Oracle SGA sizing

Hi,
I have an oracle rac 10g with 4 nodes on linux and each node has 12G RAM memory. my current SGA sizing from pfile looks like this, I need suggestions to change values to have better performance...
racdb2.__db_cache_size=2080374784
racdb3.__db_cache_size=2214592512
racdb4.__db_cache_size=5620367360
racdb1.__db_cache_size=2818572288
racdb2.__java_pool_size=16777216
racdb3.__java_pool_size=16777216
racdb1.__java_pool_size=67108864
racdb4.__java_pool_size=67108864
racdb1.__large_pool_size=16777216
racdb2.__large_pool_size=16777216
racdb3.__large_pool_size=16777216
racdb4.__large_pool_size=16777216
racdb2.__shared_pool_size=5737807872
racdb3.__shared_pool_size=5603590144
racdb4.__shared_pool_size=2147483648
racdb1.__shared_pool_size=4932501504
racdb1.__streams_pool_size=16777216
racdb2.__streams_pool_size=0
racdb3.__streams_pool_size=0
racdb4.__streams_pool_size=0

SQL> select * from v$sga_target_advice;
  SGA_SIZE SGA_SIZE_FACTOR ESTD_DB_TIME ESTD_DB_TIME_FACTOR ESTD_PHYSICAL_READS
       268           1         471             1            37727
       134          .5       10732          22.7856            54293
       201            .75         498           1.0573            43363
       536           2         435            .9236            29420
       402            1.5         435            .9236            29420
       469           1.75         435            .9236            29420
       335           1.25         442            .9384            31046
7 rows selected.

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    [Select to hide information] Hide
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         Period Duration (minutes)          60.2
         Task Owner          SYS
         Task Name          ADDM:1511773678_1_28498
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    Recommendations
    Show All Details | Hide All Details
    Details     Category     Benefit (%) [Sorted in descending order]
    [Select to hide information] Hide
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  • Windows 32bit OS 에서 Oracle Memory Sizing

    제품 : Database
    작성날짜 : 2007-12-21
    PURPOSE
    Windows 32bit OS 메모리 제약과 Oracle 에서 추가메모리 사용하도록 설정하는 방법을 설명한다.
    CONTENTS
    1. Windows 32bit 메모리 확장 관련 용어들
    2. Windows 32bit 메모리 확장 설정 방법
    3. AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY 파라미터 산정
    4. Windows 에서 Oracle 메모리 사용량 모니터링
    5. Windows 에서 Oracle 메모리 사용량 줄이는 방법
    EXPLANATIONS
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    - /3GB
    Windows 32bit OS 에서 메모리 어드레싱은 4GB 까지 가능하고, 이 중 2GB 는 커널이 사용하고
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    예를들어 Oracle 은 가상 메모리 2GB 영역 (/3GB 사용하면 3GB) 내에 포인터 테이블(window)만
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    - AWE (Address Windowing Extensions) & Oracle 구현방식
    AWE 는 PAE 기능을 사용하도록 어플리케이션에 제공된 API 이다.
    AWE API 를 사용한 오라클 버젼들은 아래와 같다.
    * Oracle 8.1.6.x
    * Oracle 8.1.7.x
    * Oracle 9.2.x
    * Oracle 10.1.x
    * Oracle 10.2.x
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    영역만 3GB 이상의 "별도 메모리 영역"에 지정할 수 있다. 오라클에서 AWE 를 사용하면 BUFFER CACHE
    사용시 포인터 테이블과 실제 BUFFER CACHE 가 있는 별도 메모리 영역과의 mapping & unmapping
    과정이 추가되므로 기본적인 처리보다 느릴 수 있지만, 적어도 IO 을 줄일 수 있기 때문에
    IO 느린 시스템에서는 성능 향상을 기대할 수 있다.
    2. Windows 32bit 메모리 확장 설정 방법
    - boot.ini 에 /3GB /PAE option 을 추가
    multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINNT="Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server" /3GB /PAE
    - 오라클 서비스 실행하는 OS USER 에 "Lock memory pages"의 권한 부여
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    . Add the appropriate user and click 'Ok'.
    . Restart the OracleService<SID>
    - 포인터 테이블 (window) 크기 지정하는 AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY 를 레지스트리 추가
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    - init.ora 에 USE_INDIRECT_DATA_BUFFERS=TRUE 추가하고 DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS 로 BUFFER CACHE 크기 설정
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    ORA-00385: cannot enable Very Large Memory with new buffer cache parameters
    - Oracle10g 에서는 SGA_TARGET=0 설정하여 Automatic Memory Management 를 disable 해야한다.
    3. AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY 크기 계산 방법
    (1) 기본값 : AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY = 1GB
    /PAE /3GB 를 지정해도 아래 메모리들의 총합은 3GB 내에 들어와야한다.
    - AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY
    - BUFFER CACHE 제외한 SGA (shared_pool, large_pool, java_pool, log_buffers ...)
    - Overhead for Oracle.exe DLLs (100MB 정도)
    - Stack space per thread (1MB/thread)
    - PGA and UGA
    결국 BUFFER CACHE 최대 크기는 OS 메모리 - 4GB + AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY 로 산정된다.
    (여기서 4GB는 Oracle이 사용하는 3GB와 OS에서 사용하는 1GB의 합. 결국 이 영역을 제외한 나머지 영역에 buffer cache를 지정하여 사용할 수 있다.)
    예를들어 12GB RAM 시스템에서 최대 BUFFER CACHE 크기= (Total RAM - 4GB + AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY) = 12GB - 4GB + 1GB = 9GB 이다.
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    Oracle9i R2 부터 최소값보다 작게 설정하면 DB 기동시 에러들이 발생한다.
    ORA-27102 out of memory
    OSD-00034 Message 34 not found; Product=RDBMS;facility =SOSD
    O/S Error: (OS 8) Not enough storage is available to process this command
    AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY 최소값 계산 공식
    a. MIN(AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY)= (4096 * DB_BLOCK_SIZE * DBBLOCK_LRU_LATCHES)/8
    b. DBBLOCK_LRU_LATCHES = (Max buffer pools * SETS_PER_POOL)
    c. Max Buffer Pools = 8 (상수)
    d. SETS_PER_POOL /* USE_INDIRECT_DATA_BUFFERS=TRUE 로 VLM ENABLED */
    SETS_PER_POOL = 2*CPU_COUNT (if VLM is enabled)
    SETS_PER_POOL = CPU Count/2 (if VLM is NOT enabled)
    시나리오 #1:
    # of CPU's = 8
    DB_BLOCK_SIZE = 8192
    Total RAM = 8GB
    SETS_PER_POOL = 2 * CPU_COUNT = 16
    DBBLOCK_LRU_LATCHES = (max buffer Pools * sets_per_pool) = 8*16 = 128
    MIN(AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY) = (4096*DB_BLOCK_SIZE * DBBLOCK_LRU_LATCHES) / 8
    = (4096 * 8192 * 128) / 8 = 536870912 bytes = 512 MB
    시나리오 #2:
    # of CPU's = 16
    DB_BLOCK_SIZE = 8192
    Total RAM = 16 GB
    SETS_PER_POOL = 2 * CPU_COUNT = 32
    DBBLOCK_LRU_LATCHES = (max buffer Pools * sets_per_pool) = 8*32 = 256
    MIN(AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY) = (4096*DB_BLOCK_SIZE * DBBLOCK_LRU_LATCHES) / 8
    = ( 4096 * 8192 * 256) / 8 = 1073741824 bytes = 1024 MB
    주의 !!!
    1. ORA-27102 는 AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY 최소값 이하일때도 발생하지만, BUFFER CACHE 가
    실제 메모리보다 크게 지정된 경우에도 발생한다.
    2. ORA-27102 는 DB_BLOCK_BUFFER < AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY 일때도 발생한다.
    3. AWE_WINDOW_MEMORY 설정값은 "계산된 최소값 + 10 MB (overhead)" 으로 설정해야한다.
    4. Hyperthreading enabled 시스템의 경우 # of CPU's 를 두배로 계산해야한다.
    4. Windows 에서 Oracle 메모리 사용량 모니터링
    TASK MANAGER 에서 VM 값은 정확하지 않으므로 관리도구에서 별도 모니터링해야한다.
    관리도구 => Perfomance 선택 => "추가" => 성능개체:Process, Count:Virtual Bytes, Instance:oracle.exe 선택
    5. Windows 에서 Oracle 메모리 사용량 줄이는 방법
    (1) Oracle 실행파일 스택 크기 조정
    Thread 들이 미리 1MB 스택을 PGA 로 선점하고 필요하게 되면 더 확장해서 사용하는데
    대부분들의 Thread 들은 초기 스택도 사용하지 않는 경우가 많다.
    아래처럼 default=1 MB 를 500 KB로 줄일 수 있다.
    . DB 내린 후 ORACLE_HOME/bin 에서 수행
    C:\OH\bin> orastack oracle.exe 500000
    C:\OH\bin> orastack tnslsnr.exe 500000
    C:\OH\bin> orastack svrmgrl.exe 500000
    (2) Shared Server (pre-Oracle9i 는 MTS 설정) 사용: 세션들이 메모리를 공유하므로 Oracle 프로세스 전체적인 메모리를 줄일 수 있다.
    References
    Note 225349.1 - Implementing Address Windowing Extensions (AWE) or VLM on Windows Platforms
    Note.205089.1 - Oracle and Hyperthreading

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    I'm sure this is not a problem 64bit versus 32bit.
    Werner

  • ORACLE SGA size

    We bought a server for oracle data warehousing which has got 200GB RAM. Can I set set my SGA_TARGET to 100GB. Is it true the more SGA size result in better performance.
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    Hi Jeevan,
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  • Oracle SGA MEMEORY SETTINGS , SGA_TRAGET , SGA_MAX_SIZE

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    Hi sb92075,
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    =============================
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      OAS_REPPACK.L2NAME,
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