Multithreading in PLSQL

i need to modify a procedure which takes bulk data (customer data) and operates on them one by one.
what i want is to process the customer accounts in multiple streams simultaneously.
or in other words i want to implement multithreading within the same procedure.
is it possible, if yes then can you kindly tell me the possibilities of how to achieve this....

well what i want to do is :
create multiple queues/streams of customers.
and those quesues should be working simultaneously and within each queue the customre data is being processed / transformed one by one.
eg: i have a bulk data of 100 customers and 1 process which processes 1 customer at a time.
what i want is that to divide 100 customers in 5 queues/process, now each queue/process contains 20 customers, and all 5 queues are executing/processed simultaneously.
so end result is that i get 5 customers processed as compared to 1 customer at a time.
Now i want to achieve this in the simplest yet efficient way. my aim is to improve performance as at the moment its like a half a million customers being processed sequentially!

Similar Messages

How to do Multithreading in Oracle PlSql using a Single Session

Hi All,
I have a complex but interesting requirement.
1) I have a table with 90k rows.
2) My PlSql Package picks up all the 90k rows one by one, does some processing/transformation on it
3) if the row satisfies some business rules, then it gets inserted into an application table. If the row is not eligible, then it inserts the row into a Error table.
4) After processing all the 90k records, If my Error Table Count reaches 10% of the input count (90k), then all inserts (i.e. both application table inserts and
error table inserts) must be rolled back.
5) Right now, we are achieving this logic in a single session but there are far many performance issues, because processing has to go through row by row.
Is it possible to implement the above logic as "multi threading within PlSql" whereby i can run Step 2 in 10 parallel slaves and if the total error count of all the 10 slaves exceeds 10% of the input data, then there should be a rollback for all 10 slaves.
+A sample testcase is given below. Issue is: rollback statement in p1 is not taking any effect (because plsql spawns sessions to execute p2 which autocommits itself on graceful exit). But is there any other way by which i can make the rollback to be effective+
create table t1 (a number);
create table j1(b number);
create or replace procedure p1
as
l_cnt number;
i number;
l_job number;
begin
     for i in 1 .. 5 loop
        dbms_job.submit( l_job, 'p2('||i||');' );
    end loop;
    commit;
    loop
        dbms_lock.sleep(30);
        select count(*) into l_cnt from j1;
        exit when (l_cnt = 5);
    end loop;
   rollback;
end;
create or replace procedure p2(i number)
as
begin
insert into t1 values(i);
insert into j1 values(1);
end;
/

Basically your current 'algorithm' can be described as 'slow-by-slow processing' (co Tom Kyte)
Relational databases are about sets not about records.
Consequently your approach must be qualified as evil.
Instead of fixing the problem (and getting rid of slow-by-slow processing), you propose to add even more evil by adding multi-threading to the mix.
The issue you describe is not an issue at all, it is just making clear you are heading for disaster.
An approach that works quite nicely is
- add an extra status column to the table to be processed.
- UPDATE the status column of all records that do not qualify. By UPDATE I mean the UPDATE statement, not record by record processing
- (BULK)-INSERT the remaining records, for which the flag is NULL.
The simple guidelines for application development are:
Only do it in PL/SQL when you can't do it in straight SQL
Only do it in Java when you can't do it in PL/SQL
Only do it in 3GL when you can't do it in Java.
Your 'strategy' is doomed to fail.
Get rid of it.
Before it is too late, and your heart is pumping like mad, because your problems are increasing, and increasing, and increasing, and you have to work 7 x 24 to deal with 'performance problems'
You have already demonstrated your approach doesn't work.
Don't try to make it worse.
Sybrand Bakker
Senior Oracle DBA
Experts: those who do read documentation

Multithreading in oracle PLSQL

Hi
I am having 100000 records in my database,
Normally i fetch 1000 records from 100000 in bulk and do the process, after completion of first batch the it took second set of 1000 records from 100000 in bulk and do the process.
Say in the 1st batch there is a transaction for the A/C no : 9856423456
after completion of batch 1
2nd batch is in process here some transaction for the same A/c : 9856423456
so complete this batch
and batch process is continuous till completion of whole record.
there is a dependences between 1st batch and 2nd or some other batch
say in the 1st batch transaction for the A/C no : 9856423456 after completion of this transaction balance available for the A/C no : 9856423456 2,00,000 rupees
in the 2nd or some other batch, some transaction may come for same A/c, so after completion of the first batch only we know what actual balance is.
Now i want implement multi-threading :
how can i implement
Thanks

Balajiraam wrote:
Now i want implement multi-threading : how can i implementThere 2 basic options to parallel processing using PL/SQL.
You can use the Parallel Query (PQ) feature of Oracle. This parallelises SQLs by breaking large scans into a number of smaller scans and running these in parallel. You can also run PL/SQL via PQ by defining a parallel enabled PL/SQL pipeline table function.
This second method is rolling your own parallel processing in PL/SQL. With 11g you can use DBMS_PARALLEL_EXECUTE. You can use DBMS_JOB to run parallel processes. You can use message queues and database pipes (or even plain SQL tables) for IPC. You can use DBMS_LOCK for implementing semaphores and mutexes.
It all depends on your requirements ito multi-threading/parallel processing in PL/SQL.

Pro*c multithreaded application has memory leak

Hi there,
I posted this message a week ago in OCI section, nobody answer me.
I am really curious if my application has a bug or the pro*c has a bug.
Anyone can compile the sample code and test it easily.
I made multithreaded application which queries dynamic SQL, it works.
But the memory leaks when i query the SQL statement.
The more memory leaks, the more i query the SQL statement, even same SQL
statement.
I check it with top, shell command.
My machine is SUN E450, Solaris 8. Oracle 9.2.0.1
Compiler : gcc (GCC) 3.2.2
I changed source code which is from
$(ORACLE_HOME)/precomp/demo/proc/sample10.pc
the sample10 doesn't need to be multithreaded. But i think it has to work
correctly if i changed it to multithreaded application.
the make file and source code will be placed below.
I have to figure out the problem.
Please help
Thanks in advance,
the make file is below
HOME = /user/jkku
ORA = $(ORACLE_HOME)
CC = gcc
PROC = proc
LC_INCL = -I$(HOME)/work/dbmss/libs/include
lc_incl = include=$(HOME)/work/dbmss/libs/include
SYS_INCL =
sys_incl =
ORA_INCL = -I. \
-I$(ORA)/precomp/public \
-I$(ORA)/rdbms/public \
-I$(ORA)/rdbms/demo \
-I$(ORA)/rdbms/pbsql/public \
-I$(ORA)/network/public \
-DSLMXMX_ENABLE -DSLTS_ENABLE -D_SVID_GETTOD
INCLUDES = $(LC_INCL) $(SYS_INCL) $(ORA_INCL)
includes = $(lc_incl) $(sys_incl)
LC_LIBS =
SYS_LIBS = -lpthread -lsocket -lnsl -lrt
ORA_LIBS = -L$(ORA)/lib/ -lclntsh
LIBS = $(LC_LIBS) $(SYS_LIBS) $(ORA_LIBS)
# Define C Compiler flags
CFLAGS += -D_Solaris64_ -m64
CFLAGS += -g -D_REENTRANT
# Define pro*c Compiler flags
PROCFLAGS += THREADS=YES
PROCFLAGS += CPOOL=YES
# Our object files
PRECOMPS = sample10.c
OBJS = sample10.o
.SUFFIXES: .o .c .pc
.c.o:
$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) $*.c
.pc.c:
$(PROC) $(PROCFLAGS) $(includes) $*.pc $*.c
all: sample10
sample10: $(PRECOMPS) $(OBJS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o sample10 $(OBJS) $(LIBS)
clean:
rm -rf *.o sample10 sample10.c
the source code is below which i changed the oracle sample10.pc to
multithreaded application.
Sample Program 10: Dynamic SQL Method 4
This program connects you to ORACLE using your username and
password, then prompts you for a SQL statement. You can enter
any legal SQL statement. Use regular SQL syntax, not embedded SQL.
Your statement will be processed. If it is a query, the rows
fetched are displayed.
You can enter multi-line statements. The limit is 1023 characters.
This sample program only processes up to MAX_ITEMS bind variables and
MAX_ITEMS select-list items. MAX_ITEMS is #defined to be 40.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <setjmp.h>
#include <sqlda.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sqlcpr.h>
/* Maximum number of select-list items or bind variables. */
#define MAX_ITEMS 40
/* Maximum lengths of the names of the
select-list items or indicator variables. */
#define MAX_VNAME_LEN 30
#define MAX_INAME_LEN 30
#ifndef NULL
#define NULL 0
#endif
/* Prototypes */
#if defined(__STDC__)
void sql_error(void);
int oracle_connect(void);
int alloc_descriptors(int, int, int);
int get_dyn_statement(void);
void set_bind_variables(void);
void process_select_list(void);
void help(void);
#else
void sql_error(/*_ void _*/);
int oracle_connect(/*_ void _*/);
int alloc_descriptors(/*_ int, int, int _*/);
int get_dyn_statement(/* void _*/);
void set_bind_variables(/*_ void -*/);
void process_select_list(/*_ void _*/);
void help(/*_ void _*/);
#endif
char *dml_commands[] = {"SELECT", "select", "INSERT", "insert",
"UPDATE", "update", "DELETE", "delete"};
EXEC SQL INCLUDE sqlda;
EXEC SQL INCLUDE sqlca;
EXEC SQL BEGIN DECLARE SECTION;
char dyn_statement[1024];
EXEC SQL VAR dyn_statement IS STRING(1024);
EXEC SQL END DECLARE SECTION;
EXEC ORACLE OPTION (ORACA=YES);
EXEC ORACLE OPTION (RELEASE_CURSOR=YES);
SQLDA *bind_dp;
SQLDA *select_dp;
/* Define a buffer to hold longjmp state info. */
jmp_buf jmp_continue;
char *db_uid="dbmuser/dbmuser@dbmdb";
sql_context ctx;
int err_sql;
enum{
SQL_SUCC=0,
SQL_ERR,
SQL_NOTFOUND,
SQL_UNIQUE,
SQL_DISCONNECT,
SQL_NOTNULL
int main()
int i;
EXEC SQL ENABLE THREADS;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO sql_error();
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND DO sql_not_found();
/* Connect to the database. */
if (connect_database() < 0)
exit(1);
EXEC SQL CONTEXT USE :ctx;
/* Process SQL statements. */
for (;;)
/* Allocate memory for the select and bind descriptors. */
if (alloc_descriptors(MAX_ITEMS, MAX_VNAME_LEN, NAME_LEN) != 0)
exit(1);
(void) setjmp(jmp_continue);
/* Get the statement. Break on "exit". */
if (get_dyn_statement() != 0)
break;
EXEC SQL PREPARE S FROM :dyn_statement;
EXEC SQL DECLARE C CURSOR FOR S;
/* Set the bind variables for any placeholders in the
SQL statement. */
set_bind_variables();
/* Open the cursor and execute the statement.
* If the statement is not a query (SELECT), the
* statement processing is completed after the
* OPEN.
EXEC SQL OPEN C USING DESCRIPTOR bind_dp;
/* Call the function that processes the select-list.
* If the statement is not a query, this function
* just returns, doing nothing.
process_select_list();
/* Tell user how many rows processed. */
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
if (strncmp(dyn_statement, dml_commands, 6) == 0)
printf("\n\n%d row%c processed.\n", sqlca.sqlerrd[2], sqlca.sqlerrd[2] == 1 ? '\0' : 's');
break;
/* Close the cursor. */
EXEC SQL CLOSE C;
/* When done, free the memory allocated for pointers in the bind and
select descriptors. */
for (i = 0; i < MAX_ITEMS; i++)
if (bind_dp->V != (char *) 0)
free(bind_dp->V);
free(bind_dp->I); /* MAX_ITEMS were allocated. */
if (select_dp->V != (char *) 0)
free(select_dp->V);
free(select_dp->I); /* MAX_ITEMS were allocated. */
/* Free space used by the descriptors themselves. */
SQLSQLDAFree(ctx, bind_dp);
SQLSQLDAFree(ctx, select_dp);
} /* end of for(;;) statement-processing loop */
disconnect_database();
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE;
puts("\nHave a good day!\n");
return;
* Allocate the BIND and SELECT descriptors using sqlald().
* Also allocate the pointers to indicator variables
* in each descriptor. The pointers to the actual bind
* variables and the select-list items are realloc'ed in
* the set_bind_variables() or process_select_list()
* routines. This routine allocates 1 byte for select_dp->V
* and bind_dp->V, so the realloc will work correctly.
alloc_descriptors(size, max_vname_len, max_iname_len)
int size;
int max_vname_len;
int max_iname_len;
int i;
* The first sqlald parameter determines the maximum number of
* array elements in each variable in the descriptor. In
* other words, it determines the maximum number of bind
* variables or select-list items in the SQL statement.
* The second parameter determines the maximum length of
* strings used to hold the names of select-list items
* or placeholders. The maximum length of column
* names in ORACLE is 30, but you can allocate more or less
* as needed.
* The third parameter determines the maximum length of
* strings used to hold the names of any indicator
* variables. To follow ORACLE standards, the maximum
* length of these should be 30. But, you can allocate
* more or less as needed.
if ((bind_dp =
SQLSQLDAAlloc(ctx, size, max_vname_len, max_iname_len)) ==
(SQLDA *) 0)
fprintf(stderr,
"Cannot allocate memory for bind descriptor.");
return -1; /* Have to exit in this case. */
if ((select_dp =
SQLSQLDAAlloc(ctx, size, max_vname_len, max_iname_len)) == (SQLDA *)
0)
fprintf(stderr,
"Cannot allocate memory for select descriptor.");
return -1;
select_dp->N = MAX_ITEMS;
/* Allocate the pointers to the indicator variables, and the
actual data. */
for (i = 0; i < MAX_ITEMS; i++) {
bind_dp->I = (short *) malloc(sizeof (short));
select_dp->I = (short *) malloc(sizeof(short));
bind_dp->V = (char *) malloc(1);
select_dp->V = (char *) malloc(1);
return 0;
int get_dyn_statement()
char *cp, linebuf[256];
int iter, plsql;
for (plsql = 0, iter = 1; ;)
if (iter == 1)
printf("\nSQL> ");
dyn_statement[0] = '\0';
fgets(linebuf, sizeof linebuf, stdin);
cp = strrchr(linebuf, '\n');
if (cp && cp != linebuf)
*cp = ' ';
else if (cp == linebuf)
continue;
if ((strncmp(linebuf, "EXIT", 4) == 0) ||
(strncmp(linebuf, "exit", 4) == 0))
return -1;
else if (linebuf[0] == '?' ||
(strncmp(linebuf, "HELP", 4) == 0) ||
(strncmp(linebuf, "help", 4) == 0))
help();
iter = 1;
continue;
if (strstr(linebuf, "BEGIN") ||
(strstr(linebuf, "begin")))
plsql = 1;
strcat(dyn_statement, linebuf);
if ((plsql && (cp = strrchr(dyn_statement, '/'))) ||
(!plsql && (cp = strrchr(dyn_statement, ';'))))
*cp = '\0';
break;
else
iter++;
printf("%3d ", iter);
return 0;
void set_bind_variables()
int i, n;
char bind_var[64];
/* Describe any bind variables (input host variables) */
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO sql_error();
bind_dp->N = MAX_ITEMS; /* Initialize count of array elements. */
EXEC SQL DESCRIBE BIND VARIABLES FOR S INTO bind_dp;
/* If F is negative, there were more bind variables
than originally allocated by sqlald(). */
if (bind_dp->F < 0)
printf ("\nToo many bind variables (%d), maximum is %d\n.",
-bind_dp->F, MAX_ITEMS);
return;
/* Set the maximum number of array elements in the
descriptor to the number found. */
bind_dp->N = bind_dp->F;
/* Get the value of each bind variable as a
* character string.
* C contains the length of the bind variable
* name used in the SQL statement.
* S contains the actual name of the bind variable
* used in the SQL statement.
* L will contain the length of the data value
* entered.
* V will contain the address of the data value
* entered.
* T is always set to 1 because in this sample program
* data values for all bind variables are entered
* as character strings.
* ORACLE converts to the table value from CHAR.
* I will point to the indicator value, which is
* set to -1 when the bind variable value is "null".
for (i = 0; i < bind_dp->F; i++)
printf ("\nEnter value for bind variable %.*s: ",
(int)bind_dp->C, bind_dp->S);
fgets(bind_var, sizeof bind_var, stdin);
/* Get length and remove the new line character. */
n = strlen(bind_var) - 1;
/* Set it in the descriptor. */
bind_dp->L = n;
/* (re-)allocate the buffer for the value.
sqlald() reserves a pointer location for
V but does not allocate the full space for
the pointer. */
bind_dp->V = (char *) realloc(bind_dp->V, (bind_dp->L + 1));
/* And copy it in. */
strncpy(bind_dp->V, bind_var, n);
/* Set the indicator variable's value. */
if ((strncmp(bind_dp->V, "NULL", 4) == 0) ||
(strncmp(bind_dp->V, "null", 4) == 0))
*bind_dp->I = -1;
else
*bind_dp->I = 0;
/* Set the bind datatype to 1 for CHAR. */
bind_dp->T = 1;
return;
void process_select_list()
int i, null_ok, precision, scale;
if ((strncmp(dyn_statement, "SELECT", 6) != 0) &&
(strncmp(dyn_statement, "select", 6) != 0))
select_dp->F = 0;
return;
/* If the SQL statement is a SELECT, describe the
select-list items. The DESCRIBE function returns
their names, datatypes, lengths (including precision
and scale), and NULL/NOT NULL statuses. */
select_dp->N = MAX_ITEMS;
EXEC SQL DESCRIBE SELECT LIST FOR S INTO select_dp;
/* If F is negative, there were more select-list
items than originally allocated by sqlald(). */
if (select_dp->F < 0)
printf ("\nToo many select-list items (%d), maximum is %d\n",
-(select_dp->F), MAX_ITEMS);
return;
/* Set the maximum number of array elements in the
descriptor to the number found. */
select_dp->N = select_dp->F;
/* Allocate storage for each select-list item.
sqlprc() is used to extract precision and scale
from the length (select_dp->L).
sqlnul() is used to reset the high-order bit of
the datatype and to check whether the column
is NOT NULL.
CHAR datatypes have length, but zero precision and
scale. The length is defined at CREATE time.
NUMBER datatypes have precision and scale only if
defined at CREATE time. If the column
definition was just NUMBER, the precision
and scale are zero, and you must allocate
the required maximum length.
DATE datatypes return a length of 7 if the default
format is used. This should be increased to
9 to store the actual date character string.
If you use the TO_CHAR function, the maximum
length could be 75, but will probably be less
(you can see the effects of this in SQL*Plus).
ROWID datatype always returns a fixed length of 18 if
coerced to CHAR.
LONG and
LONG RAW datatypes return a length of 0 (zero),
so you need to set a maximum. In this example,
it is 240 characters.
printf ("\n");
for (i = 0; i < select_dp->F; i++)
char title[MAX_VNAME_LEN];
/* Turn off high-order bit of datatype (in this example,
it does not matter if the column is NOT NULL). */
sqlnul ((unsigned short *)&(select_dp->T), (unsigned short
*)&(select_dp->T), &null_ok);
switch (select_dp->T)
case 1 : /* CHAR datatype: no change in length
needed, except possibly for TO_CHAR
conversions (not handled here). */
break;
case 2 : /* NUMBER datatype: use sqlprc() to
extract precision and scale. */
sqlprc ((unsigned int *)&(select_dp->L), &precision,
&scale);
/* Allow for maximum size of NUMBER. */
if (precision == 0) precision = 40;
/* Also allow for decimal point and
possible sign. */
/* convert NUMBER datatype to FLOAT if scale > 0,
INT otherwise. */
if (scale > 0)
select_dp->L = sizeof(float);
else
select_dp->L = sizeof(int);
break;
case 8 : /* LONG datatype */
select_dp->L = 240;
break;
case 11 : /* ROWID datatype */
case 104 : /* Universal ROWID datatype */
select_dp->L = 18;
break;
case 12 : /* DATE datatype */
select_dp->L = 9;
break;
case 23 : /* RAW datatype */
break;
case 24 : /* LONG RAW datatype */
select_dp->L = 240;
break;
/* Allocate space for the select-list data values.
sqlald() reserves a pointer location for
V but does not allocate the full space for
the pointer. */
if (select_dp->T != 2)
select_dp->V = (char *) realloc(select_dp->V,
select_dp->L + 1);
else
select_dp->V = (char *) realloc(select_dp->V,
select_dp->L);
/* Print column headings, right-justifying number
column headings. */
/* Copy to temporary buffer in case name is null-terminated */
memset(title, ' ', MAX_VNAME_LEN);
strncpy(title, select_dp->S, select_dp->C);
if (select_dp->T == 2)
if (scale > 0)
printf ("%.*s ", select_dp->L+3, title);
else
printf ("%.*s ", select_dp->L, title);
else
printf("%-.*s ", select_dp->L, title);
/* Coerce ALL datatypes except for LONG RAW and NUMBER to
character. */
if (select_dp->T != 24 && select_dp->T != 2)
select_dp->T = 1;
/* Coerce the datatypes of NUMBERs to float or int depending on
the scale. */
if (select_dp->T == 2)
if (scale > 0)
select_dp->T = 4; /* float */
else
select_dp->T = 3; /* int */
printf ("\n\n");
/* FETCH each row selected and print the column values. */
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND GOTO end_select_loop;
for (;;)
EXEC SQL FETCH C USING DESCRIPTOR select_dp;
/* Since each variable returned has been coerced to a
character string, int, or float very little processing
is required here. This routine just prints out the
values on the terminal. */
for (i = 0; i < select_dp->F; i++)
if (*select_dp->I < 0)
if (select_dp->T == 4)
printf ("%-*c ",(int)select_dp->L+3, ' ');
else
printf ("%-*c ",(int)select_dp->L, ' ');
else
if (select_dp->T == 3) /* int datatype */
printf ("%*d ", (int)select_dp->L,
*(int *)select_dp->V);
else if (select_dp->T == 4) /* float datatype */
printf ("%*.2f ", (int)select_dp->L,
*(float *)select_dp->V);
else /* character string */
printf ("%-*.*s ", (int)select_dp->L,
(int)select_dp->L, select_dp->V);
printf ("\n");
end_select_loop:
return;
void help()
puts("\n\nEnter a SQL statement or a PL/SQL block at the SQL> prompt.");
puts("Statements can be continued over several lines, except");
puts("within string literals.");
puts("Terminate a SQL statement with a semicolon.");
puts("Terminate a PL/SQL block (which can contain embedded
semicolons)");
puts("with a slash (/).");
puts("Typing \"exit\" (no semicolon needed) exits the program.");
puts("You typed \"?\" or \"help\" to get this message.\n\n");
int connect_database()
err_sql = SQL_SUCC;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO sql_error();
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND DO sql_not_found();
EXEC SQL CONTEXT ALLOCATE :ctx;
EXEC SQL CONTEXT USE :ctx;
EXEC SQL CONNECT :db_uid;
if(err_sql != SQL_SUCC){
printf("err => connect database(ctx:%ld, uid:%s) failed!\n", ctx, db_uid);
return -1;
return 1;
int disconnect_database()
err_sql = SQL_SUCC;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR DO sql_error();
EXEC SQL WHENEVER NOT FOUND DO sql_not_found();
EXEC SQL CONTEXT USE :ctx;
EXEC SQL COMMIT WORK RELEASE;
EXEC SQL CONTEXT FREE:ctx;
return 1;
void sql_error()
printf("err => %.*s", sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrml, sqlca.sqlerrm.sqlerrmc);
printf("in \"%.*s...\'\n", oraca.orastxt.orastxtl, oraca.orastxt.orastxtc);
printf("on line %d of %.*s.\n\n", oraca.oraslnr, oraca.orasfnm.orasfnml,
oraca.orasfnm.orasfnmc);
switch(sqlca.sqlcode) {
case -1: /* unique constraint violated */
err_sql = SQL_UNIQUE;
break;
case -1012: /* not logged on */
case -1089:
case -3133:
case -1041:
case -3114:
case -3113:
/* �6�Ŭ�� shutdown�ǰų� �α�� °� �ƴҶ� ��b�� õ� */
/* immediate shutdown in progress - no operations are permitted */
/* end-of-file on communication channel */
/* internal error. hostdef extension doesn't exist */
err_sql = SQL_DISCONNECT;
break;
case -1400:
err_sql = SQL_NOTNULL;
break;
default:
err_sql = SQL_ERR;
break;
EXEC SQL CONTEXT USE :ctx;
EXEC SQL WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE;
EXEC SQL ROLLBACK WORK;
void sql_not_found()
err_sql = SQL_NOTFOUND;

Hi Jane,
What version of Berkeley DB XML are you using?
What is your operating system and your hardware platform?
For how long have been the application running?
What is your current container size?
What's set for EnvironmentConfig.setThreaded?
Do you know if containers have previously not been closed correctly?
Can you please post the entire error output?
What's the JDK version, 1.4 or 1.5?
Thanks,
Bogdan

Java multithreading support in Oracle JVM

Dear all,
I have some questions and observations regarding multithreading support in Oracle JVM. I have some java code that is stored in the database and is multithreaded (in separate threads I run a plsql procedure that does a lot of precessing). If I run the code with my standalone JVM it works like a charm, everything gets executed in separate threads. But if I store the code in the database and run it (with the custom JVM Oracle implemented for the server) it does not do any threading, all I have is a single thread that runs everything sequentially.
The logic is this: using JDBC I create a connection, get a parameter (number of threads) and then launch the threads (each thread creates its own connection and runs the plsql procedure). No resource is shared (I have no synchronized code, I do not yield).
My question is: does Oracle JVM supports multithreading or not? If yes, how to achieve it? Maybe there is something handled in JDBC? (although my code useses JDBC is not multithreaded) If this is not possible with java, do you now how to run something (oracle function, procedure) concurrently with PLSQL? (I tried with DBMS_JOBS but it does not work on all my databases and our DBAs discourage the use of them). Performing multithreading my launching different sqlPlus processes is not an option (as we have no security standard regarding the authentication -> connection is made by specifying in clear text the user and password).
I wanted to use java because is more simple, secure (the connection is already established as the classes are stored in the database) and easy to maintain (until now we use different scripts which run on Unix and Windows and this leads to double work).
The Oracle versions I use are 10g and 11g.
Thank you all very much for your time
Just the best,
Don

don wrote:
My question is: does Oracle JVM supports multithreading or not? If yes, how to achieve it? Maybe there is something handled in JDBC? (although my code useses JDBC is not multithreaded) If this is not possible with java, do you now how to run something (oracle function, procedure) concurrently with PLSQL? (I tried with DBMS_JOBS but it does not work on all my databases and our DBAs discourage the use of them). Performing multithreading my launching different sqlPlus processes is not an option (as we have no security standard regarding the authentication -> connection is made by specifying in clear text the user and password).
(Obviously the other post answers your question.)
If I am reading that correctly then you have a management issue - not a technological one.
You have a task to complete, presumably doing it efficiently is something that the company wants.
And you have two alternatives both of which the DBAs are not allowing you to use.
So at that point it is up to management to insist that the DBAs provide specific technological reasons (not hand waving) why those solutions are not suitable. And they should also be required to provide the outline of an alternative that is suitable.
Besides that you might consider why your solution cannot be implemented entirely in a single threaded PL/SQL routine. The fact that is harder is not a reason when the point of the excercise is to create something that is more efficient.

Error while trying to access a SSWA PLSQL function

Hi,
I am trying to access a report as a web page by defining the function as follows :
Type : SSWA PLSQL FUNCTION
HTML Call : OracleOASIS.RunReport
Parameters : report=EMPDET
This function is attached to the menu and when I try to access the page I get this error.
"Error: The requested URL was not found, or cannot be served at this time.
Incorrect usage."
The URL that shows in the page is as follows(<server:port> I removed the server name and port) :
http://<server:port>/dev60cgi/rwcgi60?GDEV_APPS+DESFORMAT=HTML+SERVER=GDEV_APPS+report=EMPDET+p_session_id=A9C71A70B9B1D9BD2DCC0FC3AF9BC324+p_user_id=1133+p_responsibility_id=50230+p_application_id=800+p_security_group_id=0+p_language_code=US+NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA+NLS_DATE_FORMAT=DD-MON-RRRR+NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS=.%2C+NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN+NLS_SORT=BINARY+paramform=NO
Surprisingly other functions which are defined in this manner work fine. Do I need to register my report anywhere or are there any other settings I need to do for the report to show up.
Can someone let me know.
Thanks

Hi ;
pelase check below which could be similar error like yours
Troubleshooting of Runtime Errors of Customer Intelligence Reports [ID 284829.1]
Regard
Helios

Error while consuming PLSQL Webservice through BPEL

HI ,
I have created a simple PLSQL Web service called "HelloWorld" and it got successfully deployed .
When I tried to test this webservice through BPEL Process Manager , its showing me error everytime that ( Could not create object of class 'dimple.HelloWorldWebServiceUser'; nested exception is: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: dimple.HelloWorldWebServiceUser</summary> ) .
Please anyone help me out with this problem .
Thanks
Prashant Dwivedi

HI ,
I have created a simple PLSQL Web service called "HelloWorld" and it got successfully deployed .
When I tried to test this webservice through BPEL Process Manager , its showing me error everytime that ( Could not create object of class 'dimple.HelloWorldWebServiceUser'; nested exception is: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: dimple.HelloWorldWebServiceUser</summary> ) .
Please anyone help me out with this problem .
Thanks
Prashant Dwivedi

The simplest way for plsql procedure to return multiple rows

Hi,
What is the simplest way for plsql procedure to return multiple rows (records). There are many combination of ways to do it but I am looking for a solution that is appropriate for plsql beginners. Many solutions use cursors, cursor variables, collections and more that kind of things that are complex on the face of it. Is it somehow possible to achieve the same with less effort?
Sample query would be: SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES;
I want to use returned rows in APEX to compose APEX SQL(in that context plsql) report.
It is enough to use just SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES query in APEX but I want to use plsql procedure for that.
Thank you!

Hi,
It depends :-).
With +...that is appropriate for plsql beginners...+ in mind... it still depends!
The list of techniques (ref cursors, cursor variables, collections, arrays, using explict SQL) you have referenced in your post can be made to work. but...
+Is it somehow possible to achieve the same with less effort?+ Less effort : That needs to be defined (measured). Especially in the context of pl/sql beginners (who is a beginner?) .
What is the level of "programming experience" ?
What is the level of understanding of "Relational Result set" as processible in Oracle?
If you are looking for
Process_the_set_of rows_in APEX () kind of capabilitywhich "abstracts/hides" relation database from developers when working on relation database, it may not be the best approach (at least strategically). Because I believe it already is abstracted enough.
I find REF CUROSOR most effective for such use, when the "begginer" has basic understanding of processing SQL result set .
So in a nut shell, the techniques (that you already are familiar with) are the tools available. I am not aware of any alternative tools (in pure Oracle) that will simplify / hide basics from develpers.
vr,
Sudhakar B.

Generate Query in PLSQL to return Well Formed XML with Multiple records

Hi there
This is very urgent. I am trying to create a PLSQL query that should retrieve all records from oracle database table "tbl_Emp" in a well formed xml format. The format is given below
*<Employees xmlns="http://App.Schemas.Employees" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">*
*<Employee>*
*<First_Name></First_Name>*
*<Last_Name></Last_Name>*
*</Employee>*
*<Employee>*
*<First_Name></First_Name>*
*<Last_Name></Last_Name>*
*</Employee>*
*</Employees>*
To retrieve data in above format, I have been trying to create a query for long time as below
SELECT XMLElement("Employees",
XMLAttributes('http://App.Schemas.Employees' AS "xmlns",
*'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' AS "xmlns:xsi"),*
XMLElement("Employee", XMLForest(First_Name, Last_Name)))
AS "RESULT"
FROM tbl_Emp;
But it does not give me the required output. It creates <Employees> tag with each individual record which I don't need. I need <Employees> tag to be the root tag and <Employee> tag to repeat and wrap each individual record. Please help me in this as this is very urgent. Thanks.

Hi,
Please remember that nothing is "urgent" here, and repeating that it is will likely produce the opposite effect.
If you need a quick answer, provide all necessary details in the first place :
- db version
- test case with sample data and DDL
That being said, this one's easy, you have to aggregate using XMLAgg :
SELECT XMLElement("Employees"
       , XMLAttributes(
           'http://App.Schemas.Employees' AS "xmlns"
         , 'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' AS "xmlns:xsi"
       , XMLAgg(
           XMLElement("Employee"
           , XMLForest(
               e.first_name as "First_Name"
             , e.last_name as "Last_Name"
       ) AS "RESULT"
FROM hr.employees e
;

Business Event not triggering the PLSQL procedure.. What to do?

We need to call a plsql procedure when the GL Approval workflow has ended with approval. I thought i could do this by customizing the relevant business event.
We are on EBS 12.1.3 with RDBMS : 11.2.0.3.0.
I saw that the business event oracle.apps.gl.Journals.journal.approve was disabled currently. I enabled it and created a subscription for it. Subscription was a PLSQL procedure. Currently, for test purpose only thing it is doing is to insert a row into a table.
Business Event Subscription settings:
System: ORDEBS.SYSTEM.COM
Triggering Event
Source Type:Local
Event Filter: oracle.apps.gl.Journals.journal.approve
Execution Condition
Phase: 100
Status: Enabled
Rule Data: Message
Action Type:Custom
On Error: Stop and Rollback
Action
PL/SQL Rule Function: XX_GL_APPROVE_BE_PKG.Get_Attributes
Priority: Normal
Documentation (Not sure what value to be given for these. I went with the below values.)
Owner: Company Name
Owner Tag: Custom Schema
Using the below query i can see that the business event is getting called when the approval happens (One row added each time approval happened). But I cant see any rows in the table where it should insert a row. What could be going wrong? How can i verify that the procedure has been called?
select * from WF_DEFERRED where corrid ='APPS:oracle.apps.gl.Journals.journal.approve'
Procedure:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY APPS.XX_GL_APPROVE_BE_PKG
AS
PROCEDURE Get_Attributes
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO xx.xx_test_table VALUES ('From BE');
COMMIT;
END Get_Attributes;
END XX_GL_APPROVE_BE_PKG;

Thanks Alejandro. Now this is working.
Changes i made:
1. Added the WFERROR workflow as a subscription to this event. So i could see that the function i am calling from the event did not have proper signature.
2. Changed the function signature to have standard parameters like:
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY XX_GL_APPROVE_BE_PKG
AS
function subscription(p_subscription_guid in raw,
p_event in out nocopy wf_event_t) return varchar2 is
l_result varchar2(20);
begin
insert into xxvtv.xxvtv_test_table values ('From BE');
commit;
exception
when others then
wf_core.context('XX_GL_APPROVE_BE_PKG','function subscription', p_event.getEventName(), p_event.getEventKey());
wf_event.setErrorInfo(p_event, 'ERROR');
return 'ERROR';
end subscription;
END XX_GL_APPROVE_BE_PKG;
3. Changed the owner name and owner tag both to the custom schema name (XX)

Difference between empty plsql record and null plsql record

Hi there,
I am kinda getting confused with empty plsql record and null plsql record.
How do I assign plsql record to be empty and to be null?
create type emp_obj as object (enum number, ename varchar2);
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE emp_type AS TABLE OF emp_obj;
Thanks

First of all, do not use term PL/SQL record in this context. Record type in PL/SQL is completely different from object type. Secondly, there are 2 states of a nested table:
1. Unintialized:
SQL> create or replace
2    type emp_obj_type as object(enum number, ename varchar2(10));
3 /
Type created.
SQL> create or replace
2    type emp_tbl_type as table of emp_obj_type
3 /
Type created.
SQL> declare
2      v_emp_tbl emp_tbl_type;
3 begin
4      v_emp_tbl.extend;
5 end;
6 /
declare
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06531: Reference to uninitialized collection
ORA-06512: at line 4
SQL> 2 Empty:
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> declare
2      v_emp_tbl emp_tbl_type := emp_tbl_type();
3 begin
4      dbms_output.put_line('Nested table v_emp_tbl has ' || v_emp_tbl.count || ' element(s).');
5 end;
6 /
Nested table v_emp_tbl has 0 element(s).
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> NULL aplies to nested table element, not to nested table itself:
SQL> declare
2      v_emp_tbl emp_tbl_type := emp_tbl_type();
3 begin
4      v_emp_tbl.extend;
5      if v_emp_tbl(1) is null
6        then
7          dbms_output.put_line('Nested table v_emp_tbl first element is NULL.');
8      end if;
9 end;
10 /
Nested table v_emp_tbl first element is NULL.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SY.

How to create APEX report from data in PLSQL table

Hi, I have a procedure that is creating/inserting records into multidimensional pslql table. I want to create a report and graph based on the data stored in plsql table. Can someone please advice how to can I select this data in apex OR point me to any sample code?
Thanks
Aali

Hi,
try to google something about ORACLE TABLE CAST
SELECT ot.yourcolumn
FROM
TABLE(CAST(yourplsqltablevariable AS userdefinedoracletype)) otE.g.
http://it.toolbox.com/blogs/oracle-guide/using-a-plsql-table-in-sql-11013
Regards,
R.

Get distinct values from plsql array

Hi,
I have declared a variable as below in plsql proc.
type t_itemid is table of varchar2(10);
inserted set of items in to this using a program
now i want distinct values from that array how can i get it.

I am using 9i so i cannot use set operator and more over my problem is that i am declaring the variable inside the plsql block . when i tried i am getting the below errors:
SQL> r
1 declare
2 type t_type is table of varchar2(10);
3 v_type t_type;
4 begin
5 v_type := t_type('toys','story','good','good','toys','story','dupe','dupe');
6 for i in (select column_value from table(v_type)) loop
7 dbms_output.put_line(i.column_value);
8 end loop;
9* end;
for i in (select column_value from table(v_type)) loop
ERROR at line 6:
ORA-06550: line 6, column 41:
PLS-00642: local collection types not allowed in SQL statements
ORA-06550: line 6, column 35:
PL/SQL: ORA-22905: cannot access rows from a non-nested table item
ORA-06550: line 6, column 10:
PL/SQL: SQL Statement ignored
ORA-06550: line 7, column 22:
PLS-00364: loop index variable 'I' use is invalid
ORA-06550: line 7, column 1:
PL/SQL: Statement ignored

Problem with CLOB in PLSQL Web Service.

Hi-
I have Oracle Package that accepts CLOB as IN parameter and another CLOB as an OUT parameter. I went thru the tutorial in how to publish a database
PLSQL package as a web service with out any problem. I was able to publish and call successfully my PLSQL web service thru a browser and thru a simple C# application. It's been working fine until I receive an XML file which is bigger than 32766:
java.sql.SQLException: setString can only process strings of less than 32766 chararacters at oracle.jdbc.driver.DatabaseError.throwSqlException(DatabaseError.java:137)]
JDeveloper version: JDeveloper 10g (10.1.2.2.0) Build 1929
Oracle Application Server 10g
I'm newbie in JDeveloper so any help is greatly appreciated.
Thanks!

well Shay,
i've used JDev's tools to developer and to deploy the web service: the war and ear files are automatically generates you to the end of the process.
I have included all the files java and the compiled classes, but I do not have files jar.
But don't works: if i create only one java class with all code inside then it works fine!!
Daniele

Video transmission with multithreading. I am having a problem?

I am doing an application for sending video streams to multiple clients at the same time. So am using multithreading. I have the following codes to do the transmission. When I am using it with one thread only it is working fine. But when I use it with more threads for multiple transmissions I am have an error saying �Unable to realize com.sun.media.ProcessEngine�. Can anyone help me plz.
import java.awt.*;
import javax.media.*;
import javax.media.protocol.*;
import javax.media.protocol.DataSource;
import javax.media.format.*;
import javax.media.control.TrackControl;
import javax.media.control.QualityControl;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.Thread;
public class VideoTransmitThread extends Thread{
// Input MediaLocator
// Can be a file or http or capture source
private MediaLocator locator;
private String ipAddress;
private String port;
private Processor processor = null;
private DataSink rtptransmitter = null;
private DataSource dataOutput = null;
public VideoTransmitThread(MediaLocator locator,
               String ipAddress,
               String port) {
     this.locator = locator;
     this.ipAddress = ipAddress;
     this.port = port;
* Starts the transmission. Returns null if transmission started ok.
* Otherwise it returns a string with the reason why the setup failed.
//run method for the thread
public void run( ) {
     String result;
     // Create a processor for the specified media locator
     // and program it to output JPEG/RTP
     result =createProcessor();
     if (result != null)
     System.out.println("error: "+result);
     // Create an RTP session to transmit the output of the
     // processor to the specified IP address and port no.
     result =createTransmitter();
     if (result != null) {
     processor.close();
     processor = null;
     //return result;
     System.out.println("error: "+result);
     System.exit(0);
     try {
     Thread.sleep(1000); // 100 msec
     } catch (InterruptedException e) {
     return;
     // Start the transmission
     processor.start();
* Stops the transmission if already started
public void stop1() {
     synchronized (this) {
     if (processor != null) {
          processor.stop();
          processor.close();
          processor = null;
          rtptransmitter.close();
          rtptransmitter = null;
private String createProcessor() {
     if (locator == null)
     return "Locator is null";
     DataSource ds;
     DataSource clone;
     try {
     ds = Manager.createDataSource(locator);
     } catch (Exception e) {
     return "Couldn't create DataSource";
     // Try to create a processor to handle the input media locator
     try {
     processor = Manager.createProcessor(ds);
     } catch (NoProcessorException npe) {
     return "Couldn't create processor";
     } catch (IOException ioe) {
     return "IOException creating processor";
     // Wait for it to configure
     boolean result = waitForState(processor, Processor.Configured);
     if (result == false)
     return "Couldn't configure processor";
     // Get the tracks from the processor
     TrackControl [] tracks = processor.getTrackControls();
     // Do we have atleast one track?
     if (tracks == null || tracks.length < 1)
     return "Couldn't find tracks in processor";
     boolean programmed = false;
     // Search through the tracks for a video track
     for (int i = 0; i < tracks.length; i++) {
     Format format = tracks.getFormat();
     if ( tracks[i].isEnabled() &&
          format instanceof VideoFormat &&
          !programmed) {
          // Found a video track. Try to program it to output JPEG/RTP
          // Make sure the sizes are multiple of 8's.
          Dimension size = ((VideoFormat)format).getSize();
          float frameRate = ((VideoFormat)format).getFrameRate();
          int w = (size.width % 8 == 0 ? size.width :
                    (int)(size.width / 8) * 8);
          int h = (size.height % 8 == 0 ? size.height :
                    (int)(size.height / 8) * 8);
          VideoFormat jpegFormat = new VideoFormat(VideoFormat.JPEG_RTP,
                                   new Dimension(w, h),
                                   Format.NOT_SPECIFIED,
                                   Format.byteArray,
                                   frameRate);
          tracks[i].setFormat(jpegFormat);
          System.err.println("Video transmitted as:");
          System.err.println(" " + jpegFormat);
          // Assume succesful
          programmed = true;
     } else
          tracks[i].setEnabled(false);
     if (!programmed)
     return "Couldn't find video track";
     // Set the output content descriptor to RAW_RTP
     ContentDescriptor cd = new ContentDescriptor(ContentDescriptor.RAW_RTP);
     processor.setContentDescriptor(cd);
     // Realize the processor. This will internally create a flow
     // graph and attempt to create an output datasource for JPEG/RTP
     // video frames.
     result = waitForState(processor, Controller.Realized);
     if (result == false)
     return "Couldn't realize processor";
     // Set the JPEG quality to .5.
     setJPEGQuality(processor, 0.5f);
     // Get the output data source of the processor
     dataOutput = processor.getDataOutput();
     return null;
// Creates an RTP transmit data sink. This is the easiest way to create
// an RTP transmitter. The other way is to use the RTPSessionManager API.
// Using an RTP session manager gives you more control if you wish to
// fine tune your transmission and set other parameters.
private String createTransmitter() {
     // Create a media locator for the RTP data sink.
     // For example:
     // rtp://129.130.131.132:42050/video
     String rtpURL = "rtp://" + ipAddress + ":" + port + "/video";
     MediaLocator outputLocator = new MediaLocator(rtpURL);
     // Create a data sink, open it and start transmission. It will wait
     // for the processor to start sending data. So we need to start the
     // output data source of the processor. We also need to start the
     // processor itself, which is done after this method returns.
     try {
     rtptransmitter = Manager.createDataSink(dataOutput, outputLocator);
     rtptransmitter.open();
     rtptransmitter.start();
     dataOutput.start();
     } catch (MediaException me) {
     return "Couldn't create RTP data sink";
     } catch (IOException ioe) {
     return "Couldn't create RTP data sink";
     return null;
* Setting the encoding quality to the specified value on the JPEG encoder.
* 0.5 is a good default.
void setJPEGQuality(Player p, float val) {
     Control cs[] = p.getControls();
     QualityControl qc = null;
     VideoFormat jpegFmt = new VideoFormat(VideoFormat.JPEG);
     // Loop through the controls to find the Quality control for
     // the JPEG encoder.
     for (int i = 0; i < cs.length; i++) {
     if (cs[i] instanceof QualityControl &&
          cs[i] instanceof Owned) {
          Object owner = ((Owned)cs[i]).getOwner();
          // Check to see if the owner is a Codec.
          // Then check for the output format.
          if (owner instanceof Codec) {
          Format fmts[] = ((Codec)owner).getSupportedOutputFormats(null);
          for (int j = 0; j < fmts.length; j++) {
               if (fmts[j].matches(jpegFmt)) {
               qc = (QualityControl)cs[i];
               qc.setQuality(val);
               System.err.println("- Setting quality to " +
                         val + " on " + qc);
               break;
          if (qc != null)
          break;
* Convenience methods to handle processor's state changes.
private Integer stateLock = new Integer(0);
private boolean failed = false;
Integer getStateLock() {
     return stateLock;
void setFailed() {
     failed = true;
private synchronized boolean waitForState(Processor p, int state) {
     p.addControllerListener(new StateListener());
     failed = false;
     // Call the required method on the processor
     if (state == Processor.Configured) {
     p.configure();
     } else if (state == Processor.Realized) {
     p.realize();
     // Wait until we get an event that confirms the
     // success of the method, or a failure event.
     // See StateListener inner class
     while (p.getState() < state && !failed) {
     synchronized (getStateLock()) {
          try {
          getStateLock().wait();
          } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
          return false;
     if (failed)
     return false;
     else
     return true;
* Inner Classes
class StateListener implements ControllerListener {
     public void controllerUpdate(ControllerEvent ce) {
     // If there was an error during configure or
     // realize, the processor will be closed
     if (ce instanceof ControllerClosedEvent)
          setFailed();
     // All controller events, send a notification
     // to the waiting thread in waitForState method.
     if (ce instanceof ControllerEvent) {
          synchronized (getStateLock()) {
          getStateLock().notifyAll();
* Sample Usage for VideoTransmitNew class
public static void main(String [] args) {
     // We need three parameters to do the transmission
     // For example,
     // java VideoTransmitNew file:/C:/media/test.mov 129.130.131.132 42050
     System.err.println("Start transmission");
     //Create a video transmit object with the specified params.
MediaLocator URL=new MediaLocator("file:///C:/media/test.mpg");
//Am using 3 different threads.
     new VideoTransmitThread(URL,"CSELAB12PC10","9876").start();
     new VideoTransmitThread(URL," CSELAB12PC11","9870").start();
     new VideoTransmitThread(URL," CSELAB12PC12","9690").start();
     //close all transmission before quiting.

Hm, that was my silver bullet. Other than doing an uninsall and then installing Presenter again, you may need to reach out to Adobe and see if they can identify what could be causing this.

Multithreading in PLSQL

Similar Messages

Maybe you are looking for