIt) */ obid,
b2ProgramName,
projectName,
wbsID,
wbsName,
revision,
superseded,
lifeCycleState,
b2ChangeType,
b2Complexity,
r1SsiCode,
b2disposition,
wbsOriginator,
wbsAdministrator,
changepriority,
r1tsc,
t1comments,
b2securityclass,
t1changesafety,
t1actionofficer,
t1changereason,
t1wbsextchangenumber,
creator,
creationdate,
originatorassigndate
FROM rnolt1m4.cmPrRpIt@TCPROD
UNION
SELECT /*+ DRIVING_SITE(rzptt1m4.cmPrRpIt) */ obid,
b2ProgramName,
projectName,
wbsID,
wbsName,
revision,
superseded,
lifeCycleState,
b2ChangeType,
b2Complexity,
r1SsiCode,
b2disposition,
wbsOriginator,
wbsAdministrator,
changepriority,
r1tsc,
t1comments,
b2securityclass,
t1changesafety,
t1actionofficer,
t1changereason,
t1wbsextchangenumber,
creator,
creationdate,
originatorassigndate
FROM rzptt1m4.cmPrRpIt@TCPROD) ec(not tested, of course) -
Oracle insists on using particular index in SELECT -- HELP!!!
Here's the situation: Back in November, I wrote a report program that contained the following SELECT statement on SAP table FMIFIIT:
* Get data from the FMIFIIT table.
SELECT trbtr
fmbelnr
fmbuzei
fonds
fistl
farea
measure
fipex
zhldt
sgtxt
grant_nbr
FROM fmifiit
INTO TABLE it_fmifiit_data
WHERE zhldt >= p_bpdte AND
zhldt <= p_epdte AND
fistl IN r_fndctr AND
fistl BETWEEN '4011000000' AND '4013999999' AND
fonds IN r_fund AND
fipex BETWEEN '500000' AND '599999' AND
measure <> 'GRANT RELEVANT' AND
measure IN s_rio AND
wrttp NOT IN ('51','60','81') AND
stats = ' '.
I ran into time-out issues with this statement, so a new index ("Z5") was created on the following fields: ZHLDT, FISTL, FONDS, and FIPEX. This was the 11th custom index added to the table. The program was re-run, the statement picked up the new index, and it ran much faster. Problem solved.
Fast-forward to this week. I wrote a new report program that used a SELECT statement virtually identical to the one above. It looks like this:
* Get FMIFIIT data.
SELECT gjahr
knbelnr
knbuzei
measure
trbtr
fmbelnr
fmbuzei
fonds
fistl
farea
fipex
zhldt
sgtxt
FROM fmifiit
INTO TABLE it_fmifiit
WHERE zhldt >= p_bpdte AND
zhldt <= p_epdte AND
fistl IN r_fndctr AND
fonds IN r_fund AND
fipex BETWEEN '500000' AND '599999' AND
measure <> 'GRANT RELEVANT' AND
measure IN s_rio AND
wrttp NOT IN ('51','60','81') AND
stats = ' '.
Again, the program began running into time-out issues on this statement. I did a trace using ST05, and I found that the system was choose index "3" (FONDS, FIPEX, FIPOS) instead of the obviously-better "Z5" index created a few months ago.
I tried all kinds of things to figure out why it was choosing "3" to no avail. Basis even re-ran statistics on the FMIFIIT table, but that didn't work. Right now, my only option is to add an Oracle hint to the SELECT statement to force it to use index "Z5". In our DEV system, I've used SE30 to verify that this definitely improves the timing bottleneck that occurs when "3" is used.
I've only been an ABAP programmer for a few years now, and this one is technically beyond my knowledge. I don't know what else to try, and I don't know how to determine why the system keeps choosing the index it does. It's especially frustrating when the SELECT statement is so similar to the one from above, and in that case, it DOES pick up the "Z5" index.
Does anyone have any information/strategies/suggestions? At this point, I'm all ears.
Thanks so much!
DaveHi Dave,
based on the query I cannot share your view that there is an obvious choice.
In fact the best index choice depends on what your data looks like and how are the In-lists filled.
Maybe the range conditions are very useful, maybe the in-lists are the most selective criteria.
As a detailed analysis of this is a bit heavy to be done via this forum, why don't you just implement the hint and live happily with it?
Since you find your index sensible and have proven that it leads to better performance, you obviously know more about your data than Oracle does by the statistics.
Now you can either try and learn how the Oracle CBO works (there are notes and books available on this topic) or you just use your workaround although you may not exactly understand the reasons for the problem.
In general - if this would be a support message - I would ask you to ensure that all parameter recommendations are implemented and all CBO patches are installed.
Then I'd use the sql-statement data collection script (there's a sap note containing this script - just search for 'sql_id') to gather much of the relevant data.
And then I'd have to look into the data and figure out what's behind the CBOs decision.
As you wrote that you're rather on the ABAP side of live this effort may not necessarily be worthwhile when you have a proven workaround at hand.
regards,
Lars -
Using parameters in a select query sometimes not working
I use parameters throughout my code - usually without problem, but for some reason in one case it does not return a result. When I modify the querystring to contain the value instead of using parameters it works. Is it because I'm secting a clob? or is it because I'm using a 9i ODP.net dll against a 10g database? this is c# 2.0
here's the source code that does not work for me - REQUEST_DATA is a clob:
public String loadRequest(String PSRNumber)
String returnVal = null;
ConnectionStringSettings connectionInfo = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Scribe"];
OracleConnection myConnection = new OracleConnection();
String strSQL = "select PSR, REQUEST_DATA from stats.request where PSR = :PSR";
try
myConnection.ConnectionString = connectionInfo.ConnectionString;
OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand(strSQL, myConnection);
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
cmd.Parameters.Add("PSR", OracleDbType.Varchar2).Value = PSRNumber;
myConnection.Open();
OracleDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader();
if (dr.Read())
returnVal = dr.GetOracleString(dr.GetOrdinal("REQUEST_DATA")).ToString();
else
returnVal = null;
dr.Dispose();
cmd.Dispose();
catch (OracleException ex)
printError(ex.Message);
finally
myConnection.Close();
myConnection.Dispose();
return returnVal;
}when I replace the line generating the sql, and remove the lines pertaining to parameters it works:
String strSQL = String.Format("select PSR, REQUEST_DATA from stats.request where PSR = {0}", PSRNumber);
I'm fine just using this as a workaround, but I need an explanation why the other does not work - I prefer to use parameters.
Message was edited by:
user633546I figured it out. thank you for your help in pointing me in the right direction.
the problem was there was a trailing space in the data.
when the data for that table is numeric for every record, the query allows me to leave out the single quotes. Trailing spaces do not seem to cause the database to see it as non-numeric - leaving out the quote still finds the record even if there is a trailing space.
but when I put in the quote, it is not an exact string match, so it could not find the record. sometimes this flexibility gets me into trouble :\ -
2 set of conditions to use in a Single Select query in procedure
Good day
I have one procedure, want to use one 2 set of conditions in Where clause
like
where condition1 < value
AND condition 2 > value
AND condition 3 = value
where condition 1 > value
AND condition 2 < value
AND condition 4 = value
How we should combine in a single select statement where cluase.
Please accept my sincere thanks first and looking your advice asap.
Regards
M.K.ThamaraiselvanHi,
While we use this procdure to run at that time it is not picking up any values also it is not running in it, taking very long time.What is not picking the value? Where clause is not picking the value, or
where clause is picking the value but you are not getting the output.
If it is you are not getting the output.
I suggest to run the sql query individually without pl/sql and check if the records actually exist.
Since it is taking very long time, I feel the sql query is actually being executed in the database but could be you are not getting the records (check if records actualy exist or if you are correctly passing the where clause)
Regards
Anurag
PS:
v_sql_string := 'SELECT table/viewname.colomn_name,'||v_order_by||','||v_report_line ||','||
v_output_line||',table/viewname.check_amount'||v_from_clause||v_where_clause||' ORDER BY '||v_order_by;So you are using dynamic sql, can you add an extra line
dbms_output.put_line(v_sql_string);
and check what the actual query is formed by pl/sql, if you are satisified the query is correct run it through sql plus and check why oracle does not give the result. MAy be there is no records satisfiying this condition. And I am sure you meant either table or viewname in (table/viewname.colomn_name) and not something like what you posted.
Edited by: Anurag Tibrewal on Oct 8, 2009 9:15 AM -
Using command button to select query - WAD 7.0
Hello all
Can anyone please tell me how to configure a command button (button group) to display a particular query in WAD 7.0?
Here's what I mean -
I have a web template with three queries. I have inserted 3 command buttons on the template. I want to assign one button to one query, so that the users can select which of the three they want to view. Which Command do I select in the command wizard to do this? Also, is it possible to hide the other two queries, when one is selected?
Thanks
KarenHi,
Here is one approach - Keep three analysis items in the WT. Assign three different data providers to all three analysis items. If you do not want to show any query when the WT first loads, don't assign any query to the data providers. When a button is pushed, you can use the command SET_DATA_PROVIDER_PARAMATERS to assign a query to a DP so that that query will show up.
Other commands that will help you would be SET_ITEM_PARAMETERS using which you can hide analysis items and also, you can use the command BACK_TO_INITIAL_DP_STATE on data providers so that they do not show up if they were blank at the start.
Another way to hide a query is to assign the analysis item to a data provider which is blank.
For your requirements, you will have to put multiple commands behind each button - you can decide which of the above commands suit you best.
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