Difference between Userexit and BADI

can any one explains about the difference between Userexit and BADI and BAPI & BADI..
how to process Error Codes in ALE?

BADI is just an object-oriented version of user-exit. Instead of entering program code into some function module (as in customer-exit), you define some class which has to implement predefined methods and those methods are fired at predefined points just like an old user-exit. Some BADI can have multiple independent implementations which is much better for software deployment as several developers can implement the same BADI independently.
<b>BADI is technology of user exit? and BAPI is technology of aplication interface.
U can use BAPIs for create a material, for example.</b>
<b>Difference Between BADI and User Exits</b>
Business Add-Ins are a new SAP enhancement technique based on ABAP Objects. They can be inserted into the SAP System to accommodate user requirements too specific to be included in the standard delivery. Since specific industries often require special functions, SAP allows you to predefine these points in your software.
As with customer exits two different views are available:
In the definition view, an application programmer predefines exit points in a source that allow specific industry sectors, partners, and customers to attach additional software to standard SAP source code without having to modify the original object.
In the implementation view, the users of Business Add-Ins can customize the logic they need or use a standard logic if one is available.
In contrast to customer exits, Business Add-Ins no longer assume a two-level infrastructure (SAP and customer solutions), but instead allow for a multi-level system landscape (SAP, partner, and customer solutions, as well as country versions, industry solutions, and the like). Definitions and implementations of Business Add-Ins can be created at each level within such a system infrastructure.
SAP guarantees the upward compatibility of all Business Add-In interfaces. Release upgrades do not affect enhancement calls from within the standard software nor do they affect the validity of call interfaces. You do not have to register Business Add-Ins in SSCR.
The Business Add-In enhancement technique differentiates between enhancements that can only be implemented once and enhancements that can be used actively by any number of customers at the same time. In addition, Business Add-Ins can be defined according to filter values. This allows you to control add-in implementation and make it dependent on specific criteria (on a specific Country value, for example).
All ABAP sources, screens, GUIs, and table interfaces created using this enhancement technique are defined in a manner that allows customers to include their own enhancements in the standard. A single Business Add-In contains all of the interfaces necessary to implement a specific task.
The actual program code is enhanced using ABAP Objects. In order to better understand the programming techniques behind the Business Add-In enhancement concept, SAP recommends reading the section on ABAP Objects.
Regards,
Pavan

Similar Messages

Difference between BAPI and BADI

Hi,
Can anyone explain the difference between BAPI and BADI?

Hi Naveen,
BAPI - It is nothing, but a FM which is used to load the data into SAP system. The data may be from the Legacy system.
BADI - They are the enhancement which can be applied to the standard SAP program as per the business requirement. BADI are the newer version of user exits which uses ABAP OOPs concept.
Revert back if you have further query.
Reward points if useful.
Regards,
Atish

What is the main difference between Enhancements and BADI.?

What is the main difference between Enhancements and BADI.?plzz tell
Edited by: Alvaro Tejada Galindo on Feb 13, 2008 3:48 PM

CMOD is the Project Management of SAP Enhancements (i.e., SMOD Enhancements). SMOD contains the actual enhancements and CMOD is the grouping of those SMOD enhancements.
Difference Between BADI and User Exits
BADI's can be used any number of times, where as USER-EXITS can be used only one time.
Ex:- if your assigning a USER-EXIT to a project in (CMOD), then you can not assign the same to other project.
BADI's are oops based.
Business Add-Ins are a new SAP enhancement technique based on ABAP Objects. They can be inserted into the SAP System to accommodate user requirements too specific to be included in the standard delivery. Since specific industries often require special functions, SAP allows you to predefine these points in your software.
As with customer exits two different views are available:
In the definition view, an application programmer predefines exit points in a source that allow specific industry sectors, partners, and customers to attach additional software to standard SAP source code without having to modify the original object.
In the implementation view, the users of Business Add-Ins can customize the logic they need or use a standard logic if one is available.
In contrast to customer exits, Business Add-Ins no longer assume a two-level infrastructure (SAP and customer solutions), but instead allow for a multi-level system landscape (SAP, partner, and customer solutions, as well as country versions, industry solutions, and the like). Definitions and implementations of Business Add-Ins can be created at each level within such a system infrastructure.
SAP guarantees the upward compatibility of all Business Add-In interfaces. Release upgrades do not affect enhancement calls from within the standard software nor do they affect the validity of call interfaces. You do not have to register Business Add-Ins in SSCR.
The Business Add-In enhancement technique differentiates between enhancements that can only be implemented once and enhancements that can be used actively by any number of customers at the same time. In addition, Business Add-Ins can be defined according to filter values. This allows you to control add-in implementation and make it dependent on specific criteria (on a specific Country value, for example).
All ABAP sources, screens, GUIs, and table interfaces created using this enhancement technique are defined in a manner that allows customers to include their own enhancements in the standard. A single Business Add-In contains all of the interfaces necessary to implement a specific task.
The actual program code is enhanced using ABAP Objects. In order to better understand the programming techniques behind the Business Add-In enhancement concept, SAP recommends reading the section on ABAP Objects.

What is badi?difference between bapi and badi?

what is badi?difference between bapi and badi?

Hi..
BADI is just an object-oriented version of user-exit. Instead of entering program code into some function module (as in customer-exit), you define some class which has to implement predefined methods and those methods are fired at predefined points just like an old user-exit. Some BADI can have multiple independent implementations which is much better for software deployment as several developers can implement the same BADI independently.
To understand BAPIs, you must know that there are 2 things. One is the SAP Object Repository of the Business Object Repository (BOR) and the Function Builder.
Now the business objects with their business processes and business data, reside in the BOR, with the corresponding BAPI. the implementation of this BAPI resides in the function builder. Any external world (non SAP) programs or legacy systems can access the business processes or data of any business object in the BOR, thru the process of invoking the BAPI implementation of the BAPI for this business object.
Thus we can access a business object.
So we can say that a BAPI is a process that allows third party s/w or non SAP programs to access SAP Business object data and processes.
<REMOVED BY MODERATOR>
Regards
- Rishika
Edited by: Alvaro Tejada Galindo on Jun 12, 2008 5:33 PM

Difference between Userexits and BADI

Pls give me the Difference between Userexits and BADI.

Hi,
hope this is helpful
Difference Between BADI and User Exits
Business Add-Ins are a new SAP enhancement technique based on ABAP Objects. They can be inserted into the SAP System to accommodate user requirements too specific to be included in the standard delivery. Since specific industries often require special functions, SAP allows you to predefine these points in your software.
As with customer exits two different views are available:
In the definition view, an application programmer predefines exit points in a source that allow specific industry sectors, partners, and customers to attach additional software to standard SAP source code without having to modify the original object.
In the implementation view, the users of Business Add-Ins can customize the logic they need or use a standard logic if one is available.
In contrast to customer exits, Business Add-Ins no longer assume a two-level infrastructure (SAP and customer solutions), but instead allow for a multi-level system landscape (SAP, partner, and customer solutions, as well as country versions, industry solutions, and the like). Definitions and implementations of Business Add-Ins can be created at each level within such a system infrastructure.
SAP guarantees the upward compatibility of all Business Add-In interfaces. Release upgrades do not affect enhancement calls from within the standard software nor do they affect the validity of call interfaces. You do not have to register Business Add-Ins in SSCR.
The Business Add-In enhancement technique differentiates between enhancements that can only be implemented once and enhancements that can be used actively by any number of customers at the same time. In addition, Business Add-Ins can be defined according to filter values. This allows you to control add-in implementation and make it dependent on specific criteria (on a specific Country value, for example).
All ABAP sources, screens, GUIs, and table interfaces created using this enhancement technique are defined in a manner that allows customers to include their own enhancements in the standard. A single Business Add-In contains all of the interfaces necessary to implement a specific task.
The actual program code is enhanced using ABAP Objects. In order to better understand the programming techniques behind the Business Add-In enhancement concept, SAP recommends reading the section on ABAP Objects.
What is difference between badi and user-exists?
What is difference between enhancements and user-exists? and what is the full form of BADI?
I have another doubt in BDC IN BDC WE HAVE MSEGCALL (i did not remember the > correct name) where the error logs are stored, MSEGCALL is a table or structure.
What is the system landscape?
1) Difference between BADI and USER-EXIT.
    i) BADI's can be used any number of times, where as USER-EXITS can be used only one time.
       Ex:- if your assigning a USER-EXIT to a project in (CMOD), then you can not assign the same to other project.
    ii) BADI's are oops based.
2) About 'BDCMSGCOLL' it is a structure. Used for finding error records.
3) Full form of BADI 'Business addins'.
3) System land scape will be depends on your project
    Ex:- 'Development server'>'Quality server'-> 'Production server'......

What is the difference between ABAP and BADI

What is the difference between ABAP and BADI

Hi
BAPI is different from BADIs and User exits in ABAP
BAPI : BAPI basically works like a function module. the major difference being that it can work like a RFC. That means it can work from system to system. Mostly the name of a BAPI can be seen in se37 by just giving BAPI_* F4 and you will see a lot of BAPIS.
BADI : BADI is a new concept and are also known as Business Addins. SE18 and SE19 are the two transactions which are used to make a BADI. Mostly BADIS are not made but selected from what is given in SAP. These are similar to user-exits but are method based. One can say it is an extension to the user exits. If one has an issue in which one has to change so existing things in SAP then BADI can be used. First one has to define it and then find out a suitable implementation for the issue concerned
User-exits : there are many types of user exits like Function exits , Menu Exits Screen exits etc. These are used when there is an issue of changing SAP given screen or menu or report.. Main transactions which are used in these cases is CMOD and SMOD. One can find out the user exit concerned and change it accordingly as per ones requirement
to be more specific in answering in singel phrase
1.user-exit and badi are related.
2. But BAPI is something entirely different.
3. user-exit and badi.
BADI is nothing but user-exit,
BUT CLASS/OO based. thats all.
4. BAPI is nothing but a FUNCTION MODULE only,but its RFC Enabled.
Santosh

Differences between enhancements and BADI'S

HI FRIENDS THIS IS URGENT.
by kandama charyulu.

Check these links..
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/a-short-tutorial-on-user-exits.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/what-is-user-exits.htm
New to enhancements
creation of table in ecc6
for Function module exits
New to ABAP Enhancements
For menu Exits and screen exit
USER EXIT
Search through www.enips.com.
You can find lot of material there.
BADI's
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005/helpdata/en/73/7e7941601b1d09e10000000a155106/frameset.htm
http://support.sas.com/rnd/papers/sugi30/SAP.ppt
http://www.sts.tu-harburg.de/teaching/sap_r3/ABAP4/abapindx.htm
http://members.aol.com/_ht_a/skarkada/sap/
http://www.ct-software.com/reportpool_frame.htm
http://www.saphelp.com/SAP_Technical.htm
http://www.kabai.com/abaps/q.htm
http://www.guidancetech.com/people/holland/sap/abap/
http://www.planetsap.com/download_abap_programs.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/c8/1975cc43b111d1896f0000e8322d00/content.htm
/people/thomas.weiss/blog/2006/04/03/how-to-define-a-new-badi-within-the-enhancement-framework--part-3-of-the-series
/people/thomas.weiss/blog/2006/04/18/how-to-implement-a-badi-and-how-to-use-a-filter--part-4-of-the-series-on-the-new-enhancement-framework
User Exits
http://www.erpgenie.com/sap/abap/code/abap26.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/a-short-tutorial-on-user-exits.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/code/abap26.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/what-is-user-exits.htm
http://wiki.ittoolbox.com/index.php/HOWTO:Implement_a_screen_exit_to_a_standard_SAP_transaction
http://www.easymarketplace.de/userexit.php
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/a-short-tutorial-on-user-exits.htm
http://www.sappoint.com/abap/userexit.pdfUser-Exit
Regards,
Balaji Reddy G
***Rewards if answers are helpful

Tell me diff between userexit and badi and give me MM flow

frnds answer to my questions kindly

Hi Basha,
What are user exits
   1.   User defined functionality included to predefined SAP standards. User should find the customer enhancements belonging to particular development class.
   2.   USER EXITS are FORMS and are called by SAP standard programs using PERFORM.
   3.   Inside the form (user exit) you can read and change almost any global data from host program.
4.    User exits are more flexible because you have more information to use in your code.
5.     Basically designed For SD module.
   6.    User-exits can be written only using access-key
With user-exits the code , the developer has written will not be there for next version unless modification assistance tool is used
Definition:
                            There are some requirements in standard programs for which a generic solution cannot be provided, as it much dependent on how the user wants to do it.
For Example:
                              PO number validation in sales order (standard order). This is not a necessity and is not done by SAP. But if the user wants to check for this then it has to be done by means of these exits. The user exit points are already defined by SAP and these exits will be called at these predefined points. All we have to do is put our code inside that exit.
What are BADI's?
                                 BADI - Business Add Ins are enhancements to the standard version of the code of SAP. They can be inserted into the SAP system to accommodate user requirements too specific to be included in the standard delivery. Customers can find the possible enhancements (BADIs) in their SAP system in the Implementation Guide (IMG) and in the component hierarchy. BADI definitions are included in the IMG so that the customer can create suitable, company-specific implementations. SAP guarantees the upward compatibility of all Business Add-In interfaces. Release upgrades do not affect enhancement calls from within the standard software nor do they affect the validity of call interfaces.
Two different views are available:
     In the definition view, an application programmer defines exit points in a source that allow specific industry sectors, partners, and customers to attach additional coding to standard SAP source code without having to modify the original object.
     In the implementation view, the users of Business Add-Ins can customize the logic they need or use a standard solution if one is available.
MM Flow:
The typical procurement cycle for a service or material consists of the following phases:
1. Determination of Requirements
Materials requirements are identified either in the user departments or via materials planning and control. (This can cover both MRP proper and the demand-based approach to inventory control. The regular checking of stock levels of materials defined by master records, use of the order-point method, and forecasting on the basis of past usage are important aspects of the latter.) You can enter purchase requisitions yourself, or they can be generated automatically by the materials planning and control system.
2. Source Determination
The Purchasing component helps you identify potential sources of supply based on past orders and existing longer-term purchase agreements. This speeds the process of creating requests for quotation (RFQs), which can be sent to vendors electronically via SAP EDI, if desired.
3. Vendor Selection and Comparison of Quotations
The system is capable of simulating pricing scenarios, allowing you to compare a number of different quotations. Rejection letters can be sent automatically.
4. Purchase Order Processing
The Purchasing system adopts information from the requisition and the quotation to help you create a purchase order. As with purchase requisitions, you can generate Pos yourself or have the system generate them automatically. Vendor scheduling agreements and contracts (in the SAP System, types of longer-term purchase agreement) are also supported.
5. Purchase Order Follow-Up
The system checks the reminder periods you have specified and - if necessary - automatically prints reminders or expediters at the predefined intervals. It also provides you with an up-to-date status of all purchase requisitions, quotations, and purchase orders.
6. Goods Receiving and Inventory Management
Goods Receiving personnel can confirm the receipt of goods simply by entering the Po number. By specifying permissible tolerances, buyers can limit over- and under deliveries of ordered goods.
7. Invoice Verification
The system supports the checking and matching of invoices. The accounts payable clerk is notified of quantity and price variances because the system has access to PO and goods receipt data. This speeds the process of auditing and clearing invoices for payment.
Also refer to this link for the tables linked with this module.
http://www.erpgenie.com/sap/abap/tables_mm.htm
I hope this will be helpful for you.
Reward points according to you.
Cheers,
Swamy Kunche

N97 bad music player, difference between v20 and v...

Hi,
Can anyone tell me the changes of the music player made in firmware version 21.0.045 compared to version 20.0.019?
All the changes logs I can find say “music player improvements” but I can't find any.
The difference between v20 and the version before that ware obvious.
“Improvements” like the “back” button going back to the home screen instead of the music list you ware coming from.
The removal of the search function in portrait mode, you can only search songs with the hardware keyboard, so no portrait touchscreen keyboard search. (very annoying when using a car dashboard stand).
And they ruined the search function all together. Now I can only search on the first word of a song, album or artiste. First I was able to search just a (part of a)word and all songs containing that word in the title would be found. I have almost 1500 songs on my N97 with only 1/3 of 32GB used. How can the expect me to remember all first words of about 4500 songs!
And all the album art in the lists, which makes for less songs on the screen at once. I don't like that very much, but that's just me I guess.
So overall the made an oké music player into an annoying player ware bey I have to remember way to much to use it properly
Of course I hoped that v21 would bring some positive chances to the music player, but I cant find any. Can Anyone tell me the changes, if any. Or are they all under the hood? But I haven't noticed any performance boosts either.
Hope to hear from someone.

I do not think that N97's music player is going to be fixed in any way...
Why? Because N97 is the worst device Nokia has ever produced! They will stop N97 software upgrading because many things in this phone went wrong. Now they claim they can fix it. And I claim: no, they can not. If they could save the sinking ship of N97 we would wait for so long for the solution of the problem called N97.
Look how irresponsible N97 becomes when you start music player!
Is this CPU issue? Playing mp3 file with 400 MHz cpu is very big deal!
My E71 has never stopped responding, and what I dit with E71 was multitasking torture!

Differences between mcp and mcp t sound

this is all sound sound info direct from a man at nvidia who knows
PLEASE NOTE ONLY MCP2-T BOARD MSI DO AT THE MOMMENT IS THE K7N2G-ILSR
The MCP has no hardware support for audio of any kind, period. Windows and the CPU do all the audio work on that part and there is absolutely no DSP, NVIDIA or otherwise, in that chip to help out. Try to do EAX, any kind of reverb or chorus, or a music preset on those boards and you'll see the CPU usage climb. Ditto if you add more voices to the mix: CPU usage goes up.
The MCP-T has a full hardware audio DSP, hardware acceleration for 2D and 3D streams, and Dolby Digital encode support. EQs, HRTFs, and all environmental settings are exposed and modifiable by the user. None of this is available on the soft solutions due to the heavy hit on the CPU if they were enabled.
Short of that, you can try to use the ASIO or OpenAL drivers. You'll find that neither will work on the MCP because there is no supporting hardware for them. In short, there is no way to coax an MCP to be an APU capable part, the support simply isn't in the chip
Here's the chip differences:
MCP has the following:
- ATA-133 x 2 ports
- USB 1.0/1.1/2.0 x 6 ports
- NVIDIA MAC 10/100 x 1 port
- Legacy I/O bus (PS2, Printer, Serial)
- AC 97 host based audio (no DSP)
MCP-T includes the above and adds the following:
- 3Com MAC 10/100 x 1 port
- 1394A Firewire MAC x 3 ports
- NVIDIA APU with Dolby Digtal Encoder

thats not to say mcp is bad as this proves
The MCP2 is definately hardware sound. As far as the APU goes the only difference between MCP2 and MCP2-T is the T version has Soundstorm(Dolby Digital). Basically Mcp2-T =5.1 digital output capabilities Mcp2 no digital output, analogue output only. The other differences are the T version Has Dual Lan support and a firewire controller which the plain MCP2 does not. Here are my cpu utilization test results from Audio winbench proving that The MCP2 APU is a hardware APU.
http://www.nforcershq.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=28870#28870
to see the test he ran ,will not copy /paste
MSI K7N2-L Mainboard
Athlon XP 2000+ Retail cooler
MSI Geforce3 TI 200
1Gig (2x512) Kingston pc2700 Ram
Maxtor DiamondMax Plus 9 8meg cache 80 gig
WD 600BB 60 gig
Onboard Nforce 2 APU (no soundstorm
just to explain differences

Difference between user exists&badi's

difference between user exists&badi's

Hi, this may help you.
Check this link to learn more about differences between user-exits and badis:
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/difference-between-badi-and-user-exits.htm
Difference Between BADI and User Exits
Business Add-Ins are a new SAP enhancement technique based on ABAP Objects. They can be inserted into the SAP System to accommodate user requirements too specific to be included in the standard delivery. Since specific industries often require special functions, SAP allows you to predefine these points in your software.
As with customer exits two different views are available:
In the definition view, an application programmer predefines exit points in a source that allow specific industry sectors, partners, and customers to attach additional software to standard SAP source code without having to modify the original object.
In the implementation view, the users of Business Add-Ins can customize the logic they need or use a standard logic if one is available.
In contrast to customer exits, Business Add-Ins no longer assume a two-level infrastructure (SAP and customer solutions), but instead allow for a multi-level system landscape (SAP, partner, and customer solutions, as well as country versions, industry solutions, and the like). Definitions and implementations of Business Add-Ins can be created at each level within such a system infrastructure.
SAP guarantees the upward compatibility of all Business Add-In interfaces. Release upgrades do not affect enhancement calls from within the standard software nor do they affect the validity of call interfaces. You do not have to register Business Add-Ins in SSCR.
The Business Add-In enhancement technique differentiates between enhancements that can only be implemented once and enhancements that can be used actively by any number of customers at the same time. In addition, Business Add-Ins can be defined according to filter values. This allows you to control add-in implementation and make it dependent on specific criteria (on a specific Country value, for example).
All ABAP sources, screens, GUIs, and table interfaces created using this enhancement technique are defined in a manner that allows customers to include their own enhancements in the standard. A single Business Add-In contains all of the interfaces necessary to implement a specific task.
The actual program code is enhanced using ABAP Objects. In order to better understand the programming techniques behind the Business Add-In enhancement concept, SAP recommends reading the section on ABAP Objects.
What is difference between badi and user-exists?
What is difference between enhancements and user-exists? and what is the full form of BADI?
I have another doubt in BDC IN BDC WE HAVE MSEGCALL (i did not remember the > correct name) where the error logs are stored, MSEGCALL is a table or structure.
What is the system landscape?
1) Difference between BADI and USER-EXIT.
i) BADI's can be used any number of times, where as USER-EXITS can be used only one time.
Ex:- if your assigning a USER-EXIT to a project in (CMOD), then you can not assign the same to other project.
ii) BADI's are oops based.
2) About 'BDCMSGCOLL' it is a structure. Used for finding error records.
3) Full form of BADI 'Business addins'.
3) System land scape will be depends on your project
Ex:- 'Development server'>'Quality server'-> 'Production server'......
Reward If Helpful.
Regards Madhu.

Difference between transparent and replicated partitions

whats the difference between transparent and replicated partitions in EAL. currently we have created essbase cube via transparent partition in eal. performance of obiee reports on essbase cube is very bad. now somebody suggested to create essbase cube via replicated partition in EAL. what difference would it make. one guy said replicated partition would make it more slow. i am confused. please explain.

Transparent Partition does not occupy or create extra memory Space in the Destination Application , it just shows the Data from Source to the Destination cube . This partition is completely dependent on Existence of Source Data . While , in replicated Partition you can use a copy of source data in the Destination cube.
FYI : Hyperion Essbase 11.1.1.0 &#8211; Partitioning and its use cases &#8211; Transparent, Replicated and Linked part…

What is the difference between action and workflow? How do I decide that I need an action in a transaction and not a workflow and vice versa?

Dear Experts,
I have few doubts and request your expert inputs to clarify my doubts.
What is the difference between action and workflow? How do I decide that I need an action in a transaction and not a workflow and vice versa?
Your earliest response is highly appreciated.
Thanks,
SMTP

Hi SMTP,
First of all, as I mentioned action is nothing but an executable work item which is designed in the workflow itself. In other words, Workflow is like your OOPS class. At run time, workflow instances are created just like objects of classes. Now, the steps designed in the workflow are called TASKS and the instances of tasks are called WORKITEMS. Now, the work items where any user action is required are called executable work items. ANd the work items where no user action is required (for example, sending an email in background) are called non-executable work items.
Whether to go with development of workflow or not depends upon your business scenario. If your requirement is only to send an email and you find any BAdi or exit where in you can write your logic then there is no need of creating a workflow. If there is a defined business process with defined users and time lines, then you can go with the development of workflows.
Rest, the below link will help you in understanding basic concepts of workflow :
Why use SAP Workflow? | Insight Consulting Partners
Regards,
Richa

What is the fundamental difference between classful and classless routing?

Hello to all,
After reading several RFCs, guides and HOWTOs I am confused by an apparently trivial question - what is the basic, fundamental difference between classful and classless routing?
I am well aware that - said in a very primitive way - the classful routing does not make use of netmasks and instead uses the address classes while the classless routing utilizes the netmasks and does not evaluate the address classes.
However, already in 1985 the RFC 950 (Internet Standard Subnetting Procedure) stated that the networks can be further subnetted using the network mask. Since then the routers are expected to use network masks in the routing decision process in the precise way they use it nowadays. However, if the routers use network masks they are doing the classless routing, aren't they? Where is then the difference if we used to describe the 80's way of routing as a classful routing? Or was it already the classless routing? The RFCs about CIDR came gradually only in 1992 and 1993.
If somebody could give me an insight into the key difference between classful and classless routing (and perhaps into the Internet history, how was the real routing done then) I would be most grateful.
Thank you a lot!
Regards,
Peter

Hello Mohammed,
I am afraid we still have not understood each other ;) I am not looking for the algorithms used to select the best path. I am well aware of them, both Ford-Bellman and Dijkstra, and about their internals. By the way, these algorithms do not have any influence whether the routing is classful or classless because they deal with metrics, not with masks. For example, a classless EIGRP internally uses a distance-vector algorithm, not a SPF algorithm.
I will try to explain once more what is my problem... There are two terms commonly used but badly defined: the classless routing and classful routing. Originally, I have thought that the classful routing works as follows:
- The routing table consists only of classful destination networks (major nets), metrics and respective gateways. No network masks are stored in the table because we are classful, that is, we use exclusively the route classes and all entries in the routing table are already classful.
- When routing a packet, the router looks at its destination IP address and determines the major net of this IP address (that is, the classful network that this IP address belongs to). Then it looks up the corresponding entry in the routing table and sends the packet to the respective gateway.
I thought that the classful routing works in this way. I won't describe the classless routing - both of us know how do the today's routers select the next hop.
However, in the RFCs 917 and 950 which were published in 1985, long ago before the term 'classless routing' was coined, the network mask was already defined and it was stated how the routers should work with it.
Now I am confused. The terms classless addresses and classless routing were defined sometime in 1990's, therefore I assume that the routing before the invention of classless IP assignment can be in fact described as classful. In other words, I thought that the routing that was commonly used in 1980's did not use netmasks and can be described as classful because the notion of classlessness came first in 1990's. But now I see that netmasks were defined in 1985.
Now where am I wrong? Do I understand the classful routing properly as I described it? Is it correct to talk about routing in that era as classful although the netmasks were already in use? Or was it already the classless routing?
Basically I am trying to understand what was called the classful routing if the classless routing is said to be something different.
Mohammed, I am most grateful to you for your patience and suggestions! Thank you indeed.
Regards,
Peter

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