I need help on a java test

Question

I'm just learning java and my teacer likes giving us tests on stuff he never taught us... I'm not asking for you to give me ther answers but just at least explain what this stuff means
he gave us a program then 16 questions about it
All I know is that the prgram is a class that takes students names and test scores and finds there averges and studd like that
ok heres the program
// Solution 5.1
/* Student.java
Manage a student's name and three test scores.
public class Student {
//Instance variables
//Each student object has a name and three test scores
private String name; //Student name
private int test1; //Score on test 1
private int test2; //Score on test 2
private int test3; //Score on test 3
// Default constructor -- initialize name to the empty string and
// the test scores to zero
public Student() {
name = "";
test1 = 0;
test2 = 0;
test3 = 0;
//Aditional constructor -- initialize the name and test scores
//to the values provided
public Student(String nm, int t1, int t2, int t3){
name = nm;
test1 = t1;
test2 = t2;
test3 = t3;
//Aditional constructor -- initialize the name and test scores
//to match those in perameter s.
public Student(Student s){
name = s.name;
test1 = s.test1;
test2 = s.test2;
test3 = s.test3;
//Other Methods
public void setName (String nm){
//Set a students name
name = nm;
public String getName(){
//Get a students name
return name;
public void setScore (int i, int score){
//Set test i to score
if (i == 1) test1 = score;
else if (i == 2) test2 = score;
else test3 = score;
public int getScore (int i){
//retrieve score i
if (i == 1) return test1;
else if (i == 2) return test2;
else return tes3;
public int getAverage(){
//compute and return the average
int average;
average = (int) Math.round((test1 + test2 + test3) / 3.0);
return average
public int getHighscore(){
//determine and return the highest score
int highScore;
highscore = test1;
if (test2 > highscore) highscore = test 2;
if (test3 > highscore) highscore = test 3;
return highscore;
public String toString(){
//Construct and return a string representation of the student
string str;
str = "Name: " + name + "\n" + // "\n" denotes a newline
"Test 1: " + test1 + "\n" +
"Test 2: " + test2 + "\n" +
"Test 3: " + test3 + "\n" +
"Average: " + getAverage();
return string;
Ok so theres the prgram the Questions are:
1. Identify the four structural elements of the student class prgram
2. Why did I omit the clause extends <some class> in my program
3. Explain Class hierarchy
4. Why are instance variables always declared to be private
5. What would happen if I declared them public
6. What happens if I omit it completely
7. Identify the instance variables in student class program
8. What does the constructor method do in the student class
9. Why didn't I declare and intalize my variables at the same time
10. Why do I use so many comments in this program
(I actually know the answer to this one)
11. Why do I need a default constructor
(what the crap is a constructor?)
12. Why did I provide additional constructors
13. In Additional constructor section, explain the following code:
name = "";
name = nm;
14. Explain Chaining and where did I place it in the student class program
15. List 2 visibility modifiers in this program
16 Rewrite the student class to exclude the "\n" in t the toString section
And that is it. I seriously don't know what any of those questions mean PLEASE HELP!

Answer 1

A duplicate of this is here http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=5141024