Packaging of EAR / WAR / EJB-JAR

Hello,
I have a big application to do.
So, one solution should be to use an EAR for one
module, containing the WAR for the web-tier and the
EJB-JAR for the business-tier.
It would be better doing like this than creating a
big WAR, in order to avoid to deploy a big WAR when a
modification is done in one module.Are you using local EJBs or remote EJBs? The only way for a war to talk to a local EJB is to package the war along with the ejb-jar in an EAR file because they need to be collocated. You can not simply bundle EJB classes in a war file.
If you are using remte EJBs, then you can package the EJB client view classes along with the servlets and JSPs in the war file and deploy the war separately. But again your war will be one big war.
If your EJBs are just entity beans, then Java EE 5 (see http://weblogs.java.net/blog/ss141213/archive/2005/12/using_java_pers.html) allows you some nice options.
>
What about the problem of the session ?
In fact, I have to declare a context-root for one
EAR.
And at each context-root is created an object
HttpSession on the server.
So, I have some questions about this :
- How can I configure my WARs in order to use only
one HttpSession object for every WARs ?
There is no standard way to do this. Relying on any application server specific feature can only make your app non-portable. So I strongly recommend you not to do this.
- Can I put multiple WARs in one EAR ?Of course you can.
If yes, what about the context-root ? This solution would resolve
the session problem.Can't be solved using any standard way. So I suggest you stick to one big war, if that's what your business requirement is.To speed up development-deployment-test cycle, any appserver allows a rapid deployment option where in you can deploy incremental changes to server. Use this facility during development. DON'T sacrifice portability of your app by using any product specific configuration that you may not find any where else.
Thanks,
Sahoo

Similar Messages

Ears, wars, support jars, and CLASSPATH

I am trying to migrate an application from WLS 5.1 to 6.1. There are 25
EJB jars with an equal number of support jars, most of which are referenced
by multiple EJBs. There are also a large number of jsps, and html pages.
I have tried packaging an ear that contains the 25 ejb jars, a war file
containing the web pages. I have attempted to include the support jars in
the ear as well.
In all attempts, the only way I get class references sastisfied is to
include all the jars on the system CLASSPATH. But this defeats the purpose
of packaging, since none of the components referenced in the system
CLASSPATH will be re-deployable.
The online documents refer to separate class loaders and classpaths for the
war and ejbs, but no detail as to how classes are found by the loaders.
Unless I put all the jars into the CLASSPATH, jsp pages cannot reference the
EJBs, and EJBs are unable to reference other EJBs.

Thanks,
Now if I could just get Webgain Visual Cafe to allow me to include the
Classpath entries in the generated manifests for the EJB jars.
"Gregory Gerard" <[email protected]> wrote in message
news:3ba24da1$[email protected]..
You need to mangle all the Manifest files within the EAR and EJB-JARs and
WAR to get the right thing to happen. Check out this PDF on Sun's site:
http://java.sun.com/j2ee/j2ee-1_3-pfd4-spec.pdf
section 8.1.1.2
I don't entirely understand all the restrictions and formatting -- Ihaven't
found an example ear file out there that implements a non-trivial case.
greg
"Carl Lawstuen" <[email protected]> wrote in message
news:3ba21d8e$[email protected]..
I am trying to migrate an application from WLS 5.1 to 6.1. There are
25
EJB jars with an equal number of support jars, most of which arereferenced
by multiple EJBs. There are also a large number of jsps, and htmlpages.
I have tried packaging an ear that contains the 25 ejb jars, a war file
containing the web pages. I have attempted to include the support jarsin
the ear as well.
In all attempts, the only way I get class references sastisfied is to
include all the jars on the system CLASSPATH. But this defeats thepurpose
of packaging, since none of the components referenced in the system
CLASSPATH will be re-deployable.
The online documents refer to separate class loaders and classpaths forthe
war and ejbs, but no detail as to how classes are found by the loaders.
Unless I put all the jars into the CLASSPATH, jsp pages cannot referencethe
EJBs, and EJBs are unable to reference other EJBs.

Are JDev autogenerated paths needed to create ear, war and jar files ?

Hi
We want to create ear, war and jar files from Ant build script generated from JDeveloper 11.1.1.7.
We also like to use ojdeploy with it.
In the process of creating build.xml files from projects, we see these paths.
We also have standalone Weblogic installed with ADF runtime 11.1.1.7
Questions:
1- Do we need these path ids to generate ear, jar, war files properly and then deploy the ear to our standalone Weblogic so that our webapp can run ok ?
2- Why are they generated, if they are not needed
From research, it appears that we don't need these paths except to keep ant targets of init, compile, exec etc with ojdeploy.
3- Is that true ?
We are afraid that because no paths are listed in the build.xml, then when we deploy the ear app, it cant use the ADF runtime on the standalone WLS.
Thanks in advance for answering.
Sincerely
eg of paths generated below:
<path id="library.SOA.Designtime"/>
<path id="library.SOA.Runtime"/>
<path id="library.BPEL.Runtime"/>
<path id="library.Mediator.Runtime"/>
<path id="library.MDS.Runtime">
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/oracle_common/modules/oracle.mds_11.1.1/mdsrt.jar"/>
</path>
<path id="library.BC4J.Service.Runtime">
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/oracle_common/modules/oracle.adf.model_11.1.1/adfbcsvc.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/oracle_common/modules/oracle.adf.model_11.1.1/adfbcsvc-share.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/oracle_common/modules/commonj.sdo_2.1.0.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/modules/org.eclipse.persistence_1.1.0.0_2-1.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/oracle_common/modules/oracle.webservices_11.1.1/wsclient.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/oracle_common/modules/oracle.web-common_11.1.1.jar"/>
</path>
<path id="library.TopLink">
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/modules/com.oracle.toplink_1.0.0.0_11-1-1-5-0.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/modules/org.eclipse.persistence_1.1.0.0_2-1.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/modules/com.bea.core.antlr.runtime_2.7.7.jar"/>
    <pathelement location="{oracle.middleware}/modules/javax.persistence_1.0.0.0_2-0-0.jar"/>
</path>
<path id="library.Oracle.Rules"/>
<path id="classpath">
    <path refid="library.SOA.Designtime"/>
    <path refid="library.SOA.Runtime"/>
    <path refid="library.BPEL.Runtime"/>
    <path refid="library.Mediator.Runtime"/>
    <path refid="library.MDS.Runtime"/>
    <path refid="library.BC4J.Service.Runtime"/>
    <path refid="library.TopLink"/>
    <path refid="library.Oracle.Rules"/>
</path>

There are two different things here. Using ant to build the class files and then building an ear from the class files and other resources.
The building part needs the libraries if you use javac as compiler. Building an ear file only needs the path to the jar files which are packed into the ear.
In this sense you need the pages you see in the build.xml.
Then Jdev offers another way: ojdeploy. This tool is a Jdev without a gui.
You can use this tool and build the classes for each project of a workspace and to build build war and ear file. This is just like you click the rebuild button for each project and then the deploy the projects and application. If you use this approach you don't need the generated path ids as the whole build process is done inside Jdev as it's done on your developer pc.
Timo

Classloading [EAR] - [webapp.war+ejb.jar]

Hi.
I've got a problem with the classloader hierarchy in WL 6.0.
When I deploy my war/ejb application as an EAR, everything works fine.
But I want (for several reasons) to deploy
EJB jars and WebApp wars (or exploded Web Apps) seperately.
WL 6.0 EJB classloader doesn't export remote/home interfaces and
helper classes,
so my web app can't find them.
When I include that interfaces/classes in my Web App, I get
occasionally ClassCastExceptions (I assume depending on classloader
caching).
Is there a way to configure the classloader hierarchy, or do you have
any other solution for this?
Thanks,
Roman

Hello,
I have a big application to do.
So, one solution should be to use an EAR for one
module, containing the WAR for the web-tier and the
EJB-JAR for the business-tier.
It would be better doing like this than creating a
big WAR, in order to avoid to deploy a big WAR when a
modification is done in one module.Are you using local EJBs or remote EJBs? The only way for a war to talk to a local EJB is to package the war along with the ejb-jar in an EAR file because they need to be collocated. You can not simply bundle EJB classes in a war file.
If you are using remte EJBs, then you can package the EJB client view classes along with the servlets and JSPs in the war file and deploy the war separately. But again your war will be one big war.
If your EJBs are just entity beans, then Java EE 5 (see http://weblogs.java.net/blog/ss141213/archive/2005/12/using_java_pers.html) allows you some nice options.
>
What about the problem of the session ?
In fact, I have to declare a context-root for one
EAR.
And at each context-root is created an object
HttpSession on the server.
So, I have some questions about this :
- How can I configure my WARs in order to use only
one HttpSession object for every WARs ?
There is no standard way to do this. Relying on any application server specific feature can only make your app non-portable. So I strongly recommend you not to do this.
- Can I put multiple WARs in one EAR ?Of course you can.
If yes, what about the context-root ? This solution would resolve
the session problem.Can't be solved using any standard way. So I suggest you stick to one big war, if that's what your business requirement is.To speed up development-deployment-test cycle, any appserver allows a rapid deployment option where in you can deploy incremental changes to server. Use this facility during development. DON'T sacrifice portability of your app by using any product specific configuration that you may not find any where else.
Thanks,
Sahoo

Migrate wls 5.1 war/ejb .jar to 6.0

Accidentially, I put this posting in an old thread. Let me create a new
thread and ask agian.
Basically, I want to clarify the directory structure.
I have an application with the following directory structure in WLS 5.1
web application:
c:\weblogic\myserver\app1\*.jsp
c:\weblogic\myserver\app1\web-inf\classess\*.class for servlet class
c:\weblogic\myserver\app1\web-inf\web.xml
ejb jar files
c:\weblogic\myserver\ejbarchive\*.jar for all ejb .jar files
utilty class shared by ejb and servelet.
c:\weblogic\myserver\serverclasses\*.class for all utility class
Question 1: So now what should be the directory structure for the above
application in the expanded directory format.
say my directory for the app1 starts with:
c:\bea\wlserver6.0\config\mydomain\applications\app1
Question 2: what is the .ear format should looks like. Do I need the
"application.xml"? What entry to put in application.xml to include the
utiltiy classes?
Question 3: what will be the structure like if I want the ejb-jar in the
expanded directory also?
Jonathan
ps someone suggests to "jar" the ejb classes with the utility classes.
But I have 10 ejb jar files and don't want to combine the utilities
classes
with one of the ejb files until it is the only solution.

I assume that you mean that you are using EJB CMP Entity Beans with the EJB1.1 API ? If your beans are stable and you're satisfied with their features and performance, then it's fine to leave them alone. The WebLogic CMP2.0 implementation does offer high performance CMP features that are accessible from EJB2.0 CMP beans but not EJB1.1 CMP beans. 'field-groups' is an example, you can selectively pre-load certain fields into beans when they are first read from the database by a finder.
-thorick

Ear, war and jar question.

Hi Communtiy,
Can I split an ear file to a war file on one computer and to a jar file on an other computer, or doesnt it makes sense.
Thanks
Oliver.

we can....I am not sure in which circumstances you need this.
There are no structural differences between the files; they are all archived using zip/jar compression. However, they are intended for different purposes.
Jar files (files with a .jar extension) are intended to hold generic libraries of Java classes, resources, auxiliary files, etc.
War files (files with a .war extension) are intended to contain complete Web applications. In this context, a Web application is defined as a single group of files, classes, resources, .jar files that can be packaged and accessed as one servlet context.

How to structure a JSF application (EAR/WAR/JAR)

Hi All,
How do you recommend I should structure a JSF application in terms of EARs, WARs and JARs?
Let me set the context for you: I have a fairly large project which consists of a number of sub components. Each of these sub components are JSF applications in the sense that they have JSF pages connected to each other. So, for instance, I have a company management sub component and a product management subcomponent. Most of these sub components share some Java libraries and/or entities.
Because of this I decided to have each sub component contained in its own WAR, with no universal libraries in its lib folder, and to then add these WARs to an EAR with all the library JARs in the EAR's lib folder, as so:
EAR
   |_ component1.WAR
   |_ component2.WAR
   |_ lib
         |_ sharedlib1.JAR
         |_ sharedlib2.JARUnfortunately I'm having more problems than I hoped I would with JSF with this setup. An alternative I have is to create one gigantic WAR which contains all the library archives and then to only deploy this WAR. Although this would probably work, it destroys the nice seperation I had between sub components, where I could for instance just remove the one WAR from the EAR if it was giving problems. That structure would look something like this:
WAR
   |_ <WebContent>
   |_ WEB-INF
             |_ classes
                       |_ <JSF classes>
             |_ lib
                    |_ sharedlib1.JAR
                    |_ sharedlib2.JARFinally, I have a third option where I add all the libraries required by a WAR to its lib folder and I have no shared libraries in the EAR's lib folder. The disadvantages are of course that the EAR will be huge as JARs get duplicated unnecessarily, and I'm not sure that this won't cause conflicts. The structure would look like this:
EAR
   |_ component1.WAR
                    |_ WEB-INF
                              |_ lib
                                    |_ sharedlib1.JAR
                                    |_ sharedlib2.JAR
   |_ component2.WAR
                    |_ WEB-INF
                              |_ lib
                                    |_ sharedlib1.JAR
                                    |_ sharedlib2.JARI believe the first way to be the best, but I'm struggling getting JSF to work like I expect (see [http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=5288069|http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=5288069] ). What are your suggestions?
Thank you,
Ristretto

Dear hiwa,
thank you very much for your response. I have had a look into the book and found out that it provides indeed half of the solution i need. Now I can generate a JSF response to my non-JSF request which has been issued by the main application.
Unfortunately this is only the first half of the solution, because the JSF framework of the child application will still render URIs into HTML-forms (e.g. for the <f:view>) that point to the faces servlet and not to the non-JSF servlet of the main application.
I'll try to solve this problem by providing my own ViewHandler that provides other URIs. But I still don't know how to encode the view ID into the generated HTML-form as a hidden field.
After all, I am really surprised at how difficult it is to integrate the JSF framework into a non-JSF application. I don't think this is a very uncommon scenario. In my case, we integrate into an existing large application of our customer in order to extend his application with our product. I would expect this to work out of the box with JSF (sigh).
I will post my progress in this matter if I found some interesting solution.
Bye, Marcus

Deploying EAR and EJB (ClassLoader Question)

Hi,
Have a few queries. Appreciate any quick answers.
(a) To deploy a EAR or EJB jar to WebLogic server, is it necessary to include the jar location specifically in $CLASSPATH?
I think not. Am I correct?
(b) Is the bean/EAR deployed at module level? Is there a setting for this - is it at bean deployment descriptor? Where can I find this?
If (say) I need to update an EJB, do I un-deploy, update and re-deploy it?
Or must I restart the entire WLS container?

--> An EAR includes one or more EJB files. You don't need to specify the location because it's contained at application.xml file inside the EAR.
--> Each bean has a deployment descriptor. You can see it at META-INF directory
If you need to update an EJB (that it is not part of and EAR), you are right.
The WLS container not need to be restarted.
Jin

How to access ejb jar in ear package from other war web package?

How to access ejb in jar packed in ear package from other war web package?

Typically you would just look the EJB Home up in JNDI. If you're
looking for example code, the medrec example in WLS 8.1 or petstore has
plenty of webapps calling EJBs.
-- Rob
CottonXu wrote:
How to access ejb in jar packed in ear package from other war web package?

Ear or war or jar not created

1. when I build the examples, it builds the class files but does not create
ear or war files....
2. how do I stop the default service and run the example server... the
beasvc is not in the service list...... just have to kill in the task
manager??
Thx

Java ARchive (JAR) files contain Java classes and Enterprise JavaBeans.
Web Application Archive (WAR) files contain servlet Java code, libraries used by the servlets and possibly static content such as HTML files and JPEGs.
Enterprise Application Archive (EAR) files contain JAR files (EJBs) and WAR files (Servlets).
I hope that answers your question. :)
For more detailed information have a look at the Enterprise JavaBeans Specification and the Servlet Specification:
http://java.sun.com/products/ejb/docs.html
http://java.sun.com/products/servlet/2.2/

List the contents of jar, ear, war files

Hi All,
It has been several years since I have worked in java and now I am trying to get caught back up :-).
My question is: Is there a standard utility that can dump/list the contents of the packaging files: jar, ear, war?
Thanks in advance!

You can use winzip. OR you can use the jar command provided in JDK.
jar -tvf <<your archive (jar, war, ear)>>

Putting unix utility visible version info into ear, war, jar files?

I would like to be able to use some unix utility (or java itself without a separate program) to display my version information for jar-like artifacts: ear, war, jar.
In other words, when I build one of these things, I'd like to put my SVN version, date, user name, and maybe some other stuff into it in a way that can be read without a custom program. This needs to be done as part of the ant build (without requiring a custom java program).
For example, one approach would be "strings | grep <special-string>" if I could put something, somewhere in the file that had this as 8-bit character encoding.
For jars, making the jar executable and having the main print it out works, but I don't think that's do-able for ears and wars, and it would be desirable to have a consistent approach.
Anyone already doing this?
Ideas?

For example, I don't think you can specify a mainline in the manifest of an ear or war.
They have pretty strictly defined formats, and I don't want to risk violating a standard by tinkering outside the standard.Possible, but you can always run it as java -cp myWar.war my.utility.Version.
There may be another possibility, but I'm unable to find any reference though:
In my early Java days, I used to work on a system where there was a Unix utility (called something like +"ident"+) that was able to extract version and description info stuffed in a .so file (under which "standard" or proprietary format was the info stored, I don't know).
I used to see it work on individual Java .class files too (from memory we had to put a String constant name "VERSION" in the class) and maybe jar files (I'm unsure).
One of my co-workers at that time had described that as a standard tool, but "ident" turns up nothing of that kind on Google... And I've never since encountered any description of the "VERSION" constant naming convention...
I was young and naive, I hope I were not bluffed by some alias in a custom setup... :o(
Edited by: jduprez on Feb 18, 2010 11:30 AM
OK a bit more reserah turned up [that man page|http://man-wiki.net/index.php/1:ident]. Apparently ident is part of RCS (installed along with CVS), and works by grepping the target file for patterns such as "$keyword: text $" (which is RCS/CVS keyword substitution pattern). Now that it mentions it, I remeber that that's what we put into our VERSION constant's value ("$version : ...$", or something of that kind).
So:
1) it's not so standard after all, you have to install the rcs package on the target host (regardless of whether you use RCS for configuration management, which would probably be a bad idea nowadays)
2) you have to put such formatted strings somewhere in your code or configuration files (easy with Ant, if not genuinely through Subversion)
3) To have it work on jar, war, ear, files, you have to make sure that the file is not compressed (otherwise the pattern might not appear in clear). I don't know whether that's easy to configure using Ant's jar, war, ear tasks.
A bit of a hassle compared to stuffing your own utility class and using java -cp...

EAR has WAR has JAR in WEB-INF\lib NoClassDefFoundError

What a nightmare.
I found approximately 40 forums on this topic (and there are probably more), but noone has the definitive answer!
Here's the problem....
My servlet uses a utility class that resides in some other jar. That jar is then placed into the WEB-INF\lib directory of the WAR which in turn goes into the EAR. This is supposed to be all that is needed in order for the utility class to be found on the classpath.
In fact, if you run the war in Tomcat as a standalone WAR it does in fact find it.... its when in an EAR deloployed to app server that the problem arises.
I have had no luck with using any combination of putting the jar ANYWHERE in the EAR or WAR no matter if I specify the Class-Path: in the manifest(s) or not.
I thought maybe that I was missing some config in the application.xml or web.xml but I couldn't find anything to support that.
Maybe its dependent on the app server? I am using Orion, but the same problem can be found on J2EE RI release 1.3
Work arounds:
1. Simply put the utility jar in the lib directory of the server you're using
2. Add an ejb module to the application.xml naming the utility jar as the ejb jar. Of course this is NOT an EJB jar and error messages/warnings will appear accordingly, but on Orion at least, it will load the classes needed... hooray!!
Anyone got a definitive answer?

What did you do to resolve this issue .. I'm having the exact same problem.
What a nightmare.
I found approximately 40 forums on this topic (and
there are probably more), but noone has the definitive
answer!
Here's the problem....
My servlet uses a utility class that resides in some
other jar. That jar is then placed into the
WEB-INF\lib directory of the WAR which in turn goes
into the EAR. This is supposed to be all that is
needed in order for the utility class to be found on
the classpath.
In fact, if you run the war in Tomcat as a standalone
WAR it does in fact find it.... its when in an EAR
deloployed to app server that the problem arises.
I have had no luck with using any combination of
putting the jar ANYWHERE in the EAR or WAR no matter
if I specify the Class-Path: in the manifest(s) or
not.
I thought maybe that I was missing some config in the
application.xml or web.xml but I couldn't find
anything to support that.
Maybe its dependent on the app server? I am using
Orion, but the same problem can be found on J2EE RI
release 1.3
Work arounds:
1. Simply put the utility jar in the lib directory of
the server you're using
2. Add an ejb module to the application.xml naming the
utility jar as the ejb jar. Of course this is NOT an
EJB jar and error messages/warnings will appear
accordingly, but on Orion at least, it will load the
classes needed... hooray!!
Anyone got a definitive answer?

How to deploy ear file with jar file and war file with different names

Hi,
As part of weblogic migration from WL 6.1 sp3 to WL 10, Iam facing some problem.
Problem:
I have one ear file(abc.ear) to deploy which contains one jar file(xyz.jar) and one war file(pqr.war).
In config.xml file of WL 6.1, it was mentioned as :
<Application Deployed="true" Name="abc" Path="./config/mydomain/applications/abc.ear">
<EJBComponent Name="xyz" Targets="myserver" URI="xyz.jar"/>
<WebAppComponent Name="pqr" Targets="myserver" URI="pqr.war"/>
</Application>.
The above is working fine.
But in config.xml file WL10,I cannot mention the same.
I need to have different application anmes for ear,jar and war.If I deploy as a ear file,the jar and war files are deployed with the same ear file name.
I tried the following options:
1) Deploying as a ear file by adding <sub-deployments>
2) Deploying both war and jar seperately which is not recommended in my application.
Please provide the content I should place in the config.xml so that everything works fine correctly.
Any help is appreciated.

Hi,
As part of weblogic migration from WL 6.1 sp3 to WL 10, Iam facing some problem.
Problem:
I have one ear file(abc.ear) to deploy which contains one jar file(xyz.jar) and one war file(pqr.war).
In config.xml file of WL 6.1, it was mentioned as :
<Application Deployed="true" Name="abc" Path="./config/mydomain/applications/abc.ear">
<EJBComponent Name="xyz" Targets="myserver" URI="xyz.jar"/>
<WebAppComponent Name="pqr" Targets="myserver" URI="pqr.war"/>
</Application>.
The above is working fine.
But in config.xml file WL10,I cannot mention the same.
I need to have different application anmes for ear,jar and war.If I deploy as a ear file,the jar and war files are deployed with the same ear file name.
I tried the following options:
1) Deploying as a ear file by adding <sub-deployments>
2) Deploying both war and jar seperately which is not recommended in my application.
Please provide the content I should place in the config.xml so that everything works fine correctly.
Any help is appreciated.

Add ejb.jar as a module into ear using jdeveloper

hi all,
i have problem with ejb.jar file.
i want to add one ejb.jar module into jdeveloper application.
I means i want to add into ear as dependencies.
right now, I can only add jpr project as dependencies.
Unfortunately my ejb.jar dont have source file.
how can we achieve this?
With Regards,
WP

OK, here is a working solution which I finally found myself:
1. register the ejb references in the consuming web application manually (in web.xml)
2. add the interfaces jar to the app APP-INF/lib file group (Application Libraries)
3. add a new file group for libraries and add the ejb jar library (should be among the dependencies of some project to be available)
4. the path in ear field should be empty so the ejb jar goes into root, but JDeveloper (11.1.1.4-6) in it's amazing helpfulness fills in lib all the time if field left empty: so edit the .jws xml directy and enter v="" in the according element and make sure to check if still empty whenever editing the profile

Packaging of EAR / WAR / EJB-JAR

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