Identify virtual or physical within guest OS (Linux)

Hi,
Within the guest OS I want to know if I am running on a VM or a physical host. My guest OS is Linux. Would you let me know how can I get this info? What command is available?
I have seen 'dmidecode', but it requires super user privileges. I want to do this as a normal user.
Regards,
Vinay

You may want to pay attention to disk paths... ls on /dev/
Virtual linux guest use specfic path names. Pay attention to the x.... disk paths.

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Kernel, virtual and physical memory

Hi,
I would like to get a clarification of the uses of the terms kernel, virtual and physical memory. Functions like kmem_alloc provide non-paged 'kernel' memory, but is this a pointer to a physical memory address, or is it similar to a virtual address that gets mapped by the memory management when it is referenced like virtual memory?
Is there a way to determine a mapping between a virtual address and a physical address? (like vtophys in bsd or virt_to_phys/virt_to_bus in linux) ?
Is all memory that is normally used within a driver (e.g. messages through a STREAM or DMA areas) 'kernel' memory, and is this a direct physical memory address (as asked above)?
Many thanks
S.

Hi,
Most kernel code and device drivers will only use virtual addresses. Yes, it is right!
But I want to access a specific physical address.
Because the bus bridge chip with PCI bus-master access a specific physical address directly.
My system configuration is below:
Platform: IA32
Address map:
0x00000000 - 0x000FFFFF: Main Memory, VGA Frame Buffer, Boot ROM
0x00100000 - 0x0FFFFFFF : Main Memory(DIMM) - 255MB*
0x10000000 - 0xFEBFFFFF: PCI bus memory space
0xFEC00000 - 0xFFF7FFFF: Not Used
0xFFFF8000 - 0xFFFFFFFF: Boot ROM
*My system has 128MB DIMM on board.
The bus bridge chip access a physical address at 0x06000000.
I tested whether it would be set up correctly by using Linux as follow:
1) Memory size is specified to 96MB compulsorily.
init: Linux mem=96M
2) Access to Physical address space via virtual address in kernel space.
init_module(){
va = iormap(0x06000000, size);
*va = value;
value = *(va+n);
3) work good.
I tried on Solaris by the same way.
But I cannot find working.
1) Memory size is specified to 96MB compulsorily.
In /etc/system:
set physmem=23723 <- Page size is 4K in my system. lower than 96MB.
2) Access to Physical address space via virtual address in kernel space.
xxx_attach(){
ddi_regs_map_setup();
ddi_putX(value);
value = ddi_getX();
driver.conf
name="xxx" class="sysbus" reg=0,0x06000000, size;
And I tried access by using /dev/mem.
This also went wrong.
dose anyone have good idea?
Toru OHATA

Do I need to configure any settings of Virtual Machine for 64bit guests?

I have installed VirtualBox on a Windows 2008 R2 64bit machine which has Intel Xeon E5506 processor.
Now, I have started to create Virtual Machine for:
1. Oracle Linux Release 5 Update 7 for x86 64 (64 bit)
2. Windows 2008 R2 64bit
I think I need to enable VT-x in BIOS but how about Execute Disable Bit?
Acccording to the VirtualBox User Manual, VirtualBox will automatically use the correct settings for each selected 64-bit operating system type. However, I don't see any setting to specify whether I will install 32bit or 64bit OS. When I check the setting Enable IO APIC, it is not checked. My understanding is that setting must be enabled for any 64bit guests. Does VirtualBox use the correct settings including Enable IO APIC when I actually install the OS not before that?
Thanks for any help.
Peter

Hello Todd/Venkat/Tuxedo Experts,
I wanted to clarify the part that says: "You will also need to add the WSL to the UBBCONFIG file and recompile UBBCONFIG."
I am guessing this means adding a WSL entry in UBBCONFIG file of Tuxedo Server since (I have been told in Venkat's post that) UBBCONFIG/tuxconfig file is not required on client side of tuxedo. Am I right in saying that client will have no UBBCONFIG and tuxconfig, while server UBBCONFIG has to have appropriate WSL entry?
Btw, if I look at the ubbconfig of simpapp, it has no WSL entry. It does have the following server details though:
==============================
DOMAINID simpapp
MASTER DevnonAOMapp
DevnonAOMapp LMID=DevnonAOMapp
*GROUPS
GROUP1
LMID=DevnonAOMapp GRPNO=1 OPENINFO=NONE
*SERVERS
DEFAULT:
CLOPT="-A"
simpserv SRVGRP=GROUP1 SRVID=1
*SERVICES
TOUPPER
==============================
Where will the WSL entry fit and what would it look like?
Thanks & Regards,
Ahsan

Moving Essentials from Virtual to Physical

I have been granted the great privilege of moving a Server 2012 Essentials server from a virtual machine running inside VirtualBox to a physical box. The physical box is the same one that the virtual box will be so the Linux distro will be wiped out.
I have no problem wiping out the OS and installing from scratch. The question I have is what can be backed up and restored in the way of AD so that I can have little impact on the workstations? Do I have the option to restore AD so that the
DC and all workstations will be imported to the new install? I do not want to go around to all workstations to join the domain again and run into profile issues. Thanks for any input.
Jon

-->The question I have is what can be backed up and restored in the way of AD so that I can have little impact on the workstations?
before moving, backup...windows server backup to backup the all state of server...
Best,
Howtodo

How to add a virtual disk into a 'guest VM' after VM has been created?

Well, it was easy when one need to add a virtual disk before creating a guest VM. All need to do was to edit the template and click on disk tab and create a virtual disk.
However the challenge comes after created a 'guest VM'. I need to add additional virtual disk into this 'guest VM'.
This is what I did.
Click on Repositories tab --> Under repositories--> Virtual Disks. There is a green "+" sign. Click on it. It says create virtual disk. Follow the instruction, I enter the virtual disk name, size, and select if it is spare or non-spare. Hit ok. Well, everythings seems fine.
Next, I click on the "blue folder" icon which indicated import virtual disk. It asked me about Virtual disk download location.
According to the manual, http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E27300_01/E27309/html/vmusg-repo.html#vmusg-repo-vdisk
Virtual Disk download location: The URL for the virtual disk file. The URL protocols supported are HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP. For example:http://example.com/vdisks/myvdisk.img
How can I determine what is the URL in my case?
Where is the newly created virtual disk located? Isn't it supposed to be in Oracle Server? But it doesn't have a http server running there.
Please help.
Thank you.

Virtual disks can only be added and removed at runtime from a PVM. You don't even need to know anything special. Just create the vdisk and use the VMs settings to occupy another slot with the new vdisk.
But as I said… this works only with PVMs, not HVMs. In case of a HVM, you will need to shut down the VM and add the disk afterwards, then fire it back up.
The little folder with the blue down arrow is for importing an existing vdisk file from a web- or ftp server. If you have already created the vdisk, you won't need that.

Executing JRE from within C in Linux

Hello,
I tried to execute the JRE and give it some arguments (In fact my Java application) from within C. I used the library function
execl(...) to make this.
Unfortunately I got error "Could not load JRE" and some
shared object error.
Anyone any ideas how I can execute my Java Application from within C in Linux?
thx Fatih

Look up Janava Native Interface (JNI), and specifically the invocation interface.

Convert the BW and PI database servers from virtual to physical servers

Hi all,
         converting the BW and PI database servers from virtual to physical servers.
         what is the difference between Virtual & pysical database servers?
         How do we carry out the conversion?

This [link|http://www.itworld.com/virtualization/59444/virtually-compliant-enough] may useful to you.

Securely identifying a remote physical machine

Hi,
Is there a way of securely identifying a remote physical machine? I don't mean by using a public/private key mechanism, because I want to identify the physical machine, NOT the user, for program piracy issues.
I posted this to the general security forum, but I think I have a better chance using some low-level network mechanism?
TIA,
Reggie

I thought commercial programmers always had access to
some unique network machine ID, like the one ActiveX
uses to create a UID to create a unique ID for their
ActiveX control?It's easy to generate a unique ID. But such an ID isn't secure. The user can change it, force it to be regenerated, move it to a different system, or otherwise compromise some aspect of its uniqueness/security.
If you're willing to rely on users not being malicious, there are a lot of ways you can generate unique IDs which would identify the machine in question. If you were to combine the current time, the machine's IP address and some random value, you would have a nearly-guaranteed unique ID, but one that is only sufficient in a friendly environment.
The "standard" UUID generator is based on the current time and the machine's MAC address. Here is some information on it:
http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9629399/apdxa.htm

Getting Virtual Server ID within OS running on guest VM

Hi,
If I login to OVM Manager and look at the info that is shown for a Virtual Server (under the info tab), there is a ID field.
I want to get this ID from within the OS running on one of the guest VMs. Could you let me know how can this be done? Which command can I use?
Regards,
Vinay

I have never installed the EM agent on Dom0. I always taken the approah of install in the EM agent on the guest and then attaching the VM Manager to EM. Thus, you get the performance stats of the guest themselves and the performance stats of the VM Servers themselves. I know it works. I'm doing it now. I do have collect issues from time to time and its more prevalent on some hardware than it is others.

Start host process from within guest OS

I am using VMWare Workstation 10.
Some of my vm's are dedicated to compiling code using CruiseControl.NET.
What I am attempting to do is add a step that automates testing a completed setup on several clean virtual machines. From what I can see, the guest OS will be required to 'announce' to the host OS that a build has completed and then launch a process to revert the virtual machines, start the virtual machines and then launch a process that does the following:
Copy the setup.exe from a known location to a directory on the virtual machine
Launch the setup.exe with parameters from a command line
Wait for setup.exe to finish
Launch an automated testing tool to validate basic functionality of the application.
Wait for automated testing to complete
Shut down the virtual machines
Wait for next successful build
I am attempting to work on this problem using vmrun.exe within a powershell script. With this script I can successfully revert virtual machines, start and stop virtual machines.
What I am trying to work out is how to pass data from CruiseControl.net in the guest operating system to the host operating system. So I am turning to this community to see if anyone here has any ideas?
I have not read of any ideas of communication from the guest to the host while there is a 'host' <yeah, pun is intended> of information of sending info from the host to the guest. Note that the guest OS does not have VMWare Workstation installed, nor is it desirable to do this.
My initial thoughts, even as I write this question, is that all of the guest OS build machines map a drive to the host. At the end of of a successful build the setup is copied to a directory and a sentinel file is updated with information. The host OS will have CruiseControl.net installed and will monitor for file changes for the sentinel file. When changed then it will start the automated testing process.
Is there a better way to accomplish this goal?
I appreciate any suggestions.
Sincerely,
Dan Lee | Release Engineer

>I guess I was expecting VPC to work like Remote Desktop, where you would automatically see the host drives listed in Windows Explorer ("C on hostname", "D on hostname", etc).
It really should, but there's a RDP update that messes up this
functionality.
>Edit 2: I've just set up a mapped drive, but it seems very unreliable. It gets slower and slower as I "drill down" through folders on the host, and right-clicking a file to copy it to the guest causes Windows Explorer to hang, and never
shows the context menu. I've tried uninstalling IS from the guest and re-installing/enabling it, but it made no difference. Thoughts?
Turn of all TCP and UDP offloading in the NIC properties on the host. Not
all NIC's are fully compatible on that feature.
Bob Comer Microsoft MVP -- Hyper-V

Installing ArchLinx+Guest Additions in Virtual Box(error during guest)

The Arch Linux install seemed to go through smoothly. I installed it using the wiki page, rebooted, and logged in as root. I am installing this for a class, so trying to follow the instructions to do so. Next, we are supposed to install 'Guest Additions' for Virtual box using the instructions below:
Now, you should install "Guest Additions" for VirtualBox. Guest additions allows you to share files between host and guest systems. This is very convenient for development as you will need to copy files back and forth between the host and guest operating systems. You can download Guest Additions at *link*.
You need to start the virtual machine before you can continue installing Guest Additions. To do that, just select your VM name from the list on the left hand side in VirtualBox and click Start. After logging into Arch Linux, you should mount this ISO image just as you had mounted the Arch Linux ISO file. You can then mount the cdrom inside the Guest OS by doing:
mkdir /mnt/cdrom
mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom
Now install the guest additions by doing:
cd /mnt/cdrom
sh ./VBoxLinuxAdditions-x86.run
This will compile and install the kernel modules necessary for Guest Additions functionality. Please note that if you
recompile your own kernel (later as a part of project requirements), you will have to run this again so that the modules are
compiled and installed for the new kernel too.
Under settings for VBox, I mounted the Guest Additions image file, started Arch Linux, logged in as root, and followed the instructions above. I was able to do all of the above, but when I excute the last line, I am given this message:
http://img132.imageshack.us/img132/3971/linuxd.png
I have no idea where to go from here, and any help would be greatly appreciated.
Also, I feel like I have installed Arch Linux incorrectly. All the videos and pictures I see show a GUI type interface, but all I am presented with is a text-based interface. When I boot it up, it asks me to log in, and I am then taken to the command line, but I don't see the same GUI interface everyone else seems to have. Is this normal for a basic Arch Linux install? Thanks in advance.

Arch has no GUI until you install one. Some people don't want a GUI, so it's left to the user. The base install has only a command line interface.
You should probably read the Beginners Guide.
In case you missed them, there's two short articles, also on the wiki that might help you understand Arch, Arch Linux and The Arch Way

Live Migration failed using virtual HBA's and Guest Clustering

Hi,
We have a Guest Cluster Configuration on top of an Hyper-V Cluster. We are using Windows 2012 and Fiber Channel shared storage.
The problem is regarding Live Migration. Some times when we move a virtual machine from node A to node B everything goes well but when we try to move back to node A Live Migration fails. What we can see is that when we move the VM from node A to B and Live
Migration completes successfully the virtual ports remain active on node A, so when we try to move back from B to A Live Migration fails because the virtual ports are already there.
This doesn't happen every time.
We have checked the zoning between Host Cluster Hyper-V and the SAN, the mapping between physical HBA's and the vSAN's on the Hyper-V and everything is ok.
Our doubt is, what is the best practice for zoning the vHBA on the VM's and our Fabric? We setup our zoning using an alias for the vHBA 1 and the two WWN (A and B) on the same object and an alias for the vHBA 2 and the correspondent WWN (A and B). Is it
better to create an alias for vHBA 1 -> A (with WWN A) and other alias for vHBA 1 -> B (with WWN B)?
The guest cluster VM's have 98GB of RAM each. Could it be a time out issue when Live Migration happen's and the virtual ports remain active on the source node? When everything goes well, the VM moves from node A with vHBA WWN A to node B and stays there
with vHBA WWN B. On the source node the virtual ports should be removed automatically when the Live Migration completes. And that is the issue... sometimes the virtual ports (WWN A) stay active on the source node and when we try to move back the VM Live Migration
fails.
I hope You may understand the issue.
Regards,
Carlos Monteiro.

Hi ,
Hope the following link may help.
To support live migration of virtual machines across Hyper-V hosts while maintaining Fibre Channel connectivity, two WWNs are configured for each virtual Fibre Channel adapter: Set A and Set B. Hyper-V automatically alternates between the Set A and Set B
WWN addresses during a live migration. This ensures that all LUNs are available on the destination host before the migration and that no downtime occurs during the migration.
Hyper-V Virtual Fibre Channel Overview
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh831413.aspx
More information:
Hyper-V Virtual Fibre Channel Troubleshooting Guide
http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/18698.hyper-v-virtual-fibre-channel-troubleshooting-guide.aspx
Hyper-V Virtual Fibre Channel Design Guide
http://blogs.technet.com/b/privatecloud/archive/2013/07/23/hyper-v-virtual-fibre-channel-design-guide.aspx
Hyper-V virtual SAN
http://salworx.blogspot.co.uk/
Thanks.
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Virtual to physical

Is there a way to convert a virtual machine that runs on OVS 2.1 to a physical machine? another option can be to convert it to ESX guest machine.
Thanks
Chovav

chovav wrote:
Is there a way to convert a virtual machine that runs on OVS 2.1 to a physical machine? another option can be to convert it to ESX guest machine.It's possible for HVM guests, but it's not simple: you'd have to dd the virtual disk to a physical disk and then use that to boot your physical machine. For conversion to ESX, you'd need a Xen to ESX conversion tool. I'm pretty sure they're out there. :)

Virtual to physical address

Greetings. We are developing a network driver for Solaris and face a problem of flushing a buffer from/to a user area to/from a kernel area, outside a process context. The main question is how within a kernel module we can retrieve the physical addess to/from a virtual address of an arbitrary process ? Our targets are limited to Solaris 7 and 8. Thanks in advance for any help you'll provide.
Pierre.

Please refer hat_getkpfnum(9F) to do this from within a kernel module.
Otherwise, libkvm provides the foll function :
extern uint64_t kvm_physaddr(kvm_t *, struct as *, uintptr_t);
Refer man page for libkvm(3LIB)
Crash(1M) provides the function "vtop" to carry out this translation.

Remote desktop virtualization setup - can't identify virtual desktop state

I'm experimenting with MS's vdi offering and have hit a problem when selecting the Remote Desktop template virtual machine.
The Error (translated from spanish)
'Cannot identify the virtual desktop state. Verify that the remote desktop virtualization host server hypervsrv is available on the network and that the virtual desktop VDIBaseWin7 is closed'
What I've got:
A Windows 2012 R2 with hyper-v
A Windows 2012 Std on which I am trying to configure Remote desktop virtualization
A virtual machine with Windows 7 pro. The machine is basic win 7, patched and has been sysprepped.
How I get there:
From server manager I open Remote Desktop Services > from the wizard área above I click on (3) Create remote desktop collection
This opens the wizard where I choose a name for the collection
I then select 'personal virtual desktop collection' and 'créate and adminístrate virtual desktops automatically'
The wizard then presents me with a list of virtual machines. I then select the sysprepped wind 7 pro machine (which is shut down naturally). I've tried generating the win7 machine as a generation 1 and generation 2 - the result is the same.
The wizard pauses for a few moments and then displays:
'Cannot identify the virtual desktop state. Verify that the remote desktop virtualization host server hypervsrv is available on the network and that the virtual desktop VDIBaseWin7 is closed'
Neither the event log of the hyper-v server, nor the rds server, report anything.
So, my question is, whats failing? Its obvious that its trying to perform some action and is failing. The question is, whats it trying to do. If I knew what it was doing then I could investigate the cause, but the error doesn't say much.
Anyone have any ideas?

strange, This question has been moved to the remote desktop forum. I would have thought this forum was more for the traditional terminal server type questions.
Anyway, I found a solution to my own problem. It turns out to be the mix of 2012R2 for hyperv and 2012 std for the broker, etc.
I set up another server with 2012r2 and followed the same sequence to configure it with the rds roles and it worked perfectly.

Identify virtual or physical within guest OS (Linux)

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