Circular Linked List Help

Hi,
I'm developing a circular linked list class.. However everytime I add to the front of the list it overwrites the first element in the list.. I pretty confused at the moment. If anyone could assist me in what I'm doing wrong it would be greatly appreciated..
My Class:
public class CNode<T>
     public T nodeValue;          //data held by the node
     public CNode<T> next;     //next node in the list
     //default constructor; next references node itself
     public CNode()
          nodeValue = null;
          next = this;
     //constructor; initializes nodeValue to item
     //and sets the next to reference the node itself
     public CNode(T item)
          nodeValue = item;
          next = this;
}My addFirst:
public static <T> void addFirst(CNode<T> header, T item)
          CNode<T> curr;
          CNode<T> newNode = new CNode<T>(item);
          //header.next = newNode;
          //newNode.next = header;
          curr = header;
          newNode.next = header;
          curr.next = newNode;
     }

You need a Node class and a class that manages the nodes. The class the manages the nodes is typically called something like MyLinkedList. The MyLinkedList class will typically have a member called 'head' or 'first' and another member called 'last', 'end', or 'tail'. Those members will contain references to the first node and the last node respectively.
The methods like add(), remove(), find(), etc. will be members of the MyLinkedList class--not the Node class. The add() method of the MyLinkedList class will create a node, set the value of the node, and then set the next member to refer to the proper node or null if the node is added to the end of the list. Therefore, there is really no need for a default constructor in the node class. The MyLinkedList class will always set the value of the node, and then set it's next member to refer to something.
You might want to try to write a linear linked list first, and get that working, and then modify it to make it a circular linked list. In addition, you should be drawing pictures of nodes with arrows connecting the different nodes to understand what's going on. Whenver the next member of a node refers to another node, draw an arrow starting at the next member and ending at the node it refers to. The pictures will be especially helpful when you write functions like add().
Message was edited by:
7stud

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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 

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    Did your prof mention any sort algorithms you might use? He states later in the assignment that I have to generate different growth reports by using MergeSort.
    I appreciate your help and comments. Unfortunately my prof. is very vague about the assignment and its implementation in his outline. He just kind of throws us into it hoping that we will figure it out.

  • Java Linked List Help

    Hey,
    I am having trouble understanding the Linked List implementation code given under the Node Operations part of this pdf.
    http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~jrs/61b/lec/07.pdf
    public ListNode(int item, ListNode next) {
    this.item = item;
    this.next = next;
    public ListNode(int item) {
    this(item, null);
    ListNode l1 = new ListNode(7, new ListNode(0, new ListNode(6)));
    I understand the earlier implementation, but this one has me confused. Would someone please go through/explain the flow of this implementation with me?
    Thanks

    Well the code is pretty self explanitory.
    a ListNode class that has two fields. an int field item, and a ListNode field next.
    so when you create a ListNode object you can do so by one of two means passing one parameter or passing two parameters.
    if you pass one parameter then you have a ListNode which has an int say 1 and a ListNode object who's value is null.
    if you pass two parameters then you have a ListNode which has an int say 2 and a ListNode object who's value is the ListNode you pass to it.
    ex ListNode myNode = ListNode(1,new ListNode(2));
    so myNode now has an integer 1 and a reference to another ListNode which has an integer value of 2 and a reference to a null ListNode.
    hope this helps.

  • Linked List Help!

    Hi,
    I have an assignment on linked lists, as a beginner I am really struggling with it for hours...
    I have to write the following methods without importing any libraries.
    "Write an iterative method delete() for LinkedStackOfStrings that takes an integer parameter k and deletes the kth element (assuming it exists).
    Write a method find() that takes an instance of LinkedStackOfStrings and a string key as arguments and returns true if some node in the list has key as its item field, false otherwise."
    It must be implemented in the code on this site:
    [http://www.cs.princeton.edu/introcs/43stack/LinkedStackOfStrings.java.html]
    Help would be appreciated! I have been trying for hours :(

    vdL wrote:
    Thanks for the reply! Yes, I forgot add what my actual problem is.
    If I am correct, I will need to be able to traverse through the list up to a certain point, redirect and redirect the pointers.
    My problem is I am able to traverse through the list using 'for(Node x = first; x != null; x= x.next)' but I do not know how make it only run up to a particular position in the list.You can keep an integer counter, increment it each time through the loop, and break out of the loop when the counter is big enough. Example of breaking:
    if (n == k) break;
    And also, how not to loose the previous Node when traversing trough the list.You're allowed to have multiple references. So you could keep one reference to the current node, and one reference to the one before it.
    Or, rather than looping through the list until you find the kth element, loop until you find the (k - 1)th element, then (if it exists) remove the one after it.

  • Link list help

    Hi, I am implementing a graph for my Java project and part of the coding requires link list for the edges.
    I wrote the code, but I just don't understand why it does not function the way like it is in C++.
    Bascilly, I have trouble adding data into a linklist
    My codes are as follows:
    public int insertLink(String fCity, String tCity, int distance)
         int location = find(fCity);
         if(location == -1)
              return -1;
         else
         insertNode(new Link(tCity,distance), location);
         return 0;     
    private void insertNode(Link node, int index)
              Link head = vertex[index].head;
              while(head != null)
                   head = head.next;
              head = node;
    This is to add stuff to the list, but for some reason, when i try to display the data, i keep getting null. somehow when
    head = node
    head = new Link(data, data);
    the head points to somwhere else, and not refer to the linklist vertex[index].head anymore...
    Here is my code to display my data:
    public void printVertex()
         for(int i = 0; i < vertex.length; i++)
              if(vertex[i] != null)
                   System.out.print(vertex[i]+" --");
                   Link node = vertex.head;
                   while(node != null)
              System.out.print(node.toCity+","+node.distance+"--");
                             node = node.next;
                   System.out.println();
    Am i doing something wrong so my linklist isn't implement correct?
    THank you.

    Hi, the "fix" for head.next != null didn't work
    private void insertNode(Link node, int index)
              Link head = vertex[index].head;
              while(head != null)
                   head = head.next;
              head = node;
              System.out.println(head.toCity+","+head.distance);
              System.out.println(vertex[index].head.toCity+","+vertex[index].head.distance);
         }basiclly. When i do System.out.println(head.toCity+","+head.distance);, it can display data
    but System.out.println(vertex[index].head.toCity+","+vertex[index].head.distance);
    it throow null's error.
    Btw, yes , i know Java have build in Link list, but unfortunately, my professor likes to reinvent the wheel and want us to do everything from scratch...
    So any other help will be useful, thank you.

  • Alphabetizing a linked list, HELP!

    To all:
    Firstly, I'm not looking for someone to do my assignment for me. I just need a push in the right direction...
    I need to create a linked list that contains nodes of a single string (a first name), but that list needs to be alphabetized and that's where I am stuck.
    I can use an iterator method that will display a plain-old "make a new node the head" linked list with no problem. But I'm under the impression that an iterator method is also the way to go in alphabetizing this list (that is using an iterative method to determine the correct place to place a new node in the linked list). And I am having zero luck doing that.
    The iterator method looks something like this:
    // ---- MyList: DisplayList method ----
    void DisplayList()
    ListNode p;
    for (ResetIterator(); (p = Iterate()) != null; )
    p.DisplayNode();
    // ---- MyList: ResetIterator method ----
    void ResetIterator()
    current = head;
    // ---- MyList: Iterate method ----
    ListNode Iterate()
    if (current != null)
    current = current.next;
    return current;
    Can I use the same iterator method to both display the final linked list AND alphabetize my linked list or do I need to create a whole new iterator method, one for each?
    Please, someone give me a hint where to go with this. I've spent something like 15 hours so far trying to figure this thing out and I'm just stuck.
    Thanks so much,
    John
    [email protected]

    I'll try and point you in the right direction without being too explicit as you request.
    Is your "linked list" an instance of the Java class java.util.LinkedList or a class of your own?
    If it is the Java class, then check out some of the other types of Collections that provide built-in sorting. You should be able to easily convert from your List to another type of Collection and back again to implement the sorting. (hint: you can do this in two lines of code).
    If this is your own class and you want to code the sort yourself, implement something simple such as a bubble sort (should be easy to research on the web).
    Converting to an array, sorting that and converting back is another option.
    Good Luck.

  • Array of Linked List Help

    I am fairly new to Java, and Linked Lists. Can you tell me how I can fix my code? Why does my code print infinite "3" s. That is all I am trying to do is create a linked list and put that linked list into index 2 of the array. In the loop, I am setting up a whole bunch on null Node's, is it even possible to link all these nodes together in that same loop? If something does not make sense, I will try to elaborate. I will eventually impliment an insert method in the Node class, are there any pointers on how to implement it? What are the special cases I need to be looking for when implementing the insert method?
    * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates
    * and open the template in the editor.
    package testlinkedlist;
    * @author Ben
    public class Main {
         * @param args the command line arguments
        public static Node l;
        public static Node p = new Node();
        public static Node Front;
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Node[] anArray = new Node[4];
            for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++){
                anArray[i] = new Node();
                l = new Node(i);
                l.setLink(l);
            anArray[2] = l;         
            while(anArray[2] != null){
                System.out.println(anArray[2].dataInNode());
                anArray[2] = anArray[2].next;
    }

    l = new Node(i);
    l.setLink(l);The node l is created in line one, in line two a link is created from l to l. In other words here is the presence of your infinite loop which is magnified in the following piece of code:
    anArray[2] = l;         
    while(anArray[2] != null){
      System.out.println(anArray[2].dataInNode());
      anArray[2] = anArray[2].next;
    }Mel

  • Linked lists help... how exactly is this a NullPointerException?

    So I have a linked list class with variables head and tail both initialized to "null", with variables for size, declare, and traveler (not really relevant to this though). We have to create methods to manipulate said list.
    For a test I declared an instance of this linked list:
    static SinglyLinkedList list = new SinglyLinkedList();One of the methods we have to create is an append method, here's the code for that:
    public void append(Object dataToAdd)
              if(head == null & tail == null)
                   head = new Node(dataToAdd, null);
                   tail = head;
              else
                   tail.next = new Node(dataToAdd, null);
                   tail = tail.next;
         }Testing it with...
    list.append("A");Gives null pointer exceptions at the if statement in the append method as well as at the list.append line. But why? What is exactly pointing to null?

    Ah... I didn't think of head not being null but tail being null.
    I initiated the traveler node in the linked list class to head.
    then I added this in between the if and else statements I had:
    else if(head != null & tail == null)
                   while(traveler.next != null)
                        traveler = traveler.next;
                   tail = traveler;
                   tail.next = new Node(dataToAdd, null);
                   tail = tail.next;
                            }But it's still giving me the same errors.
    Edited by: klawson88 on Feb 12, 2009 12:32 AM

  • Create a linked list

    Hi guys!
    I read the manual of java 2 and says that is not that pointers don't exist, they do exist but they are not explicit as they are in C languagge. So in need to create a circular linked list how can I do this? The instructions of the manual are not so clear. Does anyone have an idea and can give me a sample code?
    Thanks to all
    Maddy

    References are like pointers except that you cannot make any add operation on them. But you can of course change their values to make it point to other objects.
    This also means that you can create graph objects and every data structure you like. For example :
    class BinaryNode {
        public Object data;
        public BinaryNode left;
        public BinaryNode right;
    }To create binary trees or
    class GraphNode {
        public Object data;
        public ArrayList links;
    }Where links is a Java list containing a list of links (references) to other GraphNode.
    Matthieu

  • Need help regarding Linked List

    I'm a beginner who just spent ages working on the following code.. but need help on re-implementing the following using a linked list, i.e. no array is allowed for customer records but you still can use arrays for names, address, etc.. Hopefully I've inserted enough comments..
    Help very much appreciated!! Thanks! =]
    import java.util.Scanner;
    import java.io.*;
    public class Bank
    /* Private variables declared so that the data is only accessible to its own
         class, but not to any other class, thus preventing other classes from
         referring to the data directly */
    private static Customer[] customerList = new Customer[30];               
         //Array of 30 objects created for storing information of each customer
    private static int noOfCustomers;                                                       
         //Integer used to store number of customers in customerList
         public static void main(String[] args)
              Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
              menu();
         public static void menu()
              char choice;
              String filename;
              int custId,counter=0;
              double interestRate;
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
              do
              //Displaying of Program Menu for user to choose
         System.out.println("ABC Bank Customer Management System Menu");     
         System.out.println("========================================");
         System.out.println("(1) Input Data from File");
         System.out.println("(2) Display Data");
         System.out.println("(3) Output Data to File");
                   System.out.println("(4) Delete Record");
                   System.out.println("(5) Update Record");
         System.out.println("(Q) Quit");
                   System.out.println();
                   System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");
                   String input = sc.next();
                   System.out.println();
                   choice = input.charAt(0);     
              //switch statement used to assign each 'selection' to its 'operation'               
         switch(choice)
         case '1': int noOfRecords;
                                       System.out.print("Enter file name: ");
              sc.nextLine();                                             
              filename = sc.nextLine();
                                       System.out.println();
              noOfRecords = readFile(filename);
    System.out.println(+noOfRecords+" records read.");
              break;
         case '2': displayRecords();
              break;
         case '3': writeFile();
         break;
                        case '4': System.out.print("Enter account ID to be deleted: ");
                                       sc.nextLine();
                                       custId = sc.nextInt();
                                       deleteRecord(custId);
                                       break;
                        case '5': if(counter==0)
              System.out.print("Enter current interest rate for saving account: ");
                                            sc.nextLine();
                                            interestRate = sc.nextDouble();
                                            update(interestRate);
                                            counter++;
                                       else
              System.out.println("Error: Accounts have been updated for the month.");
                                            break;
                   }System.out.println();
         }while(choice!='Q' && choice!='q');
    /* The method readFile() loads the customer list of a Bank from a specified
         text file fileName into customerList to be stored as array of Customer
         objects in customerList in ascending alphabetical order according to the
         customer names */
    public static int readFile(String fileName)
         int custId,i=0;
              String custName,custAddress,custBirthdate,custPhone,custAccType;
              double custBalance,curRate;
              boolean d;
    /* Try block to enclose statements that might throw an exception, followed by
         the catch block to handle the exception */
    try
                   Scanner sc = new Scanner(new File(fileName));
    while(sc.hasNext())          
    /* sc.next() gets rid of "Account", "Id" and "=" */
    sc.next();sc.next();sc.next();
    custId = sc.nextInt();
                        d=checkDuplicate(custId);               
    /* checkDuplicate() is a method created to locate duplicating ids in array */
    if(d==true)
    /* A return value of true indicates duplicating record and the sc.nextLine()
         will get rid of all the following lines to read the next customer's record */
                             sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();
                             sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();
                             continue;     
    /* A return value of false indicates no duplicating record and the following
         lines containing the information of that customer's record is being read
         in */
                        if(d==false)
    /* sc.next() gets rid of "Name" and "=" and name is changed to upper case*/
         sc.next();sc.next();
         custName = sc.nextLine().toUpperCase();
    /* sc.nextLine get rids of the following lines to read the next customer's
         record if length of name is more than 20 characters*/
         if(custName.length()>21)
    System.out.println("Name of custId "+custId+" is more than 20 characters");
                                  System.out.println();
         sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();
         continue;
    /* sc.next() gets rid of "Address" and "=" */           
         sc.next();sc.next();
         custAddress = sc.nextLine();
    /* sc.nextLine get rids of the following lines to read the next customer's
         record if length of address is more than 80 characters*/                         
                             if(custAddress.length()>81)
    System.out.println("Address of custId "+custId+" is more than 80 characters");
                                  System.out.println();
         sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();
         continue;
    /* sc.next() gets rid of "DOB" and "=" */                              
         sc.next();sc.next();
         custBirthdate = sc.nextLine();
    /* sc.nextLine get rids of the following lines to read the next customer's
         record if length of date of birth is more than 10 characters*/                         
                             if(custBirthdate.length()>11)
    System.out.println("D.O.B of custId "+custId+" is more than 10 characters");
                                  System.out.println();
         sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();
         continue;
    /* sc.next() gets rid of "Phone", "Number" and "=" */                              
         sc.next();sc.next();sc.next();
         custPhone = sc.nextLine();
    /* sc.nextLine get rids of the following lines to read the next customer's
         record if length of phone number is more than 8 characters*/                         
                             if(custPhone.length()>9)
    System.out.println("Phone no. of custId "+custId+" is more than 8 characters");
                                  System.out.println();
         sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();sc.nextLine();
         continue;
    /* sc.next() gets rid of "Account", "Balance" and "=" */                              
         sc.next();sc.next();sc.next();
         custBalance = sc.nextDouble();
    /* sc.next() gets rid of "Account", "Type" and "=" */                              
                             sc.next();sc.next();sc.next();
                             custAccType = sc.next();
                             if(custAccType.equals("Saving"))
    customerList[noOfCustomers] = new Account1(custId,custName,custAddress,custBirthdate,custPhone,custBalance,custAccType);
    sc.nextLine();
                                                 noOfCustomers++;
                                                 i++;
    else if(custAccType.equals("Checking"))
    customerList[noOfCustomers] = new Account2(custId,custName,custAddress,custBirthdate,custPhone,custBalance,custAccType);
                                                 sc.nextLine();
                                                 noOfCustomers++;
                                                 i++;
    else if(custAccType.equals("Fixed"))
    sc.next();sc.next();sc.next();sc.next();
                                                 curRate = sc.nextDouble();
                                                 Account3 temp = new Account3(custId,custName,custAddress,custBirthdate,custPhone,custBalance,custAccType,curRate);
                                                 customerList[noOfCustomers]=temp;
                                                 sc.nextLine();
                                                 noOfCustomers++;
                                                 i++;
                             else
                                  System.out.println("Account type not defined.");
         if(noOfCustomers==30)
         System.out.println("The customer list has reached its maximum limit of 30 records!");
         System.out.println();
         return noOfCustomers;
    //Exceptions to be caught
    catch (FileNotFoundException e)
    System.out.println("Error opening file");
    System.exit(0);
    catch (IOException e)
    System.out.println("IO error!");
    System.exit(0);
    /* Bubblesort method used to sort the array in ascending alphabetical order
         according to customer's name */
    bubbleSort(customerList);
              return i;
    /* The method displayRecords() displays the data of the customer records on
         screen */
    public static void displayRecords()
    int k;
    /* Displaying text using the printf() method */
         for(k=0;k<noOfCustomers;k++)
         System.out.printf("Name = %s\n", customerList[k].getName());
         System.out.printf("Account Balance = %.2f\n", customerList[k].getBalance());
         System.out.printf("Account Id = %d\n", customerList[k].getId());
    System.out.printf("Address = %s\n", customerList[k].getAddress());
    System.out.printf("DOB = %s\n", customerList[k].getBirthdate());
    System.out.printf("Phone Number = %s\n", customerList[k].getPhone());
         String type = customerList[k].getAccType();
         System.out.println("Account Type = " +type);
    if(type.equals("Fixed"))
         System.out.println("Fixed daily interest = "+((Account3)customerList[k]).getFixed());
         System.out.println();               
    /* The method writeFile() saves the content from customerList into a
         specified text file. Data is printed on the screen at the same time */
    public static void writeFile()
    /* Try block to enclose statements that might throw an exception, followed by
    the catch block to handle the exception */
    try
    int i;
              int n=0;
    //PrintWriter class used to write contents of studentList to specified file
              FileWriter fwStream = new FileWriter("newCustomers.txt");
              BufferedWriter bwStream = new BufferedWriter(fwStream);
              PrintWriter pwStream = new PrintWriter(bwStream);     
    for(i=0;i<noOfCustomers;i++)
         pwStream.println("Account Id = "+customerList.getId());
              pwStream.println("Name = "+customerList[i].getName());
    pwStream.println("Address = "+customerList[i].getAddress());
    pwStream.println("DOB = "+customerList[i].getBirthdate());
    pwStream.println("Phone Number = "+customerList[i].getPhone());
              pwStream.printf("Account Balance = %.2f\n", customerList[i].getBalance());
              pwStream.println("Account Type = "+customerList[i].getAccType());
                   if(customerList[i].getAccType().equals("Fixed"))
                        pwStream.println("Fixed Daily Interest = "+((Account3)customerList[i]).getFixed());
              pwStream.println();
              n++;
    //Closure of stream
    pwStream.close();
              System.out.println(+n+" records written.");
    catch(IOException e)
    System.out.println("IO error!");     
    System.exit(0);
         //Deletes specified record from list
    public static void deleteRecord(int id)
    int i;
              i=locate(id);
    if(i==200)
    //checking if account to be deleted does not exist
    System.out.println("Error: no account with the id of "+id+" found!");
              //if account exists
    else
                        while(i<noOfCustomers)
                             customerList[i] = customerList[i+1];
                             i++;
                        System.out.println("Account Id: "+id+" has been deleted");
                        --noOfCustomers;
         //Updates the accounts
    public static void update(double interest)
    int i,j,k;
              double custBalance,addition=0;
    for(i=0;i<noOfCustomers;i++)
                        if(customerList[i] instanceof Account1)
                             for(j=0;j<30;j++)
                                  addition=customerList[i].getBalance()*interest;
                                  custBalance=customerList[i].getBalance()+addition;
                                  customerList[i].setBalance(custBalance);
                        else if(customerList[i] instanceof Account2)
                             continue;
                        else if(customerList[i] instanceof Account3)
                             for(j=0;j<30;j++)
    addition=customerList[i].getBalance()*((Account3)customerList[i]).getFixed();
    custBalance=customerList[i].getBalance()+addition;
    customerList[i].setBalance(custBalance);
                        else
                             System.out.println("Account type not defined");
              System.out.println("The updated balances are: \n");
              for(k=0;k<noOfCustomers;k++)
    System.out.printf("Name = %s\n", customerList[k].getName());
    System.out.printf("Account Balance = %.2f\n", customerList[k].getBalance());
    System.out.println();
    /* ================== Additional methods ==================== */     
    /* Bubblesort method to sort the customerList in ascending alphabetical
         order according to customer's name */
    public static void bubbleSort(Customer[] x)
    int pass, index;
    Customer tempValue;      
    for(pass=0; pass<noOfCustomers-1; pass++)          
    for(index=0; index<noOfCustomers-1; index++)
    if(customerList[index].getName().compareToIgnoreCase(customerList[index+1].getName()) > 0)
    tempValue = x[index];
    x[index] = x[index+1];
    x[index+1]= tempValue;
    /* Method used to check for duplicated ids in array */     
         public static boolean checkDuplicate(int id)
              int i;
              for(i=0;i<noOfCustomers;i++)
                   if(id == customerList[i].getId())
    System.out.println("Account Id = "+id+" already exists");
                        System.out.println();
    return true;
              }return false;
    /* Method to seach for account id in array */
         public static int locate(int id)
              int j;
              for(j=0;j<noOfCustomers;j++)
                   if(customerList[j].getId()==id)
                        return j;
              j=200;
              return j;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    public class Customer
    /* The following private variables are declared so that the data is only
         accessible to its own class,but not to any other class, thus preventing
         other classes from referring to the data directly */
         protected int id;               
         protected String name,address,birthdate,phone,accType;                              
         protected double balance;               
    // Null constructor of Customer
         public Customer()
              id = 0;
              name = null;
              address = null;
              birthdate = null;
              phone = null;
              balance = 0;
              accType = null;
    /* The following statements with the keyword this activates the Customer
         (int id, String name String address, String birthdate, String phone, double
         balance) constructor that has six parameters of account id, name, address,
         date of birth, phone number, account balance and assign the values of the
         parameters to the instance variables of the object */     
         public Customer(int id, String name, String address, String birthdate, String phone, double balance, String accType)
    //this is the object reference that stores the receiver object     
              this.id = id;
              this.name = name;                         
              this.address = address;
              this.birthdate = birthdate;
              this.phone = phone;
              this.balance = balance;
              this.accType = accType;
    /* The following get methods getId(), getName(), getAddress(), getBirthdate(),
         getPhone(), getBalance() return the values of the corresponding instance
         properties */     
         public int getId()
              return id;
         public String getName()
              return name;
         public String getAddress()
              return address;
         public String getBirthdate()
              return birthdate;
         public String getPhone()
              return phone;
         public double getBalance()
              return balance;
         public String getAccType()
              return accType;
    /* The following set methods setId(), setName(), setAddress(), setBirthdate(),
         setPhone and setBalance() set the values of the corresponding instance
         properties */
         public void setId (int custId)
              id = custId;
         public void setName(String custName)
              name = custName;
         public void setAddress (String custAddress)
              address = custAddress;
         public void setBirthdate (String custBirthdate)
              birthdate = custBirthdate;
         public void setPhone (String custPhone)
              phone = custPhone;
         public void setBalance (double custBalance)
              balance = custBalance;
         public void setAccType (String custAccType)
              accType = custAccType;
    class Account1 extends Customer
         public Account1(int id, String name, String address, String birthdate, String phone, double balance, String accType)
              super(id,name,address,birthdate,phone,balance,accType);
              this.id = id;
              this.name = name;                         
              this.address = address;
              this.birthdate = birthdate;
              this.phone = phone;
              this.balance = balance;
              this.accType = accType;
    class Account2 extends Customer
         public Account2(int id, String name, String address, String birthdate, String phone, double balance, String accType)
              super(id,name,address,birthdate,phone,balance,accType);
              this.id = id;
              this.name = name;                         
              this.address = address;
              this.birthdate = birthdate;
              this.phone = phone;
              this.balance = balance;
              this.accType = accType;
    class Account3 extends Customer
         protected double fixed=0;
         public Account3(int id, String name, String address, String birthdate, String phone, double balance, String accType, double fixed)
              super(id,name,address,birthdate,phone,balance,accType);
              this.id = id;
              this.name = name;                         
              this.address = address;
              this.birthdate = birthdate;
              this.phone = phone;
              this.balance = balance;
              this.accType = accType;
              this.fixed = fixed;
         public double getFixed()
              return fixed;
    Example of a customers.txt
    Account Id = 123
    Name = Matt Damon
    Address = 465 Ripley Boulevard, Oscar Mansion, Singapore 7666322
    DOB = 10-10-1970
    Phone Number = 790-3233
    Account Balance = 405600.00
    Account Type = Fixed
    Fixed Daily Interest = 0.05
    Account Id = 126
    Name = Ben Affleck
    Address = 200 Hunting Street, Singapore 784563
    DOB = 25-10-1968
    Phone Number = 432-4579
    Account Balance = 530045.00
    Account Type = Saving
    Account Id = 65
    Name = Salma Hayek
    Address = 45 Mexican Boulevard, Hotel California, Singapore 467822
    DOB = 06-04-73
    Phone Number = 790-0000
    Account Balance = 2345.00
    Account Type = Checking
    Account Id = 78
    Name = Phua Chu Kang
    Address = 50 PCK Avenue, Singapore 639798
    DOB = 11-08-64
    Phone Number = 345-6780
    Account Balance = 0.00
    Account Type = Checking
    Account Id = 234
    Name = Zoe Tay
    Address = 100 Blue Eyed St, Singapore 456872
    DOB = 15-02-68
    Phone Number = 456-1234
    Account Balance = 600.00
    Account Type = Saving

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