SEQUENCE CACHE

제품 : ORACLE SERVER
작성날짜 : 2003-08-04
Sequence Cache
오라클 sequence를 사용할 때에 cache라는 옵션을 가지고 있다.
이러한 옵션을 사용할때 가끔 수자가 이어지지 않고 끊어지는 경우가 발생할 수
있는데 여기서는 어떤 상황에서 수자가 없어지며 이러한 상황을 최소화할수 있는
방법을 찾아보고자 한다.
non-cache mode 인 경우에 'nextval' 을 요구하게 되면 current value에서 increment
만큼의 값이 증가될 것이다. 예를 들어 current value는 0이고 increment는 1이며
cache가 아닐 때 'nextval'을 요구하게 되면 1이 return 될 것이다.
cache option과 같이 사용될 때 sequence에 대해서 'nextval'을 요구하게 되면
cache 되는 만큼의 값에서부터 차례대로 next 값을 가져오게 되며 cache된 값을
모두 사용하고 난 다음은 다음 caching 을 하게 된다.
만약 다음과 같이 sequence가 선언되었다고 하자.
create sequence seq increment by 1 cache 5;
NUMBER SEQUENCE CACHE
RETURNED CURRENT CURRENT
start none 0 none
1st access 1 5 1
2nd access 2 5 2
3rd access 3 5 3
4th access 4 5 4
5th access 5 5 5
6th access 6 10 6
7th access 7 10 7
cache되어 있는 값들이 절대로 없어지지 않는다고 가정하면 출력되는 결과 값들은
non-cache 의 그것과 다를 것이 없을 것이다.
그러나 sequence cache도 역시 다른 cached information과 같이 shared pool 에 저장된다.
이것은 다른 shared pool에 있는 procedure처럼 자주 access 되지 않으면 age out될 수
있음을 의미하기도 한다. 또한 shutdown 시에는 cache에 있는 모든 것을 잃어버리게
된다. 여기서 주로 shutdown에 의해 sequence의 번호가 skip 될수 있으므로 skip되어서는
안되는 번호를 가진 응용프로그램에서는 non-cached sequence 를 사용해야 한다.
다음에는 cache age out과 shutdown이후에 sequence number의 변화를 예를 들어 설명한다.
NUMBER SEQUENCE CACHE
RETURNED CURRENT CURRENT
start none 0 none
1st access 1 5 1
2nd access 2 5 2
cache aged out
3rd access 5 10 5
4th access 6 10 6
shutdown
5th access 10 15 10
6th access 11 15 11
7th access 12 15 12
aging 문제를 해결하기 위해서 7.3 이후에서 부터는 dbms_shared_pool 이라는 package 를
이용해서 shared pool내에 다음과 같이 고정시켜 놓을수 있다.
dbms_shared_pool.keep('seq','Q');
Reference Documents
<Note:62002.1>

제품 : ORACLE SERVER
작성날짜 : 2003-08-04
Sequence Cache
오라클 sequence를 사용할 때에 cache라는 옵션을 가지고 있다.
이러한 옵션을 사용할때 가끔 수자가 이어지지 않고 끊어지는 경우가 발생할 수
있는데 여기서는 어떤 상황에서 수자가 없어지며 이러한 상황을 최소화할수 있는
방법을 찾아보고자 한다.
non-cache mode 인 경우에 'nextval' 을 요구하게 되면 current value에서 increment
만큼의 값이 증가될 것이다. 예를 들어 current value는 0이고 increment는 1이며
cache가 아닐 때 'nextval'을 요구하게 되면 1이 return 될 것이다.
cache option과 같이 사용될 때 sequence에 대해서 'nextval'을 요구하게 되면
cache 되는 만큼의 값에서부터 차례대로 next 값을 가져오게 되며 cache된 값을
모두 사용하고 난 다음은 다음 caching 을 하게 된다.
만약 다음과 같이 sequence가 선언되었다고 하자.
create sequence seq increment by 1 cache 5;
NUMBER SEQUENCE CACHE
RETURNED CURRENT CURRENT
start none 0 none
1st access 1 5 1
2nd access 2 5 2
3rd access 3 5 3
4th access 4 5 4
5th access 5 5 5
6th access 6 10 6
7th access 7 10 7
cache되어 있는 값들이 절대로 없어지지 않는다고 가정하면 출력되는 결과 값들은
non-cache 의 그것과 다를 것이 없을 것이다.
그러나 sequence cache도 역시 다른 cached information과 같이 shared pool 에 저장된다.
이것은 다른 shared pool에 있는 procedure처럼 자주 access 되지 않으면 age out될 수
있음을 의미하기도 한다. 또한 shutdown 시에는 cache에 있는 모든 것을 잃어버리게
된다. 여기서 주로 shutdown에 의해 sequence의 번호가 skip 될수 있으므로 skip되어서는
안되는 번호를 가진 응용프로그램에서는 non-cached sequence 를 사용해야 한다.
다음에는 cache age out과 shutdown이후에 sequence number의 변화를 예를 들어 설명한다.
NUMBER SEQUENCE CACHE
RETURNED CURRENT CURRENT
start none 0 none
1st access 1 5 1
2nd access 2 5 2
cache aged out
3rd access 5 10 5
4th access 6 10 6
shutdown
5th access 10 15 10
6th access 11 15 11
7th access 12 15 12
aging 문제를 해결하기 위해서 7.3 이후에서 부터는 dbms_shared_pool 이라는 package 를
이용해서 shared pool내에 다음과 같이 고정시켜 놓을수 있다.
dbms_shared_pool.keep('seq','Q');
Reference Documents
<Note:62002.1>

Similar Messages

  • Sequence caching with toplink and oracle caching

    Hi,
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    Second question, what if my sequence define a cache in the database. For example, create sequence myseq increment by 1000 cache 20.
    Does it mean that 20 values will be cached or 1000*20 values will be cached ? Is the cache size defined per session or for all the sessions of the database ?
    Thanks.
    Will.

    Thank you for your response.
    I used the default parameter of toplink (increment by 50) and I left a cache size of 20 on database side.
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  • Oracle 10g sequence cache aging

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  • Oracle 11g - Sequence Caching

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  • Sequence - cache size ?

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    Leo,
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  • Sequence caching with oracle

    Hi,
    In my application, I use toplink as a JPA provider. For performance reasons, I defined an allocationSize on sequence generator for some persistence objects. I read some documentation to understand how it works, the result of my research is that the allocationSize of sequence generator must match with the increment value of the sequence in database.
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    Does it mean that 20 values will be cached or 1000*20 values will be cached ? Is the cache size defined per session or for all the sessions of the database ?
    Thanks.
    Will.

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    [cache]
    SQL> create sequence myseq start with 10000 cache 5;
    Sequence created.
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    INCREMENT_BY CACHE_SIZE LAST_NUMBER
    1 5 10000
    SQL> select myseq.nextval from dual;
    NEXTVAL
    10000
    SQL> /
    NEXTVAL
    10001
    SQL> /
    NEXTVAL
    10002
    SQL> /
    NEXTVAL
    10003
    SQL> /
    NEXTVAL
    10004
    SQL> select increment_by, cache_size, last_number from user_sequences where sequence_name = 'MYSEQ';
    INCREMENT_BY CACHE_SIZE LAST_NUMBER
    1 5 10005
    SQL> select myseq.nextval from dual;
    NEXTVAL
    10005
    SQL> select increment_by, cache_size, last_number from user_sequences where sequence_name = 'MYSEQ';
    INCREMENT_BY CACHE_SIZE LAST_NUMBER
    1 5 10010
    SQL>
    Asif Momen
    http://momendba.blogspot.com

  • I am CONFUSED  SEQUENCE  CACHE  BUG OR NOT

    I HAVE CONFUSED, I HAVE CREATE ONE SEQUENCE AND I HAVE TEST BELOW PRACTICAL OF SEQUENCE
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    CREATE SEQUENCE SEQ_TEST
    START WITH 1
    MAXVALUE 999999
    CACHE 20 ;
    STEP 2 --
    CREATE TABLE TEST_SEQUENCE (NO NUMBER) ;
    STEP-3 --
    INSERT INTO TEST_SEQUENCE VALUES(SEQ_TEST.NEXTVAL);
    STEP-4 --
    SELECT * FROM TEST_SEQUENCE;
    STEP --5
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    START WITH 1
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    ORA-00955: NAME IS ALREADY USED BY AN EXISTING OBJECT
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    Hi gunjan ,
    I copied all your code and executed ,its working file there is nothing wrong .
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    visit the beloiw link for further explanation
    http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:0::::P11_QUESTION_ID:530735152441
    Plz mark answered .
    Regards
    Timir

  • Increase sequence cache - DWH Environment

    Hello everyone,
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    We work on a RAC with two nodes.
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    Greetings
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    Hi,
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  • Sequence cache (can it cause lock when.....)

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    I would also ask why you were setting a sequence to
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    e sequence, you cannot use Oracle sequences and you
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    http://www.ddbcinc.com/askDDBC
    It was not the idea of the dba here, but the application programmers (we should be shot for allowing them to tell us this). They did not believe us when we told them that the sequences would not roll back... I reset the cache to a number other than 0...
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  • Sequence caching in RAC

    Hi All,
    Production server configuration is 4 node RAC. Version is 11.2.0.3. Linux Platform. We are using sequences in DB.
    I was reading some blogs on sequence working on RAC env. I came to know a sequence with cache noorder will improve the performance.But i have not seen how can we cache a sequence properly in RAC.Can you please let me know your suggestions for the below questions?
    When we create any sequence, how can we cache a sequence properly on 4 instances?
    How can we calculate the cache for each instance?
    How shall we know whether sequence is using or not?
    Thanks,
    Mani

    Production server configuration is 4 node RAC. Version is 11.2.0.3. Linux Platform. We are using sequences in DB.
    I was reading some blogs on sequence working on RAC env. I came to know a sequence with cache noorder will improve the performance.But i have not seen how can we cache a sequence properly in RAC.Can you please let me know your suggestions for the below questions?
    When we create any sequence, how can we cache a sequence properly on 4 instances?
    How can we calculate the cache for each instance?
    How shall we know whether sequence is using or not?
    The 'user' doesn't cache the sequence, Oracle does. Just specify the CACHE value when you create the sequence.
    Oracle will use the SAME cache value for each instance. So if the cache value is 20 one instance might cache 1-20, the next instance cache 21-40 and so on. When an instance needs more values it will get the next set of 20 values that are available for that sequence.
    Which 'cache' gets used depends on which instance a query runs on. A query that executes on instance #2 will use the cache on instance #2.

  • Sequence caching

    Hi All,
    I am getting contention problem on SEQ$ table becuase of sequence numbers are generated in huge amount for some sequences everyday. Below I mentioned the figures. I am planning to cache the more sequence number instead of default 20.
    I want to know, Is there any drowback to cache more sequence number? Is there any formula or calculation or thumbrule that we can figure out how many number should we cache?
    Please also suggest me if any good documnet available on that.
    Thanks in advance.
    Here is the sequence statistics.
    Sequence     Maxval (21/06/07)     Maxval(22/06/07)     Diff(F-E)
    Seq-1     967989200      975861637      7872437
    Seq-2     95990500 96766097     775597
    Seq-3     73371394 73944908     573514
    Seq-4     47959122 48336988 377866
    Seq-5     33055165     33327676     272511
    Seq-6     10407032     10488940     81908
    Seq-7     8027641     8108770     81129
    Seq-8     8031524      8109764     78240
    Seq-9     8311000     8379200     68200
    Seq-10     7204295     7256597     52302
    Seq-11     5511145     5546865     35720
    Seq-12     1594791     1617743     22952
    Seq-13     1375542     1385085     9543
    Seq-14     1802450     1808251     5801
    Seq-15     240624     242455     1831
    Seq-16     152600     153843     1243
    Seq-17     157491     158605     1114
    Seq-18     28701     28840     139
    Seq-19     43367     43501     134
    Seq-20     28459     28584     125

    In a very busy environment cache default 20 to my mind definitely is too low. We had an app on RAC (which means each serialization point hit even harder) and increasing cache really made faster inserts especially bigger loads. Depending on the types of tables (i.e. how much inserts) we increased cache even till 10K. I personally don't know about any drawbacks except that you'll loose more values in case of db restart. But for example for number(15) even if you loose 10K values each second your sequence will work for 999999999999999/10000/60/60/24/365 ~=~ 3171 years. That should be enough even for the most exigent future planner on the earth :)
    Gints Plivna
    http://www.gplivna.eu

  • Sequence losting cache

    Hi, I have some sequences in cache and i'm losing the cache with the instance "ON".
    I'm using 10g.
    The sequence's cache uses LRU list? What can I do?
    Thanks.

    The sequence cache is in the library cache.
    You will loose sequences by bouncing the instance amongst other.
    This is not a problem, as sequences are used for surrogate keys, and as surrogate keys don't have a meaning (except for bean counters), you can have a surrogate key with holes.
    If you want to minimize the impact create your sequences with the nocache clause.
    If you want a surrogate without holes, revert to the sequence table. Remember this 'solution' scales badly.
    Sybrand Bakker
    Senior Oracle DBA

  • Oracle 11g : Sequence Issues after impdp

    Hi All,
    We are migrating from Oracle 10g to Oracle 11g. As part of this, we take a expdp from 10g and successfully did an import using impdp on to Oracle 11g database.
    But the problem is, there were few Primary key violations which occurred and all of them relate to sequences.
    The Maximum data in the tables and the last number in the sequences differed which caused the issue.
    Upon investigation and browsing the Web, http://www.nerdliness.com/article/2009/03/18/my-oracle-sequencedatapump-shenanigans ; I understood it could be because of the export taken while the application is online and writing to the database.
    I reset all the failing sequences manually and it is fine now.
    My questions now are
    *1) Can we ascertain that the export taken when the source database is offline would eliminate the sequences issue.*
    2) As this is being done in Production, I would like to make few checks to ensure that the sequences are properly imported. ---
    Again reading few websites and oracle Forums, i found the below sql's..
    select table_name, column_name, utl_raw.cast_to_number(high_value) as highval
    from dba_Tab_columns
    where owner = 'PRODUCTION_OWNER'
    AND DATA_TYPE= 'NUMBER'
    AND (OWNER, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME) IN
    (SELECT CC.OWNER, CC.TABLE_NAME, CC.COLUMN_NAME
    FROM DBA_CONS_COLUMNS CC
    JOIN DBA_CONSTRAINTS C
    ON CC.OWNER=C.OWNER
    AND CC.CONSTRAINT_NAME=C.CONSTRAINT_NAME
    WHERE C.CONSTRAINT_TYPE ='P'
    ORDER BY 3;
    SELECT SEQUENCE_NAME, MIN_VALUE, MAX_VALUE, LAST_NUMBER
    FROM DBA_SEQUENCES
    WHERE SEQUENCE_OWNER = 'PRODUCTION_OWNER'
    ORDER BY LAST_NUMBER
    If I relate the last_number with the highval and if they are same, does that mean the sequences are imported properly.
    Note: We have sequence caching done and we are on RAC.
    Edited by: ramakrishnavydyula on Jan 30, 2013 9:36 AM

    We are migrating from Oracle 10g to Oracle 11g. As part of this, we take a expdp from 10g and successfully did an import using impdp on to Oracle 11g database.
    But the problem is, there were few Primary key violations which occurred and all of them relate to sequences.
    The Maximum data in the tables and the last number in the sequences differed which caused the issue.
    it could be because of the export taken while the application is online and writing to the database.I don't know what's your database's size , and what's acceptable downtime for you, but I could never propose such a migration tecnique to any of my customers, due to excessive downtime when databases are quite large.
    It's quite obvious that you get such errors when the export is done while people are working, unless you use FLASHBACK_SCN or FLASHBACK_TIME parameter while exporting. But in this case, assuming you don't get errors (e.g. ORA-01555), you'll probably lose a lot ot transactions.
    Assuming your 10g database is running in archivelog mode (which should be the default in production DBs) did you think of using RMAN to do the migration ?

  • Why will this error cause a sequence gap?

    I am learning the sequence object and found this weird thing happen. Can anyone explain to me why the next value jump to 21 after the error? I guess it may be related to the sequence cache which defaults to 20.
    C:\>sqlplus hr/hr@ora11gr2
    SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Fri Apr 20 17:23:27 2012
    Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
    Connected to:
    Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
    With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
    SQL> create table t (col number);
    Table created.
    SQL> create sequence t_seq;
    Sequence created.
    SQL> insert into t values (t_seq.nextval);
    1 row created.
    SQL> select * from t;
    COL
    1
    SQL> create sequence t_seq;
    create sequence t_seq
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-00955: name is already used by an existing object
    SQL> insert into t values (t_seq.nextval);
    1 row created.
    SQL> select * from t;
    COL
    1
    21

    Interesting, my sequence starts with 2:
    BANNER
    Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
    PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
    CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production
    TNS for 32-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
    NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
    5 rows selected.
    SQL> drop sequence t_seq;
    drop sequence t_seq
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-02289: sequence does not exist
    SQL> drop table t purge;
    drop table t purge
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
    SQL> create table t (col number);
    Table created.
    SQL> create sequence t_seq;
    Sequence created.
    SQL> insert into t values (t_seq.nextval);
    1 row created.
    SQL> select * from t;
           COL
             2
    1 row selected.
    SQL> create sequence t_seq;
    create sequence t_seq
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-00955: name is already used by an existing object
    SQL> insert into t values (t_seq.nextval);
    1 row created.
    SQL> select * from t;
           COL
             2
            21
    2 rows selected.However, I agree with Justin anyway: when using sequences, you shouldn't worry about gaps.

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