Regarding ABAP-HR Code

Question

Hi Friends
I am new to ABAP-HR.I am trying to analyze below peace of code but not yet succeeded till.
So any one please illustrates me the below peace of code step-by-step.
DATA: is_i77pr LIKE  t77pr.
  DATA: temp1 LIKE result_struc_obj.
  DATA: temp2 LIKE result_struc_obj.
  DATA: tmp_pnext LIKE struc-pnext.
  DATA: mgr_name LIKE objec-stext.
  DATA: tmp_sytabx LIKE sy-tabix.
  CLEAR: result_tab_obj.
  REFRESH: result_tab_obj.
evpath = 'ZPXO_GEN'.
  CALL FUNCTION 'RH_STRUC_GET_MULTIPLE_ROOTS'
    EXPORTING
      act_wegid                  = evpath
  ACT_INT_FLAG               =
  ACT_PLVAR                  = ' '
     act_svect                  = '1'
     act_begda                  = sy-datum
     act_endda                  = sy-datum
     act_tdepth                 = 0
     act_tflag                  = 'X'
     act_vflag                  = 'X'
     act_sflag                  = 'X'
     act_recurs                 = 'X'
     act_text_buffer_fill       = 'X'
     authority_check            = 'X'
  BUFFER_MODE                = ' '
     keep_order                 = 'X'
IMPORTING
  ACT_PLVAR                  =
  ROOT_COPY                  =
    TABLES
      root_objects               = root_objects
     result_objec               = result_objec_obj
     result_struc               = result_struc_obj
   EXCEPTIONS
     no_plvar_found             = 1
     no_entry_found             = 2
     path_not_found             = 3
     root_not_found             = 4
     OTHERS                     = 5
  IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
        WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
  ENDIF.
Delete Root Org Unit's Chief Personnel No.
  LOOP AT root_objects.
    REFRESH: result_tab_obj.
    CLEAR: result_tab_obj.
    CALL FUNCTION 'RH_STRUC_GET'
      EXPORTING
        act_otype      = 'O'
        act_objid      = root_objects-objid
        act_wegid      = 'ZPX_CFPN'
        act_begda      = begda
        act_endda      = endda
      TABLES
        result_tab     = result_tab_obj
      EXCEPTIONS
        no_plvar_found = 1
        no_entry_found = 2
        OTHERS         = 3.
    LOOP AT result_tab_obj WHERE otype = 'P'.
    Append Root Org Unit's Mgr Name into Description...
      CLEAR: mgr_name.
      LOOP AT result_objec_obj WHERE otype = 'P' AND objid = result_tab_obj-objid.
        mgr_name = result_objec_obj-stext.
        CONCATENATE mgr_name ')' INTO mgr_name.
        CONCATENATE '(Mgr:' mgr_name INTO mgr_name
        SEPARATED BY space.
        EXIT.
      ENDLOOP.
      IF sy-subrc = 0.
        LOOP AT result_objec_obj WHERE otype = 'O' AND objid = root_objects-objid.
          CONCATENATE result_objec_obj-stext mgr_name INTO result_objec_obj-stext
          SEPARATED BY space.
          MODIFY result_objec_obj. CLEAR result_objec_obj.
        ENDLOOP.
      ENDIF.
      CLEAR: temp1, temp2.
    Get references of Chief person...
      LOOP AT result_struc_obj
              WHERE otype =  result_tab_obj-otype
              AND objid = result_tab_obj-objid.
        MOVE-CORRESPONDING result_struc_obj TO  temp1.
      ENDLOOP.
    Get reference of Root Org.Unit...
      LOOP AT result_struc_obj
              WHERE otype =  root_objects-otype
              AND objid = root_objects-objid.
        MOVE-CORRESPONDING result_struc_obj TO  temp2.
      ENDLOOP.
      CLEAR : tmp_sytabx .
      LOOP AT result_struc_obj
               WHERE otype =  result_tab_obj-otype
               AND objid = result_tab_obj-objid
               AND pup = temp2-seqnr.
        tmp_sytabx  = sy-tabix.
      ENDLOOP.
      LOOP AT result_objec_obj
             WHERE otype =  result_tab_obj-otype
             AND objid = result_tab_obj-objid.
        IF sy-tabix = tmp_sytabx.
          DELETE result_objec_obj.
          EXIT.
        ENDIF.
      ENDLOOP.
      DELETE result_struc_obj
             WHERE otype =  result_tab_obj-otype
             AND objid = result_tab_obj-objid
             AND pup = temp2-seqnr.
    1. If the value in field STRUCS-PDOWN for object U, which is
    located above D, corresponds to the value STRUCS-SEQNR for D,
    set the value of U STRUCS-PDOWN to the value of D STRUCS-PNEXT.
    Reduce the value of U STRUCS-VCOUNT by 1.
      CLEAR: tmp_pnext.
      tmp_pnext = temp1-pup.
      LOOP AT result_struc_obj WHERE seqnr = tmp_pnext.
        result_struc_obj-vcount = result_struc_obj-vcount - 1.
        MODIFY result_struc_obj. CLEAR result_struc_obj.
      ENDLOOP.
      CLEAR: tmp_pnext.
      tmp_pnext = temp1-seqnr.
      LOOP AT result_struc_obj WHERE pdown = tmp_pnext.
        result_struc_obj-pdown = temp1-pnext.
        MODIFY result_struc_obj. CLEAR result_struc_obj.
      ENDLOOP.
    2. If an object P exists, for which the value STRUCS-PNEXT corresponds
    to the value of D STRUCS-SEQNR, set the value of P STRUCS-PNEXT
    to the value of D STRUCS-PNEXT.
      CLEAR: tmp_pnext.
      tmp_pnext = temp1-seqnr.
      LOOP AT result_struc_obj WHERE pnext = tmp_pnext.
        result_struc_obj-pnext = temp1-pnext.
        MODIFY  result_struc_obj. CLEAR result_struc_obj.
      ENDLOOP.
    3. If an object N exists, for which the value STRUCS-PREV corresponds to
    the value of D STRUCS-SEQNR, set the value of N STRUCS-PPREV to the value
    of D STRUCS-PPREV.
      CLEAR: tmp_pnext.
      tmp_pnext = temp1-seqnr.
      LOOP AT result_struc_obj WHERE pprev = tmp_pnext.
        result_struc_obj-pprev = temp1-pprev.
        MODIFY  result_struc_obj. CLEAR result_struc_obj.
      ENDLOOP.
    ENDLOOP.
  ENDLOOP.
@ start of code - vinay golchha
Data declarations
  data : root_orgid type realo.
  DATA : root_mgr_pernr TYPE realo.
  DATA : emp_pernr TYPE realo.
  DATA : mgr_pernr TYPE realo.
  DATA : org_unit_id TYPE realo.
  DATA : pernr_tabix LIKE sy-tabix.
  DATA : struc_tabix LIKE sy-tabix.
  DATA: leading_pos LIKE hrobject OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
  DATA : direct_emp_flag TYPE c VALUE ' '.
  DATA: i1001       LIKE  hri1001 OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
  DATA : root_mgr_pernr1 TYPE sobid.
  DATA : result_objec_obj1 LIKE STANDARD TABLE OF result_objec_obj WITH HEADER LINE.
  DATA : org_seqnr TYPE sseqnr.
Loop through all the root org units
  LOOP AT root_objects.
    result_objec_obj1[] = result_objec_obj[].
  Get the Root Org Unit
    root_orgid = root_objects-objid.
  Get the Manager of the Root Org Unit
    CALL FUNCTION 'RH_GET_LEADER'
      EXPORTING
        plvar                     = '01'
        keydate                   = sy-datum
        otype                     = 'O'
        objid                     = root_orgid
      IMPORTING
        leader_id                 = root_mgr_pernr
      EXCEPTIONS
        no_leader_found           = 1
        no_leading_position_found = 2
        OTHERS                    = 3.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0.
     MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
             WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
    ENDIF.
  Looping through the Employees for Root Org Unit
    LOOP AT result_objec_obj1 WHERE otype = 'P'.
      emp_pernr = result_objec_obj1-objid.
    Set thye direct employee flag to blank
      direct_emp_flag = ' '.
    Get the leading positions
      REFRESH leading_pos.
      CALL FUNCTION 'RH_GET_LEADING_POSITION'
        EXPORTING
          plvar             = '01'
          otype             = 'P'
          sobid             = emp_pernr
        TABLES
          leading_pos       = leading_pos
        EXCEPTIONS
          no_lead_pos_found = 1
          OTHERS            = 2.
      IF sy-subrc <> 0.
        MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
        WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
      ENDIF.
    Loop through the leading positions if there are
    multiple leading positions
      LOOP AT leading_pos.
        org_unit_id = leading_pos-objid.
      Get the Manager
        REFRESH i1001.
        CALL FUNCTION 'RHOM_READ_RELAT_BUFFERED'
          EXPORTING
            otype           = 'S'
            objid           = leading_pos-objid
            plvar           = '01'
            subty           = 'A008'
          TABLES
            i1001           = i1001
          EXCEPTIONS
            no_active_plvar = 1
            OTHERS          = 2.
        IF sy-subrc <> 0.
        MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
        WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
        ENDIF.
        root_mgr_pernr1 = root_mgr_pernr.
        READ TABLE i1001 WITH KEY sobid = root_mgr_pernr1.
      If manager found set directly reporting flag as 'X'
        IF sy-subrc = 0.
          direct_emp_flag = 'X'.
          EXIT.
        ENDIF.
      ENDLOOP.
    If the current Employee manager is NOT equal to Root Org Unit's Manager
      IF direct_emp_flag = ' '.
      Get sequence number of org unit
        READ TABLE result_struc_obj
          WITH KEY otype = root_objects-otype
          objid = root_objects-objid.
        org_seqnr = result_struc_obj-seqnr.
       Remove entry from result_struc_obj and modify the table accordingly
        CLEAR : temp1, temp2,tmp_sytabx.
        LOOP AT result_struc_obj
                WHERE otype = 'P'
                AND objid = emp_pernr
                AND pup = org_seqnr.
          MOVE-CORRESPONDING result_struc_obj TO temp1.
        ENDLOOP.
        LOOP AT result_struc_obj
                 WHERE otype = root_objects-otype
                 AND objid = root_objects-objid.
          MOVE-CORRESPONDING result_struc_obj TO temp2.
        ENDLOOP.
        CLEAR struc_tabix.
        LOOP AT result_struc_obj
                WHERE otype = 'P'
                AND objid = emp_pernr
                AND pup = temp2-seqnr.
          struc_tabix = sy-tabix.
        ENDLOOP.
        LOOP AT result_objec_obj
          WHERE otype ='P'
          AND objid = emp_pernr.
       Delete entry for directly reporting employee
          IF sy-tabix = struc_tabix.
            DELETE result_objec_obj.
            EXIT.
          ENDIF.
        ENDLOOP.
        DELETE result_struc_obj
        WHERE otype = 'P'
        AND objid = emp_pernr
        AND pup = temp2-seqnr.
      Delete count of vertically related objects by 1
      if record deleted
        CLEAR tmp_pnext.
        tmp_pnext = temp1-pup.
        LOOP AT result_struc_obj WHERE seqnr = tmp_pnext.
          result_struc_obj-vcount = result_struc_obj-vcount - 1.
          MODIFY result_struc_obj.
          CLEAR result_struc_obj.
        ENDLOOP.
      Set the down pointer of the record previous to the
      deleted one to the next pointer of the deleted one
        CLEAR tmp_pnext.
        tmp_pnext = temp1-seqnr.
        LOOP AT result_struc_obj WHERE pdown = tmp_pnext.
          result_struc_obj-pdown = temp1-pnext.
          MODIFY result_struc_obj.
          CLEAR result_struc_obj.
        ENDLOOP.
      Set the next pointer of the record previous to the deleted
      one to the next pointer of the deleted one
        CLEAR tmp_pnext.
        tmp_pnext = temp1-seqnr.
        LOOP AT result_struc_obj WHERE pnext = tmp_pnext.
          result_struc_obj-pnext = temp1-pnext.
          MODIFY result_struc_obj.
          CLEAR result_struc_obj.
        ENDLOOP.
      Set the value of previous pointer
        CLEAR tmp_pnext.
        tmp_pnext = temp1-seqnr.
        LOOP AT result_struc_obj WHERE pprev = tmp_pnext.
          result_struc_obj-pprev = temp1-pprev.
          MODIFY result_struc_obj.
          CLEAR result_struc_obj.
        ENDLOOP.
      ENDIF.
    ENDLOOP.
  ENDLOOP.
@ End of Code - Vinay Golchha
  REFRESH: result_objec, result_struc.
  CLEAR: result_objec, result_struc.
  result_objec[] = result_objec_obj[].
  result_struc[] = result_struc_obj[].
Regards,
Sree

Answer 1

Hi,
1) DATA: temp1 LIKE result_struc_obj.-
   it declares temp1 as a internal table of  result_struc_obj table that means temp1 posses all functionality, attributes of result_struc_obj.
and we are not directly make any changes to database table for that we must have create internal table.
2)  In the HR ABAP, there are function modules for everything.
like in your code 'RH_GET_LEADER' FM gives manager ID of that person.
If you want to know how this function module works just go to
SE37->give function module name->display-> on the Toolbar you will see ' Function module Documentation' option.
3) IF sy-subrc = 0.
sy-subrc 0 means your Function module worked out and get output. otherwise there must be some error.
4) CLEAR- clears header line of the internal table.
    REFRESH- clears contents or body of the table.
5) LOOP AT root_objects.
   ENDLOOP.
it will go through each record of the table root_objects. it will help when you want to check each record of the table. we can give any conditon after loop at. on that basis loop will execute.
6) READ TABLE -
it reads one record of the table at a time.
7) MOVE-CORRESPONDING - it will move all record to respective fields.
reward if useful.