Race free code?

Question

I recently saw a reference to the term "race free code", but I've been unable to get a good description of what it means. The more perceptive amongst you will be able to guess my question by now... so why are elephants greyish? (And while answering that, could someone also explain what "race free" means.)

Answer 1

Imagine you have an instance variable called count:
++count;
System.out.println(count); If multiple threads run this code then you have a potential race condition. I.e. thread 1 increments the count to 1 but before it calls println thread 2 increments the count again to 2. The result is that both threads print 2.
To make the code "race free" you could synchronize it:
synchronized(this) {
  tempCount = ++count;
System.out.println(tempCount); Now thread 1 will correctly print 1 and thread 2 will print 2.