Interface and Class
Hi pls any one can help me ?. In most of all the places we are declaring the constance in class files as
class A{
public static final String str_Constant;
After that we will refer this like "A.str_Constant"
Why we cant define it in interface like
interface A{
String str_Constant;
and refer like A.str_Constant
Thanks in advance
Not static either:The "static final" modifier is implied, since it doesn't make sense to have non-static, non-final variables in an interface. The way to go is to do this:
public interface Constants {
public static final int SOME_CONSTANT = 0;
}This works if you have package-spanning consants (such as SwingConstants), but if you have class-specific constants you should gather them inside the class:
public class Stylesheet {
public static final int BACKGROUND = 0;
public void set(int arg, Object value) { ... }
myStylesheet.set(Stylesheet.BACKGROUND, Color.white);But this doesn't look very good (see enum's in 1.5), so it's probably better do solve it in some other way (depends on the project).
Regards,
Nille
Similar Messages
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[svn] 4081: Remove @private from an interface and class
Revision: 4081
Author: [email protected]
Date: 2008-11-12 06:50:02 -0800 (Wed, 12 Nov 2008)
Log Message:
Remove @private from an interface and class
QE Notes: None
Doc Notes: None
Bugs:
Modified Paths:
flex/sdk/trunk/frameworks/projects/framework/src/mx/controls/listClasses/ListBaseContentH older.as
flex/sdk/trunk/frameworks/projects/rpc/src/mx/messaging/messages/ISmallMessage.asSystem.arraycopy()
You're almost certainly better off with a List implementation, though. Whether you use LinkedList or ArrayList should depend on your usage specifics, but from the limited information provided it seems that LinkedList would be a better choice. -
Separate interfaces and classes in separate packages?
I am writing an application in the package 'models.geometry'. I am beginning to get a growing number of interfaces with corresponding implementation classes. I therefore consider adding another packages an move all the interfaces to this package and keep the implementation in the original package:
'models.igeometry' // for the interfaces
'models.geometry' // for the implementation
But is this interface/class - package separation good practice?First of: Usage of the prefix "I" to identify interfaces is rather rare in the Java world (it's not unheard of, but definitely not the norm). And I've never seen "i<package>" to identify a package containing interfaces, so I wouldn't suggest it.
The question is: What does the code which uses your packages access? Does it only need the interfaces and a factory? In this case, I'd separate the packages into "models.geometry" and "models.geometry.impl".
If the classes are first-level API, just as the interfaces (think Link/ArrayList, Map/HashMap), then I'd keep them in the same package or separate them on some other property. -
About interface and class[Please read this]
I writing what I found out:
myinterface.java
interface myinterface
class A
A()
{System.out.println("A()
of interface");}
A.java
class A implements
myinterface
A(){System.out.println("A()
of A.java");}
public static void main
(String args[])
A a=new A();
//this calls A() of interface
//myinterface.java
//how come the output of
// this code is like thishow come this is possible?Well, it had to pick one or the other, since they
have the same symbol name. Why are you choosing to
make up goofy names that collide in the first place?
If you want to explicitly use one or the other, you
need to also choose a package name, and fully-qualify
the class name that you are trying to instantiate.For example:
package test;
interface MyInterface // renamed to follow standard naming convention
class A
A() { System.out.println("A() of interface"); }
class A implements MyInterface
A() {System.out.println("A() of A.java"); }
public static void main(String args[])
test.A a = new test.A(); // prints A() of A.java
MyInterface.A a1 = new MyInterface.A(); // prints the other one
} -
I want to implement an interface (to set common methods), but I want a method to be a class method of the concrete subclasses. Is there any way to do this? I cannot declare methods static in an interface. If I declare the method static in the concrete subclass this generates a compiler error.
No I tried that! You cannot declare a class abstract and then declare the method abstract and static!
I can create a method in the abstract class that is static and this can then be overwritten in the subclass, but there is no guarantee that the subclass implementer overwrites this method.
Perhaps a redesign is in order. I don't think what I am trying to do is so obscure an interface means that you can be sure that the method is implemented, but this method is crying out to be a static method! -
Interface and Abstract class difference
An interface can be used in such a way that we don't know the class of object assigned to a reference of that interface type until runtime. Can we use the abstract class in a similar way too?
The difference between an abstract class and interface can be listed as
1. Interface can not have implementation of any method
2. The usage of interface and class is one other difference
3. What other differences we have?Yes an abstract class can be used in a similar way. The main issue with an abstract class is that you extend it and you can only extend one class so that can be a huge limitation that an interface does not give you.
Here's another one that is often overlooked: use both.
public abstract class SomeBaseClass implements Runnable {
public abstract void someAbstractMethod();
public void someMethodWithADefaultImplementation(){
System.out.println("Hello!");
}Any class that extends SomeBaseClass (and is not abstract) will need to implement the run() method of the Runnable interface. -
Whats the difference between an INTERFACE and a CLASS?
Whats the difference between an INTERFACE and a CLASS?
Please help.
Thanx.http://search.java.sun.com/search/java/index.jsp?col=javaforums&qp=%2Bforum%3A31&qt=Difference+between+interface+and+class
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Use of events and interface in class
Dear All,
Could you please explain why we use events and interface in class.
Also please tell me the use of TRY and ENDTRY.
Regards,
AmarEvents may be a way of communication b/w classes. Imagine you want to call certain code from one class, you would need for that public method, but you don't want to expose it to external user. So you may use events for that. Also events are used to notify that certain state of class has changed (tiggering event). Then all handlers of this event executes and react accordingly.
Interfaces are a way of provide a service to class which implements it. Imagine that you have class office and hotel and gas station . They don't seems to have something in common. However, there can be some external energy provider which will be an interface. Each class which want to have a lease with this energy provided can implement it (the implementation can differ in some way), so he can provided energy to different classes. This way you will achieve polimorphism (meaning you call one interface method, but code behind it differs from class to class).
Interfaces are also means of multiple inheritance. One class can implement several service (interfaces). In contrary it can oly inherit from one class.
Try endtry are just new way of handling exceptions .
Try to search a litte bit you will find lots of info on the above.
Regards
Marcin -
Difference between interface pool and class pool
Hi,
Can any body tell me the difference between Interface pool and Class pool.
thank you in advance.
regardsHi,
Class and Interface Pools
This section discusses the structure and special features of class and interface pools for global classes.
Global Classes and Interfaces
Classes and interfaces are object types. You can define them either globally in the Repository or locally in an ABAP program. If you define classes and interfaces globally, special ABAP programs called class pools or interface pools of type K or J serve as containers for the respective classes and interfaces. Each class or interface pool contains the definition of a single class or interface. The programs are automatically generated by the Class Builder when you create a class or interface.
A class pool is comparable to a module pool or function group. It contains both declarative and executable ABAP statements, but cannot be started on its own. The runtime system can create runtime instances (objects) through a request using the CREATE OBJECT statement. These objects execute the statements of the class pool.
Interface pools do not contain any executable statements. Instead, they are used as containers for interface definitions. When you implement an interface in a class, the interface definition is implicitly included in the class definition.
Structure of a Class Pool
Class pools are structured as follows:
Class pools contain a definition part for type declarations, and the declaration and implementation parts of the class.
Differences From Other ABAP Programs
Class pools are different from other ABAP programs for the following reasons:
· ABAP programs such as executable programs, module pools, or function modules, usually have a declaration part in which the global data for the program is defined. This data is visible in all of the processing blocks in the program. Class pools, on the other hand, have a definition part in which you can define data and object types, but no data objects or field symbols. The types that you define in a class pool are only visible in the implementation part of the global class.
· The only processing blocks that you can use are the declaration part and implementation part of the global class. The implementation part may only implement the methods declared in the global class. You cannot use any of the other ABAP processing blocks (dialog modules, event blocks, subroutines, function modules).
· The processing blocks of class pools are not controlled by the ABAP runtime environment. No events occur, and you cannot call any dialog modules or procedures. Class pools serve exclusively for class programming. You can only access the data and functions of a class using its interface.
· Since events and dialog modules are not permitted in classes, you cannot process screens in classes. You cannot program lists and selection screens in classes, since they cannot react to the appropriate events. It is intended to make screens available in classes. Instead of dialog modules, it will be possible to call methods of the class from the screen flow logic.
Local Classes in Class Pools
The classes and interfaces that you define in the definition part of a class pool are not visible externally. Within the class pool, they have a similar function to local classes and interfaces in other ABAP programs. Local classes can only be instantiated in the methods of the global class. Since subroutines are not allowed in class pools, local classes are the only possible modularization unit in global classes. Local classes have roughly the same function for global classes as subroutines in function groups, but with the significant exception that they are not visible externally
Reward points if useful....
Regards
AK -
Track public classes, interfaces and methods by ID
Hi All,
I'm wondering whether there is a tool to assign a unique ID to classes, interfaces and methods (eg. within Javadoc) and track these IDs.
The reason I'd need such a feature is that I'd like to do requirements tracking in an easy but complete way. I have a document containing functional specifications (with IDs) and on the other side there is the source code; where the javadoc of the public methods and classes is my software specification. What I now want to do is make a link between the IDs in the functional spec to the IDs in the sofware spec (ie. the source code).
Does anybody know of such a tool (commercial or not)?
Thanks,
DanielI'm a bit confused as to whether or not I understand you correctly. Please tell me if the following pseudocode is somewhat like the solution you are looking for:
class MethodFunctionality {
private Class methodClass;
private String methodSignature;
private List methodFunctions;
* Returns true if the method is used for the specified
* requirement, false otherwise.
public boolean fulfills(int requirementId) {
if methodFunctions.contains(requirementId)
return true;
else
return false;
public String getMethodSignature() {
return this.methodSingature;
public Class getMethodClass() {
return this.methodClass;
* Returns an array with IDs of each functional
* requirement covered by the method.
public int[] getCoverage() {
return this.methodFunctions;
class ClassFunctionality {
private Map methodDetails;
private List classFunctions;
public MethodFunctionality getMethodDetails(String methodSignature) {
return (MethodFunctionality) this.methodDetails.get(methodSignature);
* Returns true if the class is used for the specified
* requirement, false otherwise.
public boolean fulfills(int requirementId) {
if classFunctions.contains(requirementId)
return true;
else
return false;
* Returns an array with IDs of each functional
* requirement covered by the class.
public int[] getCoverage() {
return this.classFunctions;
}Mapping classes and methods to functionality like this would both allow you to query each class and method for all the functional requirements they claim to cover and would allow you to collect all classes and methods involved for a particular functional requirement. -
Java SSF Library - interface ISsfData and class SsfDataXML
Hello all,
Can anybody tell me in which Java library I can find the interface ISsfData and class SsfDataXML used in the following example (see link)?
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/EN/a4/d0201854fb6a4cb9545892b49d4851/frameset.htm
Which JAR file(s) contain these libraries? It is described as the Java SSF Library...
I would like to copy this file locally and add it as an External Library to an Eclipse project.
Many thanks,
AldoHi Aldo,
The java packages where this classes and interfaces are implemented are:
- com.sap.security.api.ssf
- com.sap.security.core.server.ssf
You can find this in the jar file tc_sec_ssf.jar.
Also look the following SAP Help link [Secure Store and Forward Mechanism (SSF)|http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/4d/bf6f77a2c5446a86e0152f1b309db6/frameset.htm]
Please reward if helpful.
Regards
Alexandre -
Abstract class Vs Interface and importance of using
Hi All,
I want to know what is the difference between Abstract class and Interface.
and what is the importance of using them.
Moderator message: please search for available information/documentation.
Edited by: Thomas Zloch on Sep 27, 2011 1:55 PMPlease refer to this thread, already this is discussed in forums
[ABAP Objects.. Abastract & Interface Class;
Thanks
Pavan -
When to use interface and when Abstract Class?
In a recent interview I was asked "When to use interface and when Abstract Class?" Explain with an example.
Also in what situations a class should be made final(real time example)Interface is a pure contract with no implementation. Typically used to define a communication contract between two different sub-systems. Example EJB home interface. This also allows the design to change as long as the contract is met.
Abstract class is when there exists a lot of common functionality already known and can be coded. However, a few unknowns exists (typically about data) for which abstract methods need to be defined and implemented by the sub class.
Example: Consider a workflow engine. A great example for abstract class. The workflow process has lot of common code that is independent of the workflow type (vendor flow, contract flow, payment flow etc). However, certain decisions on the route to take will depend on value of data being submitted. So the base class will define a abstract Data getData() method and proceed assuming data will come. The implementing subclass will provide the actual logic for getting the data.
Also see the "Template" design pattern.
Note: To some extent the common code design drives the behavior of the abstract methods. So if the design changes then so "might" the behavior expected from the abstract methods. -
Diffrence between a Interface and a abstract class?
Hi OO ABAP Gurus
Please clear below point to me.
Diffrence between a Interface and a abstract class?
Many thanks
Sandeep Sharma..Hi
Abstract classes
Abstract classes are normally used as an incomplete blueprint for concrete (that is, non-abstract) subclasses, for example to define a uniform interface.
Classes with at least one abstract method are themselves abstract.
Static methods and constructors cannot be abstract.
You can specify the class of the instance to be created explicitly: CREATE OBJECT <RefToAbstractClass> TYPE <NonAbstractSubclassName>.
Abstarct classes themselves cant be instantiated ( althrough their subclasses can)
Reference to abstract classes can refer to instance of subclass
Abstract (instance) methods are difined in the class , but not implemented
They must be redefined in subclasses
CLASS LC1 DEFINAITION ABSTARCT
PUBLIC SECTION
METHODS ESTIMATE ABSTARCT IMPORTING
ENDCLASS.
Interfaces
Interfaces only describe the external point of contact of a class (protocols), they do not contain any implementation.
Interfaces are usually defined by a user. The user describes in the interface which services (technical and semantic) it needs in order to carry out a task.
The user never actually knows the providers of these services, but communicates with them through the interface.
In this way the user is protected from actual implementations and can work in the same way with different classes/objects, as long as they provide the services required. This is known as polymorphism with interfaces.
Interfaces features
INTERFACE I_COUNTER.
METHODS: SET_COUNTER IMPORTING VALUE(SET_VALUE) TYPE I, INCREMENT_COUNTER, ENDINTERFACE.
CLASS C_COUNTER1 DEFINITION. PUBLIC SECTION.
INTERFACES I_COUNTER.
PRIVATE SECTION.
DATA COUNT TYPE I.
ENDCLASS.
CLASS C_COUNTER1 IMPLEMENTATION.
METHOD I_COUNTER~SET_COUNTER.
COUNT = SET_VALUE.
ENDMETHOD.
METHOD I_COUNTER~INCREMENT_COUNTER.
ADD 1 TO COUNT.
ENDMETHOD.
ENDCLASS.
Refer
https://forums.sdn.sap.com/click.jspa?searchID=10535251&messageID=2902116
Regards
Kiran -
What is the diffrence between My Runnable Interface and Java Runnable
Hi folks
all we know that interfaces in java just a decleration for methods and variables.
so my Question is why when i create an interface its name is "Runnable" and i declared a method called "run" inside it.then when i implements this interface with any class don't do the thread operation but when i implement the java.lang.Runnable the thread is going fine.
so what is the diffrence between My Runnable Interface and Java Runnable?
thnxHi folks
all we know that interfaces in java just a decleration
for methods and variables.
so my Question is why when i create an interface its
name is "Runnable" and i declared a method called
"run" inside it.then when i implements this interface
with any class don't do the thread operation but when
i implement the java.lang.Runnable the thread is going
fine.
so what is the diffrence between My Runnable Interface
and Java Runnable?
thnxClasses and interfaces are not identified by just their "name", like Runnable. The actual "name" the compiler uses is java.lang.Runnable. So even if you duplicate the Runnable interface in your own package, it's not the same as far as the compiler is concerned, because it's in a different package.
Try importing both java.util.* and java.awt.* (which both have a class or interface named List), and then try to compile List myList = new ArrayList();
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