Finding the complete hierarchy of all child records for a given root

Question

Hi,
We need to find the hierarchy starting from a given root by exploding the hierarchy of each child present in the hierarchy.
Consider a data as given below.
Seq_no denotes a primary key.
Child_id denotes the child node in the hierarchy
Parent_id indicates the immediate parent of the child record
Root_id denotes the starting point of the hierarchy.
Within a given hierarchy the root_id will remain the same and parent_id will keep on changing as required.
Seq_No Child_id     Parent_id     Root_id
101          1          NULL     1
102          2          1          1
103          3          2          1
104          4          1          1
105          5          3          1
106 4 NULL 4
107 7 4 4
108 8 4 4
109 9 7 4
110 3 NULL 3
111 4 3 3
112 5 3 3
The requirement is to pull the hierarchy starting from a given root traversing down the path by exploding the hierarchy of each and every child present in that hierarchy. It is explained using below example.
For root_id value as 4, the expected o/p is
child_id path
7 /7
9 /7/9
8 /8
For root_id value as 3, the expected o/p is
child_id path
4 /4
7 /4/7 ---> Hierarchy with root_id 4 gets exploded
8 /4/8
9 /4/7/9
5 /5
For root_id value as 1, the expected o/p is
child_id path
2 /2
3 /2/3 ---> Hierarchy with root_id 3 gets exploded
4 /2/3/4 ---> Hierarchy with root_id 4 gets exploded
7 /2/3/4/7
9 /2/3/4/7/9
8 /2/3/4/8
5 /2/3/5
4 /4
7 /4/7
8 /4/8
9 /4/7/9
5 /5
5 /2/3/5
Also, additionally, if there exist any cyclic child records in the hierarchy, the exploding should stop there itself.
CREATE TABLE xyz
SEQ_NO NUMBER,
ITEM_ID NUMBER,
PARENT_ITEM_ID NUMBER,
ROOT_ITEM_ID NUMBER
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(1, 1, 1);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(2, 2, 1, 1);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(3, 3, 1, 1);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(4, 4, 2, 1);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(8, 3, 3);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(9, 10, 3, 3);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(10, 11, 10, 3);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(12, 10, 10);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(13, 12, 10, 10);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(14, 11, 11);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(15, 13, 11, 11);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(16, 14, 11, 11);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(21, 23, 13, 11);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(104, 16, 91, 14);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(19, 16, 12, 10);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(20, 17, 16, 10);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(101, 110, 110);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(102, 111, 110, 110);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(103, 17, 110, 110);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(29, 31, 17, 10);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(30, 32, 17, 10);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(31, 33, 16, 10);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(35, 49, 23, 11);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(41, 14, 14);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(42, 91, 14, 14);
Insert into xyz
(SEQ_NO, ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID)
Values
(43, 92, 91, 14);
COMMIT;
Pl advise.
Thanks,
- Ajit
Edited by: 952105 on Aug 10, 2012 10:44 AM

Answer 1

My application tracks the product master that stores a product configuration along with its all child/sub-child records. There exists many such configurations for various parts.
There can exist only one configuration for a given product at any point in time. But, at the same time, this product can be a part of other product configurations too (i.e. it can exist as a child in other hierarchies).
Now, the business requirement is to pull the hierachy starting from a given product (as a root). This should also pull the hierarchy of each child/subchild existing under its hieararchy, if there exist a separate configuration for those child/subchild products.
SET DEFINE OFF;
CREATE TABLE XYZ
ITEM_ID NUMBER,
PARENT_ITEM_ID NUMBER,
ROOT_ITEM_ID NUMBER,
QUANTITY NUMBER,
LINE_ID VARCHAR2(10 BYTE)
Here, root_item_id denotes the product for which the configuration has been defined. All its child/sub-child records gets stored under this root_item_id itself. The parent_item_id column will get stored appropriately based on the immediate parent of the product under that hierarchy.
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(2, 1, 1, 5, '1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(3, 1, 1, 5, '1.2');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(1, 1, 1, '1.0');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(4, 2, 1, 6, '1.1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(10, 3, 3, 4, '1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(3, 3, 4, '1.0');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(11, 10, 3, 15, '1.1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(10, 10, 7, '1.0');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(12, 10, 10, 9, '1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(16, 12, 10, 99, '1.1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(17, 16, 10, 77, '1.1.1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(31, 17, 10, 2, '1.1.1.1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(33, 16, 10, 5, '1.1.1.2');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(32, 17, 10, 3, '1.1.1.1.2');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(14, 11, 11, 10, '1.2');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(13, 11, 11, 9, '1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(11, 11, 8, '1.0');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(23, 13, 11, 77, '1.1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(49, 23, 11, 5, '1.1.1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(16, 91, 14, 56, '1.1.2');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(92, 91, 14, 10, '1.1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(91, 14, 14, 8, '1.1');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(14, 14, 6, '1.0');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(110, 110, 1, '1.0');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(17, 110, 110, 1, '1.2');
Insert into XYZ
(ITEM_ID, PARENT_ITEM_ID, ROOT_ITEM_ID, QUANTITY, LINE_ID)
Values
(111, 110, 110, 1, '1.1');
COMMIT;
The expected result for product with root_item_id as 14
item_id hierarchy_path
11 /11
13 /11/13
23 /11/13/23
49 /11/13/23/49
14 /11/14 -- it should explode the hierarchy of product with id 14
91 /11/14/91 as there exists a configuration for this product as a root
16 /11/14/91/16
92 /11/14/91/92
In above example, it should explode the hierarachy of other products too (item_id 13,23 etc) if there exists a product configuration (starting with root_item_id as 13 or 23 etc.) for them in the table.
Thanks,
- Ajit