Can't reboot to my bootable backup.

Two days ago I received my new Mac Mini, which is replacing my five-year-old iMac. So far I'm very pleased, with two minor issues just barely dampening my enthusiasm:
1- The video has "blinked out" a few times. I'm running video via HDMI->HDMI, and I understand this is a fairly common problem generating a lot of user reports here in the forums. I've only seen it three or four times in the two days I've had my Mini, and the "out" time is very brief, about a second, so I can live with this until Apple issues the expected fix.
2- More serious issue: When I attempt to boot from the bootable backup I created on an external drive, I get the following:
"You can't change the startup disk to the selected disk. Building boot caches on boot helper partition failed."
I can't restart to my external drive using the preference pane. I can reboot while holding the option key and then choose the external drive, but the Mini never fully boots after that; it just keeps spinning away on the grey Apple screen forever until I shut it down.
Any help here would be appreciated, as I don't feel fully comfortable with my data hostage to a single physical device. I'm sure all my personal data is there, but I'd like to be able to get at it by booting from that external drive should the drive* inside my Mini fail.
Do I need to install Mountain Lion directly onto the external drive to create the "boot helper partition" and then use rsync to complete my bootable backup? Because all I did was format the drive and then use rsync, which is what I've been doing for years now to create bootable backups.
* = Technically it's two drives, as I have the Apple-installed Fusion Drive. But it is one volume.

D'oh!
The external I'm using is a new virgin drive. I had never installed any version of OS X on it before. So yes, it was missing the behind-the-scenes/under-the-carpet magic. I suppose I could have installed Mountain Lion over its contents, but I just did a Carbon Copy Cloner clone operation instead, which has done the trick. I should be able to rsync for my backups to it from here on out.
Thanks, BD and Linc. Sorry to have wasted your time. I should have known better than to have just partitioned, formatted, and started the rsync backups without first either doing a proper volume clone or an OS X install.
Best wishes,
John H

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