TNS errors - 8.1.7 Personal edition

Thanks to whomever replies,
I am brand new to Oracle (I am a student). Everything on the 8.1.7 seems fine when I installed it. The thing is when I attempt to log into SQL+ using scott/tiger or whatever, with or without a host I get tns errors 12560 - protocol adapter error, 12541 - no listener, and 12154 - could not resolve service name. I am using my standalone computer, and I'm not connected to any database. Oh i've read other people's forum questions and replies and have experimented by changing configurations but still no luck. Most students in my class are experiencing the same problems I have--professor really of no help. Anyones help will be deeply appreciated.

while connecting to an oracle database using any tool you have to specify a service name (net service name) to the client tool.
Service name is a combination of
Oracle SID :- each database will have a SID. In privious version its a 4 letter word like ORCL. In latest versions you can have the SID upto 8 letters. This SID is given while creating the database. In most default installations the default sid is ORCL.
Protocol information:-The protocol used to connect to the server. If you want to use TCP/IP protocol you should also provide the port number.(default 1521).
Machine name:- In which the server is installed. you can give ipaddress or machine name. if you want to know the ipaddress of your server you can use "ipconfig" in the os prompt. (in windows)
To create the service name you can use "net8 assistant" or Net8 configuration assistant. Then give the service name created as the host string while connecting to the database.

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