Static vs. DHCP configuration: Arch-specific details

Hi,
I'm a recent Arch convert (after seven years of Slackware, Debian and CentOS). I have a few questions about details that I didn't quite get in the Wiki section.
1) static IP
The sample line in rc.conf is explicit enough, so this one is no problem. On the other hand, there are some diverging hints concerning the configuration in /etc/hosts. Let's say I configured a server with a static IP of 192.168.1.1/255·255.255.0. In that case, is it correct to have an /etc/hosts that looks like this?
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
192.168.1.1 buildbox.localdomain buildbox
Or is it:
127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain buildbox.localdomain localhost buildbox
2) DHCP
If I configure my Ethernet interface with DHCP, what do I have to put in /etc/hosts? Only the localhost line?

Yeah, you don't really need to inject anything into /etc/hosts
I'd say this is partially wrong. When I only keep the default /etc/hosts, I get a warning message when XFCE starts up: it complains that there's no hostname defined.
Finally, I'm using this configuration:
127.0.0.1 buildbox.local buildbox
127.0.0.1 localhost.local localhost
Note: The double 127.0.0.1 is only for better readability.
But I just notice something else, that puzzles me a bit. Here's what ifconfig returns, as expected:
[root@buildbox:~] # ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:20:ED:B8:E8:EC
inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::220:edff:feb8:e8ec/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:891 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:457 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:194025 (189.4 Kb) TX bytes:103657 (101.2 Kb)
Interrupt:16 Base address:0xf00
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:52 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:52 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:3470 (3.3 Kb) TX bytes:3470 (3.3 Kb)
And here's the network section of my /etc/rc.conf:
# DHCP: Set your interface to "dhcp" (eth0="dhcp")
# Wireless: See network profiles below
eth0="eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255"
INTERFACES=(eth0)
# Routes to start at boot-up (in this order)
# Declare each route then list in ROUTES
# - prefix an entry in ROUTES with a ! to disable it
gateway="default gw 192.168.1.254"
ROUTES=(gateway)
What puzzles me: I didn't define anything localhost-like in rc.conf, and yet it's there. How comes?
Last edited by kikinovak (2008-04-10 11:29:19)

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runical wrote:
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UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
acpid.service loaded active running ACPI event daemon
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[email protected] loaded active running Getty on tty1
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systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight
[email protected] loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/sda1
[email protected] loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/sda3
systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service
systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service
systemd-random-seed.service loaded active exited Load/Save Random Seed
systemd-remount-fs.service loaded active exited Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
[email protected] loaded active exited Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill0
[email protected] loaded active exited Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill1
[email protected] loaded active exited Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill2
[email protected] loaded active exited Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill3
systemd-sysctl.service loaded active exited Apply Kernel Variables
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited Create Static Device Nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service loaded active exited Create Volatile Files and Directories
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systemd-update-utmp.service loaded active exited Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown
systemd-user-sessions.service loaded active exited Permit User Sessions
systemd-vconsole-setup.service loaded active exited Setup Virtual Console
[email protected] loaded active running User Manager for UID 1000
LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
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link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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Description='A basic static ethernet connection'
Interface=enp1s0
Connection=ethernet
IP=static
Address="192.168.1.23/24"
[root@fenrir ~]# journalctl -x -n 13 --no-pager
-- Logs begin at Fri 2014-01-10 12:13:41 CET, end at Tue 2014-06-17 16:09:10 CEST. --
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir systemd[1]: Started User Manager for UID 1000.
-- Subject: Unit [email protected] has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- Unit [email protected] has finished starting up.
-- The start-up result is done.
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: /usr/bin/xauth: file /home/willard/.Xauthority does not exist
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: setterm: $TERM is not defined.
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: The XKEYBOARD keymap compiler (xkbcomp) reports:
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: > Warning: Symbol map for key <RALT> redefined
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: > Using last definition for conflicting fields
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: > Warning: Type "ONE_LEVEL" has 1 levels, but <RALT> has 2 symbols
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: > Ignoring extra symbols
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: Errors from xkbcomp are not fatal to the X server
Jun 17 16:09:10 fenrir sudo[325]: willard : TTY=pts/0 ; PWD=/home/willard ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/su
Jun 17 16:09:10 fenrir sudo[325]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root by willard(uid=0)
Jun 17 16:09:10 fenrir su[326]: (to root) willard on pts/0
Jun 17 16:09:10 fenrir su[326]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user root by willard(uid=0)
[root@fenrir ~]# netctl start wired-static
Job for netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service failed. See 'systemctl status netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service' and 'journalctl -xn' for details.
[root@fenrir ~]# systemctl --type=service --no-pager
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
acpid.service loaded active running ACPI event daemon
dbus.service loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus
[email protected] loaded active running Getty on tty1
kmod-static-nodes.service loaded active exited Create list of required static device nodes for th
●netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service loaded failed failed Networking for netctl profile wired-static
slim.service loaded active running SLiM Simple Login Manager
systemd-backlight@backlight:acpi_video0.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight
systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service loaded active exited Load/Save Screen Backlight Brightness of backlight
[email protected] loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/sda1
[email protected] loaded active exited File System Check on /dev/sda3
systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service
systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service
systemd-random-seed.service loaded active exited Load/Save Random Seed
systemd-remount-fs.service loaded active exited Remount Root and Kernel File Systems
[email protected] loaded active exited Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill0
[email protected] loaded active exited Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill1
[email protected] loaded active exited Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill2
[email protected] loaded active exited Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status of rfkill3
systemd-sysctl.service loaded active exited Apply Kernel Variables
systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service loaded active exited Create Static Device Nodes in /dev
systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service loaded active exited Create Volatile Files and Directories
systemd-udev-trigger.service loaded active exited udev Coldplug all Devices
systemd-udevd.service loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager
systemd-update-utmp.service loaded active exited Update UTMP about System Boot/Shutdown
systemd-user-sessions.service loaded active exited Permit User Sessions
systemd-vconsole-setup.service loaded active exited Setup Virtual Console
[email protected] loaded active running User Manager for UID 1000
LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded.
ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB.
SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type.
27 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too.
To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
[root@fenrir ~]# systemctl status netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service
● [email protected] - Networking for netctl profile wiredx2dstatic
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]; static)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: man:netctl.profile(5)
[root@fenrir ~]# journalctl -x -n 26 --no-pager
-- Logs begin at Fri 2014-01-10 12:13:41 CET, end at Tue 2014-06-17 16:18:47 CEST. --
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir systemd[1]: Started User Manager for UID 1000.
-- Subject: Unit [email protected] has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- Unit [email protected] has finished starting up.
-- The start-up result is done.
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: /usr/bin/xauth: file /home/willard/.Xauthority does not exist
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: setterm: $TERM is not defined.
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: The XKEYBOARD keymap compiler (xkbcomp) reports:
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: > Warning: Symbol map for key <RALT> redefined
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: > Using last definition for conflicting fields
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: > Warning: Type "ONE_LEVEL" has 1 levels, but <RALT> has 2 symbols
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: > Ignoring extra symbols
Jun 17 16:08:55 fenrir slim[253]: Errors from xkbcomp are not fatal to the X server
Jun 17 16:09:10 fenrir sudo[325]: willard : TTY=pts/0 ; PWD=/home/willard ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/su
Jun 17 16:09:10 fenrir sudo[325]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root by willard(uid=0)
Jun 17 16:09:10 fenrir su[326]: (to root) willard on pts/0
Jun 17 16:09:10 fenrir su[326]: pam_unix(su:session): session opened for user root by willard(uid=0)
Jun 17 16:18:41 fenrir systemd[1]: Starting system-netctl.slice.
-- Subject: Unit system-netctl.slice has begun with start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- Unit system-netctl.slice has begun starting up.
Jun 17 16:18:41 fenrir systemd[1]: Created slice system-netctl.slice.
-- Subject: Unit system-netctl.slice has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- Unit system-netctl.slice has finished starting up.
-- The start-up result is done.
Jun 17 16:18:41 fenrir systemd[1]: Starting Networking for netctl profile wired-static...
-- Subject: Unit netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service has begun with start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- Unit netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service has begun starting up.
Jun 17 16:18:41 fenrir network[442]: Starting network profile 'wired-static'...
Jun 17 16:18:41 fenrir kernel: atl1c 0000:01:00.0: irq 46 for MSI/MSI-X
Jun 17 16:18:41 fenrir kernel: IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp1s0: link is not ready
Jun 17 16:18:47 fenrir network[442]: No connection found on interface 'enp1s0' (timeout)
Jun 17 16:18:47 fenrir network[442]: Failed to bring the network up for profile 'wired-static'
Jun 17 16:18:47 fenrir systemd[1]: netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jun 17 16:18:47 fenrir systemd[1]: Failed to start Networking for netctl profile wired-static.
-- Subject: Unit netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- Unit netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service has failed.
-- The result is failed.
Jun 17 16:18:47 fenrir systemd[1]: Unit netctl@wired\x2dstatic.service entered failed state.
Jun 17 16:18:47 fenrir systemd[1]: Starting Network.
-- Subject: Unit network.target has begun with start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- Unit network.target has begun starting up.
Jun 17 16:18:47 fenrir systemd[1]: Reached target Network.
-- Subject: Unit network.target has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
-- Unit network.target has finished starting up.
-- The start-up result is done.
Last edited by willardthor (2014-06-17 14:37:20)

There is no link. Bring the link up manually and check status with
ip link set up enp1s0
ip link enp1s0
If the link fails to come up (state other than "UP") it is likely a driver issue. If the link comes up (state UP) but status has "NO-CARRIER" it is likely a hardware issue, either one of the endpoints or the cable. First thing I would try in this case is a different cable.
You can tell netctl to bring the interface up anyway with the option in /etc/netctl/wired-static
SkipNoCarrier=yes
However, the interface will not work until the link is fixed.

Static vs. DHCP configuration: Arch-specific details

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