How can I optionally boot into X?
I've got a laptop which I'd like to boot into X most of the time but also have the option to boot to the command line, how can I do this?
I use grub so I was thinking that it could be through there somehow by passing parameters to the kernel but I don't know what I'd pass or how I would interpret it once booting had started.
Can anyone suggest a way to do it?
Put something like this in your ~/.bash_profile :
if [[ -z "$DISPLAY" ]] && [[ $(tty) = /dev/vc/1 ]]; then
startx
logout
fi
This will start X when that user logs into console 1 , but goes to command line when logging in on console 2,3,4,5,6 .
Taken from Start_X_at_boot
Similar Messages
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FreeBSD didn't install, i can no longer boot into Windows
I unsuccessfully installed FreeBSD and I can no longer boot into an OS from the HD. I attempted to install BSD onto the "G" drive below however the the install gave me some kind of storage error and I can no longer boot into Windows. While going through the BSD installation process I opted to NOT install a boot manager (I incorrectly assumed that this would leave my existing boot manager intact).
Here's how I was partitioned pre-FreeBSD (these are all partitions on the same SATA 80GB drive):
C:\ Windows ME
D:\ Windows XP sp1a
E:\ Windows XP-64 beta
F:\ Longhorn 64 preview
[G]:\ unpartitioned 4GB
[F]:\ uformatted 4GB
H:\ NTFS Storage
I:\ FAT32 Storage
Before I attempted to install BSD, I used c:\boot.ini as my boot manager.
Now when I try to boot it says:
Code: [Select]
Invalid Partition
Invalid Partition
No /boot/loader
FreeBSD/i386 boot
Default: 0:ad(0,a)/kernel
boot:
Invalid Partition
No /kernel
FreeBSD/i386 boot
Default: 0:ad(0,a)/kernel
boot: _
Has anyone else ever had this happen to them? If so how can I reenable booting into Windows?Hi
You got a prob I think, if you can boot a windows, MSconfig, startup options might restore the boot files.Only other thing is to try and either load a new windows and let it setup a boot file, or perhaps a win98 startup disk, and fdisk, then set active partiton, which will set an MBR. But that would leave a load of work to do, I think I'd opt for an install of XP, and let it repair existing installation, and make a new boot file.
Hope you don't need the info on disks. If you do, I would install another HDD, load XP, then copy original Disk to save place.
Good luck
Jocko -
how can i change boot options
That article will show you how to boot into 32-bit or 64-bit mode.
Do you mean you would like to know how to change the default boot environment?
You need to hold ⌥ (Option) when you turn on your Mac, and you will be presented with the possible options. -
How can I activate Boot Camp Assistant?
How can I activate Boot Camp? I want to install an educational library that is on a CD. People that have PC's can use the CD. I have a mac mini and I want to open the CD to read/review. I have the Snow Leopard model.
Open Boot Camp Assistant in the Utilities folder. You will see the following:
Click on the Print Installation & Setup Guide button. Click the OK button in the dropdown panel. You will now see the main Print panel. You can now print the document to your printer. If you prefer to make a PDF file you can read on the computer instead, then select Save as PDF from the PDF dropdown menu on the lower left. Save it to the location of your choice.
Now, read this document carefully in order to follow the proper procedures for creating a Windows partition on your hard drive to which you can install Windows 7 from a retail Windows 7 installer DVD.
Other options for running Windows:
Windows on Intel Macs
There are presently several alternatives for running Windows on Intel Macs.
1. Install the Apple Boot Camp software. Purchase Windows XP w/Service Pak2, Vista, or Windows 7. Follow instructions in the Boot Camp documentation on installation of Boot Camp, creating Driver CD, and installing Windows. Boot Camp enables you to boot the computer into OS X or Windows.
2. Parallels Desktop for Mac and Windows XP, Vista Business, Vista Ultimate, or Windows 7. Parallels is software virtualization that enables running Windows concurrently with OS X.
3. VM Fusionand Windows XP, Vista Business, Vista Ultimate, or Windows 7. VM Fusion is software virtualization that enables running Windows concurrently with OS X.
4. CrossOver which enables running many Windows applications without having to install Windows. The Windows applications can run concurrently with OS X.
5. VirtualBox is a new Open Source freeware virtual machine such as VM Fusion and Parallels that was developed by Solaris. It is not as fully developed for the Mac as Parallels and VM Fusion.
6. Last is Q. Q is a freeware emulator that is compatible with Intel Macs. It is much slower than the virtualization software, Parallels and VM Fusion.
Note that Parallels and VM Fusion can also run other operating systems such as Linux, Unix, OS/2, Solaris, etc. There are performance differences between dual-boot systems and virtualization. The latter tend to be a little slower (not much) and do not provide the video performance of the dual-boot system. See MacTech.com's Virtualization Benchmarking for comparisons of Boot Camp, Parallels, and VM Fusion. Boot Camp is only available with Leopard or Snow Leopard. Except for Crossover and a couple of similar alternatives like DarWine you must have a valid installer disc for Windows.
You must also have an internal optical drive for installing Windows. Windows cannot be installed from an external optical drive. -
I have 3 podcast folders in my iTunes account, how can I combine them into one folder in my iTunes library?
What is the title of the other bookmark folder that can not be deleted?
'''Try Firefox Safe Mode''' to see if the problem goes away. Safe Mode is a troubleshooting mode, which disables most add-ons.
''(If you're not using it, switch to the Default theme.)''
* On Windows you can open Firefox 4.0+ in Safe Mode by holding the '''Shift''' key when you open the Firefox desktop or Start menu shortcut.
* On Mac you can open Firefox 4.0+ in Safe Mode by holding the '''option''' key while starting Firefox.
* On Linux you can open Firefox 4.0+ in Safe Mode by quitting Firefox and then going to your Terminal and running: firefox -safe-mode (you may need to specify the Firefox installation path e.g. /usr/lib/firefox)
* Or open the Help menu and click on the '''Restart with Add-ons Disabled...''' menu item while Firefox is running.
[[Image:FirefoxSafeMode|width=520]]
''Once you get the pop-up, just select "'Start in Safe Mode"''
[[Image:Safe Mode Fx 15 - Win]]
'''''If the issue is not present in Firefox Safe Mode''''', your problem is probably caused by an extension, and you need to figure out which one. Please follow the [[Troubleshooting extensions and themes]] article for that.
''To exit the Firefox Safe Mode, just close Firefox and wait a few seconds before opening Firefox for normal use again.''
''When you figure out what's causing your issues, please let us know. It might help other users who have the same problem.''
Please report back soon. -
How can I use Boot Camp with Linux?
How can I load Linux into Boot Camp on my iMac and Macbook Pro?
PBern80 wrote:
How can I load Linux into Boot Camp on my iMac and Macbook Pro?
Use a virtual machine like Fusion, Parallels, or VirtualBox to install Linux. You can not use Bootcamp. -
I have 2 ipods on same account( 2 different kids in household) how can I separate them into 2 different accounts?
There are actually a few methods for using more than one iPod on a single computer: How To Use Multiple iPods with One Computer
Just to summarise what's in the link above:
Method one is to have two Mac or Windows user accounts which by definition would give you two completely separate libraries.
Method two is to set your preferences so that either one or both iPods get updated with only certain playlists within one library. If you've had no success with this you can have a look through the guide on this page: Loading songs onto iPod automatically
Another option when using a single library is to set one or both of the iPods to manual update: Managing content manually on iPod
You can read about Windows user accounts here: Using Windows XP User Accounts -
Can no longer boot into Mavericks 10.9.5
My problem is that I can no longer boot into Mavericks 10.9.5 on my mid-2012 Macbook Pro. The problem arose suddenly without any known major changes to my software or hardware. The booting process freezes with the apple visible and the circle below it spinning endlessly. Every several seconds, the display very briefly gets brighter, then the circle starts spinning again and the process repeats itself. It never gets to the user login screen.
Other than keeping various apps up to date, I don't recall any recent major operating system or other major software updates, nor have I made any recent hardware changes. I've searched a multitude of threads and and tried any number of fixes without success. Here's what I've tried so far (and probably a few more that I can't remember): (1) Repaired the startup disk with both Recovery HD -> Disk Utility and single-user mode -> /sbin/fsck -fy; (2) Repaired the startup disk permissions with Recovery HD -> Disk Utility; (3) Reloaded the Mavericks 10.9.5 operating system twice; (4) deleted /Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist; (5) reset PRAM and NVRAM; (6) booted with "D" pressed and ran the Apple hardware test, which ran for about 40 minutes and reported no problems; (7) tried booting from a bootable clone of Mavericks 10.9.5 on an external hard drive, which also failed at the same place with the apple showing and the circle below it spinning endlessly. ***Oddly, I am able to boot from a bootable clone of Mountain Lion on an external hard drive. It's Mavericks that won't boot.***
Here is the part of the system log the repeats itself over and over and seems to correlate with the repeated failed attempts to complete the booting process. Any help would be appreciated beyond words:
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Server is starting up
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Session 256 retained (2 references)
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Session 256 released (1 references)
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Session 256 retained (2 references)
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: init_page_flip: page flip mode is on
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Found 54 modes for display 0x00000000 [54, 0]
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Found 1 modes for display 0x00000000 [1, 0]
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Found 51 modes for display 0x00000000 [51, 0]
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Found 1 modes for display 0x00000000 [1, 0]
May 2 12:49:01 --- last message repeated 1 time ---
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro kernel[0]: IOHIDSystem::registerScreenGated: Screen 0 recycled from pid 343
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: mux_initialize: Mode is dynamic
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Found 54 modes for display 0x00000000 [54, 0]
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Found 1 modes for display 0x00000000 [1, 0]
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Found 51 modes for display 0x00000000 [51, 0]
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Found 1 modes for display 0x00000000 [1, 0]
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: WSMachineUsesNewStyleMirroring: true
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: MPServiceForDisplayDevice: Invalid device alias (0)
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x04248378: GL mask 0x10; bounds (0, 0)[2560 x 1440], 51 modes available
Main, Active, on-line, enabled, Vendor 610, Model 9227, S/N 162f0ab5, Unit 4, Rotation 0
UUID 0x3ef17c2fc9ab601507ec022fbd95576c
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x003f003d: GL mask 0x2; bounds (0, 0)[4096 x 2160], 2 modes available
off-line, enabled, Vendor ffffffff, Model ffffffff, S/N ffffffff, Unit 1, Rotation 0
UUID 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x003f0041: GL mask 0x20; bounds (0, 0)[0 x 0], 1 modes available
off-line, enabled, Vendor ffffffff, Model ffffffff, S/N ffffffff, Unit 5, Rotation 0
UUID 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x003f003f: GL mask 0x8; bounds (0, 0)[0 x 0], 1 modes available
off-line, enabled, Vendor ffffffff, Model ffffffff, S/N ffffffff, Unit 3, Rotation 0
UUID 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x04280142: GL mask 0x5; bounds (2560, 0)[1680 x 1050], 54 modes available
Active, on-line, enabled, built-in, boot, Vendor 610, Model a005, S/N 0, Unit 2, Rotation 0
UUID 0xde23f9c1cf7b915b2afe83aecee77b54
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: WSSetWindowTransform: Singular matrix
May 2 12:49:01 --- last message repeated 1 time ---
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x04248378: GL mask 0x10; bounds (0, 0)[2560 x 1440], 51 modes available
Main, Active, on-line, enabled, Vendor 610, Model 9227, S/N 162f0ab5, Unit 4, Rotation 0
UUID 0x3ef17c2fc9ab601507ec022fbd95576c
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x003f003d: GL mask 0x2; bounds (3584, 0)[1 x 1], 2 modes available
off-line, enabled, Vendor ffffffff, Model ffffffff, S/N ffffffff, Unit 1, Rotation 0
UUID 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x003f0041: GL mask 0x20; bounds (3585, 0)[1 x 1], 1 modes available
off-line, enabled, Vendor ffffffff, Model ffffffff, S/N ffffffff, Unit 5, Rotation 0
UUID 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x003f003f: GL mask 0x8; bounds (3586, 0)[1 x 1], 1 modes available
off-line, enabled, Vendor ffffffff, Model ffffffff, S/N ffffffff, Unit 3, Rotation 0
UUID 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x04280142: GL mask 0x5; bounds (435, -1050)[1680 x 1050], 54 modes available
Active, on-line, enabled, built-in, boot, Vendor 610, Model a005, S/N 0, Unit 2, Rotation 0
UUID 0xde23f9c1cf7b915b2afe83aecee77b54
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: CGXPerformInitialDisplayConfiguration
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x04248378: Unit 4; Vendor 0x610 Model 0x9227 S/N 372181685 Dimensions 23.50 x 13.23; online enabled, Bounds (0,0)[2560 x 1440], Rotation 0, Resolution 1
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x003f003d: Unit 1; Vendor 0xffffffff Model 0xffffffff S/N -1 Dimensions 0.00 x 0.00; offline enabled, Bounds (3584,0)[1 x 1], Rotation 0, Resolution 1
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x003f0041: Unit 5; Vendor 0xffffffff Model 0xffffffff S/N -1 Dimensions 0.00 x 0.00; offline enabled, Bounds (3585,0)[1 x 1], Rotation 0, Resolution 1
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x003f003f: Unit 3; Vendor 0xffffffff Model 0xffffffff S/N -1 Dimensions 0.00 x 0.00; offline enabled, Bounds (3586,0)[1 x 1], Rotation 0, Resolution 1
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x04280142: Unit 2; Alias(2, 0x5); Vendor 0x610 Model 0xa005 S/N 0 Dimensions 13.03 x 8.15; online enabled built-in, Bounds (435,-1050)[1680 x 1050], Rotation 0, Resolution 1
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: CGXMuxBoot: Boot normal
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: GLCompositor: GL renderer id 0x01024400, GL mask 0x00000003, accelerator 0x00004f2f, unit 0, caps QEX|MIPMAP, vram 1024 MB
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: GLCompositor: GL renderer id 0x01024400, GL mask 0x00000003, texture max 16384, viewport max {16384, 16384}, extensions FPRG|NPOT|GLSL|FLOAT
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: GLCompositor: GL renderer id 0x01022727, GL mask 0x0000003c, accelerator 0x00004907, unit 2, caps QEX|MIPMAP, vram 1024 MB
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: GLCompositor: GL renderer id 0x01022727, GL mask 0x0000003c, texture max 16384, viewport max {16384, 16384}, extensions FPRG|NPOT|GLSL|FLOAT
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: GLCompositor enabled for tile size [256 x 256]
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: CGXGLInitMipMap: mip map mode is on
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local loginwindow[353]: **DMPROXY** Found `/System/Library/CoreServices/DMProxy'.
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x04248378: Unit 4; ColorProfile { 2, "Thunderbolt Display"}; TransferFormula (1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000)
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Display 0x04280142: Unit 2; ColorProfile { 3, "Color LCD"}; TransferTable (256, 12)
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local launchctl[356]: launchctl: Dubious permissions on file (skipping): /Library/LaunchAgents/com.adobe.AAM.Updater-1.0.plist
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local launchctl[356]: com.apple.findmymacmessenger: Already loaded
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local com.apple.SecurityServer[23]: Session 100021 created
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local UserEventAgent[357]: Failed to copy info dictionary for bundle /System/Library/UserEventPlugins/alfUIplugin.plugin
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local airportd[71]: _doAutoJoin: Already associated to “schuyler”. Bailing on auto-join.
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local loginwindow[353]: Setting the initial value of the magsave brightness level 1
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local loginwindow[353]: Login Window Started Security Agent
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local ManagedClient[362]: ApplePersistence=YES
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local SecurityAgent[363]: Failed to create agent mechanism, failing authentication!
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local com.apple.authd[84]: engine[353]: error creating mechanism agent
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local com.apple.authd[84]: engine[353]: evaluate returned -60008 returning errAuthorizationInternal
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local loginwindow[353]: Login Window - Returned from Security Agent
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local loginwindow[353]: ERROR | -[LoginApp performAuthPluginRequest:] | AuthorizationRef doesn't have a username. Exiting.
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: CGXRestartSessionWorkspace: session workspace exited for session 256 (on console)
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Session 256 released (1 references)
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: Session 256 released (0 references)
May 2 12:49:01 SCH-MacBookPro.local WindowServer[354]: loginwindow connection closed; closing server.
May 2 12:49:03 SCH-MacBookPro com.apple.launchd[1] (com.apple.loginwindow): Throttling respawn: Will start in 1 seconds
May 2 12:49:04 SCH-MacBookPro.local loginwindow[364]: Login Window Application Started
May 2 12:49:04 SCH-MacBookPro com.apple.launchd[1] (com.apple.WindowServer): Throttling respawn: Will start in 7 secondsHi
You got a prob I think, if you can boot a windows, MSconfig, startup options might restore the boot files.Only other thing is to try and either load a new windows and let it setup a boot file, or perhaps a win98 startup disk, and fdisk, then set active partiton, which will set an MBR. But that would leave a load of work to do, I think I'd opt for an install of XP, and let it repair existing installation, and make a new boot file.
Hope you don't need the info on disks. If you do, I would install another HDD, load XP, then copy original Disk to save place.
Good luck
Jocko -
Help! My daughter changed the password on her iPhone and she can't remember it. How can she get back into it. Restoring is not an option so I'm hopeful there is another way. Thanks!
Hey KimmyP123,
Thanks for the question. I understand your daughter has an unknown passcode on her iPhone. The following article provides a few solutions for this situation:
iOS: Forgotten passcode or device disabled after entering wrong passcode
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1212
I notice you are looking for solutions other than restoring, the article does outline how you can use iCloud's Find My iPhone:
If you have Find My iPhone enabled, you can use Remote Wipe to erase the contents of your device. If you have been using iCloud to back up, you may be able to restore the most recent backup to reset the passcode after the device has been erased.
Thanks,
Matt M. -
I have iOS 6 on my iPhone. i have linked my contacts with facebook and yahoo, which has doubled or triplicated some of the contacts. how can i integrate them into one? please help. it is getting on my nerves. thanks
click on the contact which you want to integrate, click the edit button scroll down u will find a option called link contacts use it to link it to the duplicate contact
-
Hi, I am user iPad and I do not know how can attach a file into email e.g. CV. Thanks
Hi,
I am user iPad and I do not know how can attach a file into email e.g. CV.
ThanksYou attach files within the app that creates the file or within the app that the file is saved. For example you email photos from within the Photos App itself. Typically there will be an action icon within the app - an arrow icon many times - you tap on that to bring other options like Share - then Email.
Attachments must be mailed within the apps themselves. -
How can I get back into my iPod when I forgot my combination?
I set a combination lock on my iPod nano (3rd generation). Next time I tried to unlock my iPod, I realized I forgot my combo...How can I get back into my iPod? I appreciate any help you have to offer. Thank you!
If you do not know the passcode, then your only option is to restore the iPod to factory settings via iTunes.
B-rock -
I have 3 itunes accounts. How can I merge them into one?
I have 3 itunes accounts. How can I merge them into one?
Sorry, but the only answer is that you can't.
-
I have multiple documents how can I combine them into one document?
I have multiple document files in Pages. How can I combine them into one document?
Menu > View > Page Thumbnails > click on the thumbnails > Copy/Paste into thumbnails of other document
Peter -
After migration, from PC, files are now shared between two user accounts.I have to switch users to access files. How can I combine them into one account?
See Pondini's Transferring files from one User Account to another, for starters
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