Implement enum in java

I need help in implementing enums in java.
I am using java 1.4.2
I want to implement enum inside my public class.
Any pointers....
Thanks
Cheers

thanks for the responses...
dont have much control over java version...achieved
this using static final int
thanks
cheersI strongly recommend you buy this book. Not only does it tell you how to implement typesafe enums, it's chock-full of very useful tips and the like, that if you pay attention to will make you a better programmer

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How to do implement the FrameAccess.java code in my project

Iam doing an project in java for inserting the videos into oracle9i and searching the inserted videos using the frames of the videos inserted.I have done the project to insert and search the videos.But i have been asked to put an EXTRACT button to extract all the frames of the video being inserted.Please help me to implement the FrameAccess.java coding in my existing coding.I have pasted my coding(VideoInsert.java) and FrameAccess.java(used to extract frames) coding.
The VideoInsert.java when executed will contain browse button to choose the video file(only .mpg files) to be inserted into the database.After selecting the file and when we press open button in the Open dialog box,the video will be played in jmf player in a separate window and the filepath of the video will be included in the textbox.Now what i need is,an extract button should be placed and when it is clicked,the frames of the corresponding selected video has to be extracted in the location where the project files are stored i.e.,the FrameAccess.java coding has to be executed.
Please help me if anyone knows how to implement the above concept.
VideoInsert.java
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import oracle.sql.*;
import java.sql.*;
import oracle.jdbc.driver.*;
import oracle.sql.BLOB ;
import symantec.itools.multimedia.ImageViewer;
public class VideoInsert extends javax.swing.JFrame {
    private Connection con;
    private Statement st=null;
    private OracleResultSet rs=null;
    int count=0;
    int count1=0;
    ImageViewer displaywindow = new ImageViewer();
    /** Creates new form VideoInsert */
    public VideoInsert() {
        initComponents();
        imgpane.add(displaywindow);
        try {
            DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
            con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:oci:@","scott","tiger");
              //con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:FIRST","scott","tiger");
            con.setAutoCommit(false);
            st =con.createStatement();
            rs=(OracleResultSet)st.executeQuery("select max(vid) from browsevideo");
            while (rs.next()) {
                count = (rs.getInt(1) + 1);
            rs.close();
            st =con.createStatement();
            rs=(OracleResultSet)st.executeQuery("select max(imageno) from browseimage");
            while (rs.next()) {
                count1 = (rs.getInt(1) + 1);
            rs.close();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        txtvid.setText(String.valueOf(count));
         VideoTypeComboBox.addItem("All");
        VideoTypeComboBox.addItem("Entertainment");
        VideoTypeComboBox.addItem("Sports");
        VideoTypeComboBox.addItem("Animation");
        VideoTypeComboBox.addItem("News");
         VideoTypeComboBox.addItem("Others");
    /** This method is called from within the constructor to
     * initialize the form.
     * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is
     * always regenerated by the Form Editor.
    private void initComponents() {//GEN-BEGIN:initComponents
        jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        txtvid = new javax.swing.JTextField();
        jLabel2 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        txtvidfile = new javax.swing.JTextField();
        jLabel3 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        txtvidinfo = new javax.swing.JTextField();
        jLabel4 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        txtimgfile = new javax.swing.JTextField();
        vidbrowse = new javax.swing.JButton();
        imgbrowse = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jLabel5 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        txtimgcont = new javax.swing.JTextField();
        insert = new javax.swing.JButton();
        imgpane = new javax.swing.JPanel();
        jLabel6 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        VideoTypeComboBox = new javax.swing.JComboBox();
        getContentPane().setLayout(null);
        setTitle("VideoInsert");
        addWindowListener(new java.awt.event.WindowAdapter() {
            public void windowClosing(java.awt.event.WindowEvent evt) {
                exitForm(evt);
        jLabel1.setText("Video ID");
        getContentPane().add(jLabel1);
        jLabel1.setBounds(30, 80, 90, 16);
        txtvid.setEditable(false);
        getContentPane().add(txtvid);
        txtvid.setBounds(130, 80, 130, 20);
        jLabel2.setText("VideoFile");
        getContentPane().add(jLabel2);
        jLabel2.setBounds(30, 130, 70, 16);
        getContentPane().add(txtvidfile);
        txtvidfile.setBounds(130, 130, 130, 20);
        jLabel3.setText("VideoInfo");
        getContentPane().add(jLabel3);
        jLabel3.setBounds(30, 180, 80, 16);
        getContentPane().add(txtvidinfo);
        txtvidinfo.setBounds(130, 180, 130, 20);
        jLabel4.setText("TopImage");
        getContentPane().add(jLabel4);
        jLabel4.setBounds(30, 230, 70, 16);
        getContentPane().add(txtimgfile);
        txtimgfile.setBounds(130, 230, 130, 20);
        vidbrowse.setText("Browse");
        vidbrowse.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                vidbrowseActionPerformed(evt);
        getContentPane().add(vidbrowse);
        vidbrowse.setBounds(280, 130, 78, 26);
        imgbrowse.setText("Browse");
        imgbrowse.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                imgbrowseActionPerformed(evt);
        getContentPane().add(imgbrowse);
        imgbrowse.setBounds(280, 230, 78, 26);
        jLabel5.setText("ImageContent");
        getContentPane().add(jLabel5);
        jLabel5.setBounds(30, 280, 80, 16);
        getContentPane().add(txtimgcont);
        txtimgcont.setBounds(130, 280, 130, 20);
        insert.setText("Insert");
        insert.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                insertActionPerformed(evt);
        getContentPane().add(insert);
        insert.setBounds(150, 400, 81, 26);
        imgpane.setLayout(new java.awt.BorderLayout());
        getContentPane().add(imgpane);
        imgpane.setBounds(410, 120, 350, 260);
        jLabel6.setText("Video Type");
        getContentPane().add(jLabel6);
        jLabel6.setBounds(30, 340, 80, 16);
        getContentPane().add(VideoTypeComboBox);
        VideoTypeComboBox.setBounds(130, 340, 130, 25);
        pack();
        java.awt.Dimension screenSize = java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
        setSize(new java.awt.Dimension(800, 600));
        setLocation((screenSize.width-800)/2,(screenSize.height-600)/2);
    }//GEN-END:initComponents
    private void insertActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_insertActionPerformed
        BLOB blb= null;
        PreparedStatement stmt = null;
        OutputStream fout=null;
        File f=null;
        FileInputStream fin=null;
        int bufferSize;
        byte[] buffer=null;
        int bytesRead = -1;
        String sfile1 = txtvidfile.getText();
        String sfile2 = txtimgfile.getText();
        String format=null;
        String format1=null;
        String videoinfo=txtvidinfo.getText();
        String imgcontent=txtimgcont.getText();
        String videoType=(String)VideoTypeComboBox.getSelectedItem();
        if(sfile1.endsWith("avi")) {
            format="avi";
        }else if(sfile1.endsWith("mpg")) {
            format="mpg";
        }else {
            format="mpg";
        if(sfile2.endsWith("jpg")) {
            format1="jpg";
        }else if(sfile2.endsWith("gif")) {
            format1="gif";
        }else {
            format1="jpg";
        if((sfile1.length()>0) && (sfile2.length()>0)) {
            try {
                stmt=con.prepareStatement(" insert into browsevideo values (?,EMPTY_BLOB(),?,?,?)");
                stmt.setInt(1,count);
                stmt.setString(2,format);
                stmt.setString(3,videoinfo);
                 stmt.setString(4,videoType);
                stmt.executeUpdate();
                stmt.close();
                con.commit();
            }catch(Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            try {
                stmt = con.prepareStatement("Select video FROM browsevideo WHERE vid = ? for update of video");
                stmt.setInt(1,count);
                rs = (OracleResultSet)stmt.executeQuery();
                rs.next();
                blb = rs.getBLOB("video");
                fout = blb.getBinaryOutputStream();
                f = new File(sfile1);
                fin = new FileInputStream(f);
                bufferSize = blb.getBufferSize();
                buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
                while((bytesRead = fin.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                    fout.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
                fout.flush();
                fout.close();
                con.commit();
                rs.close();
                stmt.close();
            }catch(Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            try {
                stmt=con.prepareStatement(" insert into browseimage values (?,?,?,EMPTY_BLOB(),?,?,?)");
                stmt.setInt(1,count);
                stmt.setInt(2,count1);
                stmt.setInt(3,count1);
                stmt.setString(4,imgcontent);
                stmt.setString(5,format1);
                stmt.setString(6,videoType);
                stmt.executeUpdate();
                stmt.close();
                con.commit();
            }catch(Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            try {
                stmt = con.prepareStatement("Select image FROM browseimage WHERE imageno = ? for update of image");
                stmt.setInt(1,count1);
                rs = (OracleResultSet)stmt.executeQuery();
                if(rs.next()) {
                    blb = rs.getBLOB("image");
                    fout = blb.getBinaryOutputStream();
                    f = new File(sfile2);
                    fin = new FileInputStream(f);
                    bufferSize = blb.getBufferSize();
                    buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
                    while((bytesRead = fin.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                        fout.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
                    fout.flush();
                    fout.close();
                    con.commit();
                    rs.close();
                stmt.close();
                count++;
                count1++;
                txtimgfile.setText("");
                txtvidfile.setText("");
                txtimgcont.setText("");
                txtvidinfo.setText("");
                txtvid.setText(String.valueOf(count));
                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"Successfuly Completed");
            }catch(Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
    }//GEN-LAST:event_insertActionPerformed
    private void imgbrowseActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_imgbrowseActionPerformed
        ExampleFileFilter filter1 = new ExampleFileFilter();
        JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
        filter1.addExtension("jpg");
        filter1.addExtension("gif");
        filter1.setDescription("JPG,GIF Images");
        chooser.setFileFilter(filter1);
        int returnVal = chooser.showOpenDialog(this);
        if(returnVal == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {
            txtimgfile.setText(chooser.getSelectedFile().getAbsolutePath());
            try{
                    displaywindow.setImageURL(new java.net.URL("file:"+txtimgfile.getText()));
                    displaywindow.setStyle(ImageViewer.IMAGE_SCALED_TO_FIT);
                }catch(Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
    }//GEN-LAST:event_imgbrowseActionPerformed
    private void vidbrowseActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_vidbrowseActionPerformed
       ExampleFileFilter filter2 = new ExampleFileFilter();
       JFileChooser chooser = new JFileChooser();
       filter2.addExtension("avi");
        filter2.addExtension("mpg");
        filter2.setDescription("AVI & MPG Video");
        chooser.setFileFilter(filter2);
        int returnVal = chooser.showOpenDialog(this);
        if(returnVal == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {
            txtvidfile.setText(chooser.getSelectedFile().getAbsolutePath());
            VideoAudioPlayer vap=new VideoAudioPlayer(txtvidfile.getText());
    }//GEN-LAST:event_vidbrowseActionPerformed
    /** Exit the Application */
    private void exitForm(java.awt.event.WindowEvent evt) {//GEN-FIRST:event_exitForm
        setVisible(false);
        dispose();
    }//GEN-LAST:event_exitForm
     * @param args the command line arguments
    /*public static void main(String args[]) {
        new VideoInsert().show();
    // Variables declaration - do not modify//GEN-BEGIN:variables
    private javax.swing.JButton imgbrowse;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel4;
    private javax.swing.JTextField txtvid;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1;
    private javax.swing.JTextField txtimgcont;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel3;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel2;
    private javax.swing.JPanel imgpane;
    private javax.swing.JButton insert;
    private javax.swing.JComboBox VideoTypeComboBox;
    private javax.swing.JButton vidbrowse;
    private javax.swing.JTextField txtvidfile;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel6;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel5;
    private javax.swing.JTextField txtimgfile;
    private javax.swing.JTextField txtvidinfo;
    // End of variables declaration//GEN-END:variables
FrameAccess.java
import java.awt.*;
import javax.media.*;
import javax.media.control.TrackControl;
import javax.media.Format;
import javax.media.format.*;
import java.io.*;
import javax.imageio.*;
import javax.imageio.stream.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.media.util.*;
* Sample program to access individual video frames by using a
* "pass-thru" codec. The codec is inserted into the data flow
* path. As data pass through this codec, a callback is invoked
* for each frame of video data.
public class FrameAccess implements ControllerListener {
     Processor p;
     Object waitSync = new Object();
     boolean stateTransitionOK = true;
     public boolean alreadyPrnt = false;
     * Given a media locator, create a processor and use that processor
     * as a player to playback the media.
     * During the processor's Configured state, two "pass-thru" codecs,
     * PreAccessCodec and PostAccessCodec, are set on the video track.
     * These codecs are used to get access to individual video frames
     * of the media.
     * Much of the code is just standard code to present media in JMF.
     public boolean open(MediaLocator ml) {
          try {
               p = Manager.createProcessor(ml);
                            } catch (Exception e) {
               System.err.println(
                    "Failed to create a processor from the given url: " + e);
               return false;
          p.addControllerListener(this);
          // Put the Processor into configured state.
          p.configure();
          if (!waitForState(Processor.Configured)) {
               System.err.println("Failed to configure the processor.");
               return false;
          // So I can use it as a player.
          p.setContentDescriptor(null);
          // Obtain the track controls.
          TrackControl tc[] = p.getTrackControls();
          if (tc == null) {
               System.err.println(
                    "Failed to obtain track controls from the processor.");
               return false;
          // Search for the track control for the video track.
          TrackControl videoTrack = null;
          for (int i = 0; i < tc.length; i++) {
               if (tc.getFormat() instanceof VideoFormat) videoTrack = tc[i];
               else     tc[i].setEnabled(false);
          if (videoTrack == null) {
               System.err.println("The input media does not contain a video track.");
               return false;
          String videoFormat = videoTrack.getFormat().toString();
          Dimension videoSize = parseVideoSize(videoFormat);
          System.err.println("Video format: " + videoFormat);
          // Instantiate and set the frame access codec to the data flow path.
          try {
               Codec codec[] = { new PostAccessCodec(videoSize)};
               videoTrack.setCodecChain(codec);
          } catch (UnsupportedPlugInException e) {
               System.err.println("The process does not support effects.");
          // Realize the processor.
          p.prefetch();
          if (!waitForState(Processor.Prefetched)) {
               System.err.println("Failed to realise the processor.");
               return false;
          p.start();
          return true;
     /**parse the size of the video from the string videoformat*/
     public Dimension parseVideoSize(String videoSize){
          int x=300, y=200;
          StringTokenizer strtok = new StringTokenizer(videoSize, ", ");
          strtok.nextToken();
          String size = strtok.nextToken();
          StringTokenizer sizeStrtok = new StringTokenizer(size, "x");
          try{
               x = Integer.parseInt(sizeStrtok.nextToken());
               y = Integer.parseInt(sizeStrtok.nextToken());
          } catch (NumberFormatException e){
               System.out.println("unable to find video size, assuming default of 300x200");
          System.out.println("Image width = " + String.valueOf(x) +"\nImage height = "+ String.valueOf(y));
          return new Dimension(x, y);
     * Block until the processor has transitioned to the given state.
     * Return false if the transition failed.
     boolean waitForState(int state) {
          synchronized (waitSync) {
               try {
                    while (p.getState() != state && stateTransitionOK)
                         waitSync.wait();
               } catch (Exception e) {
          return stateTransitionOK;
     * Controller Listener.
     public void controllerUpdate(ControllerEvent evt) {
          if (evt instanceof ConfigureCompleteEvent
               || evt instanceof RealizeCompleteEvent
               || evt instanceof PrefetchCompleteEvent) {
               synchronized (waitSync) {
                    stateTransitionOK = true;
                    waitSync.notifyAll();
          } else if (evt instanceof ResourceUnavailableEvent) {
               synchronized (waitSync) {
                    stateTransitionOK = false;
                    waitSync.notifyAll();
          } else if (evt instanceof EndOfMediaEvent) {
               p.close();
               System.exit(0);
     * Main program
     public static void main(String[] args) {
//          if (args.length == 0) {
//               prUsage();
//               System.exit(0);
// System.out.print("masoud");
String url = new String("file:F:\\AVSEQ01.mpg");
          if (url.indexOf(":") < 0) {
               prUsage();
               System.exit(0);
          MediaLocator ml;
          if ((ml = new MediaLocator(url)) == null) {
               System.err.println("Cannot build media locator from: " + url);
               System.exit(0);
          FrameAccess fa = new FrameAccess();
          if (!fa.open(ml))
               System.exit(0);
     static void prUsage() {
          System.err.println("Usage: java FrameAccess <url>");
     * Inner class.
     * A pass-through codec to access to individual frames.
     public class PreAccessCodec implements Codec {
          * Callback to access individual video frames.
          void accessFrame(Buffer frame) {
               // For demo, we'll just print out the frame #, time &
               // data length.
               long t = (long) (frame.getTimeStamp() / 10000000f);
               System.err.println(
                    "Pre: frame #: "
                         + frame.getSequenceNumber()
                         + ", time: "
                         + ((float) t) / 100f
                         + ", len: "
                         + frame.getLength());
          * The code for a pass through codec.
          // We'll advertize as supporting all video formats.
          protected Format supportedIns[] = new Format[] { new VideoFormat(null)};
          // We'll advertize as supporting all video formats.
          protected Format supportedOuts[] = new Format[] { new VideoFormat(null)};
          Format input = null, output = null;
          public String getName() {
               return "Pre-Access Codec";
          //these dont do anything
          public void open() {}
          public void close() {}
          public void reset() {}
          public Format[] getSupportedInputFormats() {
               return supportedIns;
          public Format[] getSupportedOutputFormats(Format in) {
               if (in == null)
                    return supportedOuts;
               else {
                    // If an input format is given, we use that input format
                    // as the output since we are not modifying the bit stream
                    // at all.
                    Format outs[] = new Format[1];
                    outs[0] = in;
                    return outs;
          public Format setInputFormat(Format format) {
               input = format;
               return input;
          public Format setOutputFormat(Format format) {
               output = format;
               return output;
          public int process(Buffer in, Buffer out) {
               // This is the "Callback" to access individual frames.
               accessFrame(in);
               // Swap the data between the input & output.
               Object data = in.getData();
               in.setData(out.getData());
               out.setData(data);
               // Copy the input attributes to the output
               out.setFlags(Buffer.FLAG_NO_SYNC);
               out.setFormat(in.getFormat());
               out.setLength(in.getLength());
               out.setOffset(in.getOffset());
               return BUFFER_PROCESSED_OK;
          public Object[] getControls() {
               return new Object[0];
          public Object getControl(String type) {
               return null;
     public class PostAccessCodec extends PreAccessCodec {
          // We'll advertize as supporting all video formats.
          public PostAccessCodec(Dimension size) {
               supportedIns = new Format[] { new RGBFormat()};
               this.size = size;
          * Callback to access individual video frames.
          void accessFrame(Buffer frame) {
               // For demo, we'll just print out the frame #, time &
               // data length.
               if (!alreadyPrnt) {
                    BufferToImage stopBuffer = new BufferToImage((VideoFormat) frame.getFormat());
                    Image stopImage = stopBuffer.createImage(frame);
                    try {
                         BufferedImage outImage = new BufferedImage(size.width, size.height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
                         Graphics og = outImage.getGraphics();
                         og.drawImage(stopImage, 0, 0, size.width, size.height, null);
                         //prepareImage(outImage,rheight,rheight, null);
                         Iterator writers = ImageIO.getImageWritersByFormatName("jpg");
                         ImageWriter writer = (ImageWriter) writers.next();
                         //Once an ImageWriter has been obtained, its destination must be set to an ImageOutputStream:
                         File f = new File(frame.getSequenceNumber() + ".jpg");
                         ImageOutputStream ios = ImageIO.createImageOutputStream(f);
                         writer.setOutput(ios);
                         //Finally, the image may be written to the output stream:
                         //BufferedImage bi;
                         //writer.write(imagebi);
                         writer.write(outImage);
                         ios.close();
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                         System.out.println("Error :" + e);
               //alreadyPrnt = true;
               long t = (long) (frame.getTimeStamp() / 10000000f);
               System.err.println(
                    "Post: frame #: "
                         + frame.getSequenceNumber()
                         + ", time: "
                         + ((float) t) / 100f
                         + ", len: "
                         + frame.getLength());
          public String getName() {
               return "Post-Access Codec";
          private Dimension size;

check out the java.lang.Runtime and java.lang.Process classes

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pls help me to find out solution
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The reason of validation failture is a difference between arguments passed to a digest method when document is being signed and validated. When the document is being signed a log looks like this:
FINER: Pre-digested input:
2007-08-21 15:38:44 org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.DigesterOutputStream write
FINER: <SignedProperties xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" Id="SignP"></SignedProperties>
2007-08-21 15:38:44 org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.DOMReference digest
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2007-08-21 15:38:44 org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.DOMReference digest
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FINER: Pre-digested input:
2007-08-21 15:38:44 org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.DigesterOutputStream write
FINER: <SignedProperties xmlns="http://uri.etsi.org/01903/v1.3.2#" xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" Id="SignP"></SignedProperties>
2007-08-21 15:38:44 org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.DOMReference validate
FINE: Expected digest: MAQ/vctdkyVHVzoQWnOnQdeBw8g=
2007-08-21 15:38:44 org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.DOMReference validate
FINE: Actual digest: D7WajkF0U5t1GnVJqj9g1IntLQg=
2007-08-21 15:38:44 org.jcp.xml.dsig.internal.dom.DOMXMLSignature validate
FINE: Reference[#SignP] is valid: falseHow can I fix this?
Signer class:
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.crypto.dom.DOMStructure;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.CanonicalizationMethod;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.DigestMethod;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.Reference;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.SignatureMethod;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.SignedInfo;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.Transform;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.XMLObject;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.XMLSignature;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.XMLSignatureFactory;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.dom.DOMSignContext;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.dom.DOMValidateContext;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.KeyInfo;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.KeyInfoFactory;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.KeyValue;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.spec.C14NMethodParameterSpec;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.spec.TransformParameterSpec;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.utils.IdResolver;
public class SignatureTest1 {
     public static String xadesNS=null;//"http://uri.etsi.org/01903/v1.3.2#";
     public static String signatureID="Sig1";
     public static String signedPropID="SignP";
     public static void main(String[] arg) {
        try{
          XMLSignatureFactory fac = XMLSignatureFactory.getInstance("DOM");
          List<Reference> refs = new ArrayList<Reference>();
          Reference ref1 = fac.newReference
              ("", fac.newDigestMethod(DigestMethod.SHA1, null),
                  Collections.singletonList
                (fac.newTransform
               (Transform.ENVELOPED, (TransformParameterSpec) null)),
               null, null);
          refs.add(ref1);
          Reference ref2 = fac.newReference("#"+signedPropID,fac.newDigestMethod(DigestMethod.SHA1,null),null,"http://uri.etsi.org/01903/v1.3.2#SignedProperties",null);
          refs.add(ref2);
          SignedInfo si = fac.newSignedInfo
              (fac.newCanonicalizationMethod
               (CanonicalizationMethod.INCLUSIVE_WITH_COMMENTS,
                (C14NMethodParameterSpec) null),
               fac.newSignatureMethod(SignatureMethod.DSA_SHA1, null),
               refs);
         KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("DSA");
          kpg.initialize(512);
          KeyPair kp = kpg.generateKeyPair();
          KeyInfoFactory kif = fac.getKeyInfoFactory();
          KeyValue kv = kif.newKeyValue(kp.getPublic());
         KeyInfo ki = kif.newKeyInfo(Collections.singletonList(kv));
          DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
          dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
          Document doc =
              dbf.newDocumentBuilder().parse("purchaseOrder.xml");
          DOMSignContext dsc = new DOMSignContext
              (kp.getPrivate(), doc.getDocumentElement());
          dsc.putNamespacePrefix(XMLSignature.XMLNS, "ds");
          Element QPElement = createElement(doc, "QualifyingProperties",null,xadesNS);
        QPElement.setAttributeNS(null, "Target", signatureID);
        Element SPElement = createElement(doc, "SignedProperties", null,xadesNS);
        SPElement.setAttributeNS(null, "Id", signedPropID);
        IdResolver.registerElementById(SPElement, signedPropID);
        QPElement.appendChild(SPElement);
        Element UPElement = createElement(doc, "UnsignedProperties", null,xadesNS);
        QPElement.appendChild(UPElement);
        DOMStructure qualifPropStruct = new DOMStructure(QPElement);
        List<DOMStructure> xmlObj = new ArrayList<DOMStructure>();
        xmlObj.add(qualifPropStruct);
        XMLObject object = fac.newXMLObject(xmlObj,"QualifyingInfos",null,null);
        List objects = Collections.singletonList(object);
        XMLSignature signature = fac.newXMLSignature(si, ki,objects,signatureID,null);
          signature.sign(dsc);
          OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("signedPurchaseOrder.xml");
          TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
          Transformer trans = tf.newTransformer();
          trans.transform(new DOMSource(doc), new StreamResult(os));
        }catch(Exception e){
             e.printStackTrace();
        try{
        Validator.main(null);
        }catch(Exception e){
             System.out.println("Validator exception");
             e.printStackTrace();
     public static Element createElement(Document doc, String tag,String prefix, String nsURI) {
          String qName = prefix == null ? tag : prefix + ":" + tag;
         return doc.createElementNS(nsURI, qName);
}Validator class:
import javax.xml.crypto.*;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.*;
import javax.xml.crypto.dom.*;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.dom.DOMValidateContext;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.*;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.security.*;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
* This is a simple example of validating an XML
* Signature using the JSR 105 API. It assumes the key needed to
* validate the signature is contained in a KeyValue KeyInfo.
public class Validator {
    // Synopsis: java Validate [document]
    //       where "document" is the name of a file containing the XML document
    //       to be validated.
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
     // Instantiate the document to be validated
     DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
     dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
     Document doc =
            dbf.newDocumentBuilder().parse(new FileInputStream("signedPurchaseOrder.xml"));
     // Find Signature element
     NodeList nl =
         doc.getElementsByTagNameNS(XMLSignature.XMLNS, "Signature");
     if (nl.getLength() == 0) {
         throw new Exception("Cannot find Signature element");
     // Create a DOM XMLSignatureFactory that will be used to unmarshal the
     // document containing the XMLSignature
     XMLSignatureFactory fac = XMLSignatureFactory.getInstance("DOM");
     // Create a DOMValidateContext and specify a KeyValue KeySelector
        // and document context
     DOMValidateContext valContext = new DOMValidateContext
         (new KeyValueKeySelector(), nl.item(0));
     // unmarshal the XMLSignature
     XMLSignature signature = fac.unmarshalXMLSignature(valContext);
     // Validate the XMLSignature (generated above)
     boolean coreValidity = signature.validate(valContext);
     // Check core validation status
     if (coreValidity == false) {
             System.err.println("Signature failed core validation");
         boolean sv = signature.getSignatureValue().validate(valContext);
         System.out.println("signature validation status: " + sv);
         // check the validation status of each Reference
         Iterator i = signature.getSignedInfo().getReferences().iterator();
         for (int j=0; i.hasNext(); j++) {
          boolean refValid =
              ((Reference) i.next()).validate(valContext);
          System.out.println("ref["+j+"] validity status: " + refValid);
     } else {
             System.out.println("Signature passed core validation");
     * KeySelector which retrieves the public key out of the
     * KeyValue element and returns it.
     * NOTE: If the key algorithm doesn't match signature algorithm,
     * then the public key will be ignored.
    private static class KeyValueKeySelector extends KeySelector {
     public KeySelectorResult select(KeyInfo keyInfo,
                                        KeySelector.Purpose purpose,
                                        AlgorithmMethod method,
                                        XMLCryptoContext context)
            throws KeySelectorException {
            if (keyInfo == null) {
          throw new KeySelectorException("Null KeyInfo object!");
            SignatureMethod sm = (SignatureMethod) method;
            List list = keyInfo.getContent();
            for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
          XMLStructure xmlStructure = (XMLStructure) list.get(i);
                 if (xmlStructure instanceof KeyValue) {
                    PublicKey pk = null;
                    try {
                        pk = ((KeyValue)xmlStructure).getPublicKey();
                    } catch (KeyException ke) {
                        throw new KeySelectorException(ke);
                    // make sure algorithm is compatible with method
                    if (algEquals(sm.getAlgorithm(), pk.getAlgorithm())) {
                        return new SimpleKeySelectorResult(pk);
            throw new KeySelectorException("No KeyValue element found!");
        //@@@FIXME: this should also work for key types other than DSA/RSA
     static boolean algEquals(String algURI, String algName) {
            if (algName.equalsIgnoreCase("DSA") &&
          algURI.equalsIgnoreCase(SignatureMethod.DSA_SHA1)) {
          return true;
            } else if (algName.equalsIgnoreCase("RSA") &&
                       algURI.equalsIgnoreCase(SignatureMethod.RSA_SHA1)) {
          return true;
            } else {
          return false;
    private static class SimpleKeySelectorResult implements KeySelectorResult {
     private PublicKey pk;
     SimpleKeySelectorResult(PublicKey pk) {
         this.pk = pk;
     public Key getKey() { return pk; }
}PurchaseOrder.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<PurchaseOrder>
<Item number="130046593231">
<Description>Video Game</Description>
<Price>10.29</Price>
</Item>
<Buyer id="8492340">
<Name>My Name</Name>
<Address>
   <Street>One Network Drive</Street>
   <Town>Burlington</Town>
   <State>MA</State>
   <Country>United States</Country>
   <PostalCode>01803</PostalCode>
</Address>
</Buyer>
</PurchaseOrder>signedPurchaseOrder.xml with XAdES namespace:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><PurchaseOrder>
<Item number="130046593231">
<Description>Video Game</Description>
<Price>10.29</Price>
</Item>
<Buyer id="8492340">
<Name>My Name</Name>
<Address>
   <Street>One Network Drive</Street>
   <Town>Burlington</Town>
   <State>MA</State>
   <Country>United States</Country>
   <PostalCode>01803</PostalCode>
</Address>
</Buyer>
<ds:Signature xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" Id="Sig1"><ds:SignedInfo><ds:CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315#WithComments"/><ds:SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#dsa-sha1"/><ds:Reference URI=""><ds:Transforms><ds:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/></ds:Transforms><ds:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><ds:DigestValue>tVicGh6V+8cHbVYFIU91o5+L3OQ=</ds:DigestValue></ds:Reference><ds:Reference Type="http://uri.etsi.org/01903/v1.3.2#SignedProperties" URI="#SignP"><ds:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><ds:DigestValue>MAQ/vctdkyVHVzoQWnOnQdeBw8g=</ds:DigestValue></ds:Reference></ds:SignedInfo><ds:SignatureValue>lSgzfZCRIlgrgr6YpNOdB3XWdF9P9TEiXfkNoqUpAru/I7IiyiFWJg==</ds:SignatureValue><ds:KeyInfo><ds:KeyValue><ds:DSAKeyValue><ds:P>/KaCzo4Syrom78z3EQ5SbbB4sF7ey80etKII864WF64B81uRpH5t9jQTxeEu0ImbzRMqzVDZkVG9
xD7nN1kuFw==</ds:P><ds:Q>li7dzDacuo67Jg7mtqEm2TRuOMU=</ds:Q><ds:G>Z4Rxsnqc9E7pGknFFH2xqaryRPBaQ01khpMdLRQnG541Awtx/XPaF5Bpsy4pNWMOHCBiNU0Nogps
QW5QvnlMpA==</ds:G><ds:Y>p48gU203NGPcs9UxEQQQzQ19KBtDRGfEs3BDt0cbCRJHMh3EoySpeqOnuTeKLXuFr96nzAPq4BEU
dNAc7XpDvQ==</ds:Y></ds:DSAKeyValue></ds:KeyValue></ds:KeyInfo><ds:Object Id="QualifyingInfos"><QualifyingProperties Target="Sig1" xmlns="http://uri.etsi.org/01903/v1.3.2#"><SignedProperties Id="SignP"/><UnsignedProperties/></QualifyingProperties></ds:Object></ds:Signature></PurchaseOrder>

I believe the problem is that you are not explicitly adding the xades namespace
attribute to the SignedProperties element before generating the signature. Thus,
the namespace attribute is not visible when canonicalizing, but when you serialize the
DOM tree to an output stream, (for reasons I'm not entirely sure why), the namespace
attribute is visible and is added to the SignedProperties element, which breaks the
signature.
You must always explicitly add namespace attributes using the Element.setAttributeNS
method. Try changing the following code from:
Element SPElement = createElement(doc, "SignedProperties", null,xadesNS);
to:
Element SPElement = createElement(doc, "SignedProperties", null,xadesNS);
SPElement.setAttributeNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/", "xmlns", xadesNS);

How to implement effects in java sound

I have read the programmer's guide in java sound and it said there that it can generate effects such as distortion, delay and others. I would like to implement some of those, I can already capture and play sound from a microphone but I don't know how to manipulate the data to get my desired effect. Can someone explain the content of the array of bytes? I also hope you can give me some hints or anything that could help me implement my own effect. Thanks in advance!

going_infinity wrote:
The contents of the double array do not exceed the range. They are mostly of -0.07 o 0.07.
I forgot to post this code, this is how byte was transformed to a double array. I am just extending an existing codeAh, yes...that makes a lot more sense. I assumed you were reading from the line as double, and that wouldn't work. But you're already converting it, which is why everything stays in the range you'd expect.
"Weirdness" solved.
If I use the double array or the byte array, how can I implement some effects like echo or reverb? I understand that since the "raw data" provides amplitude, I can get it's frequency and there is some FFT involved. All I can see here is determining the pitch of the sound but still, no effects. I'm still confused on where to start. Well, it depends on the effect. I'm not an effects expert, so you'll probably want to go do some Google-ing for what all of the affects are...but I think I can explain an echo.
Echo is a function of a variable, decay, which is how quickly an echo will fade away. From a physics perspective, think of decay as friction, it'll eventually stop a moving object.
So, you might implement an echo kinda like the following
for (int i = 0; i < buffer.length; i++) {
     double threshhold = 0.01;
     double decay = 0.5;
     double echo = sample;
     int j = i+1;
     while((Math.abs(echo) > threshhold) && (j < buffer.length)) {
          buffer[j++] += echo;
          echo *= decay;
Where some decreasing-fraction of a sample is added to all samples in the future until it drops below some threshhold.
That may or may not be an "echo" effect, necessarily, as I think that a "true" echo also has a peroid (the delay between the sound and its echo) that I'm not taking into effect, so that effect is probably more like overdrive...but it illistrates the point. You'll have to figure out what each effect "adds" or "subtracts" from the sound, and then loop-through the sound data sequentially adding the effects of the effect.

How to implement Warnings in Java

Hi,
We have an application in JDK 1.3.1 which implements business rules using the Rule Factory pattern. The methods inside the Rule classes throw business exceptions which are returned to the client.
However, in addition to the business exceptions, we have to cater to warnings generated by these rules. Is there any typical pattern followed in Java which would generate these warnings without wrapping them in exception classes.
Any help in this regard wud be welcome.
Rgds,
Tushar

erm .. WHAT!?
catch(Exception - etc {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(...
Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
String str = "You naughty boy ... ???

How to implement Enum (like in c)

Hi !
I want to modify some values using enum, like in c.
How can I do it ?
Example: authorization = enam {trainee, trainer, supervisor}
10x

Actually I just tracked down that article a few
minutes ago:
http://developer.java.sun.com/developer/Books/shiftinto
ava/page1.htmlGood article, expecially as it covers the "readResolve()" topic.
Martin

Implementing probabilities in Java

Hi everyone,
I'm trying to implement some Genetic Algorithm stuff, and got stuck on this probability part. Basicially, part of the algorithm is like below.
choose the best individual from pool/tournament with probability p
choose the second best individual with probability p*(1-p)
choose the third best individual with probability p*((1-p)^2)
and so on...
Anyone knows how to implement this p efficiently in Java? Many thanks.

Well, sure, I know how to implement that. I guess I do, you don't have that many details but I have the general idea. But when you say "efficiently" that makes me confused because I don't know what you have in mind. So, no, sorry, I don't.

Implementing export/import java utility

Hi all,
I am not sure I hit the correct forum but I'll give it a try.
I need to write java utility that access table in one db, select some rows and copy them to a similar table in secon db - as either new rows or update to existing rows (if such rows exist).
I thought I might use the OracleCachedRowSet to get data from one DB and to write data from another.
Basically the code looks like....:
Connection connSrc = null;
ResultSet rsSrc;
OracleCachedRowSet crs;
try
Class.forName("jdbc:oracle:thin:@myHOST:1521:DBNAME");
connSrc = DriverManager.getConnection(srcDriver, USER, PWD);
stmtSrc = connSrc.createStatement();
rsSrc = stmtSrc.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM MYTBL");
crs = new OracleCachedRowSet();
crs.populate(rsSrc);
crs.setUrl("jdbc:oracle:thin:@myHOST2:1523:DBNAME2");
crs.setUsername("USER2");
crs.setPassword("PWD2");
crs.setCommand("SELECT * FROM " + RULETBL);
crs.acceptChanges();
The second table was empty but it did not get populated with the rows from first DB,
I thought this might have to do with the SyncProvider issue that needs to implement the GRADE_NONE but I don't know if this is indeed the problem and where to get such sync provider implementation.
I'll be glad to get any assistance.
Regards,
Avi

Hi ,
Many thanks for helping here.
I thought I'd get suggestions like that...:-) It is dectated that I'll do this task using Java code. I can't even use system call to EXP/IMP utilities as anyhow I need to analyze all rows that matches the result of the SELECT command in order to access some specific information on specific column. Although I do know some column names (for that specific need) - I don't want to keep the knowledge of the row columns - as the table shema might be altered localy by our customers (usually additional columns) or from version to version of the software that usually deals with it.
As conclusion of the above I need to use JDBC or something similar (Hibernate, JDO etc.).
Regards,
Avi

Custom Policy implementation when using Java Web Start.

Hi,
I hope it's okay for me to make a 'look here' type of post.
I'm having some trouble related to JAAS and Java Web Start and have made a post about it in the Web Start forums. I haven't had much luck in the Web Start forums and I don't want to make a duplicate post here, so here's a link:
http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=756178
If anyone has any suggestions please reply in the Web Start thread.
Ryan

If you implement your own classloader, and then still run with a SecurityManager installed, then your ClossLoader is responsible for asigning the permissions to the code it loads.
You need your ClassLoader to extend SecureClassLoader, and implement the method :
SecureClassLoader.getPermissions(CodeSource cs) to return the PermissionCollection you want.
/Andy

Enum - core java II example

hi
the following code is an example taken from 'core java II'-book.
what i don't understand is where the enum constructor is called
to set the abbreviation field
anyone care to explain ?
thanks
import java.util.*;
public class EnumTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("Enter a size: (SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE, EXTRA_LARGE) ");
        String input = in.next().toUpperCase();
        Size size = Enum.valueOf(Size.class, input);
        System.out.println("size=" + size);
        System.out.println("abbreviation=" + size.getAbbreviation());
        if (size == Size.EXTRA_LARGE) {
            System.out.println("Good job--you paid attention to the _.");
enum Size {
    SMALL("S"), MEDIUM("M"), LARGE("L"), EXTRA_LARGE("XL");
    private Size(String abbreviation) {
        this.abbreviation = abbreviation;
    public String getAbbreviation() {
        return abbreviation;
    private String abbreviation;
}

so from what i get here is that
SMALL("S"),MEDIUM("M"),LARGE("L"); are the constructors from where abbreviations are taken.
I want to clear one more doubt.
private Size(String abbreviation) {
        this.abbreviation = abbreviation;1. This is also a constructor right ? If yes then, what was the need that the author made this constructor private ?
2. Why public modifier is not allowed there ?
3. Size s = Enum.valueOf(Size.class,input);Over here what is the role of argument Size.class ?
4. enum size
Size s = Enum.valueOf(Size.class,input);In the first code enum's e is small but in the second code Enum's E is capital. How so ?
Edited by: levislover on Jun 16, 2010 11:29 PM

How to implement login by java integrate with AD LDS?

Hi admin:
    Now we have a web project and the customer have an LDAP includes the all system login account. we need to integrate with the LDAP to implement the account login.
    First I flow the general implement method, enter the username and password on the login page, summit to one backend controller by post, according to the username to search out the result record, but the userPassword property can not be
returned, I searched and found some message on microsoft forum, the userPassword can not be searched.
    Please give me some suggestion that according to the requirement how to implement the account logio .
thanks.

I am not a developer but might this helps you - http://www.java-forums.org/advanced-java/28975-ldap-bind-mechanism-java.html.
You do not have to search for the password, because you already used it for the bind, if I understood your post correctly. Plus you have it already from your webform. And last but not least if any directory server or application would give you the passwords
that way it would be a bad security practice.
hth,
Lutz

Enum in java 5 to be replaced in java2

Hi,
Could anyone suggest for the following problem
Now in a lot of programs, enum keyword is used which use java5 and this keyword is to be replaced by some codes which would run with java2 .
Could anyone please say a generic way by which i will not need to change in each file and solve the purpose which can be run by java2 too.

: /\ P:^P would look better. ;)
0 0
>
U

New implementations using core java in a project in RMI

hi, M a final year engineering student in Comp science.i wantu do a project of nearly 400hrs,can any one pls tel me the new things tat i can implement in RMI in LAN environment..most of the things i ve thought of ,were found to be pretty old.pls give ur suggestions.its as bit urgent.
Thankyou,

hi, M a final year engineering student in Comp science.i wantu do a project of nearly 400hrs,
can any one pls tel me the new things tat i can implement in RMI in LAN environment..
most of the things i ve thought of ,were found to be pretty old.
pls give ur suggestions.its as bit urgent.
Thankyou,http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html#writewell
How To Ask Questions The Smart Way
Eric Steven Raymond
Rick Moen
Write in clear, grammatical, correctly-spelled language
We've found by experience that people who are careless and sloppy writers are usually also careless and sloppy at thinking and coding (often enough to bet on, anyway). Answering questions for careless and sloppy thinkers is not rewarding; we'd rather spend our time elsewhere.
So expressing your question clearly and well is important. If you can't be bothered to do that, we can't be bothered to pay attention. Spend the extra effort to polish your language. It doesn't have to be stiff or formal - in fact, hacker culture values informal, slangy and humorous language used with precision. But it has to be precise; there has to be some indication that you're thinking and paying attention.
Spell, punctuate, and capitalize correctly. Don't confuse "its" with "it's", "loose" with "lose", or "discrete" with "discreet". Don't TYPE IN ALL CAPS; this is read as shouting and considered rude. (All-smalls is only slightly less annoying, as it's difficult to read. Alan Cox can get away with it, but you can't.)
More generally, if you write like a semi-literate b o o b you will very likely be ignored. So don't use instant-messaging shortcuts. Spelling "you" as "u" makes you look like a semi-literate b o o b to save two entire keystrokes.

Implement enum in java

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