Data sequence to niUSRP write Tx Data

Hay all,
Currently, I'm trying to develop 802.15.4 system. I have a few question about the data sequence that being fetched into niUSRP write Tx Data.vi.
The vi (niUSRP write Tx Data) accepts IQ data from modulation block, What is the sequence for data that is being transmitted? For example, bitstream is modeled as array, which array[] is tranmitted first? The LSB, or the MSB.
The standard itself (802.15.4) specify that the least bit (C0) is transmitted first.
Thank you.

my TICC2530 has been sucessfully detected the signal, but the decoding still messy.
And I have problew, because
"niUSRP Write Tx Data (CDB Cluster).vi<ERR>Underflow: the Tx buffer was emptied before new data was provided. Consider reducing the IQ rate, increasing the Write rate, or increasing the number of samples per Write."
I already tried to change the registry, as mentioned in here Increasing-write-rate , but, I still have the problem, when I run the IQ rate > 4M and samples per symbol 4. Hence, the CC2530 won't recognize the signal, if I set the IQ rate to be 4M. This in the constelation for my custom OQPSK half sine pulse (4M, 4samples/symbol, Symbol rate 1M)
and my CC2530 will recognize the signal if I set the IQ rate 8M and samples per symbol 8, here is the constelation diagram
So, my question is, how to handle the error?

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Solved!
Go to Solution.

Hello Vojtech,
What you need would be similar architecure as the TDM example that was recently posted.
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Message Edited by dug9000 on 04-30-2008 10:58 AM

Can't write to station globals in deployed system

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Transmit Continuous Problem N200

Hello,
I have build a systems which should continously transmit packages containing only zeros and only at certain time interval (e.g. every 2 seconds) transmit a valid ofdm package. My problem is that the transmit vi "niUSRP Write Tx Data" is too fast. If I want to transmit 10000 samples with an IQ-Rate of 1 MS/sec my transmit-time should be 10 ms. But in Labview the VI only takes about 1 ms to transmit the data to the buffer of the usrp boards and then jumps back and already transmits the next package. Because of this I can't transmit my ofdm package at a certain time stamp as I have no idea on how much data is buffered at the usrp at the moment etc. If I use the "End of Data=true" property of the "niUSRP Write Tx Data"-VI the time is much greater than 10 ms.
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Hello msind,
I hope this screenshot is also sufficient.
Before this part I am only initializing the USRP board with my IQ-Rate (1.62MS/sec) etc. (#2), generating the OFDM-Blocks/Zero-Blocks (#1) and providing my interval time (#3, e.g. 0.5 seconds). In the sequence structure (#4) I transmit my choosen block (normal Zero-Block), get the USRP-Board time and add the additional time since the last transmission to my total time value (#5) which is basically my counter. If this time becomes greater than my time intervall from #3 I want to switch from only transmitting blocks containing zeros to my OFDM Block. But from #6 I know that although my transmission of e.g. 10000 samples with a sample rate of 1 MS/sec should take about 10 ms the time difference in #6 is only about 1 ms. So basically the data is send to the board in 1 ms and then jumps back to the beginn of my while loop and transmits data again. Because of this I can never be sure when my OFDM-Block is transmitted (Don't know the state of the buffer).
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I have looked around at the forums and seems like no one has had a real solid answer or example on how to use 2 Ethernet ports with RT.
Right now I have two connections configured on the RT:
Primary Connection:
IP:192.168.2.181
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Gateway: 192.168.1.1
DNS Server: 192.168.1.1
Secondary Connection:
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Using this configuration I get some weird results:
If I send a packet to 192.168.2.181, I receive it from the UDP Receive vi that has an input connection from my UDP Open assigned to 1.180. I also receive the data the same way when sending packets to 1.180 (as expected). Basicly, no matter what IP I'm sending it to on the RT, the data from either packet will arrive from the same location/vi.
Why is this? Is there anyway to fix this? Did I not configure something correctly?
Does anyone have an example of dual Ethernet ports actually working with LabView RT?
I tried checking out "KnowledgeBase 3VQ6278T: Can I Use Multiple Network Adapters in a PXI or Desktop Real-Time System?", but after following the link to the page, I get:
"Error You are not authorized to view this document". Can any NI people look into this?
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Hey Weizbox.
Sorry to hear you're having such a difficult time using multiple ethernet devices with RT.
Let me go ahead and get the easy stuff out of the way, the link you
have is dead because it's archived (and thus removed forever) though
unfortunately the link on ni.com wasn't corrected to point to the
following resource, which the KB was a word-for-word duplication of
(which is supposedly why it was removed):
http://zone.ni.com/reference/en-XX/help/370622C-01/lvrthelp/configuringdual/
Unfortunately, though, it's much less useful than it sounds.
Before you start feeling like a woodpecker in a petrified forest, lemme
fill you in on why the requirement is there for the two ethernet NICs
to be on seperate subnets. Simple enough, it has to do with the
network stack on both of the operating systems used for LabVIEW
Real-Time - however, the same falls true for even Windows (without
using fancy vendor-specific drivers), so let's not be too hasty.
Neither PharLap ETS nor VxWorks, the two OS's used under the hood,
support redundant network ports. Because of this, if you give two (or
more in the case of PXI and RT Desktop) ethernet devices IP addresses
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confused and literally cannot resolve the proper adapter, which either
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network traffic (there's no way to predict which adapter that will be,
nor can you control it based on what's plugged in and what's not). On
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support bridging (that opens a whole nother can of worms). Long story
short, you still wouldn't be able to give both NICs individual IP
addresses on the same subnet.
Let's take that even one more step. You cannot simply just assign both
ethernet NICs different IP addresses on "virtual" subnets, you actually
need to put both NICs on literally different subnets for the network
routing to actually work. Multiple ethernet devices for LabVIEW RT
were designed with the following mantra in mind - "The FIRST ethernet
device is designed for a TCP/IP network, the SECOND and SUBSEQUENT
ethernet device is designed for OTHER protocol uses." By "OTHER
protocol uses" I mean the second NIC should be used for RT
Deterministic Ethernet (PXI, RT Desktop, et. al.), direct connections
with other targets, and 3rd party or custom ethernet protocols.
Now, realistically, we can't expect users to not use the second NIC for
TCP/IP use, nor should we. However, if you ARE going to use TCP/IP on
the second NIC, you should only use the second NIC for connecting to an
unroutable network in the eyes of the first NIC. So, for instance, the
FIRST NIC can have an IP address of 10.0.62.128, but the SECOND NIC
would need to have an IP address on 192.168.100.23 - and the
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network, and vice versa. In your example I noticed that both networks
used the same Gateway - unless your Gateway is configured to identify
and seperate the two networks, it's not going to end well, and you
shouldn't expect to be able to send data from one NIC to the other NIC
(at least with what you know now). To reiterate, using multiple NICs
using TCP/IP should only be done in cases where you've got (n-1)
isolated subnets, where n is the number of NICs you have using TCP/IP.
A classic example of this is a command-based measurement environment;
the RT system uses the FIRST NIC to talk to a TCP/IP network, in order
to transfer data or provide status to a network, and the second NIC is
connected to a TCP/IP network designed specifically for measurement or
control, where one node sends commands to a single or multiple nodes on
the network at once to perform tasks (like "Take a Measurement", "Stop
a motor", "Bake me a Pie", etc...). The isolated TCP/IP subnet is free
from "random" TCP/IP traffic (especially system announcement
broadcasts) and can have whatever topology/configuration it wants. The
dual networking allows the RT system to work/communicate/perform on
both networks.
I hope this helps shed some light on your situation.
Cheers!
-Danny

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<?php
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And here's the as3:
//php photo section
import flash.events.Event;
import flash.net.*;
//load the php file
var myRequest:URLRequest = new URLRequest("Photography.php");
var myLoader:URLLoader = new URLLoader();
//define images variable as an xml file
var images:XML = new XML();
images.ignoreWhite = true;
images.addEventListener ('load', myLoader);
//define the images variable as an xml as the php file result
myRequest.data = images;
//outputting the filenames
function onLoaded(evt:Event):void {
trace("here we get the data back: "+myLoader.data);
//when the data is loaded, begin myRequest
myLoader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onLoaded);
myLoader.load(myRequest);
//array to call the images
var imageArray:Array //= NewArray();
var listLength:Number;
var il:XMLList = images.data //xml.images;
listLength=il.length();
var i:Number
var photo_btn:Array = new Array();
for (i = 0; i < listLength; i++); {
imageArray[i] = il[i].pic //xml.images[i].pic;
if (photo_btn[i].mouseDown == true) {
img_loader.load(imageArray[i])
if (i == 0) {
photo_btn[i].y = 422.7;
photo_btn[i].x = 411.5
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photo_btn[i].y = 422.7;
photo_btn[i].x = (photo_btn[i-1].x + 18.6);
if (i > 24 && i < listLength); {
photo_btn[i].y = 442.7;
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img_loader.load(imageArray[0]);

As for AS3 part of it, I am not sure your code really works. There are syntax and logical errors there.
I think you need to take it step by step and accomplish several task in the following sequences:
1. Write code that loads XML correctly;
2. Write code that enables buttons;
3. Write code that will load images on button clicks.
The code below shows in principal what needs to be done in order to load XML and make the data in this XML available for further consumption. Also, by accomplishing this step you will iron out all the PHP vs Flash wrinkles including your XML.
Please note, I don't know your XML structure so all the parsing issues you need to resolve yourself.
Once you get handle on it - we, hopefully, will talk about steps 2 and 3.
import flash.display.Loader;
import flash.events.*;
import flash.net.*;
var images:XML;
var myRequest:URLRequest;
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myLoader.addEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, onLoadError);
myLoader.load(myRequest);
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Make 3D Flash wedding photo gallery with songs

Last week, my dearest sister got married. There were about a gazillion things to love about her wedding day… so many moments all wrapped up into one very totally unforgotten event. I took lots of wedding photos on her wedding day and wanted to give her a surprise of making her a 3D flash wedding photo gallery with wedding songs.
As I expected, my sister was moved, many thanks she said to me. Now I just want to give my many thanks to Aneesoft 3D Flash Gallery. It is a wedding gallery making software that helped me make so gorgeous flash gallery with my sister's wedding pictures. Knowing nothing about flash making, I never thought making a splendid 3D flash gallery would be so easy. My friend, do you eager to make your own cool, awesome flash gallery now? Do you eager to sharing your wedding photos in a stunning 3D photo gallery? Let me show you the way!
What you'll need:
1. Wedding photos and wedding songs for your 3D flash gallery
2. Aneesoft 3D Flash Gallery
Step 1: Download & install Aneesoft 3D Flash Gallery
We'll be using a very nice 3D gallery making software 'Aneesoft 3D Flash Gallery' to making a romantic wedding flash gallery with wedding photos and wedding songs, head over here and download the free trial version. Next step is to install the program.
Step 2: Import wedding photos and edit
You can add up to 500 photos that you want to use in your wedding photo gallery, arrange the photos as you like. Aneesoft 3D Flash Gallery supports a wide range of file formats for images, such as .jpg, .bmp, .gif. Click "Add Caption" to add title and description for your wedding photos. And you can also crop and add special effects to them to make your wedding photos more perfect
Step 3: Choose from a variety of wedding flash gallery templates
Aneesoft 3D Flash Gallery offer you an easy way to make a stunning wedding photo gallery by choosing from variety of flash gallery templates. A flash gallery template automatically put preset decoration to wedding gallery. When you select a preset flash gallery template, you're able to enhance it by customizing some additional settings, such as background, thumbnail effects, playback options and scrolling actions. For the adventurous users, explore the powerful advanced features and tools that gives you total control over how you compose your wedding flash photo gallery.
Step 4: Add some wedding songs for your wedding flash gallery
Wedding songs are a very important factor to consider when making your wedding flash photo gallery. They set the general mood and tone for your gallery, while also allowing you to express your feelings through music. You may find the perfect wedding songs out of hundreds of popular wedding songs and music through Amazon.com or iTunes.
In this step, you can add some wedding songs as background music to play along with your wedding flash gallery. Click Add Music button to browse and add your wedding songs. You can add, remove and edit the wedding music files. And you may check the option to control the background music looping or not.
Step 5: Preview and publish your 3D wedding flash gallery
It is advisable that you preview the wedding flash gallery at least once, before you publish it. Click and drag mouse for scrolling and tilting the 3D flash gallery. Click on the thumbnail to zoom in and out the photos. You have several options to share and publish your 3D wedding photo gallery, such as SWF, EXE and HTML. It depends on your needs.
OK, now your wedding flash gallery is done. What do you think of the wedding flash gallery that I made for my sister? End with my sister's sentences "Fun is not ending, romantic is not ending, and love is just beginning!" Wish your wedding pictures can also be splendid as my sister's, and your love is just beginning, enjoy!
know more:
http://www.aneesoft.com/win-3d-flash-gallery.html
http://www.aneesoft.com/tutorials/3d-flash-gallery/make-wedding-flash-gallery-with-songs.h tml

As for AS3 part of it, I am not sure your code really works. There are syntax and logical errors there.
I think you need to take it step by step and accomplish several task in the following sequences:
1. Write code that loads XML correctly;
2. Write code that enables buttons;
3. Write code that will load images on button clicks.
The code below shows in principal what needs to be done in order to load XML and make the data in this XML available for further consumption. Also, by accomplishing this step you will iron out all the PHP vs Flash wrinkles including your XML.
Please note, I don't know your XML structure so all the parsing issues you need to resolve yourself.
Once you get handle on it - we, hopefully, will talk about steps 2 and 3.
import flash.display.Loader;
import flash.events.*;
import flash.net.*;
var images:XML;
var myRequest:URLRequest;
var myLoader:URLLoader;
// list of image urls that will come from loaded XML
var imageList:XMLList;
myRequest = new URLRequest("Photography.php");
myLoader = new URLLoader();
myLoader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onFileLoaded);
// suggested handler for unexpected errors - avoids some headaches
myLoader.addEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, onLoadError);
myLoader.load(myRequest);
// Note: all the listeners are removed
// it is always wise to remove listeners that are needed any longer
// to make objects eligible for arbage collection
function onLoadError(e:IOErrorEvent):void
     trace(e.toString());
     myLoader.removeEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onFileLoaded);
     myLoader.removeEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, onLoadError);
function onFileLoaded(e:Event):void
     myLoader.removeEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onFileLoaded);
     myLoader.removeEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, onLoadError);
     images = new XML(myLoader.data);
     // only now xml is ready and you can start loading images
     imageList= images.pic;

Is there any successful example of USRP RIO with PCIe adapter?

Hi All,
Can I ask who has ever had successful experience of achieving high IQ rate using USRP RIO with PCIe adapter? If so, what PC were you using?
I am working on the USRP RIO. I tried to run the LabVIEW code for the USRP-2920 on the USRP 2950R but could not achieve a high IQ rate. The PC I am using has a mini-itx motherboard with H97 chipset, 16GB 1600MHz DDR3 memory, 256GB SSD, i7-4790K quad-core 4.0GHz CPU. Even if I connect the USRP-2920 to the PC, I could not achieve 20MS/s. When I was using a Macbook Pro with i7-3840QM, I could achieve 25MS/s IQ rate. But there is no way I installed a PCIe adapter to the laptop.
Thank you very much.

I have a benchmarking utility that I will attach here that can run through a number of IQ Rates and the number of samples in each Write call. Here are the results when I ran with an USRP-2940R over a x4 MXIe (PCIe) link. I configured to run a 2-channel continuous generation for 10 s for each test.
Device connected over PCIe
Conducting benchmarks for continuous writes (CDB, 16-bit).
IQ Rate 363 726 1000 3000 6000 10000 100000
1000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2500000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20000000 39 0 0 0 0 0 0
40000000 18 18 0 0 0 0 0
60000000 9 36 15 2 0 0 0
80000000 22 17 14 0 2 0 0
90000000 15 22 15 9 9 9 9
95000000 21 21 22 9 9 9 2
97500000 16 14 31 9 9 9 9
100000000 15 34 25 9 9 9 10
The formatting may be hard to figure out, but the small numbers are the number of underflows. So 0 is what you want. As you can see, I can sustain rates up to 80 MS/s for at least 10 s IF my write size is big enough. That is, if I write at least 10,000 samples with each call to niUSRP Write, I don't see underflows. That's two channels, so we're talking 640 MB/s over the bus.
Here are some tips to increase your Tx streaming throughput:
0) Don't use a continuous generation at all. For many applications you don't need to stream continuously- a finite transmission (and you can loop a finite transmission) will do and you will basically not underflow in that case if you provide all the data up front.
1) As you can see from the chart, the bigger the data buffer you provide in each Write call, the faster you can stream.
2) Write sizes in multiples of the maximum packet size seem to work well. That number is 2044 for the USRP-294x/5x series (although that may change in future driver releases). Try sending bursts of 10220 samples.
3) If your application allows it, set a Start Trigger Time a little in the future. Then start writing data before the device starts transmitting. For example, set the Start Trigger Time to the (current device time + 1 second). Then start writing data and you will have a second to pre-fill the on-device buffers. This will substantially reduce the number of underflows.
4) Be sure to do your data processing out of your write loop, to keep the write loop filling the pipleline as quickly as possible.

Data sequence to niUSRP write Tx Data

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