Terminal command that will let me access old username files...

... including files saved by timemachine?  I've had a lot of computer problems, first wiped the drive.  It was a chore getting old folders like "desktop" and "downloads" to open for me with my new username and for some reason I wasn't permitted by the system to use the OLD username.  I had to go to every folder and every item in every folder and reset permissions.
Now, it seems, I need a new drive.  Which means I have to do all those things AGAIN!  Plus re-install software.
Is there a terminal command that will let me access old timemachine drives (plural) with (unfortunately) multiple usernames?
Please don't lecture me!  I know I've been hopelessly stupid and inefficient.  I promise to do better.  At least I DID back up.

what you type is
man sudo
I presented an example, which when executed will run as "username" and display the contents of their home directory - the meaning of "ls ~username"
I suspect that this is going over your head.
double-click Applications -> Utilities -> Terminal
type and hit enter
/bin/csh
This command starts the C-Shell command line interpreter. The ~ (tilde) character is translated by the C-Shell as the users home directory. For example, "ls ~" will display the contents of my home directory (folder) which is /Users/disguise
You man want to read up on C-Shell and UNIX commands.

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