How to find for which select statement performance is more

hi gurus
can anyone suggest me
if we have 2 select statements than
how to find for which select statement performance is more
thanks&regards
kals.

hi check this..
1 .the select statement in which the primary and secondary keys are used will gives the good performance .
2.if the select statement had select up to  i row is good than the select single..
go to st05 and check the performance..
regards,
venkat

Similar Messages

  • How to utilize index in selection statement

    hi
    how to utilize index in selection statement and how is it reduces performance whether another alternative is there to reduce performance .
    thanks

    Hi Suresh,
    For each SQL statement, the database optimizer determines the strategy for accessing data records. Access can be with database indexes (index access), or without database indexes (full table scan).The cost-based database optimizer determines the access strategy on the basis of:
    *Conditions in the WHERE clause of the SQL statement
    *Database indexes of the table(s) affected
    *Selectivity of the table fields contained in the database indexes
    *Size of the table(s) affected
    *The table and index statistics supply information about the selectivity of table fields, the selectivity of combinations of table fields, and table size.     Before a database access is performed, the database optimizer cannot calculate the exact cost of a database access. It uses the information described above to estimate the cost of the database access.The optimization calculation is the amount by which the data blocks to be read (logical read accesses) can be reduced. Data blocks show the level of detail in which data is written to the hard disk or read from the hard disk.
    <b>Inroduction to Database Indexes</b>
    When you create a database table in the ABAP Dictionary, you must specify the combination of fields that enable an entry within the table to be clearly identified. Position these fields at the top of the table field list, and define them as key fields.
    After activating the table, an index is created (for Oracle, Informix, DB2) that consists of all key fields. This index is called a primary index. The primary index is unique by definition. As well as the primary index, you can define one or more secondary indexes for a table in the ABAP Dictionary, and create them on the database. Secondary indexes can be unique or non-unique. Index records and table records are organized in data blocks.
    If you dispatch an SQL statement from an ABAP program to the database, the program searches for the data records requested either in the database table itself (full table scan) or by using an index (index unique scan or index range scan). If all fields requested are found in the index using an index scan, the table records do not need to be accessed.
    A data block shows the level of detail in which data is written to the hard disk or read from the hard disk. Data blocks may contain multiple data records, but a single data record may be spread across several data blocks.
    Data blocks can be index blocks or table blocks. The database organizes the index blocks in the form of a multi-level B* tree. There is a single index block at root level, which contains pointers to the index blocks at branch level. The branch blocks contain either some of the index fields and pointers to index blocks at leaf level, or all index fields and a pointer to the table records organized in table blocks. The index blocks at leaf level contain all index fields and pointers to the table records from the table blocks.
    The pointer that identifies one or more table records has a specific name. It is called, for example, ROWID for Oracle databases. The ROWID consists of the number of the database file, the number of the table block, and the row number within the table block.
    The index records are stored in the index tree and sorted according to index field. This enables accelerated access using the index. The table records in the table blocks are not sorted.
    An index should not consist of too many fields. Having a few very selective fields increases the chance of reusability, and reduces the chance of the database optimizer selecting an unsuitable access path.
    <b>Index Unique Scan</b>
    If, for all fields in a unique index (primary index or unique secondary index), WHERE conditions are specified with '=' in the WHERE clause, the database optimizer selects the access strategy index unique scan.
    For the index unique scan access strategy, the database usually needs to read a maximum of four data blocks (three index blocks and one table block) to access the table record.
    <b><i>select * from VVBAK here vbeln = '00123' ......end select.</i></b>
    In the SELECT statement shown above, the table VVBAK is accessed. The fields MANDT and VBELN form the primary key, and are specified with '=' in the WHERE clause. The database optimizer therefore selects the index unique scan access strategy, and only needs to read four data blocks to find the table record requested.
    <b>Index Range Scan</b>
    <b><i>select * from VVBAP here vbeln = '00123' ......end select.</i></b>
    In the example above, not all fields in the primary index of the table VVBAP (key fields MANDT, VBELN, POSNR) are specified with '=' in the WHERE clause. The database optimizer checks a range of index records and deduces the table records from these index records. This access strategy is called an index range scan.
    To execute the SQL statement, the DBMS first reads a root block (1) and a branch block (2). The branch block contains pointers to two leaf blocks (3 and 4). In order to find the index records that fulfill the criteria in the WHERE clause of the SQL statement, the DBMS searches through these leaf blocks sequentially. The index records found point to the table records within the table blocks (5 and 6).
    If index records from different index blocks point to the same table block, this table block must be read more than once. In the example above, an index record from index block 3 and an index record from index block 4 point to table records in table block 5. This table block must therefore be read twice. In total, seven data blocks (four index blocks and three table blocks) are read.
    The index search string is determined by the concatenation of the WHERE conditions for the fields contained in the index. To ensure that as few index blocks as possible are checked, the index search string should be specified starting from the left, without placeholders ('_' or %). Because the index is stored and sorted according to the index fields, a connected range of index records can be checked, and fewer index blocks need to be read.
    All index blocks and table blocks read during an index range scan are stored in the data buffer at the top of a LRU (least recently used) list. This can lead to many other data blocks being forced out of the data buffer. Consequently, more physical read accesses become necessary when other SQL statements are executed
    <b>DB Indexex :Concatenation</b>
         In the concatenation access strategy, one index is reused. Therefore, various index search strings also exist. An index unique scan or an index range scan can be performed for the various index search strings. Duplicate entries in the results set are filtered out when the search results are concatenated.
    <i><b>Select * from vvbap where vbeln in ('00123', '00133', '00134').
    endselect.</b></i>
    In the SQL statement above, a WHERE condition with an IN operation is specified over field VBELN. The fields MANDT and VBELN are shown on the left of the primary index. Various index search strings are created, and an index range scan is performed over the primary index for each index search string. Finally, the result is concatenated.
    <b>Full Table Scan</b>
    <b><i>select * from vvbap where matnr = '00015'.
    endselect</i></b>
    If the database optimizer selects the full table scan access strategy, the table is read sequentially. Index blocks do not need to be read.
    For a full table scan, the read table blocks are added to the end of an LRU list. Therefore, no data blocks are forced out of the data buffer. As a result, in order to process a full table scan, comparatively little memory space is required within the data buffer.
    The full table scan access strategy is very effective if a large part of a table (for example, 5% of all table records) needs to be read. In the example above, a full table scan is more efficient than access using the primary index.
    <i><b>In Brief</b></i>
    <i>Index unique scan:</i> The index selected is unique (primary index or unique secondary index) and fully specified. One or no table record is returned. This type of access is very effective, because a maximum of four data blocks needs to be read.
    <i>Index range scan:</i> The index selected is unique or non-unique. For a non-unique index, this means that not all index fields are specified in the WHERE clause. A range of the index is read and checked. An index range scan may not be as effective as a full table scan. The table records returned can range from none to all.
    <i>Full table scan:</i> The whole table is read sequentially. Each table block is read once. Since no index is used, no index blocks are read. The table records returned can range from none to all.
    <i>Concatenation:</i> An index is used more than once. Various areas of the index are read and checked. To ensure that the application receives each table record only once, the search results are concatenated to eliminate duplicate entries. The table records returned can range from none to all.
    Regards,
    Balaji Reddy G
    ***Rewards if answers are helpful

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  • How to find out which sub query returns more than one row

    Hi all,
    Can any one give me clue ,how to find out which sub query returns more than one row in the following query .
    /* Formatted on 2011/05/17 19:22 (Formatter Plus v4.8.8) */
    SELECT a.*, ROWNUM AS rnm
      FROM (SELECT DISTINCT '1' AS "Page View", ou.org_unit_name AS "Org",
                            prxm.mbr_idntfr AS "Beneficiary ID",
                               md.last_name
                            || ', '
                            || md.first_name AS "Beneficiary Name",
                            pci.idntfr AS "Tracking No.",
                            TO_CHAR (TRUNC (req.pa_rqst_date),
                                     'MM/dd/yyyy'
                                    ) AS "Request Date",
                            sts.status_name AS "Status",
                            req.pa_rqst_sid AS "Request #",
                            prxm.mbr_sid AS "Mbr_sid",
                            TO_CHAR
                                  (TRUNC (req.pa_revision_date),
                                   'MM/dd/yyyy'
                                  ) AS "Last Updated",
                            TO_CHAR (psd.TO_DATE, 'MM/dd/yyyy') AS "TO_DATE",
                            prxpl.prvdr_lctn_iid AS "PRVDR_LCTN_IID",
                            pd.prvdr_sid AS "PRVDR_SID", 'Y' AS "State View",
                            DECODE
                               ((SELECT DISTINCT pd.national_prvdr_idntfr
                                            FROM pa_request_x_provider_location prxplo
                                           WHERE prxplo.pa_rqst_sid =
                                                                   req.pa_rqst_sid
                                             AND prxplo.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                                             AND prxplo.pa_prvdr_type_lkpcd = 'RR'),
                                0, (SELECT prxplo.prvdr_lctn_idntfr
                                      FROM pa_request_x_provider_location prxplo
                                     WHERE prxplo.pa_rqst_sid = req.pa_rqst_sid
                                       AND prxplo.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                                       AND prxplo.pa_prvdr_type_lkpcd = 'RR'),
                                NULL, (SELECT prxplo.prvdr_lctn_idntfr
                                         FROM pa_request_x_provider_location prxplo
                                        WHERE prxplo.pa_rqst_sid = req.pa_rqst_sid
                                          AND prxplo.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                                          AND prxplo.pa_prvdr_type_lkpcd = 'RR'),
                                (SELECT DISTINCT pd.national_prvdr_idntfr
                                            FROM pa_request_x_provider_location prxplo
                                           WHERE prxplo.pa_rqst_sid =
                                                                   req.pa_rqst_sid
                                             AND prxplo.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                                             AND prxplo.pa_prvdr_type_lkpcd = 'RR')
                               ) AS "NPI/ID",
                            DECODE
                               ((SELECT pd.org_bsns_name
                                   FROM pa_request_x_provider_location prxplo
                                  WHERE prxplo.pa_rqst_sid = req.pa_rqst_sid
                                    AND prxplo.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                                    AND prxplo.pa_prvdr_type_lkpcd = 'RR'),
                                NULL, (SELECT    pd.last_name
                                              || ', '
                                              || pd.first_name
                                              || ' '
                                              || pd.middle_name
                                         FROM pa_request_x_provider_location prxplo
                                        WHERE prxplo.pa_rqst_sid = req.pa_rqst_sid
                                          AND prxplo.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                                          AND prxplo.pa_prvdr_type_lkpcd = 'RR'),
                                (SELECT pd.org_bsns_name
                                   FROM pa_request_x_provider_location prxplo
                                  WHERE prxplo.pa_rqst_sid = req.pa_rqst_sid
                                    AND prxplo.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                                    AND prxplo.pa_prvdr_type_lkpcd = 'RR')
                               ) AS "Prvdr Name",
                            TO_CHAR (psd.from_date,
                                     'MM/dd/yyyy'
                                    ) AS "Srvc From Date",
                            TO_CHAR (req.validity_start_date,
                                     'MM/DD/YYYY'
                                    ) AS "Due Date",
                            (fn_get_busniess_days (TRUNC (req.validity_start_date))
                            ) AS "Days<br>Left",
                            req.pa_mode_type_lkpcd AS "Source",
                            TO_CHAR (TRUNC (wmdtl.rtng_date),
                                     'MM/dd/yyyy'
                                    ) AS "Assigned On",
                            NVL (wmdtl.assigned_to_user_name,
                                 'Not Assigned'
                                ) AS "Assigned To",
                            req.org_unit_sid AS "OrgUnitSid",
                            TO_CHAR
                                 (wmdtl.modified_date,
                                  'MM/dd/yyyy hh24:mi:ss'
                                 ) AS "WTRD_MODIFIED_DATE",
                            TO_CHAR (wmdtl.rtng_date,
                                     'MM/dd/yyyy'
                                    ) AS "WTRD_RTNG_DATE",
                            req.status_cid AS "PA_STATUS_CID",
                            TO_CHAR (req.modified_date,
                                     'MM/dd/yyyy'
                                    ) AS "PA_REQ_MODIFIED_DATE",
                            prs.state_pa_srvc_type_code
                                                     AS "STATE_PA_SRVC_TYPE_CODE",
                            wmdtl.wm_pa_task_rtng_dtl_sid
                                                        AS "WM_TASK_RTNG_DTL_SID",
                            wmdtl.assigned_to_user_acct_sid
                                              AS "WTRD_Assigned_to_user_acct_sid",
                            (fn_get_busniess_days (TRUNC (req.validity_start_date))
                            ) AS "Days<br>LeftSort",
                            wmdtl.assigned_to_org_unit_sid
                                                  AS "WTRD_Assigned_to_OrgUntSid",
                            DECODE
                               ((SELECT COUNT (*)
                                   FROM pa_request_status prs
                                  WHERE prs.pa_rqst_sid = req.pa_rqst_sid
                                    AND prs.status_cid = 5
                                    AND prs.oprtnl_flag = 'I'),
                                0, 'N',
                                'Y'
                               ) AS "SHOW_UTILIZATION"
                       FROM   pa_request req,
                             pa_certification_identifier pci,
                             status sts,
                             pa_request_x_member prxm,
                             wm_pa_task_routing_detail wmdtl,
                             pa_service_date psd,
                             org_unit ou,
                             pa_request_service prs,
                             pa_request_x_provider_location prxpl,
                             provider_location pl,
                             provider_detail pd,
                             provider p,
                             mbr_dmgrphc md
                      WHERE req.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND req.status_cid NOT IN
                                     (20, 30, 70, 25, 80, 96, 85, 5, 97, 98, 101)
                        AND req.org_unit_sid IN
                               (3057, 3142, 3058, 3143, 3059, 3144, 3060, 3145,
                                3061, 3146, 3062, 3147, 3063, 3148, 3064, 3149,
                                3065, 3150, 3066, 3151, 3067, 3152, 3068, 3153,
                                3069, 3154, 3070, 3155, 3071, 3156, 3072, 3157,
                                3073, 3158, 3074, 3159, 3075, 3160, 3076, 3161,
                                3077, 3162, 3078, 3163, 3079, 3164, 3080, 3165,
                                3081, 3166, 3082, 3167, 3083, 3168, 3084, 3169,
                                3085, 3170, 3086, 3171, 3087, 3172, 3088, 3173,
                                3089, 3174, 3090, 3175, 3091, 3176, 3092, 3177,
                                3093, 3178, 3094, 3179, 3095, 3180, 3096, 3181,
                                3097, 3182, 3098, 3183, 3099, 3184, 3100, 3185,
                                3101, 3186, 3102, 3187, 3103, 3003, 75000104,
                                75000108, 2006, 75000103, 75000102, 75000113,
                                75000111, 75000109, 2001, 2009, 75000105,
                                75000107, 2004, 2010, 2013, 2014, 2005, 2011,
                                75000112, 2002, 1001, 2012, 75000106, 2007,
                                75000101, 2003, 75000110, 2008, 3001, 3002, 3019,
                                3104, 3020, 3105, 3021, 3106, 3022, 3107, 3023,
                                3108, 3024, 3109, 3025, 3110, 3026, 3111, 3027,
                                3112, 3028, 3113, 3029, 3114, 3030, 3115, 3031,
                                3116, 3032, 3117, 3033, 3118, 3034, 3119, 3035,
                                3120, 3036, 3121, 3037, 3122, 3038, 3123, 3039,
                                3124, 3040, 3125, 3041, 3126, 3042, 3127, 3043,
                                3128, 3044, 3129, 3045, 3130, 3046, 3131, 3047,
                                3132, 3048, 3133, 3049, 3134, 3050, 3135, 3051,
                                3136, 3052, 3137, 3053, 3138, 3054, 3139, 3055,
                                3140, 3056, 3141)
                        AND req.pa_rqst_sid = prs.pa_rqst_sid
                        AND prs.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND prs.pa_rqst_srvc_sid = psd.pa_rqst_srvc_sid
                        AND psd.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND req.pa_rqst_sid = pci.pa_rqst_sid
                        AND pci.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND req.pa_rqst_sid = prxm.pa_rqst_sid
                        AND prxm.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND md.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND md.status_cid = 2
                        AND TRUNC (SYSDATE) BETWEEN md.from_date AND md.TO_DATE
                        AND prxm.mbr_sid = md.mbr_sid
                        AND ou.org_unit_sid = req.org_unit_sid
                        AND ou.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND req.pa_rqst_sid = prxpl.pa_rqst_sid
                        AND prxm.pa_rqst_sid = prxpl.pa_rqst_sid
                        AND pci.pa_rqst_sid = prxm.pa_rqst_sid
                        AND pci.pa_rqst_sid = wmdtl.subsystem_task_sid
                        AND pci.pa_rqst_sid = prxpl.pa_rqst_sid
                        AND prxpl.pa_prvdr_type_lkpcd = 'RR'
                        AND prxpl.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND req.status_cid = sts.status_cid
                        AND sts.status_type_cid = 3
                        AND sts.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND prxpl.prvdr_lctn_iid = pl.prvdr_lctn_iid
                        AND p.prvdr_sid = pd.prvdr_sid
                        AND p.prvdr_sid = pl.prvdr_sid
                        AND pd.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND pd.status_cid = 2
                        AND TRUNC (SYSDATE) BETWEEN pd.from_date AND pd.TO_DATE
                        AND wmdtl.subsystem_task_sid = req.pa_rqst_sid
                        AND wmdtl.subsystem_lkpcd = 'PA'
                        AND wmdtl.oprtnl_flag = 'A'
                        AND req.pa_rqst_date > (SYSDATE - 365)
                                       ORDER BY TO_DATE ("Request Date", 'MM/dd/yyyy hh24:mi:ss') DESC,
                            "Beneficiary Name" ASC) a
    WHERE ROWNUM < 102;regards,
    P Prakash
    Edited by: BluShadow on 17-May-2011 15:01
    added {noformat}{noformat} tags around the code                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               

    833560 wrote:
    Can any one give me clue ,how to find out which sub query returns more than one row in the following query .This is why smaller, simpler queries are easier to work with than huge ones - when something like this goes wrong smaller queries are much eaiser to debug. Unfortunately using smaller, easier-to-work with queries is not always an option
    Ganesh is right - you will have to dissect the big query bit by bit until you find the offending subquery. If there is another way I would like to find out about it too.
    The easiest way to do this is probably to use block comments to isolate parts of the query bit by bit until you find the offending part. If you carefully examine the subqueries you might be able to figure out which one is returning multiple rows without commenting everything
    Good luck!

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