Runtime area and work area in PGA

In 10g concept (http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14220/memory.htm#sthref1418) it is written that
"a big portion of the runtime area is dedicated to work areas"
From the above statement we can conclude that runtime area contains work areas.
However in 11g concept (http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e16508/memory.htm#i14490) figure 14-4
it looks like runtime area do not contains work areas.
My question is do runtime area include work areas?
If work areas are not included in the runtime area then where is it located in shared server configuration?

My question is do runtime area include work areas?I guess not. The work areas are the areas which contain the information about the workarea profiles of the operators like group by , sort and so on. These areas are created as and when required. Whereas, the runtime area is a part of the UGA which is going to keep the information about the query's execution status as well as, about the bind variables and so on. So IMO, the answer would be no but given that PGA is a very complex thing, I think you should wait for others also to get included in the thread.
HTH
Aman....

Similar Messages

Difference between Field symbols and work area for Internal tables

Hi,
In ECC versions we all know that we need to declare the internal tables without headerline, and for handling the internal tables we need to use exclusive work areas.
Currently i have an issue that we have been asked to use field symbols instead of work areas...can any one help me how to use the field symbols and also let me know how it will improve the performance of the program..
Thanks and Regards,
Kathir

Hi
DATA: WA TYPE ITAB.
LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
IF WA-FIELD = .....
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.[(code]
FIELD-SYMBOLS <WA> TYPE ANY.
LOOP AT ITAB ASSIGNING <WA>.
ENDLOOP.
Now the problem is you can't know the name of the fields of the table at runtime, so you can't write:
IF <WA>-FIELD = .....
ENDIF.
Anyway you can create a field-symbols strcturated like the table:
[code]FIELD-SYMBOLS <WA> TYPE ITAB.
LOOP AT ITAB ASSIGNING <WA>.
IF <WA>-FIELD = .....
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
I don't know which are the differences for the performance between to use a field-symbol and to use a structure as work-area.
The differnce between the field-symbols and work-area is the field-symbol is assigned directly to the record, so u don't need to do a MODIFY statament to change something:
LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
WA-FIELD =
MODIFY ITAB FROM WA.
ENDLOOP.
LOOP AT ITAB ASSIGNING <WA>.
<WA>-FIELD =
ENDLOOP.
These two pieces of abap code do the same action, so probably the field-symbol improve the performance because it do an access directly to the record without to use an external structure as workarea.
Max

I imported about 300 RAW images yesterday and worked with them for about an hour. iPhoto locked up on me and I rebooted. After I did the event icon is now gray and it says there are no photos. I know the photos are there. Any idea how I can recover them?

I imported about 300 RAW images yesterday and worked with them for about an hour. iPhoto locked up on me and I rebooted. After I did the event icon for that event is now gray and it says there are no photos. I know the photos are there. Any idea how I can recover them?

a best practice to is to never have any computer program (including iPhoto) delete the photos from the card but to import the photos and keep them and then after at least one successful backup cycle has completed and then reformat the card -- I use three very large (32 GB) cards in rotation so I do not reformat for typically a year or more giving me one more long term backup of my photos
Back up your iPhoto library, Depress and hold the option (alt) and command keys and launch iPhoto - rebuild your iPhoto library database
LN

Have CS 5 Installed on my iMac and works ok. But installed on my new MacBook Pro it won't open NEF files from my Nikon D810. Displays NEF icons, but when I try and open them the response is: Make sure latest RAW updates are installed. If problem persists

Have CS 5 Installed on my iMac and works ok. But installed on my new MacBook Pro it won't open NEF files from my Nikon D810. Displays NEF icons, but when I try and open them the response is: Make sure latest RAW updates are installed. If problem persists follow link: http://www.adobe.com/go/kb407111. Have installed Bridge 5.0.2.4; Raw Ref Version 7.0.0.308; DNG converter_8_7_1.dmg; Bridge 5.0.2 Update 2. Also same problem with Lightroom which I don't normally use. Lightroom_3_LS11_mac_3_6.dmg installed.

In the link you posted it states that the Nikon 810 requires ACR 8.6 or newer.
Version of ACR are specific to versions of Photoshop. You cannot use 8.6 nor even 7.0.in CS5.
I believe that ACR 6.7 is the latest that will work with CS5, so make sure you have this installed and get rid of ACR 7.
Having 2 versions of ACR will cause problems.
You have already downloaded DNG Converter 8.7.1.
Have you double clicked the DMG file to allow you to install DNG Converter on your computer?
Be aware that DNG converter is a stand-along application and not a plug-in.
You need to open DNG converter at select the FOLDER that contain your .NEF files.
Don't open the folder and try to select individual files, it doesn't work that way.
After converting your D810 files to DNGs you can then open the DNGs in CS5
The problem is your camera didn't exist when CS5 & its version of ACR was developed.
i don't use Lightroom, but the list mentions Lightroom 5.6 as needed to open D819 so your 3.6 version of LR won't cut it.

What are Azure limitations for Websockets in Cloud Services (web and worker role)?

A WebSocket Server should be built on Azure platform with OnPrem connections and have questions regarding limitations for Websockets in Azure Cloud Services - web and worker roles.
Websockets can be configured for Web Sites and limitations are understood, but Azure Websites is not an option.
Nevertheless it is planned to run a web service (without UI - no web site) as a Cloud service which has secure websocket (WSS) connections to OnPrem machines. Websocket protocol is enabled for IIS8 on Cloud services web and worker roles. Azure Service Bus Relay
is not an option.
Questions:
1) Are Websockets supported for Azure Cloud services web and worker roles? we assume yes
2) What are potential limitations from Azure side to support concurrent Websocket connections? We are aware that CPU, memory etc are limitations, but are there additional limitations from MS Azure side?

Hi,
As I know, azure cloud service web and worker role support Websockets, users can connect to the role via the special endpoint, if we use Azure cloud service, I think we can monitor the metrics such as CPU, memory, etc... and scale our cloud service via these
metrics to keep the websockets working, refer to
http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/cloud-services-how-to-scale/ for more information about how to scale a cloud service.
Regards

The type of the database table and work area (or internal table)...

Hello
I am trying to use a database and select all records from it and store them into an internal table.
My code:
Select * from xixi_dbcurrency into table gt_currency.
The error:
"The type of the database table and work area (or internal table) "GT_CURRENCY" are not Unicode-convertible . . . . . . . . . .     "
Any suggestions?
Thank you

Hi Thomas,
Thank you for your inputs above.
But as you suggested is we use INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE then it resolve the error.
But I have below piece of code:
DATA:    it_new_source TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF _ty_s_sc_1,
              wa_source TYPE _ty_s_sc_1,
              wa_new_source TYPE _ty_s_sc_1,
              ls_target_key TYPE t_target_key.
SELECT * INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE it_new_source
       FROM /bic/afao06pa100
       FOR ALL ENTRIES IN SOURCE_PACKAGE
       where /bic/fcckjobno = SOURCE_PACKAGE-/bic/fcckjobno
       and /bic/fcckjitid = SOURCE_PACKAGE-/bic/fcckjitid.
But since this is reading into corresponding fields of table the data load from one DSO to other DOS is running for long more that 15 hours and still not getting completed and giving dump.
So if I switch the search to below:
SELECT * FROM /bic/afao06pa100
   INTO TABLE it_new_source
       FOR ALL ENTRIES IN SOURCE_PACKAGE
       where /bic/fcckjobno = SOURCE_PACKAGE-/bic/fcckjobno
       and /bic/fcckjitid = SOURCE_PACKAGE-/bic/fcckjitid.
Then I am getting below error:E:The type of the database table and work area (or internal table) "IT_NEW_SOURCE" are not Unicode convertible.
Can you please advice on this, as performance need to improve in start routine code.
Thank You.

The type of the database table and work area are not Unicode convertible

***Data declaration
TYPES : BEGIN OF t_zle_lagerplanung,
                   SEl, "stores which row user has selected
                   kdauf TYPE zle_lagerplanung-kdauf,
                   kdpos TYPE zle_lagerplanung-kdpos,
                   etenr TYPE zle_lagerplanung-etenr,
                   papiermaschine TYPE zle_lagerplanung-papiermaschine,
                   runnr TYPE zle_lagerplanung-runnr,
                   prio TYPE zle_lagerplanung-prio,
                   werk TYPE zle_lagerplanung-werk,
                   durchmesser TYPE zle_lagerplanung-durchmesser,
                   breite TYPE zle_lagerplanung-breite,
                   anzle TYPE zle_lagerplanung-anzle,
                   lgpla TYPE zle_lagerplanung-lgpla,
                   lgtyp TYPE zle_lagerplanung-lgtyp,
                   art TYPE zle_lagerplanung-art,
                   anzhoehe TYPE zle_lagerplanung-anzle,
                   fa TYPE zle_lagerplanung-fa,
END OF t_zle_lagerplanung.
DATA : it_zle_lagerplanung TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF t_zle_lagerplanung INITIAL SIZE 0,
            wa_zle_lagerplanung TYPE t_zle_lagerplanung.
Here I am getting the data in internal table by using thiis select statement.
SELECT kdauf kdpos etenr papiermaschine runnr prio werk durchmesser breite
              anzle lgpla lgtyp art anzhoehe fa
FROM    zle_lagerplanung INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE it_zle_lagerplanung
WHERE kdauf IN s_kdauf
AND       KDPOS IN s_kdpos
AND      werk = p_werks.
But while updating the particular field in zle_lagerplanung using this statement
UPDATE zle_lagerplanung from table it_zle_lagerplanung.
it is giving syntax error
"The type of the database table and work area (or internal table)
"IT_ZLE_LAGERPLANUNG" are not Unicode convertible. "
Could any one help me out how to resolve this problem....
Thanks in advance

Dear Shayamal,
XXX....are not Unicode convertible
This error comes while inserting or updating database and the fields are not matching between data base table and structure .
Check you fields of data base table and "zle_lagerplanung" and struture "it_zle_lagerplanung" . There fields must match.
thanks and regrds,
Anup Banerjee

Internal table and work area

Hi,
can anybody explain the concepts of Internal table and work area.Thanks in advance.

hai,
This may help u.
WORKAREA is a structure that can hold only one record at a time. It is a collection of fields. We use workarea as we cannot directly read from a table. In order to interact with a table we need workarea. When a Select Statement is executed on a table then the first record is read and put into the header of the table and from there put into the header or the workarea(of the same structure as that of the table)of the internal table and then transferred top the body of the internal table or directly displayed from the workarea.
Each row in a table is a record and each column is a field.
While adding or retrieving records to / from internal table we have to keep the record temporarily.
The area where this record is kept is called as work area for the internal table. The area must have the same structure as that of internal table. An internal table consists of a body and an optional header line.
Header line is a implicit work area for the internal table. It depends on how the internal table is declared that the itab will have the header line or not.
e.g.
data: begin of itab occurs 10,
ab type c,
cd type i,
end of itab. " this table will have the header line.
data: wa_itab like itab. " explicit work area for itab
data: itab1 like itab occurs 10. " table is without header line.
Internal tables are used for storing records which are obtained as a result when we use select statement on database. internal tables are run time entities and doesn't occupy any memory. they are dynamic.
internal tables are of types.
1. internal tables with header line. [header and body]
2. internal tables with out header line. [only body]
Workarea is the concept which is mainly useful when working with internal tables with out header line.
at any point of time we can access only one record through header of a internal table. every thing should be done [inserting,modifying, reading ] through header only.
ex: data: itab like standard table of mara with header line.
for internal tables with out header line we will create a work area [explicit header] as type of table for storing data into internal table.
ex: data: itab like mara,
wa like mara.
more about internal table types:
Standard table:
The key access to a standard table uses a sequential search. The time required for an access is linearly dependent on the number of entries in the internal table.
You should usually access a standard table with index operations.
Sorted table:
The table is always stored internally sorted by its key. Key access to a sorted table can therefore use a binary search. If the key is not unique, the entry with the lowest index is accessed. The time required for an access is logarithmically dependent on the number of entries in the internal table.
Index accesses to sorted tables are also allowed. You should usually access a sorted table using its key.
Hash table:
The table is internally managed with a hash procedure. All the entries must have a unique key. The time required for a key access is constant, that is it does not depend on the number of entries in the internal table.
You cannot access a hash table with an index. Accesses must use generic key operations (SORT, LOOP, etc.).
Hashed tables
This is the most appropriate type for any table where the main operation is key access. You cannot access a hashed table using its index.
The response time for key access remains constant, regardless of the number of table entries. Like database tables, hashed tables always
have a unique key. Hashed tables are useful if you want to construct and use an internal table which resembles a database table or for
processing large amounts of data.
TYPES VECTOR TYPE HASHED TABLE OF I WITH UNIQUE KEY TABLE LINE.
TYPES: BEGIN OF LINE,
COLUMN1 TYPE I,
COLUMN2 TYPE I,
COLUMN3 TYPE I,
END OF LINE.
DATA ITAB TYPE HASHED TABLE OF SPFLI
WITH UNIQUE KEY CARRID CONNID.
with regards,
B.Sowjanya,
reward points if helpful.

My Mac suddenly stopped playing through my external speakers which are fine and working well with other devices.

My Mac suddenly stopped playing through my external speakers which are fine and working well with other devices.

Have a look in System Preferences -> Sound -> Output.
Plug the speakers out. Do you now see "Internal Speaker" as the name from the Built-in device? If you replug your speakers, is it now changing to "Headphone?

Header line and work area

Hi,
can anyone please explain me wht is the difference between header line and work area???

Hi,
INTERNAL TABLES
- Internal tables are used to obtain data from a fixed structure for
dynamic use in ABAP.
- Each line in the internal table has the same field structure.
- The main use for internal tables is for storing and formatting data from
a database table within a program.
WORK AREAS
- Work areas are single rows of data.
- It should have the same format as any of the internal tables.
- It is used to process the data in an internal table one line at a time.
Internal Tables with Header Line : Here the system automatically creates the work area. The work area has the same data type as internal table. This work area is called the HEADER line. It is here that all the changes or any of the action on the contents of the table are done. As a result of this, records can be directly inserted into the table or accessed from the internal table directly.
Internal Tables without Header Line : Here there is no work area associated with the table. Work area is to be explicitly specified when we need to access such tables. Hence these tables cannot be accessed directly.
HEADER LINE----
CREATED EXPLICITLY------
1.Internal table created by referring to another table
Syntax: Data <f> <type> with header line.
<type> refers to a table data type or table data objects using type or like.
Here internal table <f> is created of the type <type>.
Example:
DATA t_line TYPE line OCCURS 10 with header line.
2. Internal table created by referring to existing structure
Syntax: Data<f> <type> occurs n with header line.
The lines of the internal table <f> have the data type specified in <type> (Can use either like or type).
Example:
DATA flight_tab LIKE sflight OCCURS 10.
CREATED BY DEFAULT---
3. Internal table created With a new structure
Syntax: Data : Begin of <f> occurs <n>,
<component declaration>,
End of <f>.
Work area is created by default.
Example:
Data : Begin of itab occurs 10,
column1 type I,
column2(4) type C,
column3 like mara-ernam,
End of itab.
reward if useful
Regards

Structure of table and work area are not compatible - table control wizard

Structure of table and work area are not compatible is the error i am getting when specifying my internal table and work area in my table control? What am I doing wrong?

hii
this error comes when you have different structure of work area then internal table..so work area will not work here and you will not be able to append records in internal table.
check strucure of internal table and work area.it should be like below.
TYPES:
BEGIN OF type_s_kna1,
     kunnr LIKE kna1-kunnr,            " Customer Number
     name1 LIKE kna1-name1,            " Name
     vbeln LIKE vbap-vbeln,            " Sales Document
END OF type_s_kna1.
* Internal Table And Work Area Declarations For Customer Details      *
DATA : t_kna1 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF type_s_kna1,
         fs_kna1 TYPE type_s_kna1.
regards
twinkal

I'm getting this error message: "User not registered for online use" when i'm trying to download music/ track names from a CD into ITunes on my Windows 8 PC. I'm registered and my itunes account/ appleID are all correct and working.

I'm getting this error message: "User not registered for online use" when i'm trying to download music/ track names from a CD into ITunes on my Windows 8 PC. I'm registered and my itunes account/ appleID are all correct and working.

The ""not recognized for on-line use". error is associated with the Gracenote service that iTunes uses to look up and retrieve metadata for CDs. Some users have reported that this error occurs when trying to import from CD, subsequent to upgrading to version 12. A number of slightly different solutions have been reported (though all of a similar nature).
Try walking through the following steps - before starting you may have to enable hidden files and folders to be viewed - in Windows 7 / Windows Explorer select Organize > Folder and search options, then on the View tab make sure that Show hidden files, folders and drives is selected. Without this you won't see the AppData folder in C:\Users\username\
Exit iTunes
In Windows Explorer, go to the folder C:\Users\username\AppData\Roaming\Apple Computer\iTunes
Delete the following files:
CD Info.cidb
com.apple.iTunes.Gracenote.plist
Restart iTunes
Insert a CD and see if details are now correctly retrieved from Gracenote
If this doesn't work:
In iTunes, select Edit > Preferences and make a note (or take a screenshot) of your preferences settings in all relevant tabs
Exit iTunes
In Windows Explorer, go to the folder C:\Users\username\AppData\Roaming\Apple Computer\iTunes
Delete the following file:iTunesPrefs.xml
Restart iTunes
Insert a CD and see if details are now correctly retrieved from Gracenote
If this second procedure does work, you'll need to restore other iTunes preferences settings to those that you noted in step 1.
If this one didn't work:
Exit iTunes
Check the following folders:
C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Apple Computer\iTunes
C:\Users\username\AppData\LocalLow\Apple Computer\iTunes
Delete any copies of the following files:
CD Info.cidb
com.apple.iTunes.Gracenote.plist
iTunesPrefs.xml
Restart iTunes
Insert a CD and see if details are now correctly retrieved from Gracenote
Again, if this procedure does work, you'll need to restore other iTunes preferences settings to those that you noted in step 1 of the second procedure. If you're still not able to retrieve CD info:
Exit iTunes
In Windows, select Start > Control Panel > Programs and Features. Find the entry for iTunes, right-click and select Repair.
When this process has finished, restart iTunes
Insert a CD and see if details are now correctly retrieved from Gracenote
If none of these have worked (and almost everything I've seen suggests you should be OK by this point), you may have an issue with the installation and configuration of iTunes itself. If you have got this far, see turingtest2's notes on Troubleshooting issues with iTunes for Windows updates for advice on how to remove and replace of all components of iTunes.

August 2014 Scheduled Maintenance - Are Web and Worker Roles affected?

Are Web and Worker Roles affected by the Scheduled Maintenance that will be performed on Aug 2, 2014? The email that I received from Microsoft Azure states that it will affect VMs and Cloud Services and goes on to say how to keep your VMs available
despite the maintenance by setting up Availability Sets for VMs, but does not mention a strategy for Web and Worker roles.
What am I missing here?

Hello Farid_Azure,
Yes, the Web and Worker Roles are also affected by the scheduled maintenance as the web roles and worker roles are residing on the hardware that will go on maintenance.
The Cloud Service deployments will also reboot during the maintenance. You can increase the number of instances running for your web roles and worker roles to avoid being affected:
http://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/documentation/articles/cloud-services-how-to-scale/#manualscale
I hope that this answers your question.
Thanks,
Syed Irfan Hussain

How to check the BW and BIA systems are up and working fine.

Hi friends,
how to check the BW and BIA systems are up and working fine. And also what is ICM, how to check whether it is working properly or not.
ANd what is name resolution and IP , how to check whether this is running fine.
regards, balu.

Hi,
you can use process monitoring or the alert function in the standalone TREXAdmin tool.
ICM:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/EN/0a/a7903febb15a7be10000000a11405a/content.htm
name resolution
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System
IP:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP
Please also have a look at the transactions TREXADMIN and RSDDBIAMON2.
I think it´s better if you use the forum search and google/wikipedia before you ask such questions.
Best Regards,
Jens

What are the costs we collect in maintenance order and work order

what are the costs we collect in maintenance order and work order
is work order and maintenance order differeent or same

Usually the main costs of maintenance are the spare parts and labour. And these are the costs we would like to track per maintenance job from a maintenance management perspective. There could also be cases where other costs such as travel to place where the equipment is might be required to be collected in the maintenance order.
In SAP there is no term called work order. But loosely the term is sometimes used for maintenance or service order. Probably even production orders also.
thanks
Bala

Runtime area and work area in PGA

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