Date datatype in Oracle 8i

Books tells me that Date datatype is stored as 7 bytes.
Yet when I run the following query, result is 8. Can someone explain this.
SQL> select vsize(sysdate) from dual;
VSIZE(SYSDATE)
8

It would appear that the external representation of a date is different than the stored representation of a date. Consider:
SQL> CREATE TABLE t (dt DATE);
Table created.
SQL> INSERT INTO t VALUES(sysdate);
1 row created.
SQL> COMMIT;
Commit complete.
SQL> SELECT DUMP(dt) from t;
DUMP(DT)
Typ=12 Len=7: 120,102,12,30,10,27,9
SQL> SELECT DUMP(sysdate) FROM dual;
DUMP(SYSDATE)
Typ=13 Len=8: 7,210,12,30,9,27,18,0
SQL> SELECT DUMP(TO_DATE('20021230','yyyymmdd')) FROM dual;
DUMP(TO_DATE('20021230','YYYYMMDD
Typ=13 Len=8: 7,210,12,30,0,0,0,0
A stored date is type 12 and has length 7, while sysdate, and the result of a to_date call is type 13 and has length 8. This seems to be true in all versions of Oracle I checked (7.3.2, 8.0.5, 8.1.7, 9.0.1)
TTFN
John

Similar Messages

Enforce date datatype in oracle 11g

Can I restrict database so that application can not enter date data in certain format.
E.g. If I want that date enter should be registered in [year to minute] 'MM-DD-YYYY' hh:mm' only format and not in [year to second format]'MM-DD-YYYY' hh:mm:ss' then how I can do it in Oracle 11g.
Currently I am using oracle sql developer to create data model and then I want to generate DDL from that to generate database. Is there is any facility in Oracle SQL developer to enforce format specification.
thanks!

This is not really related to SQLDeveloper, so you may find better answers in another forum but I'll try to give you an idea anyway.
Actually the DATE datatype has no format, you use a format when you convert it to a string or vice versa, but the DATE itself is just a DATE.
You could probably create a trigger to truncate your data as you see fit, but IMHO your best option would be to remove the seconds from your output queries using something like
TO_CHAR(YOUR_DATE_FIELD,'MM-DD-YYYY HH24:MI')you can also set this output format for SQLDeveloper in
Tools -> Preferences -> Database -> NLSbut this will work only for SQLDeveloper, it's up to you to determine the best way of setting the output/input date format in your specific application.

Date datatype in Sybase to Oracle

We are in the process of migrating Sybase Adaptive Server 12.5.2 to Oracle 10g. However, we came across a "Date" datatype in Sybase and am not able to map it to corresponding Oracle 'Date" datatype.
In OMWB, Tools -> Options-> DataType Mappings, I am not able to see the "Date" in source data types.
Any insights please.
Diwakar

Diwakar,
I have filed a bug 4579859 on this issue.
This is not a trivial problem with the datatype options, a table with the date datatype will fail to map.
Do you have many tables with this datatype, is it practical to convert these tables to datatypes recognised by the workbench (such as datatime or even varchar)?
Regards,
Turloch
Oracle Migration Workbench Team

Unable to insert date and time when using date datatype

Hi
I am hitting a bit of a problem when using the date datatype. When trying to save a row to the table where the field it throws an error ora 01830 and complains about converting the date format picture ends...etc. Now when I do the insert, I use the to_date function with the format of "dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss". Of course, when I remove the time element, everything is perfect.
Checking sysdate, I noticed that the time element wasn't be displayed, and I used alter session set nls_date_format to set the date and time I want to save to the table, which worked!
Then based on advice in a previous thread to permanently fix the problem, I used alter system set nls_date_format ="dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss" scope=spfile; This showed that it was altered, and I can see the setting in the em. In sqlplus, I shutdown the database, and restarted with startup mount; alter database open; and then selecting sysdate, it still shows the date as dd-mon-yy, and still no time! Checking the em, and looking up the nls_date_format the setting is still shown as "dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss".
So, my question is this - what am I doing wrong? Why can't save date and time using date in Oracle 11g?????
Thanks

user633278 wrote:
Hi
I am hitting a bit of a problem when using the date datatype. When trying to save a row to the table where the field it throws an error ora 01830 and complains about converting the date format picture ends...etc. Now when I do the insert, I use the to_date function with the format of "dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss". Of course, when I remove the time element, everything is perfect.
Checking sysdate, I noticed that the time element wasn't be displayed, and I used alter session set nls_date_format to set the date and time I want to save to the table, which worked!
Then based on advice in a previous thread to permanently fix the problem, I used alter system set nls_date_format ="dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss" scope=spfile; This showed that it was altered, and I can see the setting in the em. In sqlplus, I shutdown the database, and restarted with startup mount; alter database open; and then selecting sysdate, it still shows the date as dd-mon-yy, and still no time! Checking the em, and looking up the nls_date_format the setting is still shown as "dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss".
So, my question is this - what am I doing wrong? Why can't save date and time using date in Oracle 11g?????
ThanksYou most certainly can save the time. A DATE column, by definition stores date and time. What you describe is a presentation problem, and setting nls_date_format at the system as an init parm is the weakest of all settings as it is overridden by several other locations.
without seeing the exact sql that produced the error (not just your description of what you think you were doing) it is impossible to say for sure.
However, I'd suggest you read http://edstevensdba.wordpress.com/2011/04/07/nls_date_format/

How to get a time part from Date datatype

Hi,
I would like to know how to extract the timestamp alone from DATE datatype? If my input is '27-SEP-2011 23:59:00' I need the output as 23:59:00. I am surprised to see that there are no in-built functions for this or may be I am wrong. Basically I need to remove the date part from DATE data type and get the time.Please assist.
-Thanks
Edited by: user9546145 on Sep 27, 2011 2:24 PM
Edited by: user9546145 on Sep 27, 2011 2:25 PM

Hi,
user9546145 wrote:
Hi,
I would like to know how to extract the timestamp alone from DATE datatype? Be careful! In Oracle, TIMESTAMP means a datatype, similar to but distinct from DATE. You'll avoid confusion if you don't use the word "timestamp" to mean anything else.
There is a built-in function, TO_CHAR:
TO_CHAR (dt_col, 'HH24:MI:SS')Depending on how you plan to use the time, TRUNC is another handy built-in function:
dt_col - TRUNC (dt_col)is a NUMBER (not less than 0, but less than 1) which is suitable for many tasks, such as finding the average time.
I hope this answers your question.
If not, post a little sample data (CREATE TABLE and INSERT statements, relevant columns only) for all tables, and also post the results you want from that data.
Explain, using specific examples, how you get those results from that data.
Always say which version of Oracle you're using.

Problem in converting character into date datatype

Hi Experts,
I am developing an oracle function in which I am passing an input in varchar2 and I want the return that varchar value in date datatype.
We are using to_date(to_char(:input,'YYYY-MON-DD')) but this is giving the output in simple format which is defined by the oracle i.e. 'MM-DD-YYYY'.
We need the output in 'YYYY-MON-DD' and that too in date datatype.
I guess you understand my question.
Waiting for your response.
Thanks

i think you understand this :
SQL> select to_date('2013-06-13','yyyy-mm-dd') from dual;
TO_DATE('
13-JUN-13
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format = 'yyyy-mm-dd';
Session altered.
SQL> select to_date('2013-06-13','yyyy-mm-dd') d from dual;
D
2013-06-13
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format = 'dd.mm.yyyy';
Session altered.
SQL> select to_date('2013-06-13','yyyy-mm-dd') d from dual;
D
13.06.2013
SQL> exit
but if you have windows except alter session set you will need to see REGEDIT and Regional parameters.

Database Variant to Data.vi not working for the Date datatype with LV 8.2?

I'm moving a large body of LV database code from LV 7.1 to 8.2 and find that the Database Variant to Data.vi is not working correctly when used with the Date datatype. It works fine with 8.0, and the common Variant to Data works also. Am I missing something? Thanks in advance for any assistance. Wes

Thanks for the prompt reply Crystal,
The data is stored in an Oracle database using the DATE type. I'm querying many rows along with other columns and converting each of the values as necessary for each column with the 'Database Variant to Data' vi. Only conversion to Timestamp is no longer working as of version 8.2. I recognize that plain Variant to Data works but I have many (100's) of VIs to change if that is the only solution (not the end of the world). Most often the dates are originally generated in the database using PL/SQL procedures calling SYSDATE which look like: 5/1/2006 11:56:26 AM (in TOAD anyway) which I then need to read into LV as type Timestamp.
Regards, Wes.

DATA TYPES IN ORACLE

I am new to Oracle, and I would like toknwo how do you do the following?
Implement a boolean type column (True/False).
Implement a time colum.
How do you set a dafault value for column?
Thanks

All data types are explained in chapter 2 of the SQL Reference manual.
This includes a complete list of available types, the internal representation, formatting options (for dates and numerics), and so on. It varies by version - the docco is generally available through http://docs.oracle.com and for 10g Release 2, the docco is at
http://www.oracle.com/pls/db102/portal.portal_db?selected=1
Direct answers
- there is no Boolean type.
- the Date datatype is defined as "Century Year Month Day Hour Minute Second". Although most sessions and defaults simply display the year, month and day, the time portion is still included. This has been known to throw off people when doing selects, as the time portion IS included and implied.
- the default value for a column can be managed in the create table or alter table command.

TIMESTAMP datatype in Oracle 8i.

'TIMESTAMP' datatype is not to be available in Oracle 8i.
Is there an equivalent datatype in Oracle 8i as 'TIMESTAMP' in 9i?
Regards,
Bhagat

Timestamp was a new globalization feature in 9i. The only way to handle time in 8i is with the regular DATE type and traditional date arithmetics.

....Date Type in Oracle

Hi All,
Just to clear a few misconception/ambiguities regarding the DATE data type in Oracle.
We hve a table which stores the date of insertion of a record. The front end application is in PHP while backend is in oracle.
When i query the table, it shows the date as dd-mon-yy , but it does not show the time. I have tried to query it throgh sqlPLus , TOAD and the PHP Application, but it doesnt show the time.
Is it not storing the time. The data type of the column is ( Insertdate date).
If you query sysdate, it definitly stores time, ... but what is in this case. Is it just storing the date and not the time. ???
How to alter so that it stores time as well.
Regards

U have to use the conversion function to_date to
store date along with time. No, you use to_date to convert a string to a date. That's it. A date column will ALWAYS store the time (it just won't always display it)
When u need to retrieve the data use to_char function. Not necessarily:
SQL> create table x (dte date);
Table created.
SQL> insert into x values(sysdate);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into x values(sysdate+1);
1 row created.
SQL> select * from x;
DTE
11-jul-2007 09:13:11
12-jul-2007 09:13:11
if u want to store time u can use timestamp data typeNope, You use timestamp if you want to store fractions of seconds (down to nano seconds)
The key point is. The date datatype ALWAYS stores:
Century, Year, Month, Day, Hour, Minute, Second

Default date format in oracle

Hi
What is the default format of date in oracle?
When I rum the following query
select * from emp where hiredate='03-december-1981' ...
It is returning two records.
How is it possible?

Kamran Agayev wrote:
For input and output of dates, the standard Oracle date format is DD-MON-YY
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14220/datatype.htm#i1847
Although it's there in the documentation, I find it misleading, as many times, the default nls_date_format has been changed to something else, either by the dba's, or by a front end application or whatever.
It is ALWAYS safest to use to_date and to_char when working with strings-that-you-want-as-dates or dates-that-you-want-as-strings respectively.
Any time you store a date in the database, store it in DATE format - this gives oracle valuable information (eg. that it's a date and not just a string) which allows it to make decisions correctly when comparing them. Eg. '22/01/2009' is earlier than '14/02/2009' if the database knows it is a date, but is later if all the database sees is a string (14 being less than 22, of course).
Anything that is already in date format, you do not need to change if you're using it in calculations (eg. select date_col_1 - date_col_2 from my_table , or sysdate) but any time you interact with the database to input a date or extract a date, you need to use to_date or to_char. (it's less important with the latter, if you don't really care how the date is displayed). Do not ever to_date() something that is already a date - you force implicit conversions of the date and that is a) pointless and b) could cause bugs in your code.
Even the experts sometimes get caught out with dates, when they rely on implicit conversions!

UNDERSTAND THE NEW DATE AND TIME DATA TYPES IN ORACLE 9I

제품 : SQL*PLUS
작성날짜 : 2001-08-01
UNDERSTAND THE NEW DATE AND TIME DATA TYPES IN ORACLE 9I
========================================================
PURPOSE
Oracle 9i 에서 소개되는 새로운 datetime data type 에 대해 소개한다.
Explanation
Example
1. Datetime Datatypes
1) TIMESTAMP
: YEAR/MONTH/DAY/HOUR/MINUTE/SECOND
2) TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
: YEAR/MONTH/DAY/HOUR/MINUTE/SECOND/
TIMEZONE_HOUR/TIMEZONE_MINUTE( +09:00 )
or TIMEZONE_REGION( Asia/Seoul )
3) TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE
: YEAR/MONTH/DAY/HOUR/MINUTE/SECOND
4) TIME WITH TIME ZONE
: HOUR/MINUTE/SECOND/TIMEZONE_HOUR/TIMEZONE_MINUTE
2. Datetime Fields
1) YEAR/MONTH/DAY/HOUR/MINUTE
2) SECOND(00 to 59.9(N) is precision) : Range 0 to 9, default is 6
3) TIMEZONE_HOUR : -12 to 13
4) TIMEZONE_MINUTE : 00 to 59
5) TIMEZONE_REGION : Listed in v$timezone_names
3. DATE 와 TIMESTAMP 와의 차이점
SQL> select hiredate from emp;
HIREDATE
17-DEC-80
20-FEB-81
SQL> alter table employees modify hiredate timestamp;
SQL> select hiredate from employees;
HIREDATE
17-DEC-80 12.00.00.000000 AM
20-FEB-81 12.00.00.000000 AM
단, 해당 Column 에 Data 가 있다면 DATE/TIMESTAMP -> TIMESTAMP WITH
TIME ZONE 으로 Convert 할 수 없다.
SQL> alter table employees modify hiredate timestamp with time zone;
alter table employees modify hiredate timestamp with time zone
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01439: column to be modified must be empty to change datatype
4. TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE Datatype
TIMESTAMP '2001-05-24 10:00:00 +09:00'
TIMESTAMP '2001-05-24 10:00:00 Asia/Seoul'
TIMESTAMP '2001-05-24 10:00:00 KST'
5. TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE Datatype
SQL> create table date_tab (date_col TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE);
SQL> insert into date_tab values ('15-NOV-00 09:34:28 AM');
SQL> select * from date_tab;
DATE_COL
15-NOV-00 09.34.28.000000 AM
SQL> alter session set TIME_ZONE = 'EUROPE/LONDON';
SQL> select * from date_tab;
DATE_COL
15-NOV-00 12.34.28.000000 AM
6. INTERVAL Datatypes
1) INTERVAL YEAR(year_precision) TO MONTH
: YEAR/MONTH
: Year_precision default value is 2
SQL> create table orders (warranty interval year to month);
SQL> insert into orders values ('2-6');
SQL> select warranty from orders;
WARRANTY
+02-06
2) INTERVAL DAY (day_precision) TO SECOND (fractional_seconds_precision)
: DAY/HOUR/MINUTE/SECOND
: Logon time 확인시 주로 사용
: day_precision range 0 to 9, default is 2
SQL> create table orders (warranty interval day(2) to second);
SQL> insert into orders values ('90 00:00:00');
SQL> select warranty from orders;
WARRANTY
+90 00:00:00.000000
7. Interval Fields
- YEAR : Any positive or negative integer
- MONTH : 00 to 11
- DAY : Any positive or negative integer
- HOUR : 00 to 23
- MINUTE : 00 to 59
- SECOND : 00 to 59.9(N) where 9(N) is precision
8. Using Time Zones
1) Database operation
- Defined at CREATE DATABASE
- Can be altered with ALTER DATABASE
- Current value given by DBTIMEZONE
2) Session operation
- Defined with environment variable ORA_SDTZ
- Can be altered with ALTER SESSION SET TIME_ZONE
- Current value given by SESSIONTIMEZONE
3) TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIMEZONE
- TIME_ZONE Session parameter
: O/S Local Time Zone
Alter session set time_zone = '-05:00';
: An absolute offset
Alter session set time_zone = dbtimezone;
: Database time zone
Alter session set time_zone = local;
: A named region
Alter session set time_zone = 'America/New_York';
Reference Document
------------------

Hi ,
I am facing the same problem and my scenario is also same (BAPI's).
So can you please tell me how you overcome this problem .
Thanks,
Rahul

How to handle national character set datatypes in oracle?

Hi
Can anyone tell me how to handle national character set datatypes in oracle?
Thanks in advance

And for data manipulation, append "N" the literal values being used in the command.
The "N" indicates that the string is to be treated as Unicode Text.
For Example: insert into TableName (ColumnName) values (N'ValueToBeInserted');

Equivalent datatype in Oracle for datetime of SQL Server

Hello Everyone,
I'm very much new to Oracle. I have been working with SQL Server since 3yrs. Currently I'm working with Oracle 11g.
What is the equivalent datatype in oracle for datetime in sql server with which has the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS?
I tried with timestamp and date which didnt solve my prob.... Please help me in using the equivalent datatype for the format provided above...
Regards,
Bhanu Yalamanchi.

Oracle date format can be anything you want, either by default at the session level or preferably explicitly using to_char and a format mask.
Format masks are documented here.
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e17118/sql_elements004.htm#CDEHIFJA
SQL> create table t (d date);
Table created.
SQL> insert into t values (sysdate);
1 row created.
SQL> select * from t;
D
19-JUL-11
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS';
Session altered.
SQL> select * from t;
D
2011-07-19 08:27:59
SQL> select d, to_char(d, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), to_char(d,'Day') from t;
D TO_CHAR(D, TO_CHAR(D
2011-07-19 08:27:59 2011-07-19 Tuesday
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format = 'DD-MON-YY';
Session altered.
SQL> select d, to_char(d, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') from t;
D TO_CHAR(D,'YYYY-MM-
19-JUL-11 2011-07-19 08:27:59

SQL Developer: Right-click format doesn't work right with DATE datatype

Hi All!
Currently I'm using version SQL Developer Version 3.1.05.
Got a question regarding the 'auto-format' of syntax whenever writing in the code editor.
If you take this snippet of code and drop it into a worksheet, then highlight it, right click the mouse, then select "format" it's like it fails to add the proper spacing when it runs into the DATE datatype. I looked all through the : preferences > database > sql formatter > oracle formatting > edit and couldn't find anything regarding the formatting with date types.
Am I looking in the wrong area?? Is this a known bug? Having trouble searching for this exact issue too. I LOVE the format feature, but I hate having to go to each date type and manually spacing it out to make everything look 'clean'. I'm picky I guess :P I can live with it but figured I'd ask.
type TEMP_REC
IS
record
ORG_CODE VARCHAR2(15),
PROJECT VARCHAR2(15),
WBS VARCHAR2(30),
SERIAL_NO VARCHAR2(30),
QTY_ORDERED NUMBER,
QTY_SCRAPPED NUMBER,
QTY_COMPLETE NUMBER,
BOM_ID NUMBER,
REQUEST_DATE DATE,
CREATE_DATE DATE,
REL_DATE DATE,
START_DATE DATE,
NEED_DATE DATE,
DUE_DATE DATE,
COMPLETE_DATE DATE,
CREATED_BY VARCHAR2(30),
MODIFIED_BY VARCHAR2(30),
MODIFY_DATE DATE,
EST_HOURS NUMBER(6,2),
ACT_HOURS NUMBER(6,2),
BAD_COMMENTS VARCHAR2(1000) );

Hello,
I put 3.1.07 as you'd suggested. Seems the problem is still occuring for me... probably a user preference though ;)
Open a new worksheet and drop this in, highlight everything, right-click and choose "format". All the keywords (varchar2, number, etc) should align on themselves making it look nice. I have mine set up to line-break after a comma. (I can't get it to format properly as I type it here onto the forums, so added a bunch of spaces to try to mimic it in this view)
type TEMP_REC
IS
record
LEAD_TIME NUMBER(5,0),
SCRAP_PERCENT NUMBER,
CREATED_BY VARCHAR2(30),
MODIFIED_BY VARCHAR2(30),
OPER_SEQ VARCHAR2(6),
REF_NO VARCHAR2(2000),
COMMENTS VARCHAR2(2000),
BOM_FLAGS VARCHAR2(100),
BOM_ATTR1 VARCHAR2(30),
BOM_ATTR2 VARCHAR2(30),
BOM_ATTR3 VARCHAR2(30),
BOM_AMT1 NUMBER,
BOM_AMT2 NUMBER,
BAD_COMMENTS VARCHAR2(1000) );
Now, let's add another field in there, but this time a date/timestamp datatype. If you format it like this you will see that the keywords sort of 'reset' their position after it encounters a date/timestamp datatype. The date type doesn't align properly with the others.
type TEMP_REC
IS
record
LEAD_TIME NUMBER(5,0),
SCRAP_PERCENT NUMBER,
CREATED_BY VARCHAR2(30),
MODIFIED_BY VARCHAR2(30),
OPER_SEQ VARCHAR2(6),
REF_NO VARCHAR2(2000),
test DATE,
COMMENTS VARCHAR2(2000),
BOM_FLAGS VARCHAR2(100),
BOM_ATTR1 VARCHAR2(30),
BOM_ATTR2 VARCHAR2(30),
BOM_ATTR3 VARCHAR2(30),
BOM_AMT1 NUMBER,
BOM_AMT2 NUMBER,
BAD_COMMENTS VARCHAR2(1000) );
Might post a picture next time if that still isn't clear, though I konw folks are leary against clicking links to see screenshots. Might you know what I'm doing wrong here?

Date datatype in Oracle 8i

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