SAXParseException Language

Question

new babie question...
i have a stupid problem, but cant resolve this. Moreover, SAX exceptions traces are in Spanish. I want them in English, so I can find easily some topic about that.
any idea of how to change this?
heres is the .java and the .xml and the error trace..
<?xml version="1.0"?>
< !DOCTYPE Recipe>
<Recipe>
<Name>Lime Jello Marshmallow Cottage Cheese Surprise</Name>
<Description>My grandma's favorite (may she rest in peace).</Description>
<Ingredients>
<Ingredient>
<Qty unit="box">1</Qty>
<Item>lime gelatin</Item>
</Ingredient>
<Ingredient>
<Qty unit="g">500</Qty>
<Item>multicolored tiny marshmallows</Item>
</Ingredient>
<Ingredient>
<Qty unit="ml">500</Qty>
<Item>Cottage cheese</Item>
</Ingredient>
<Ingredient>
<Qty unit="dash"/>
<Item optional="1">Tabasco sauce</Item>
</Ingredient>
</Ingredients>
<Instructions>
<Step>Prepare lime gelatin according to package instructions</Step>
<!-- And so on... -->
</Instructions>
</Recipe>
?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: Falta elemento de ra�z de documento.
     at org.apache.crimson.parser.Parser2.fatal(Parser2.java:3182)
     at org.apache.crimson.parser.Parser2.fatal(Parser2.java:3170)
     at org.apache.crimson.parser.Parser2.parseInternal(Parser2.java:501)
     at org.apache.crimson.parser.Parser2.parse(Parser2.java:305)
     at org.apache.crimson.parser.XMLReaderImpl.parse(XMLReaderImpl.java:442)
     at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(SAXParser.java:345)
     at javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser.parse(SAXParser.java:281)
     at com.sofrecom.reportes.Main.main(Main.java:33)
import java.io.Writer;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.File;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
public class Main extends DefaultHandler
static private Writer out;
public static void main(String argv[])
// Use an instance of ourselves as the SAX event handler
DefaultHandler handler = new Main();
// Use the default (non-validating) parser
SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
try {
// Set up output stream
out = new OutputStreamWriter(System.out, "UTF8");
// Parse the input
SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser();
saxParser.parse( new File("C:\\Documents and Settings\\dbuzzalino\\JDW\\TestsVarios\\FOPTest\\public_html\\prueba.xml"), handler);
} catch (Throwable t) {
t.printStackTrace();
System.exit(0);
//===========================================================
// SAX DocumentHandler methods
//===========================================================
public void startDocument()
throws SAXException
emit("<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>");
nl();
public void endDocument()
throws SAXException
try {
nl();
out.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new SAXException("I/O error", e);
public void startElement(String namespaceURI,
String lName, // local name
String qName, // qualified name
Attributes attrs)
throws SAXException
String eName = lName; // element name
if ("".equals(eName)) eName = qName; // namespaceAware = false
emit("<"+eName);
if (attrs != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < attrs.getLength(); i++) {
String aName = attrs.getLocalName(i); // Attr name
if ("".equals(aName)) aName = attrs.getQName(i);
emit(" ");
emit(aName+"=\""+attrs.getValue(i)+"\"");
emit(">");
public void endElement(String namespaceURI,
String sName, // simple name
String qName // qualified name
throws SAXException
emit("</"+sName+">");
public void characters(char buf[], int offset, int len)
throws SAXException
String s = new String(buf, offset, len);
emit(s);
//===========================================================
// Utility Methods ...
//===========================================================
// Wrap I/O exceptions in SAX exceptions, to
// suit handler signature requirements
private void emit(String s)
throws SAXException
try {
out.write(s);
out.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new SAXException("I/O error", e);
// Start a new line
private void nl()
throws SAXException
String lineEnd = System.getProperty("line.separator");
try {
out.write(lineEnd);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new SAXException("I/O error", e);

Answer 1

And your message says that your document needs a root element. This seems to mean that the parser is seeing a badly-formed document, but in practice means that the parser couldn't find the document at all.