What is meant by assessment & distribution

Hi all SAP Experts,
can you explain this threads.
Thanks,
Tulsi.

Hi,
ASSESSMENT
A method of internal cost allocation by which the costs of a sender cost center are allocated to receiver CO objects (such as orders and other cost centers) using an assessment cost element and on the basis of the keys defined by the user.
The SAP system supports the following:
Hierarchical method (where the user determines the assessment sequence)
Iterative method (where the system determines the sequence of assessment using iteration).
DISTRIBUTION
A business transaction that allocates primary costs.
The original cost element is retained in the receiver cost center.
Information about the sender and the receiver is documented in the Controlling document
Mainly assessment is used for allocation of costs within the controlling and Distribution is used allocation of costs both within and outside the controlling i.e. in FI also.
Regards
*Pl assign points if useful

Similar Messages

Assessment,Distribution-Control Message

Dear Gurus,
This is Ram chartered Accountant. I am newly joined as Sap Consultant.
I knew normal Costing Overhead allocation, assesment, distribution but i am unable to understand that one from sap point of view.
Can any body explain or provide material regarding assessment,distribution,allocation from the point of configuration with practical examples
Thanks in advance
Ram

Dear Vamsi,
Thanks for your information. But still i have some doubts regarding when we should we define statistical key figure and when we should define activities?
What is the difference between these two items?
Is there any situation we should use both statistical key figure and activity allocation?
What all screens required to configure before running assessment and distribution cycles.
I did one assesment cycle but its giving error. I will explain what assessment cycle i did
cost centre Assemble amount i want share between Machine1 and machine 2. For that i created Stastical key using no of employees
I created the cycle using statistical key i.,e no of employees
when i run the cycle it is showing the error
"Sender base in period 001 is 0; therefore, no allocation is possible
Sender base in period 002 is 0; therefore, no allocation is possible"
LIke this 12 messages are coming
Thank in advance

Allocation vs assessment/distribution

Hi,
1 May I know what is the difference between allocation VS assessment/distribution?
I may think that allocation is ONLY from cost center to another cost center?
assessment/distribution is ONLY to another cost element?
2 what tcode to use for allocation and assessment/distribution?
Please advise.
thanks
rgds

Hi,
To me it is not general, I have to understand that before I can start doing.
I really hope I can get advice of the difference between
allocation VS assessment / distribution.
I would like to know if there is any difference of allocation against assessment or allocation against distribution.
hope can get advice.
thanks
rgds

What is meant by cost element

hi
what is meant by cost element

HI.
Differentiation of Cost Elements
Use
In call management, it is necessary to differentiate cost elements further for the settlement of orders in profitability analysis. Both the costs incurred and the sales deductions are classified according to their source, and assigned to the appropriate cost elements. For example, the following costs are differentiated:
Sales costs
Warranty costs
Good will costs
Sales deductions due to warranty
Sales deductions due to good will
The differentiation of costs and sales deductions enables you to assess more accurately the profitability of your products.
Integration
The differentiation of cost elements is only of use if the service orders are settled in profitability analysis.
Prerequisites
Resource-related billing must be performed for service orders.
You must have defined the accounting indicator in Customizing for Plant Maintenance.
When you create a service order, you define the accounting indicator in the header, under administrative data. Currently it is only possible to have one accounting indicator per order.
Once the order is released, the accounting indicator can no longer be changed in the order header.
Features
When actual postings are made for a service order, the system creates CO single records and a CO totals record. When doing this, it copies the accounting indicator defined in the order header, and enters it in the origin of the totals or single records.
In addition to the variance class and the cost element, the accounting indicator is a further characteristic of the PA transfer structure.
The transfer of the accounting indicator to the origin also makes it possible during the settlement of a service order in profitability analysis, to navigate more specifically in the PA transfer structure. The costs and sales deductions for warranty, good will, and sales are entered in the respective value fields.
Reward all helpfull answers.
Regards.
Jay

What is meant by change pointer and change request

hi,
what is meant by change pointer and change request in sap r3
plz can u any one notes or link on this , or if possible briefly tell about this..
i am looking for clear idea on this..
thanks
Ruban

With respect to Dictionary Change pointers means all the changes done to dictionary objects.
All the change logs with respect to tables are stored in CDHDR and CDPOS table
Change Pointers in broad sense are used with respect to IDOC
Change Pointers & Reduction of IDOCs.
Applications, which write change documents, will also try to write change
pointers for ALE operations. These are log entries to remember all modified
data records relevant for ALE.
Following Steps must be followed in case of Change Pointer.
1) Goto Transaction BD60.
Note down the Details of the Message Type for which change pointer has to activate. Details like Function Module, Classification Object, ALE object Type etc.
E.g. ZDEBP3
2) Next step is goto transaction BD53
Click on change button.
First select the segment for which the fields has to modified (either remove or
add ).
It will show the fields in a pop-up window where the user can select, deselect the respective fields.
Save the settings for the Message type. Dont forget to activate the change pointers by clicking Activate Change pointers button on the main screen.
3) Once the activation is done system will reset the settings for the Message type in Change pointers (BD60). Maintained the old settings for the Message type.
Check this FAQ
. Do you really need change pointers?
You need change pointers to distribute changes with the ALE SMD tool. If you do not use this tool, you do not need to write change pointers.
You can deactivate change pointers and activate them again with the transaction BD61.
2. Do you really need to activate change pointers for this messages type?
If some messages types are no longer to be distributed by change pointers, you can deactivate change pointers for this messages type.
You can deactivate change pointers for the message type
and reactivate them again.
For reduced message types, deactivate the change pointer with the
Reduction tool (transaction BD53).
3. Are there still too many change pointers to be processed?
The change pointers are analyzed with the transaction BD21 or the report RBDMIDOC in ALE and flagged as processed. If the change pointers are created periodically, this report should also run periodically.
4. Are no longer required change pointers reorganized in time?
The report RBDCPCLR (transaction BD22) to reorganize the change pointer should run periodically. Depending on how many change pointers are created or processed, you can schedule the background job hourly, daily or weekly. You should delete all obsolete and processed change pointers. You can also use this report for specified message types.
We come across change pointer technique while dealing with master data distribution thru ALE/IDOCs
When we want to reflect changes made to master data(i.e customer master, vendor master, material master ...) visible to other clients listed in customer distribution model, we follow change pointer technique.
What is customer distribution model?
A customer model depicts various messages (master data, transactional data) exchanged between the systems and establishes a sender and receiver of data
A customer model is always maintained on any system for the entire distributed network of SAP systems, so it must be distributed to various systems in the distributed network.
These r some details regarding change pointer technique which u may find it usefull.............
The change pointers technique is based on the change document technique, which tracks changes made to key documents in SAP, such as the material master, customer master, vendor master & sales orders. changes made to a document are recorded in the change document header table CHDHR, and additional change pointers are written in the BDCP table for changes relevant to ALE. BDCPS table stores the status of changed documents processed or not.
The process for distributing master data using change pointers involves the following steps.
The application writes change documents. SAP maintains change documents for
several objects in the system, such as materials, customers, invoices, and bank data, to provide an audit trail for changes made to an object. A change document object represents a set of tables for which changes are recorded. For example, the change document for the material master is named MATERIAL and it contains the various tables of the material master object, such as MARA and MARC.
When an application transaction makes changes to an object, the application writes change documents, which are stored in the CDHDR and CDPOS tables for each change made to an object.
Tip
Execute transaction SCDO to see a list of change document objects and
their tables.
The SMD (Shared Master Data) tool writes change pointers. When changes are made to an object, the SMD tool checks the ALE settings and consults the ALE distribution model to determine whether a receiver is interested in the object that was changed. If the system finds an appropriate receiver, the system creates change pointers in the BDCP table that point to change documents in the CDHDR table.
The ALE programs analyze change pointers and generate IDocs. SAP provides
standard function modules that read the change pointer table and generate IDocs for the objects that were changed. These programs are designed to ignore multiple changes and create only one IDoc. For example, if a material is changed four times before the function module is invoked, only one IDoc with the latest data from the material master data is created. The function modules are invoked by a standard report, RBDMIDOC. The selection parameters of this report allow you to specify the message type for which change pointers are to be analyzed. Configuration
you must carry out the following configuration steps to enable master data
distribution based on changes to the object.
Step 1: Enable Change Pointers Globally
Transaction: BD61
This option enables the change pointer process globally. Make sure that the flag is checked.
Step 2 :Enable Change Pointers for a Message Type
Transaction: BD50
This setting is required for activating change pointers for a specific message type.
make sure that the Active flag is checked for your message type.
Step 3 :Specify the Fields for Which Change Pointers Are to Be Written
Transaction: BD52
For standard master data objects such as the material, customer, and vendor objects, SAP already provides a list of fields for which change pointers are written. If you are satisfied with the standard set of fields, you can skip this step. If you want to add new fields, you must add entries for the required fields. If you are not interested in IDocs being generated for changes to a particular field, you can remove it from the list. For example, if you do not want to distribute the
material master for changes made to the Catalog Profile (RBNRM) field, you can delete this entry from the table.
Step 4: Changing a Field in the Master Data
Change a field in the master data object for which the change pointer is enabled. For example, if you change the net weight of a material in the material master data, a change pointer is written.
Tip : You can verify a change document and change pointer by viewing entries in
tables CDHDR and BDCP, respectively.
Step 5 :Executing Program RBDMIDOC to Process Change Pointers
Execute program RBDMIDOC to initiate the process of generating an IDoc. On the selection screen, specify the message type. For example, you can specify MATMAS. After you execute the process, it displays the number of entries processed.
Note :
Normally, you schedule this program to run frequently and start IDoc
generation for different message types.
Step 6 : View the idocs in WE02/05

What is meant by LIS Reports.

What is meant by LIS Reports. What is the use of this in R/3 Application.
Thanks and Regards,
YSR.

The SAP System offers you a wide range of information and analysis tools for sales and distribution. These provide you with a quick overview of your current business situation.
eg: You want to determine how many orders customer XY issued in the last quarter. To see this information, you can execute the report List orders. This gives you a list of orders and also contains information on the items, order value etc. You can set the scope of this list yourself.
for more information use [http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp60_sp/helpdata/en/8e/c5853488601e33e10000009b38f83b/frameset.htm]
Reward if helps
Rgds

What is meant by functun module

Hi Gurus,
Can you please explain me what is meant by function modue and importance of this?
Thanks in advance
venkat

Hi Venkat,
Your question is not clear as to whether you want to about function module in ABAP or a Functional module. Anyway..........pls find answer for both below -
ABAP function module -
Function modules are procedures that are defined in special ABAP programs only, so-called function groups, but can be called from all ABAP programs. Function groups act as containers for function modules that logically belong together. You create function groups and function modules in the ABAP Workbench using the Function Builder.
Function modules allow you to encapsulate and reuse global functions in the SAP System. They are managed in a central function library. The SAP System contains several predefined functions modules that can be called from any ABAP program. Function modules also play an important role during updating and in interaction between different SAP systems, or between SAP systems and remote systems through remote communications.
SAP Functional Module -
SAP functional module represents each functional area of an organisation. Each module helps in mapping respective business processes into SAP. The following is the broad bifurcation of Functional Modules -
ACCOUNTING - FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING Module
LOGISTICS - SALES AND DISTRIBUTION Module, MATERIALS MANAGEMENT Module, QUALITY MANAGEMENT Module, PRODUCTION PLANNING AND CONTROL Module
PLANT MAINTENANCE Module
PROJECT SYSTEM Module
HUMAN RESOURCES - HUMAN RESOURCE Module
Reward if helps
Regards
Sai

Assessment & Distribution

Hi,
What is the meaning and difference between Assessment & Distribution.
Its Urgent.
Thanks in Advance
Yours
S.VINAYA KUMAR

hi vinay,
3 Differences between Assessment & Distribution:-
a. Performance of System - Assessment takes lesser time.
b. Visibility of Sender - In assessment, visibility is lost.
c. Primary Cost Elements - Distribution is used only for Primary Cost Elements, whereas Assessment is used for Primary & Secondary Cost elements.
Activity Types & Statistical Key Figures can be related to as base in Assessment/Distribution between senders and receivers.
Assesment & Distribution
Bouth of them are used to transfer the cost form one cost center/object to another.
Assesment
Using of this you can transfer the cost form one cost center/object to another by Secondary Cost Element.
Steps
1. Goto KSU1
2. In the first step create cycle and date
3. in the second step give text
4. in third step give segment and way of assessment and assessment cost element under that give from which cost center and from which primary cost element you want to transfer the cost under give to which cost centers you want to transfer the cost.
5. mention your versa
6. in fourth step give amount are %
7. save all
8. now go to KSU5 and exquet it
Distribution
Using of this you can transfer the cost from one cost center/object to another by Primary Cost Element.
Steps
9. Goto KSV1
10. In the first step create cycle and date
11. in the second step give text
12. in third step give segment and way of assessment under that give from which cost center and from which primary cost element you want to transfer the cost under give to which cost centers you want to transfer the cost.
13. in fourth step give amount are %
14. save all
15. now go to KSV5 and exquit it
The Basic difference between an Assessment and Distribution is:
1.Assessment is done for Secondary Cost elements and Distribution is done for Primary Cost elements.
2.When you do a Assessment it creates a seperate Line Item, where as Distribution does not create a seperate Line Item. For Exp: when a Cost say salaries is transferred from X to y,when doing an Assessment, it creates a seperate Line Item in the salaries a/c of Y clearly showing the amount transferred from X, but in case of distribution, it just merges the expenses.
3.KSV5 is used for Cost Center Distribution and KSU5 for Assessment Cycle. 4KE2 is for Distribution Cycle for Profit Center and 3KE1 is for Assessment Cycle.
Hope this will give you a clear picture.
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005vp/helpdata/en/4c/dca9ed1c6611d2a5ad0000e839d005/frameset.htm
Re: What is Actual Overhead Assessment?
assign the points if helpful...
Ranjit

What is a BW datasource? What is meant by maintaining a datasource?

What is a BW datasource? What is meant by maintaining a datasource?

Hi VSU,
A BW datasource is a structure, which is created in the source system and replicated to the BW system. Maintaining a datasource in a source system is doing any changes related to the datasource. It could be adding/deleting fields or checking the flags in the datasource like the hide and selection flag. Also, if the datasource is provided in the LO Cockpit, changes can be made there too depending on how the extraction of data is made for that datasource. Extraction could be of flat file extraction or of multiple flat structures ie., hierarchies.
There are four types of DataSource:
1) DataSource for transaction data
2) DataSource for master data
      a. DataSource for attributes
      b. DataSource for texts
      c. DataSource for hierarchies
NetWeaver 7.0, a new object concept is available for DataSources. It is used in conjunction with the changed objects concepts in data flow and process design (transformation, InfoPackage for loading to the PSA, data transfer process for data distribution within BI). The object type for a DataSource in the new concept - called DataSource in the following - is R3TR RSDS. The new DataSource concept cannot be used for transferring data from external systems (metadata and data transfer using staging BAPIs), for transferring hierarchies, or when using the IDoc transfer method.
Hope this will be helpful for clearing your doubts.
Regards,
Sridhar.

What is meant by 3tier

difference between sap& erp.
what is meant by 3tier architecture?what are advantages & disadvantages of 3tier.architecture.

Hi,
SAP means System Application n Products in Data Processing.First it was an MRP package ie; Material Resource Planning. Later they thought that SAP has mnay modules like SD,MM,PP,HR FI/CO etc..... So first its the work of the HR to get the project..Later we MM people they take care of the material .....n then finance like that it has formed an organization....From then it has changed from MRP package to ERP package.We have 31 ERP packages out of them we have people soft, seibles, Oracle Finanace,L . D Edward, BAAN,RAM Co, SAP-68% etc....
In three Tire Architecture :
It is mutually independent as well as mutually independent.
It consists of Presentation layer, Application layer and Data base Layer.
Presentation Layer is a Graphical user-interface.
Application Layer deals with sales n distribution.
Data base layer consists of all the data that is required for processing.
The advantage in three tire arch is that even though if there is an error in one application module eg ; like in fi/co it does not effect the other application modules....so it is independent as well as dependent also....
It is also called as a Client-Server Architecture.
First is the Presentation Layer then comes Application Layer n then is the Data base Layer.
Dialog Server acts like an Interface between Presentation Layer n Application Layer.
Update Layer acts like an interface between Application Layer and data base layer.
So these r the main points in SAP R/3 architecture.
if useful reward with points,
with regards,
madhuri.

What is meant by costing key?

Dear Experts ,
while releasing the billing document to accounts , i am getting error like
Valuation with material cost estimate: error, The system looked for the material cost estimate using costing key "002", as defined in the Customizing settings for CO-PA, incomplete due to FI/CO interface
what is meant by costing key?
regards
rajakarthik

Hi,
In Costing based Profitability analysis you define costing keys. A costing key is a set of access parameters which are used in valuation to determine which data in Product cost planning should be read. In the costing key you attach the costing variant.
In the costing key you specify whether the system should read the current standard cost estimate, the previous standard cost estimate or the future standard cost estimate or a saved cost estimate.
The configuration settings to determine this costing key is as follows:
Assign costing keys to the products u2013 Three costing keys can be attached to a single product for a specific point of valuation, record type, plan version.
Assign costing keys to Material types
Assign costing keys to any characteristics u2013 You can use your own strategy to determine the costing keys. This is through user defined assignment tables.
regards,
Santosh kumar

Dispute Case Key (Replicated) (0DPM_D10); what is meant by Replicated?

Hi everyone,
I am working on implementing FSCM Dispute Managment module. I have some questions regarding the new standard content provided by SAP for this:
Earlier I have seen clients using the Stanadard InfoSet 0DPM_I0 for all the Dispute's reporting as it combines data from AR, Dispute Case key and 0Customer. But now I am seeing a bunch of new objects like 0DPM_M10, 0DPM_M20, 0DPM_C10, 0DPM_D10, 0DPM_DCAS_10 etc. provided by SAP as standard content.
Does any one have any experience with this new content; can anyone explain me how this new content is useful. My client is reluctant against using the standard InfoSet as its is built on two DSO's; I have suggested to build a cube on top of them and can still use an InfoSet to combine AR line items, Disputes, Dispute case key and Customer. Correct me if I am wrong with thid statement.
Also please let me know what is meant by a Replicated DSO.
Any comments or suggestions will be greatly appreciated.
Thanks & Regards,
SRV

There are a few things to consider:
 1) The data is stored in deserialized form until it is read. The first read will deserialize the data.
 2) There is some overhead per-entry. 750MB/(3,000,000-30) = ~250 bytes per entry. Some portion of this is attributable to the per-entry overhead.
 3) How did you measure memory usage? Usually invoking <tt>System.gc()</tt> before measuring heap usage will clear garbage but is not guaranteed.
 Jon Purdy
 Oracle

What is meant by criteria of Updateability in MDM Import manager

Hi,
What is meant by criteria of Updateability in MDM Import manager? i read some information, but i could understand, it says original data source be updateble. what is meant by Original data source.?
what is the use of option "Read-only" in Import manager logon screen.
Thanks

Hello Ankam,
You can check the Read-only option to prevent MDM from updating your data source.
Kindly see the below information on "DATA SOURCE UPDATES"
DATA SOURCE UPDATES
Some MDM Import Manager operations require that the original data source be updateable, thereby allowing new fields and/or entire new tables u2013 and the corresponding data values for each record u2013 to be automatically added to the data source before further processing.
Other operations simply create virtual fields in the MDM Import Manageru2019s workspace, although if the data source happens to be updateable, some of these operations instead add the new fields to the original data source as well.
NOTE ►► Updating the data source when possible allows you to
perform additional operations on the new fields as if they were part of
the original source data, and also use them as record matching fields.
NOTE ►► Fields that are added only if the data source is updateable
can be deleted automatically by the MDM Import Manager when you
exit or switch data sources based on the setting of the Delete Created
Fields on Exit configuration option.
Updateable Data Sources
Whether or not a data source is updateable depends upon the following:
u2022 Source type. The source Type must permit the MDM Import Manager to update its schema and insert the additional fields of data; some supported types are updateable and some are not.
u2022 Media. The media on which the data source resides must itself be updateable. If the media on which the data source resides is readonly, such as a CD-ROM, the data source cannot be updated.
u2022 Permissions. You must have the proper file system permissions to update the file, or the proper DBMS permissions to update the schema of the database.
u2022 Read-only option. You cannot have checked the Read-Only option, which prevents MDM from updating the data source even if the other conditions would otherwise permit it.
NOTE ►► The Read-Only option is: (1) enabled for source types that
can be updated (Access, Oracle, SQL Server, and XML); (2) disabled
and unchecked for those that use Access as an updateable staging
area (Delimited Text and Fixed Text); and (3) disabled and checked for
those that cannot be updated (Excel and ODBC).
NOTE ►► When the data source is SQL Server, the table names in
the database must not contain spaces; otherwise any operation that
would update the data source will fail.
Hope this helps.
Regards,
Vikas

What is meant by 'Business Area'

Hi all
what is meant by 'Business Area' in discoverer?
Because i have installed BI Tools Discoverer Admin and Desktop
but unable to figure out what Business Area atcually is!!!!
Thanks in advance
Regards

Hi,
what is meant by 'Business Area' in discoverer?
Business area is nothing but a set of folders specified to that responsibility.
Seems your novice so to know concepts of BI and develop discoverer reports follow this user guides which can be downloaded from oracle site.
[http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/html/B10270_01/toc.htm]
[http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B14504_01/dl/bi/B10272_01/toc.htm]
Hope this helps you,if anything more feel free to ask we are ready to help you.You will find Discoverer interesting as you go on working with it.Have a nice time working on it.
Best Wishes,
Kranthi.
Edited by: Kranthi.K on Jun 16, 2009 7:29 AM

What is meant by stacked list

hi
what is meant by stacked list

Hi Jyothsna,
A stacked list is a list used in Module Pool programming.
In an ideal scenario,you will define the screen sequence in either a static or a dynamic way.
By the statc way,you define the next screen and enter the next screen's value in it.
By the dynamic way,you code the statement CALL SCREEN XXX where the XXX means the screen number.The dynamic way overrides the static way of defining the screen sequences.
Now,if you want to insert a screen sequence,i.e a sequence of screens which are not defined in the same ABAP program,you either do it by static or the dynamic way again using the above constructs.
But in this case,a stack is loaded for a screen sequence and the screens are processed based on the sequence defined in it.
Before leaving this screen sequence,you should always destroy or delete it usng the keyword LEAVE as it occupies a lot of memory.
In case you have any further clarifications,do let me know.
Regards,
Puneet Jhari.

What is meant by assessment & distribution

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