SQL*Plus: list of characters that need to be escaped

Hi all,
We have a requirement where we need to add comments to tables and table columns and this is done using SQL*Plus. I understand that there are some special characters that are interpreted by SQL*Plus such as ampersand (&). I would like to know the list of such characters so that we can escape them before passing it on to CREATE COMMENT ON statement. So far we have identified the following special characters:
The following characters need to be escaped no matter where they are present in the comment
single quote "'" (hex 27)
define "&" (hex 26)
sqlterminator ";" (hex 3b)
The following characters need to be escaped when they are the only character on a line
forward slash "/" (hex 2f)
blockterminator "." (hex 2e)
sqlprefix "#" (hex 23)
The following characters need to escaped if they are followed by a newline
line continuation "-" (hex 2d)
We would like to know if there are other special characters and appreciate if someone can provide the list.
Thanks
Edited by: user779842 on Aug 20, 2009 3:37 AM
Edited by: user779842 on Aug 20, 2009 3:55 AM

I think the only two characters you need to worry about in your comment strings are: ' and & (apostrophe/single quote and ampersand). The latter you can get around by doing:
set define offbefore running your statements, but the apostrophe you'll have to double up to allow oracle to recognise that it's not the end of the string. Eg:
I'm a stringwould become
'I''m a string' -- NB. this is two single quotes, not 1 double quote!or, if you're on 10g or above, you can use the quote operator (q):
select q'#I'm a string#' from dual;See the documentation for what characters can be used as the quote delimiters: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/appdev.102/b14251/adfns_sqltypes.htm#sthref377

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Andrew Velitchko
BrainBench MVP for Developer/2000
http://www.brainbench.com

Semicolon and / in SQL Plus scripts?

Anyone,
Seem to have some confusion over the use of / and ; inside PL SQL Scripts run in SQL Plus.
I seem to get two commits thereby two rows on INSERT clase that has a ; and a /.
i.e.
/* Insert record into table for recording statistics on the runtime of this script */
INSERT INTO MYTABLE ( col1, col2) VALUES ( value1, value2);
COMMIT;
/The above will get two of the same rows in the table. Is this an issue with SQL Plus settings? What do people typically use? I have a combination of SQL and DDL in my scripts and I need / for the DDL typically as I understand. How do othere intermix these and what standard is used.

Dave, here are the very basics.
The SQL language does not have command separators as only a single command at a time can be issued. Thus the following is invalid SQL:
SELECT * FROM emp;
The semicolon as command separator (or terminator) is not valid SQL. This is valid SQL:
SELECT * FROM emp
PL/SQL is a programming language similar to Pascal, C and Java. Multiple commands are used in a program. These need to be separated so that the parser/compiler can know where a command starts and where it ends. In PL/SQL the semicolon is used.
The following is invalid PL/SQL as it is missing command separators:
declare
i integer
begin
i := 1234
endThe following is valid PL/SQL :
declare
i integer;
begin
i := 1234;
end;SQL*Plus is an Oracle CLI (command line interface) client. It can submit both SQL and PL/SQL to the database. It needs to know when you have stopped entering commands into its input buffer and to submit what you've entered to the database.
SQL*Plus uses two characters for this. The semicolon and the forward slash. If you want to submit the above SELECT to Oracle using SQL*Plus, SQL*Plus needs to know when to submit its input buffer's content - thus:
SQL> SELECT * FROM emp;
Or:
SQL> SELECT * FROM emp
SQL> /
When using PL/SQL in SQL*Plus, SQL*Plus "understands" that the semicolons you use are for the PL/SQL language - not an instruction from you to it to submit its buffer to Oracle for execution.
The forward slash can also be at anytime used to resubmit the current SQL*Plus input buffer again. E.g.
SQL> SELECT * FROM emp;
.. now do the last SQL (or PL/SQL) in the buffer again
SQL> /[i]

8.1.7: ORA-01410 in PL/SQL but not SQL*Plus

This has been driving me crazy, and a search here and in comp.databases.oracle didn't turn up any solutions.
When the following code is part of a stored procedure, it fails with ORA-01410 (Invalid ROWID). It executes perfectly from SQL*Plus, I've verified that TMP_TASK_DATA contains data, and the query clearly specifies a ROWID.
As noted in the subject, this occurs on 8.1.7. TMP_TASK_DATA and TMP_TASK_RETRIEVAL are both global temp tables. I don't currently have access to Metalink, so was hoping that someone has run across this and has some hints.
Thx,
(query edited to limit "IN" list):
        INSERT INTO TMP_TASK_RETRIEVAL
                (TASK_ID, TD_ROWID, SORT_ORDER)
        SELECT TASK_ID, TD_ROWID, ROWNUM
        FROM    (
                SELECT TASK_ID, TD_ROWID
                FROM    (
                        SELECT TASK_ID,
                                ROWID                                   as TD_ROWID,
                                SF_GET_PRIORITY(TASK_TYPE, 1 )          as PRIORITY_COMM,
                                COMPLETED_TIME                          as FINISH_TIME,
                                FIRST_READY_TIME                        as QUEUE_TIME
                        FROM    TMP_TASK_DATA
                        WHERE   USER_NUMBER = v_USER_NUM
                        AND     TASK_TYPE in
                                'AAAA', 'BBBB', 'CCCC'
                ORDER BY
                        PRIORITY_COMM,
                        decode(PRIORITY_COMM, 10, FINISH_TIME, QUEUE_TIME)
                );

Thanks for the info. It turned out that I was wrong about removing the PL/SQL variable from the query; either that, or the error occurs at arbitrary times.
As best I can tell, a ROWID simply can't be passed between nested inline views, so I reduced them to one level (which means that I have to run the function twice in the ORDER BY, rather than once in the nested select).

SQL*Plus variable assignment works for 8i but not 9i

We have scripts that connect to each database on the box and perform database tasks nightly. The scripts first set the environment then connects to each database with SQL*Plus. This works for 8i but fails in the recently created 9i environment. (Unix Solaris environment)
Because the SQL*Plus connection appears in many areas in the scripts, we assign the following connection string to a variable:
SQLPLUS="/usr/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin/sqlplus -s 'xxx/xxxxxx@xxxx as sysdba'"
Export SQLPLUS
echo "$SQLPLUS"
(This echo out correctly: /usr/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin/sqlplus -s 'xxx/xxxxxx@xxxx as sysdba')
It fails when the script calls the assigned variable:
$SQLPLUS <<-EOF
with the following error:
Usage: SQLPLUS [ [<option>] [<logon>] [<start>] ]
where <option> ::= -H | -V | [ [-L] [-M <o>] [-R <n>] [-S] ]
<logon> ::= <username>[<password>][@<connect_string>] | / | /NOLOG
<start> ::= @<URI>|<filename>[.<ext>] [<parameter> ...]
"-H" displays the SQL*Plus version banner and usage syntax
"-V" displays the SQL*Plus version banner
"-L" attempts log on just once
"-M <o>" uses HTML markup options <o>
"-R <n>" uses restricted mode <n>
"-S" uses silent mode
However, if I remove the SQLPLUS variable assignment and changed all occurrence of
$SQLPLUS <<-EOF to
/usr/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin/sqlplus -s 'xxx/xxxxxx@xxxx as sysdba' <<-EOF
Then the script runs successfully. But this solution is cumbersome.
Any ideas as to how to have the script work with assigning the SQLPLUS variable????
Any help is appreciated.

I has an immediate suspicion it might be related to the issue
mentioned in
http://otn.oracle.com/support/tech/sql_plus/htdocs/sub_var2.html#2_7
but this proved wrong: the SP2-306 still occurs in the latest
SQL*Plus.
I wonder what version of 8i you had working? With an old SQL*Plus
8.1.7.0 my connection failed the same as in 9.2 and 10i.
My solution was to do:
SQLPLUS='sqlplus -s'
UNPW='/ as sysdba'
$SQLPLUS "$UNPW" <<EOF
EOFThis worked in 9.2.0.5, 10.1.0.2 and 8.1.7.0.
One common security risk on UNIX remains: putting the username and
password on the command line. On some systems a "ps" command will
show the password to any user. If OS authentication cannot be used
for connection, perhaps putting the username/password in the SQL
script may be more secure?
A final note is that in SQL*Plus 10g, no quotes are needed around
AS SYSDBA, i.e.
sqlplus / as sysdba works from the OS prompt, whereas in 9.2 you need to do
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"This makes a solution easy:
SQLPLUS="/usr/oracle/product/10.1.0/bin/sqlplus -s xxx/xxxxxx@xxxx as sysdba"-- CJ

SQL*Plus assignment works for 8i but not 9i

We have scripts that connect to each database on the box and perform database tasks nightly. The scripts first set the environment then connects to each database with SQL*Plus. This works for 8i but fails in the recently created 9i environment.
Because the SQL*Plus connection appears in many areas in the scripts, we assign the following connection string to a variable:
SQLPLUS="/usr/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin/sqlplus -s 'xxx/xxxxxx@xxxx as sysdba'"
Export SQLPLUS
echo "$SQLPLUS"
(This echo out correctly: /usr/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin/sqlplus -s 'xxx/xxxxxx@xxxx as sysdba')
It fails when the script calls the assigned variable:
$SQLPLUS <<-EOF
with the following error:
Usage: SQLPLUS [ [<option>] [<logon>] [<start>] ]
where <option> ::= -H | -V | [ [-L] [-M <o>] [-R <n>] [-S] ]
<logon> ::= <username>[<password>][@<connect_string>] | / | /NOLOG
<start> ::= @<URI>|<filename>[.<ext>] [<parameter> ...]
"-H" displays the SQL*Plus version banner and usage syntax
"-V" displays the SQL*Plus version banner
"-L" attempts log on just once
"-M <o>" uses HTML markup options <o>
"-R <n>" uses restricted mode <n>
"-S" uses silent mode
However, if I remove the SQLPLUS variable assignment and changed all occurrence of
$SQLPLUS <<-EOF to
/usr/oracle/product/9.2.0/bin/sqlplus -s 'xxx/xxxxxx@xxxx as sysdba' <<-EOF
Then the script runs successfully. But this solution is cumbersome.
Any ideas as to how to have the script work with assigning the SQLPLUS variable????
Any help is appreciated

I has an immediate suspicion it might be related to the issue
mentioned in
http://otn.oracle.com/support/tech/sql_plus/htdocs/sub_var2.html#2_7
but this proved wrong: the SP2-306 still occurs in the latest
SQL*Plus.
I wonder what version of 8i you had working? With an old SQL*Plus
8.1.7.0 my connection failed the same as in 9.2 and 10i.
My solution was to do:
SQLPLUS='sqlplus -s'
UNPW='/ as sysdba'
$SQLPLUS "$UNPW" <<EOF
EOFThis worked in 9.2.0.5, 10.1.0.2 and 8.1.7.0.
One common security risk on UNIX remains: putting the username and
password on the command line. On some systems a "ps" command will
show the password to any user. If OS authentication cannot be used
for connection, perhaps putting the username/password in the SQL
script may be more secure?
A final note is that in SQL*Plus 10g, no quotes are needed around
AS SYSDBA, i.e.
sqlplus / as sysdba works from the OS prompt, whereas in 9.2 you need to do
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"This makes a solution easy:
SQLPLUS="/usr/oracle/product/10.1.0/bin/sqlplus -s xxx/xxxxxx@xxxx as sysdba"-- CJ

DB in WXP, SQL/PLUS in WXP too

Hello ORACLE'rs:
First, sorry if I'm posting in the wrong place [this is my first in this forum]; is some of the admins/moderators believe this thread should be moved, please go ahead.
Well, this is my question/issue:
We have our Oracle 9i DB in a Sun Solaris server at work; we basically use SQL PLUS or Oracle PLSQL Developer to program/edit our scripts.
I would like to use the same environment at home using WINDOWS XP; I want to develop at home, but I dont' have a Solaris server I can use, so I need to setup a DB in my WXP machine at home. Of course, I'll be using SQL PLUS to work on that DB at home.
What DB version should I download, take home, install and use?
Is there a place in the oracle OTN site or this forum that has info on this??
Thanks in advance
Alfonso Sanchez

Thanks GFPIKE, this seems to be just what I need:
Developers working on PHP, Java, .NET, XML, and Open Source applications
DBAs who need a free, starter database for training and deployment
Independent Software Vendors (ISVs) and hardware vendors who want a starter database to distribute free of charge
Educational institutions and students who need a free database for their curriculum
For now I just want it for my PL/SQL development.
"In this theather that I call my soul I always play the starring role" - THE POLICE
Alfonso Sanchez - www.imperial.edu

SQL*Plus: list of characters that need to be escaped

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