Re: BAPI uploading data

Question

Hi  Experts,
       I want to how exactly BAPI's are used as interfaces and for data transfering . Please provide me example codes for uploadinfg data into r/3 using BAPI's.
Thanks in advance.
Points will be awrded surely.
Rgds
Umakanth

Answer 1

Hi umakanth  ,
A BAPI is defined as a method of an SAP Business Object.
To use a BAPI method, an application program only needs to know how to call the method; that is, it needs to know the method's interface definition. A BAPI interface is defined by:
Import parameters
Export parameters
Import/export (table) parameters
The BAPIs in the R/3 System are currently implemented as function modules, all of which are held in the Function Builder. Each function module underlying a BAPI:
· Supports the Remote Function Call (RFC) protocol
· Has been assigned as a method to an SAP Business Object in the BOR
· Is processed without returning any screen dialogs to the calling application
steps involved in BAPI
In the application hierarchy of the BAPI Browser you can display all the SAP business object types for which BAPIs have been implemented:
Tools ->Business Framework -> BAPI Browser : BAPI45.
Expand the nodes and the subordinate nodes of one of the application components
To open an object type, double-click on it.
To display a list of the key fields of the object, expand the node Key fields
To display a list of the BAPIs available for this SAP business object type, expand the node Methods
To display the parameters of a BAPI, expand the node for the BAPI and then the Parameters node
Eg Program:
BAPI_GOODSMVT_CREATE to post Goods Movement
The following is an abap program making used of the BAPI function BAPI_GOODSMVT_CREATE to do Goods Receipts for Purchase Order after importing the data from an external system.
* BAPI TO Upload Inventory Data
* GMCODE Table T158G - 01 - MB01 - Goods Receipts for Purchase Order
*                      02 - MB31 - Goods Receipts for Prod Order
*                      03 - MB1A - Goods Issue
*                      04 - MB1B - Transfer Posting
*                      05 - MB1C - Enter Other Goods Receipt
*                      06 - MB11
* Domain: KZBEW - Movement Indicator
*      Goods movement w/o reference
*  B - Goods movement for purchase order
*  F - Goods movement for production order
*  L - Goods movement for delivery note
*  K - Goods movement for kanban requirement (WM - internal only)
*  O - Subsequent adjustment of "material-provided" consumption
*  W - Subsequent adjustment of proportion/product unit material
report zbapi_goodsmovement.
parameters: p-file like rlgrap-filename default
                                 'c:sapdataTEST.txt'.
parameters: e-file like rlgrap-filename default
                                 'c:sapdatagdsmvterror.txt'.
parameters: xpost like sy-datum default sy-datum.
data: begin of gmhead.
        include structure bapi2017_gm_head_01.
data: end of gmhead.
data: begin of gmcode.
        include structure bapi2017_gm_code.
data: end of gmcode.
data: begin of mthead.
        include structure bapi2017_gm_head_ret.
data: end of mthead.
data: begin of itab occurs 100.
        include structure bapi2017_gm_item_create.
data: end of itab.
data: begin of errmsg occurs 10.
        include structure bapiret2.
data: end of errmsg.
data: wmenge like iseg-menge,
      errflag.
data: begin of pcitab occurs 100,
        ext_doc(10),           "External Document Number
        mvt_type(3),           "Movement Type
        doc_date(8),           "Document Date
        post_date(8),          "Posting Date
        plant(4),              "Plant
        material(18),          "Material Number
        qty(13),               "Quantity
        recv_loc(4),           "Receiving Location
        issue_loc(4),          "Issuing Location
        pur_doc(10),           "Purchase Document No
        po_item(3),            "Purchase Document Item No
        del_no(10),            "Delivery Purchase Order Number
        del_item(3),           "Delivery Item
        prod_doc(10),          "Production Document No
        scrap_reason(10),      "Scrap Reason
        upd_sta(1),            "Update Status
      end of pcitab.
call function 'WS_UPLOAD'
  exporting
    filename                      = p-file
    filetype                      = 'DAT'
* IMPORTING
*   FILELENGTH                    =
  tables
    data_tab                      = pcitab
* EXCEPTIONS
*   FILE_OPEN_ERROR               = 1
*   FILE_READ_ERROR               = 2
*   NO_BATCH                      = 3
*   GUI_REFUSE_FILETRANSFER       = 4
*   INVALID_TYPE                  = 5
*   OTHERS                        = 6
if sy-subrc <> 0.
  message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
          with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
  exit.
endif.
gmhead-pstng_date = sy-datum.
gmhead-doc_date = sy-datum.
gmhead-pr_uname = sy-uname.
gmcode-gm_code = '01'.   "01 - MB01 - Goods Receipts for Purchase Order
loop at pcitab.
  itab-move_type  = pcitab-mvt_type.
  itab-mvt_ind    = 'B'.
  itab-plant      = pcitab-plant.
  itab-material   = pcitab-material.
  itab-entry_qnt  = pcitab-qty.
  itab-move_stloc = pcitab-recv_loc.
  itab-stge_loc   = pcitab-issue_loc.
  itab-po_number  = pcitab-pur_doc.
  itab-po_item    = pcitab-po_item.
  concatenate pcitab-del_no pcitab-del_item into itab-item_text.
  itab-move_reas  = pcitab-scrap_reason.
  append itab.
endloop.
loop at itab.
  write:/ itab-material, itab-plant, itab-stge_loc,
          itab-move_type, itab-entry_qnt, itab-entry_uom,
          itab-entry_uom_iso, itab-po_number, itab-po_item,
                                              pcitab-ext_doc.
endloop.
call function 'BAPI_GOODSMVT_CREATE'
  exporting
    goodsmvt_header             = gmhead
    goodsmvt_code               = gmcode
*   TESTRUN                     = ' '
* IMPORTING
    goodsmvt_headret            = mthead
*   MATERIALDOCUMENT            =
*   MATDOCUMENTYEAR             =
  tables
    goodsmvt_item               = itab
*   GOODSMVT_SERIALNUMBER       =
    return                      = errmsg
clear errflag.
loop at errmsg.
  if errmsg-type eq 'E'.
    write:/'Error in function', errmsg-message.
    errflag = 'X'.
  else.
    write:/ errmsg-message.
  endif.
endloop.
if errflag is initial.
  commit work and wait.
  if sy-subrc ne 0.
    write:/ 'Error in updating'.
    exit.
  else.
    write:/ mthead-mat_doc, mthead-doc_year.
    perform upd_sta.
  endif.
endif.
*       FORM UPD_STA                                                  *
form upd_sta.
  loop at pcitab.
    pcitab-upd_sta = 'X'.
    modify pcitab.
  endloop.
  call function 'WS_DOWNLOAD'
    exporting
      filename                      = p-file
      filetype                      = 'DAT'
* IMPORTING
*   FILELENGTH                    =
    tables
      data_tab                      = pcitab
* EXCEPTIONS
*   FILE_OPEN_ERROR               = 1
*   FILE_READ_ERROR               = 2
*   NO_BATCH                      = 3
*   GUI_REFUSE_FILETRANSFER       = 4
*   INVALID_TYPE                  = 5
*   OTHERS                        = 6
endform.
REWARD POINTS IF HELPFUL
~Lakshmiraj~