Nonlinear system

Hi all. I'm trying to solve non-linear equation, but I can't get any result.
Can you say where is my mistake?
Attachments:
Nonlinear Equation.vi ‏11 KB

To understand the nature of your problem, it is instructive to consider the "improvements" made to that VI in later versions. Instead of specifying a starting point, you now specify upper and lower limits for each variable. The VI then chooses a random starting point in that region. You can choose how many starting points to try. In cases like yours where the results are very sensitive to the starting point, this is a big help.
To get a result on my machine using the old VI I had to:
1) Change , to ., this depends on the system formatt, there is a subVI which converts the sqrt(2) to a string and then determines the system radix separator. If you use the comma you should be fine.
2) Enter [500000, 0.001] into the Start Array for the starting point.
3) Change accuracy to 8e-4 and h to 1e-7.
In general though, the result will be very, very dependent on the starting point, and closer won't always help.
I would suggest either using the new version, or improvising. You can achieve similar results by specifying bounds for each variable, choosing random values within each interval for a starting point, then testing for a result.

Similar Messages

Distance along an ellipse arc (nD Nonlinear System Solver (VI).vi)

I'm hoping to get some help solving an issue I've come up against. I appreciate that what I'm asking requires some of your time, so I've tried hard to do my due diligence before posting here. I'll really appreciate any help I can get. I'm using LabVIEW 2014 Professional on Windows 7.
I've stripped away all the details of the specific application I'm working on and tried hard to isolate just the issue that is causing me difficulties.
I've posed the problem below and I attached some investigation code (sorry, there is quite a bit) that represents my current solution (with the issue).
Problem: Given an ellipse (with a major and a minor axis and a frame of reference), a distance to travel and any point on the ellipse, calculate the end point on the ellipse where the elliptical arc length between the two points equals the given distance to travel.
I'll restate the problem, but with physical values. Given an ellipse, centered on the origin, with axes of 10mm and 8mm, and a starting point (5mm, 0mm); what is the end point on the ellipse after travelling 1 mm along the ellipse?
This initially seemed like a simple calculation (and it is for a circle), but for an ellipse, the math turns out to be somewhat more complicated and requires numerical computation.
Issue: I was given some python code that solves this problem and embarked on a LabVIEW solution. The python code uses the function optimize.fsolve from the scipy library to solve one aspect of the problem. I'm not too familiar with the LabVIEW VIs available to do the equivalent, but settled on "LabVIEW 2014\vi.lib\gmath\zero.llb\nD Nonlinear System Solver (VI).vi" (my code still has other options disabled in the code). When I use this solver VI, I do not always get the same answer from this VI. Sometimes it finds one root and sometimes two. For points separated by less than half the circumference of the ellipse, there should always be 2 roots (one in the clock-wise and one in the counter clock-wise direction). Any ideas why the solver does not always return 2 roots?
Current Solution: My investigation VI takes two points on an ellipse (defined by a start angle and end angle) and calculates the distance between them along the ellipse. Then, I take the start point and the distance and try to calculate the end angle (which I can use to find the end point). Run once, it usually finds the right answer, but run 100 times it often returns the answer 19. I should mention that I'm not 100% positive there are no issues with the code used to support this calculation and I'm open to any suggested changes or improvements, but the issue currently causing problems is the inconsistent operation of the solver VI.
Again, I appreciate this is long and thank you for reading this far; I hope you find this as fun a problem as I do!
Chris
Solved!
Go to Solution.
Attachments:
NI Forums.zip ‏265 KB

Hello Mark,
Thanks for your reply, I was concerned that I had sent up an air ball on this one! And thank you for taking the time to review the code.
You are correct, I am having an issue with the results of the nD Nonlinear System Solver (VI).vi. And that is a good poiint you raise, regarding the choice of the starting points. I'm not intending to use random values, I think I'm using a number very close to the start angle (in this case 20.001 degrees) as a start and 2pi (or 360 degrees) as the end. When I read the description of the start and end from the documentation:
Start is an array describing the left corner of the n-dimension interval. The randomly chosen start points of the zero-finding algorithm can be found in the n-dimensional rectangle spanned by Start and End.
End is an array describing the right corner of the n-dimension interval. The randomly chosen start points of the zero-finding algorithm can be found in the n-dimensional rectangle spanned by Start and End.
I have to admit I don't *understand* what this means and I am currently guessing for the choices of start and end. I will think on this some more and review your links.
As far as my final goal, I'm going to use this code I shared for generating an ellipitical motion profile on the PC to send to a cRIO and have executed on a FPGA.
I'll report back after I work on this some more, but if you have some more insights, please share.
Chris
(BTW, I have an open support item for this #7444649 and it was suggested I also post on the forums)

About the Nonlinear System Solver

Hi, I am trying to solve a nonlinear system that is a little complicated to get the solution manually:
B*Sin(P)/(2*sin(B)*b)=0
B*Sin(W)/(2*sin(A)*b)=0
A+B+P+W-180=0
I tried to use the Nonlinear System Solver entering the formulas and
all I get is an error code -23001 (Error -23001 occurred at an
unidentified location Possible reason(s):
Analysis: Syntax error of parser. "
I don't know what I am doing wrong, I am doing it similarly to the
attached VI, with my own equations and controls. I even tried to change
the equations so I would delete the "sin" (sine), just to make a test
(about syntax and the solver not understanding that command?), and I
got the same error.
Help is much appreciated,
Thanks

Also remember that the argument to trigonometric functions must be in radians here.
Are you sure that A and Beta are not [0<A<π/2], [0<Beta<π/2].
How about the "180" in the last formula. Shouldn't it be π instead?
Is b 83 degrees or just a constant of 82?
LabVIEW Champion . Do more with less code and in less time .

Nonlinear system identification using neural network (black box model)

Hello, my thesis work is based on "suface EMG- angular acceleration modeling using different system identification techniques"......can anyone help me in doing nonlinear system identification using neural network...

Well, look at that. I actually had this problem before--and SOLVED it before! [facepalm] I'd forgotten all about it....
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=140151
I just added "vmalloc=256" to my linux line, and X started right up!
[edit] Well, mythtv had the solution, as well: http://www.mythtv.org/wiki/Common_Probl … _too_small
Last edited by wilberfan (2012-11-05 19:38:06)

System calibration as a solution of nonlinear equations

Good day,
The challenge of the day is to provide a calibration for an accelerometer output, expressed as a binary value.
I have an accelerometer whose operating range can be set (±2g, ±4g, ±8g). The accelerometer itself then generates a binary value at 16bit resolution. Hence, that 2^16 value (0-65535) represents an acceleration whose value depends on the ranges we set.
So, we make the asumption that the response is linear, allowing us to claim:
Acceleration = Scale x Binary Value + Offset
I have three axes worth of data, accelerometer A, B and C. If I hold the accelerometer stationary, the only thing I should be reading is the accleration due to gravity, g. This gets me the relationship
(A)^2 + (B)^2 + (C)^2 = g^2
since, in any orientation, the magnitude of the combination of all three acceleration readings should be the acceleration due to gravity (and that shouldn't change no matter which way you happen to be pointing the accelerometer).
What this gives me, then, is a nonlinear relationship of 6 variables (three scale factors and three offsets). I should be able to take six measurements in arbitrary orientations, which will give me six output values of each acclerometer. I should then be able to pull out the scale factors and offsets for each accelerometer, either in terms of g or relating to what I think g is.
My question, then, is how can I get Labview to do this? I'm see that there's a Solve Linear Equations tool, but I'm not seeing one appropriate for the nonlinear case. I'm also quite comfortable believing I'm just missing it :-)
Thanks!
Solved!
Go to Solution.

OK, so I've dug a bit deeper and believe that the Nonlinear System Solver is the appropriate starting point, as found in the example file Equation Explorer.vi.
In that example, I can define a system of nonlinear equations and the vi should spit out the solutions (zeros) of the variables. I got it to work with some arbitrary test data generated through excel.
Now, I'm moving on to the next level of complexity in the model, and have derailed m'self again..
The simulated device:
a three axis accelerometer, each of which would generate an output of the form Voltage = Scale * Acceleration + Offset.
In a perfect world, the only accleration I'll be seeing is gravity (9.8 m/s^2), and I set that gravity in a random direction (indicating the accelerometer is at an arbitrary orientation). Knowing that orientation, I then calculated what the components of the acceleration would be along all three axes, and then applied values for Scale and Offet to deterine what the equivalent voltage reading off the accelerometers would be.
So now I start the long way home again. From a Labview perspective, I know that I have three voltage outputs which would feed into a known relationship
((Vx - OffsetX)/ScaleX)^2 + ((Vy - OffsetY)/ScaleY)^2 + ((Vz - OffsetZ)/ScaleZ)^2 - 96.04 = 0
where the 96.04 comes from g^2. This is my nonlinear equation with six unknowns in it and three constants.
Since I have six unknowns, I need six equations, which I can get by rerunning my simulation, right?
I put six generated "voltages" (Vx, Vy, Vz) into this form using my expected values for Scale and Offset, and run the vi. However, the vi returns nothing. I know there should be a solution vecotr, because that's what I used to created the simulated data. Is there something I'm overlooking?
Attachments:
Calibration.png ‏74 KB

Solving nonlinear equation with VI

Hi,
I want to use LabView to solve a nonlinear equation. I read forums and figured out that I can use Nonlinear System Solver. vi and I noticed there are two options to write the equation: 1) F(X) is formula and 2) F(X) is VI. I could use the first option and write the equation with that but I did not understand how to use a sub-Vi to provide the equation. Would any one please tell me how to do that?
Thank you

Soran,
Read the detailed help for the solver VI.
The VI usually executes much faster than the formula parser/evaluator. Since solvers (and curve fitters, which have the same options) may need to evaluate the function many times while solving, that time can become significant.
In the help is a link to a template for the VI you need. You must use the exact connector pane and reference type. While you can create your own VI, it is much easier to use the template. On the block diagram create the code to generate your equation values in the configuration required by the solver. Be careful to put the parameters in the correcto order.
Lynn

System Calibration vs Device Calibration

Hi Guys,
Looking for some experiences/opinions on an approach we are looking to take on a measurement system.
We are using compactRIOs which are buit into a system which is installed in a quite restrictive environment and we are concerned will calibration. To retrieve the measurement cards and replace them will be a costly exercise.
We are considering a concept of using a portable calibration unit to perform a system calibration on site. This would involve putting in known values and notifying the software which can calculate new scaling coefficients to use going foward.
I believe this should account for everything that calibrating the devices would (and more). Assuming this is done at regular intervals and the devices calibration drift is roughly linear there should be no need to calibrate them seperately.
Have you had experience of this method? Would you be confident in this for new systems?
Cheers,
James

OK, so I've dug a bit deeper and believe that the Nonlinear System Solver is the appropriate starting point, as found in the example file Equation Explorer.vi.
In that example, I can define a system of nonlinear equations and the vi should spit out the solutions (zeros) of the variables. I got it to work with some arbitrary test data generated through excel.
Now, I'm moving on to the next level of complexity in the model, and have derailed m'self again..
The simulated device:
a three axis accelerometer, each of which would generate an output of the form Voltage = Scale * Acceleration + Offset.
In a perfect world, the only accleration I'll be seeing is gravity (9.8 m/s^2), and I set that gravity in a random direction (indicating the accelerometer is at an arbitrary orientation). Knowing that orientation, I then calculated what the components of the acceleration would be along all three axes, and then applied values for Scale and Offet to deterine what the equivalent voltage reading off the accelerometers would be.
So now I start the long way home again. From a Labview perspective, I know that I have three voltage outputs which would feed into a known relationship
((Vx - OffsetX)/ScaleX)^2 + ((Vy - OffsetY)/ScaleY)^2 + ((Vz - OffsetZ)/ScaleZ)^2 - 96.04 = 0
where the 96.04 comes from g^2. This is my nonlinear equation with six unknowns in it and three constants.
Since I have six unknowns, I need six equations, which I can get by rerunning my simulation, right?
I put six generated "voltages" (Vx, Vy, Vz) into this form using my expected values for Scale and Offset, and run the vi. However, the vi returns nothing. I know there should be a solution vecotr, because that's what I used to created the simulated data. Is there something I'm overlooking?
Attachments:
Calibration.png ‏74 KB

Control Design and Simulation and DAQ

I'm learning Control Design and Simulations. I have some questions about it.
1. For System Identification use, we can find the transfer function/model of the system by feeding data measurement from the system. But, how long data do we need to be sufficent for Identification System to estimate the model? Until the get saturated value (steady state)? or any other intervals? What if the system is unstable? How will Identification System Toolkit estimate that case?
2. For connecting to hardware, we just connect the clock in the simulation loop to the hardware? And the simulation loop will simulate the blocks inside once it got the trigger/data from the DAQ? what about the step time and solver? Do they follow the timing from hardware? or they will run on their own supplied values/clock?if we use USB DAQ, we can't have any clock from it (as far as I know it's because USB connection is not that stable for clocking since it might be any jitters or delays.) So, how do we configure the timing parameter for USB DAQ?
3. There is possibility to convert model in transfer function to state space, how do we know the states inside that conversion?
Any helps would be great...
Thanks in advance...

Dear Chin ho,
After going through your questions I found some documentation which will be useful for you. But I you still have more questions, you can reply me any time.
1- About the data and amount of it I couldn't find any info but maybe you can use the new functions in LV version 2009 and find your answer.
Estimating States of Nonlinear Stochastic State-Space Models with Extended Kalman Filters
In previous versions of the LabVIEW Control Design and Simulation Module, you can use the Discrete Kalman Filter function and the Continuous Kalman Filter function to estimate the states of a linear discrete or linear continuous stochastic state-space model, respectively. In the LabVIEW 2009 Control Design and Simulation Module, you can use the Continuous Extended Kalman Filter function and the Discrete Extended Kalman Filter function to estimate the states of a nonlinear continuous or a nonlinear discrete stochastic state-space model, respectively.
The Continuous Extended Kalman Filter function and the Discrete Extended Kalman Filter function estimate model states of a partially observable plant based on noisy measurements. First, use the SIM Discrete Nonlinear Plant Model template VI or the SIM Continuous Nonlinear Plant Model template VI, located in the labview\templates\Control and Simulation directory, to define the system model. Then use the the Discrete Nonlinear Noisy Plant function or the Continuous Nonlinear Noisy Plant function to simulate the discrete or continuous nonlinear model, respectively, with the addition of noise. Finally, use the Continuous Extended Kalman Filter function or the Discrete Extended Kalman Filter function to estimate the states of your model.
The Continuous Extended Kalman Filter function and the Discrete Extended Kalman Filter function linearize the nonlinear system either by calculating a Jacobian matrix internally or by using an external Jacobian matrix that you define. Use the SIM Continuous Jacobians template VI or the SIM Discrete Jacobians template VI, located in the labview\templates\Control and Simulation directory, to define an external Jacobian matrix.
Refer to the LabVIEW Control Design User Manual, accessible by navigating to the labview\manuals directory and opening CD_User_Manual.pdf, for more information about estimating the states of nonlinear stochastic state-space models with extended Kalman filters.
2- I think that I found a pdf document about this part of your question which will be helpful. If you would like to give your email address, I can send it to you.
3- About this part you can check the help function in LabVIEW when you open the "CD Convert Transfer function To State-space" function in your front panel.
I pasted some info about the mathematic part below.
The LabVIEW Control Design and Simulation Module provides tools to study the dynamics of systems described by linear time-invariant (LTI) continuous and discrete models. You can create deterministic state-space, transfer function, and zero-pole-gain models. You also can create stochastic state-space models and the second-order statistics noise models. You can use these forms to describe both single-input single-output (SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems.
Continuous transfer function and zero-pole-gain models use the s variable to define time, whereas discrete transfer function and zero-pole-gain models use the z variable to define time. Continuous state-space models use the t variable to define time, whereas discrete state-space models use the k variable to define time.
Deterministic State-Space Model
Continuous
x(t) = Ax("t) + Bu(t)
y(t) = Cx(t) + Du(t)
Discrete
x(k + 1) = Ax(k) + Bu(k)
y(k) = Cx(k) + Du(k)
Stochastic State-Space Model
Continuous
x(t) = Ax(t) + Bu(t) + Gw(t)
y(t) = Cx(t) + Du(t) + Hw(t) + v(t)
Discrete
x(k + 1) = Ax(k) + Bu(k) + Gw(k)
y(k) = Cx(k) + Du(k) + Hw(k) + v(k)
Second-Order Statistics Noise Model
Q = E{w . wT} – E{w} . ET{w}
R = E{v . vT} – E{v} . ET{v}
N = E{w . vT} – E{w} . ET{v}
where
t is continuous time.
k is the model sampling time multiplied by the discrete time step, where the discrete time step equals 0, 1, 2, …
x is the model state vector.
u is the model input vector.
y is the model output vector.
w is the process noise vector.
v is the measurement noise vector.
A is an n × n state matrix of the given model.
B is an n × m input matrix of the given model.
C is an r × n output matrix of the given model.
D is an r × m direct transmission matrix of the given model.
n is the number of model states.
m is the number of model inputs.
r is the number of model outputs.
G is a matrix relating w to the model states.
H is a matrix relating w to the model outputs.
Q is the auto-covariance matrix of w.
R is the auto-covariance matrix of v.
N is the cross-covariance matrix between w and v.
E{} denotes the expected value or the mean of the enclosed term(s).

Gold-rabiner pitch tracker or speech pitch estimation generally (how to get speech pitch)!!!

I'm a beginner user of Labview and I want to ask if someone has a vi which implements the "gold-rabiner pitch tracker" or a vi which finds speech pitch !!!
The first one is a method to estimate the speech pitch by using a time varying nonlinear system called a peak detecting axponential window circuit.
The second is what the words say...It finds the speech pitch generally with any of the existing methods.
If there is someone who can help me,post me back or email me at [email protected]
It is very important for me!!!
Thanx

Did you do the usual stuff, such as reset PRAM?
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1379
There are some sound settings in PRAM, although I think it's only for sound output.
Also, as a test, I would create a new admin user account in System Preferences Accounts pane
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?path=Mac/10.5/en/8235.html
Log out and log in to the new account (do not use Fast User Switching). In the new account, try recording something using QuickTime, and note if this problem recurs. If it does not, you have eliminated a few possible causes, such as a problem with the overall system installation or a hardware issue, and isolated the problem to something in your normal user account.

Solving a system of nonlinear equations

Hey guys,
I am currently trying to solve a set of nonlinear equations in LabView with the help of MathScript and MATLAB code. I'm trying to create a working code since hours, but I haven't achieved this goal yet.
System of equations:
x^2 + y^2 + z^2 - R1^2 == 0
x^2 + (y-Y0)^2 + z^2 - R2^2 == 0
(x-X0)^2 + y^2 + z^2 - R3^2 == 0
R1, R2, R3, X0, Y0 are known.
Possible solution in MATLAB (assuming X0 = Y0 = 100, R1^2 = R3^2 = 11000, R2^2= 9000):
Create myfun.m with content:
function F = myfun(x);
F = [x(1)^2 + x(2)^2 + x(3)^2 - 11000;
x(1)^2 + (x(2)-100)^2 + x(3)^2 - 9000;
(x(1)-100)^2 + x(2)^2 + x(3)^2 - 11000];
end
Set intial value for iteration:
x0 = [50 50 50]
Solve:
fsolve(@myfun, x0)
=> Works fine!
Now I tried to just plug all of this stuff into a MathScript Node:
function F = myfun(x);
F = [x(1)^2 + x(2)^2 + x(3)^2 - 11000;
x(1)^2 + (x(2)-100)^2 + x(3)^2 - 9000;
(x(1)-100)^2 + x(2)^2 + x(3)^2 - 11000];
x0 = [50 50 50];
Sol = fsolve(@myfun, x0);
This is where the problem starts.
When I try to run the program, I get the follwing error message:
A function is defined in this script. You must save and call the
function with appropriate input values to execute the function.
I can't really figure out, what I did wrong and I would be very thankful, if somebody could help me.
Regards,
fuchrist
Solved!
Go to Solution.

Hi,
MathScript does not support inline user-defined function (UDF). What you need to do is
Define the UDF in a .m file. Give that .m file the same name as your UDF.
Save the .m file in MathScript Search Path. By default, the search path is the LabVIEW Data folder.
Pass the name of .m file as the first string input to function fsolve in MathScript Node.
I attach my .m file and snapshot of MathScript Node. The result I got is [50, 60, 70] which should be correct.
Attachments:
myfun.zip ‏1 KB

Completely GUI for Nonlinear control system

Hi,
I am working on nonlinear control system particularly for linearization part.My problem is that i have 4-5 nonlinear equation like that 2*x1^2+3*x1*x2+x3 - 2*u.I want to make GUI in which User chage fully equation with constat,co-efficient.For that i use string and it is working.Linearization is process that gives us A,B,C,D matrix which use for linear control sysytem.
In Labview Control design toolbox have linearization .vi which solve.But in this make subsystem in simulation loop.which not make fully GUI.I also use mathscript but no command find.
Finlly in MATLAB have command Jacobian,Diff. Is there command in Mathscript for Differentiate equation.
OR how i call .m file in labview if i made code in labview.

If you plan on using a desktop PC for control type applications, then your best option in terms of performance will be with a Real-Time operating system. Windows is not deterministic for many reasons. Determinism involves the ability to respond to an event within a specified amount of time with an acceptable amount of error (jitter). First of all, Windows is not deterministic because it has to service mouse and keyboard events, as well as anti-virus software, automatic updates, etc.
You can, however, convert an existing desktop PC to a Real-Time target with a Real-Time OS and use it for your control type application with the deterministic behavior of PXI, Compact FieldPoint, and other Real-Time targets. Check out this link for more information.
On a side note to a previous reply, using the LabVIEW Real-Time module on Windows XP won't make your application deterministic. Your best bet, as others have noted, is to use the LabVIEW RT Module on an RT OS with good RT programming practices (avoiding memory allocations, etc.).
Jarrod S.
National Instruments

Same EPM Excel Report takes time to open and refresh on 1 system while it opens and refreshes faster on other system

Hi All ,
I am facing an issue where the EPM Excel Templates on SERVER ROOT FOLDER take time to open on 1 system . It also takes great amount of time to REFRESH . While on an another system the same Report opens rather quickly and refreshes also quickly .
Regards,
SHUBHAM

Hi Shubham,
Now day excel problems are due to some MS update. Not sure but have a look at below note.
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Remote System and Remote Key Mapping at a glance

Hi,
I want to discuss the concept of Remote System and Remote Key Mapping.
Remote System is a logical system which is defined in MDM Console for a MDM Repository.
We can define key mapping enabled at each table level.
The key mapping is used to distinguish records at Data Manager after running the Data Import.
Now 1 record can have 1 remote system with two different keys but two different records cannot have same remote system with same remote key. So, Remote key is an unique identifier for record for any remote system for each individual records.
Now whenever we import data from a Remote System, the remote system and remote key are mapped for each individual records. Usually all records have different remote keys.
Now, when syndicating back the record with default remote key is updated in the remote system that is sent by xml file format.
If same record is updated two times from a same remote system, the remote key will be different and the record which is latest contains highest remote key.
Now, I have to look at Data Syndication and Remote key.
I have not done Data Syndication but my concept tell if there is duplicate record with same remote system but different remote keys both will be syndicated back. But if same record have two remote keys for same remote system then only the default remote key is syndicated back.
Regards
Kaushik Banerjee

You are right Kaushik,
I have not done Data Syndication but my concept tell if there is duplicate record with same remote system but different remote keys both will be syndicated back.
Yes, but if they are duplicate, they needs to be merged.
But if same record have two remote keys for same remote system then only the default remote key is syndicated back.
This is after merging. So whichever remote key has tick mark in key mapping option(default) , it will be syndicated back.
Pls refer to these links for better understanding.
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/com.sap.km.cm.docs/library/uuid/80eb6ea5-2a2f-2b10-f68e-bf735a45705f
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/com.sap.km.cm.docs/library/uuid/7051c376-f939-2b10-7da1-c4f8f9eecc8c%0c
Hope this helps,
+ An

Error while creating a support message in satellite system

Hi,
I am facing an error while sending a support message to solman form the satellite system
(( Error Description : Error in Local Message System: Error when opening
an RFC connection Message was Not Created ))
1) I gone through various threads and set the required authorizations like
SAP_SUPPDESK_CREATE and
SAP_SV_FDB_NOTIF_BC_ADMIN ,
SAP_SUPPDESK_ADMIN
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2) I checked the RFC connection and it is working fine.
Anyone pls help me to resolve this issue

hi rohit,
thanks for u r immmediate response
do i have to assign the roles to the user in the satellite system or the solman.
some roles in those 4 roles are not in the satellite system.
thanks
Rahul

System Image Restore in Window 8.1

I have not been able to find a data migration application that works at cloning a Windows 8.1 hard drive to a new SSD. With that in mind I want to go about moving the contents, data and operating system from my working C: to a new SSD. I want
to go about it as if I have backed up my system, my C: drive has failed so I need to install a new drive and restore my data and operating system to the new drive. I can't seem to find any simple (this should be simple) straight forward way to do this
nor can I find any form of written instruction on how to go about this.
I would love to have someone articulate this. As it stands I have a fully operational intact C drive. I have completed a disk image to a second separate hard drive. I now want to restore that content to a third (SSD ) drive.
Where do I begin?

There is a system backup tool called System Image Backup, follow these steps to conduct this:
Swipe in from the right edge of the screen, and then tap Search.
(If you're using a mouse, point to the upper-right corner of the screen, move the mouse pointer down, and then click Search.)
Enter File History in the search box, tap or click File History, and then click System Image Backup at the left part.
See the screenshot as below, you can backup it on local machine or a DVD or a network share folder:
Besides, I need to point out that this backup method will generate a vhd file, if you want to restore the system you need an DVD installation midia.
You cannot just restore a vhd file directly to the hard drive.
regards
v-yamliu

Nonlinear system

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