How to improve 'select query with subselects'?

Oracle Database 11g Release 11.1.0.7.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.1.0.7.0Hi there,
I'm a C# developer so I really have troubles with understanding PL/SQL. I use a lot of subselects in my queries because I find it easy to understand, however, I need to learn to make use of the power of queries. I made this little library sample to illustrate the problem I have in a smaller scale. I have multiple subselects looking in the same table, running through the same amount of columns to obtain data. This is a waste of performance and resources.
Idea of the query:
Information about a book
- Location of this book
- Number of unique readers of this book
- Number of days it was rent
- Number of reservation of this book
Test data
with
book as (
select 1 as id, 'reference0001' as reference, 'titel0001' as title, 'description0001' as description, 'author0001' as author, 1 as locid from dual union all
select 2 as id, 'reference0002' as reference, 'titel0002' as title, 'description0002' as description, 'author0002' as author, 1 as locid from dual union all
select 3 as id, 'reference0003' as reference, 'titel0003' as title, 'description0003' as description, 'author0003' as author, 1 as locid from dual union all
select 4 as id, 'reference0004' as reference, 'titel0004' as title, 'description0004' as description, 'author0004' as author, 2 as locid from dual union all
select 5 as id, 'reference0005' as reference, 'titel0005' as title, 'description0005' as description, 'author0005' as author, 2 as locid from dual union all
select 6 as id, 'reference0006' as reference, 'titel0006' as title, 'description0006' as description, 'author0006' as author, 2 as locid from dual union all
select 7 as id, 'reference0007' as reference, 'titel0007' as title, 'description0007' as description, 'author0007' as author, 3 as locid from dual union all
select 8 as id, 'reference0008' as reference, 'titel0008' as title, 'description0008' as description, 'author0008' as author, 3 as locid from dual
location as (
select 1 as id, '100.1' as roomnumber from dual union all
select 2 as id, '100.2' as roomnumber from dual union all
select 3 as id, '100.3' as roomnumber from dual
client as (
select 1 as id, 'client001' as name from dual union all
select 2 as id, 'client002' as name from dual union all
select 3 as id, 'client003' as name from dual
book_history as (
select 1 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 10 as days, to_date('06-06-2012') as rentdate from dual union all
select 3 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('06-06-2012') as rentdate from dual union all
select 2 as bookid, 2 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('07-06-2012') as rentdate from dual union all
select 1 as bookid, 2 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('07-06-2012') as rentdate from dual union all
select 2 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('08-06-2012') as rentdate from dual union all
select 2 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('08-06-2012') as rentdate from dual union all
select 3 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 3 as days, to_date('09-06-2012') as rentdate from dual
reservation_history as (
select 1 as bookid, 1 as clientid, to_date('04-06-2012') as reservationdate from dual union all
select 3 as bookid, 1 as clientid, to_date('04-06-2012') as reservationdate from dual union all
select 2 as bookid, 2 as clientid, to_date('05-06-2012') as reservationdate from dual union all
select 1 as bookid, 2 as clientid, to_date('05-06-2012') as reservationdate from dual union all
select 2 as bookid, 1 as clientid, to_date('06-06-2012') as reservationdate from dual union all
select 2 as bookid, 1 as clientid, to_date('06-06-2012') as reservationdate from dual union all
select 3 as bookid, 1 as clientid, to_date('07-06-2012') as reservationdate from dual
)Normally my queries look like this
select b.id,
        b.reference,
        b.title,
        b.description,
        b.author,
        l.roomnumber,
           select count(distinct bh.clientid)
           from   book_history bh
           where bh.bookid = b.id
           and    bh.rentdate >= to_date('01-01-2012')
           and    bh.rentdate < to_date('01-01-2013')
         ) as different_readers,
        nvl((
           select sum(bh.days)
           from   book_history bh
           where bh.bookid = b.id
           and    bh.rentdate >= to_date('01-01-2012')
           and    bh.rentdate < to_date('01-01-2013')
         ),0) as days_of_rent,
          select count(1)
          from reservation_history rh
          where rh.bookid = b.id
          and   rh.reservationdate >= to_date('01-01-2012')
          and   rh.reservationdate < to_date('01-01-2013')
        ) as times_reserved
from    book b
join    location l
on     b.locid = l.id I tried to improve it to this
select b.id,
          b.reference,
          b.title,
          b.description,
          b.author,
       l.roomnumber,
       nvl(t1.clients, 0) as different_readers,
       nvl(t1.days, 0) as days_of_rent,
          select count(1)
          from reservation_history rh
          where rh.bookid = b.id
          and   rh.reservationdate >= to_date('01-01-2012')
          and   rh.reservationdate < to_date('01-01-2013')
        ) as times_reserved
from   book b
left join location l
       on b.locid = l.id
left join (select bh.bookid as bookid,
                  count(distinct bh.clientid) as clients,
                  sum(bh.days) as days
           from   book_history bh
           where bh.rentdate >= to_date('01-01-2012')
           and    bh.rentdate < to_date('01-01-2013')
           group by bh.bookid
           ) t1
        on t1.bookid = b.id I am told that I should try to move out the group by from the last left join or try to use partitioning.
Now this is a bit too much for my understanding. When I use partitioning
select distinct
       b.id,
          b.reference,
          b.title,
          b.description,
          b.author,
       l.roomnumber,
       nvl(count(distinct bh.clientid) over (partition by bh.bookid), 0) as different_readers,
       nvl(sum(bh.days) over (partition by bh.bookid),0) as days_of_rent,
          select count(1)
          from reservation_history rh
          where rh.bookid = b.id
          and   rh.reservationdate >= to_date('01-01-2012')
          and   rh.reservationdate < to_date('01-01-2013')
        ) as times_reserved
from   book b
left join location l
       on b.locid = l.id
left join book_history bh
       on b.id = bh.bookid
      and bh.rentdate >= to_date('01-01-2012')
      and bh.rentdate < to_date('01-01-2013')I suppressed same result rows by using distinct, however I am told to avoid using distinct as this slows down a lot.
Is there any other solution I can use to achieve the same?
I hope my question is clear enough to be answered! Thanks in advance for your time!
Kind regards,
Metroickha
Edited by: 858378 on 6-feb-2013 2:37

Thanks for providing the data in a usable format, that really helps.
858378 wrote:
I am told that I should try to move out the group by from the last left join or try to use partitioning.
Now this is a bit too much for my understanding. When I use partitioning
select b.id,
          b.reference,
          b.title,
          b.description,
          b.author,
l.roomnumber,
count(distinct bh.clientid) over (partition by bh.bookid) as different_readers,
nvl(sum(bh.days) over (partition by bh.bookid),0) as days_of_rent
from   book b
left join location l
on b.locid = l.id
left join book_history bh
on b.id = bh.bookid
and bh.rentdate >= '01-01-2012'
and bh.rentdate < '01-01-2013'I get multiple rows with the same values (as expected). So what do I need to add to remove the multiple same rows?Use a DISTINCT...
SQL> ed
Wrote file afiedt.buf
1 with book as (
2      select 1 as id, 'reference0001' as reference, 'titel0001' as title, 'description0001' as description, 'author0001' as author, 1 as locid from dual union all
3      select 2 as id, 'reference0002' as reference, 'titel0002' as title, 'description0002' as description, 'author0002' as author, 1 as locid from dual union all
4      select 3 as id, 'reference0003' as reference, 'titel0003' as title, 'description0003' as description, 'author0003' as author, 1 as locid from dual union all
5      select 4 as id, 'reference0004' as reference, 'titel0004' as title, 'description0004' as description, 'author0004' as author, 2 as locid from dual union all
6      select 5 as id, 'reference0005' as reference, 'titel0005' as title, 'description0005' as description, 'author0005' as author, 2 as locid from dual union all
7      select 6 as id, 'reference0006' as reference, 'titel0006' as title, 'description0006' as description, 'author0006' as author, 2 as locid from dual union all
8      select 7 as id, 'reference0007' as reference, 'titel0007' as title, 'description0007' as description, 'author0007' as author, 3 as locid from dual union all
9      select 8 as id, 'reference0008' as reference, 'titel0008' as title, 'description0008' as description, 'author0008' as author, 3 as locid from dual
10      ),
11    location as (
12      select 1 as id, '100.1' as roomnumber from dual union all
13      select 2 as id, '100.2' as roomnumber from dual union all
14      select 3 as id, '100.3' as roomnumber from dual
15      ),
16    client as (
17      select 1 as id, 'client001' as name from dual union all
18      select 2 as id, 'client002' as name from dual union all
19      select 3 as id, 'client003' as name from dual
20      ),
21    book_history as (
22      select 1 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 10 as days, to_date('06-06-2012','DD-MM-YYYY') as rentdate from dual union all
23      select 3 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('06-06-2012','DD-MM-YYYY') as rentdate from dual union all
24      select 2 as bookid, 2 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('07-06-2012','DD-MM-YYYY') as rentdate from dual union all
25      select 1 as bookid, 2 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('07-06-2012','DD-MM-YYYY') as rentdate from dual union all
26      select 2 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('08-06-2012','DD-MM-YYYY') as rentdate from dual union all
27      select 2 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 5 as days, to_date('08-06-2012','DD-MM-YYYY') as rentdate from dual union all
28      select 3 as bookid, 1 as clientid, 3 as days, to_date('09-06-2012','DD-MM-YYYY') as rentdate from dual
29      )
30 select distinct
31          b.id
32         ,b.reference
33         ,b.title
34         ,b.description
35         ,b.author
36         ,l.roomnumber
37         ,count(distinct bh.clientid) over (partition by b.id) as different_readers
38         ,nvl(sum(bh.days) over (partition by b.id),0) as days_of_rent
39 from    book b
40          join location l on (b.locid = l.id)
41          left outer join book_history bh on (   bh.bookid = b.id
42                                             and bh.rentdate >= to_date('01-01-2012','DD-MM-YYYY')
43                                             and bh.rentdate < to_date('01-01-2013','DD-MM-YYYY')
44                                             )
45* order by 1
SQL> /
        ID REFERENCE     TITLE     DESCRIPTION     AUTHOR     ROOMN DIFFERENT_READERS DAYS_OF_RENT
         1 reference0001 titel0001 description0001 author0001 100.1                 2           15
         2 reference0002 titel0002 description0002 author0002 100.1                 2           15
         3 reference0003 titel0003 description0003 author0003 100.1                 1            8
         4 reference0004 titel0004 description0004 author0004 100.2                 0            0
         5 reference0005 titel0005 description0005 author0005 100.2                 0            0
         6 reference0006 titel0006 description0006 author0006 100.2                 0            0
         7 reference0007 titel0007 description0007 author0007 100.3                 0            0
         8 reference0008 titel0008 description0008 author0008 100.3                 0            0
8 rows selected.
SQL>also ensure you treat dates as dates and specify a format mask when using TO_DATE.

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thanks\
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If Itab is not initial.
Endif. and if possible with valiadations messages also.
IF CHECK_NUMBER of CHECK_ADVICE of the flat file = PAYR-CHECT. Then update SAP field BSEG-XREF2 .
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Please send me immediately.

>     SELECT rsnum
>            rspos
>            matnr
>            werks
>         lgort
>            shkzg
>            aufnr
>            bdmng
>            enmng
>            FROM resb INTO TABLE it_rsnum FOR ALL ENTRIES IN it_aufnr
>            WHERE rsnum EQ it_aufnr-rsnum
>            AND   xloek NE 'X'
>            AND   postp NE 'X'
>            AND   resbbdmng GE resbenmng.
>   ENDIF.
>
> Database Table RESB: 40,000,000 Records (40 Million)
> Internal Table   it_aufnr: 20,000 Entries
> Entries selected from RESB: 150,000.
>
Hi,
the problem is the big for all entries table.
Your 20.000 records FAE will be split into SEVERAL sql statements depending on the size of the table.
Where do you get the it_auftrn from?
If it's another transparent table try to JOIN this table to your big table.
SELECT rsnum
            rspos
            matnr
            werks
        lgort
            shkzg
            aufnr
            bdmng
            enmng
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            AND   postp NE 'X'
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Make sure that your WHERE filter and the JOIN keys on both tables are supported by indexes.
150.000 records about of 40 Mio. can definitly be serviced by an appropriate index:
i.e. Index fields (check your PK or secondary indexes):
rsnum
enmng
aufnr
bye
yk

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how to use SELECTION-SET with FREE-SELECTIONS?
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http://helpx.adobe.com/photoshop/kb/advanced-cropping-resizing-resampling-photoshop.html#m ain_Resizing_and_resampling_images
Understanding Resize vs. Resample | Learn Photoshop CS6 | Adobe TV
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Soumya.

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