Where the SLD is configured and running for entire landscape.
Hi!...
Where the SLD is configured and running for entire landscape.How do i find it out
i guess, it's configured on solution manager. So,how to check? Can anyone please explain me step by step.
Thanks.
Hi Irfan,
SLD is configured using SMSY transaction. You can use SMSY transaction and there you can see what are all the systems that have been added to the Solution Manager System Landscape.
Different nodes are available for products, systems, logical components in the system landscape.
Dont forget to reward for useful answers.
best regds,
Alagammai.
Similar Messages
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Hi,
I am trying to install "System Center 2012 - Virtual Machine Manager by Using a Pre-Configured VHD".
I downloaded install guide & the binaries from http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?displaylang=en&id=10712
I have followed the installation document & getting an error while configuring VMM for System Center 2012.
error details from log file given below:
01:12:24:VMMPostinstallProcessor threw an exception: Threw Exception.Type: Microsoft.Carmine.WSManWrappers.WSManProviderException, Exception.Message: An internal error has occurred trying to contact an agent on the WIN-NTJTNEJ1UCN.mydomain.com server: : .
Ensure the agent is installed and running. Ensure the WS-Management service is installed and running, then restart the agent.
01:12:24:StackTrace: at Microsoft.Carmine.WSManWrappers.ErrorContextParameterHelper.ThrowTranslatedCarmineException(WsmanSoapFault fault, COMException ce)
at Microsoft.Carmine.WSManWrappers.WsmanAPIWrapper.RetrieveUnderlyingWMIErrorAndThrow(SessionCacheElement sessionElement, COMException ce)
at Microsoft.Carmine.WSManWrappers.WsmanAPIWrapper.Invoke(String actionUri, WSManUri targetUri, Hashtable parameters, Type returnType, Boolean isCarmineMethod, Boolean forceResponseCast)
at Microsoft.Carmine.WSManWrappers.AgentManagement.AssociateLibrary(WsmanAPIWrapper wsmanObject, String CertificateSubjectName, String& ExportedCertificate, ErrorInfo& ErrorInfo)
at Microsoft.VirtualManager.Setup.VirtualMachineManagerHelpers.AssociateAgentServer(String fullyQualifiedServerName)
at Microsoft.VirtualManager.Setup.VirtualMachineManagerHelpers.AssociateDefaultLibraryServer()
at Microsoft.VirtualManager.Setup.VirtualMachineManagerHelpers.SetupLibraryShare()
at Microsoft.VirtualManager.Setup.InstallItemCustomDelegates.PangaeaServerPostinstallProcessor()
01:12:24:InnerException.Type: System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException, InnerException.Message: There is a time and/or date difference between the client and server.
01:12:24:InnerException.StackTrace: at WSManAutomation.IWSManSession.Invoke(String actionUri, Object resourceUri, String parameters, Int32 flags)
at Microsoft.Carmine.WSManWrappers.MyIWSManSession.Invoke(String actionUri, Object resourceUri, String parameters, Int32 flags)
at Microsoft.Carmine.WSManWrappers.WsmanAPIWrapper.Invoke(String actionUri, WSManUri targetUri, Hashtable parameters, Type returnType, Boolean isCarmineMethod, Boolean forceResponseCast)
01:12:24:ProcessInstalls: Running the PostProcessDelegate returned false.
01:12:24:ProcessInstalls: Running the PostProcessDelegate for PangaeaServer failed.... This is a fatal item. Setting rollback.
01:12:24:SetProgressScreen: FinishMinorStep.
01:12:24:ProcessInstalls: Rollback is set and we are not doing an uninstall so we will stop processing installs
I have completed MSSQL server configuration and while configuring VMM the below error displayed in the wizard:
An internal error has occurred trying to contact an agent on the WIN-NTJTNEJ1UCN.mydomain.com server: : .
Ensure the agent is installed and running. Ensure the WS-Management service is installed and running, then restart the agent.
I have checked that the following services are running:
1) Verified WS-Management srvice 2) MSSQL server + MSSQL (agent) 3)SC VM Manager Agent 4) Windows management instrumentation .
I have joined the VM (on which installing SC VMM) in a domain(as per install guide) and installing VMM using domain account & it is in local Administrators group.
Also I would like know if there is any stand alone SC VMM installer. If yes then please let me know the installer location & install guide.
thanks.
====Have you installed AppController on the same machine with VMM?
-
Tool like PathPing that can pinpoint packet loss and can be configured to run for 24 hours
Does anybody know if there is a simple tool like PathPing that can pinpoint packet loss and can be configured to run for eg. 24 hours. I need it for windows XP preferable a cmd line tool like PathPing. Thanks Simon.
Thanks for your answer. I already downloaded winmtr.
Regards
Simon
From:
namohamm
To:
Simon Vyrdal/Sweden/Contr/IBM@IBMSE
Date:
2010-12-30 08:29
Subject:
New message: "Tool like PathPing that can pinpoint
packet loss and can be configured to run for 24 hours"
simonvyrdal,
A new message was posted in the Discussion thread "Tool like PathPing that
can pinpoint packet loss and can be configured to run for 24 hours":
https://supportforums.cisco.com/message/3258861#3258861
Author : Nael Mohammad
Profile : https://supportforums.cisco.com/people/namohamm
Message: -
Hopefully this will save somebody some trouble.
Running 64bit Enterprise SQL and SSAS with Service pack 2 installed.
Also running Proclarity so 32bit mode Reporting Services is running.
When trying to create a linked server to my OLAP database I was continually getting the following Error:
OLE DB provider 'MSOLAP' cannot be used for distributed queries because the provider is configured to run in single-threaded apartment mode. (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 7308)
Many posts suggested I select the "in Proc" check box under the olap provider, but this did not help.
Finally, instead of using the IDE to create the linked server I used a script to call sp_addlinkedserver and used @provider='MSOLAP.3'. This fixed the problem.
If you have a more clear idea of why I was having the issue in the first place, feel free to let me know what you think.Try this thread:
https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/sqlserver/en-US/f02a3921-7d0b-4038-97bb-9f17d381b345/linked-ssas-server-fails?forum=sqlanalysisservices
Talk to me now on -
My Windows 7 Professional desktop system hard disk got corrupted and I took the opportunity to install an SSD for a new system disk and reinstall Windows. The system is up and running on the SSD, with my old system disk now used for storage as it is still readable. The only Adobe product I have reinstalled so far is Reader XI but I would like to reinstall Elements 8 and Acrobat 9 without taking up more licences as both are also installed on my laptop. Can you point me to the best way to do this? - Thanks
If you have the two allotted activations already and one was lost on the hard drive that failed then you need to contact Adobe Support thru chat and ask them to reset your activations.
For the link below click the Still Need Help? option in the blue area at the bottom and choose the chat option...
Serial number and activation chat support (non-CC)
http://helpx.adobe.com/x-productkb/global/service1.html ( http://adobe.ly/1aYjbSC ) -
if i bought my ipod touch 32gb in germany where the voltage is 220v and i live in America where the voltage is 110, i will have to wait to get to my home to charge it for first time or I can charge it here and change the voltage of the battery in America?
please i need help, im worried that if I connect my ipod here, it will burn or sometihng bad.Just connect it to a computer's USB port.
Most wall chargers are dual voltage (110- 220 volts) and only require a plug adopter. Check the wall charger to see if yours is. -
my disk drive will start up when i plug it in, and runs for about 30 seconds, but wont get recognized in my computer. It used to show up in the finder but that doesnt happen anymore
If you go to Disk Utility, can you see the drive on the left hand side? If not, then the drive is dead. You'll have to buy a new drive.
Also, this forum is "Older Hardware". We specialise in hardware from the 1980s. -
When I try to sync I get a message that says "waiting for items the sync" then it just stays there and runs for as long as I keep it hooked up. Any ideas?
I have tried everything I could to fix this, but some things require actually being on Firefox, and since I cannot get on, I cannot click on the tabs to do it. I have even totally uninstalled firefox, and that has not fixed this. I still get the same message that firefox is running and I need to close it or restart (which I have also tried dozens of times). I have removed things like Java, and that has not helped either. If I cannot even get on line in firefox, how can I fix this. I am not crazy about using internet explorer, but right now, it is my only option. I even tried to start in safe mode, and the same message box pops up!
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Where can I download SDK and examples for the Calendar API?
Where can I download SDK and examples for the Calendar API?
Hi - Please take a look at the Workspace application developers guides for Web Services and Java. http://www.oracle.com/pls/cs101/portal.portal_cs?selected=5
That will get you started.
You will have to use WSDL2Java to generate the stubs but it works fairly well. -
Where can I download SDK and examples for the Workspace API?
Where can I download SDK and examples for the Workspace API?
Hi - Please take a look at the Workspace application developers guides for Web Services and Java. http://www.oracle.com/pls/cs101/portal.portal_cs?selected=5
That will get you started.
You will have to use WSDL2Java to generate the stubs but it works fairly well. -
hi, my macbook 13" retina [a week old] keeps having problems where the keys/trackpad freeze and other times OS crashes itself. has anyone found/been given a solution? i cant get an applecare appt for 2weeks.
Book your Apple appointment now, in the mean time you can try a SMC reset.
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3964
1 week old !, call Apple and tell them you need a priority appointment at a genius bar.
http://www.apple.com/support/contact/
http://www.apple.com/retail/
1-800-692-7753
Explain that he MBP is 1 week old, and you need it ASAP, they seem to be very responsive to these kind of issuses.
All the best -
With Vignesh R. P.
Welcome to the Cisco Support Community Ask the Expert conversation.This is an opportunity to learn and ask questions about concept, configuration and troubleshooting Layer 2 MPLS VPN - Any Transport over MPLS (AToM) with Vignesh R. P.
Cisco Any Transport over MPLS (AToM) is a solution for transporting Layer 2 packets over an MPLS backbone. It enables Service Providers to supply connectivity between customer sites with existing data link layer (Layer 2) networks via a single, integrated, packet-based network infrastructure: a Cisco MPLS network. Instead of using separate networks with network management environments, service providers can deliver Layer 2 connections over an MPLS backbone. AToM provides a common framework to encapsulate and transport supported Layer 2 traffic types over an MPLS network core.
Vignesh R. P. is a customer support engineer in the Cisco High Touch Technical Support center in Bangalore, India, supporting Cisco's major service provider customers in routing and MPLS technologies. His areas of expertise include routing, switching, and MPLS. Previously at Cisco he worked as a network consulting engineer for enterprise customers. He has been in the networking industry for 8 years and holds CCIE certification in the Routing & Switching and Service Provider tracks.
Remember to use the rating system to let Vignesh know if you have received an adequate response.
Vignesh might not be able to answer each question due to the volume expected during this event. Remember that you can continue the conversation on the Service Provider sub-community discussion forum shortly after the event. This event lasts through through September 21, 2012. Visit this forum often to view responses to your questions and the questions of other community members.Hi Tenaro,
AToM stands for Any Transport over MPLS and it is Cisco's terminology used for Layer 2 MPLS VPN or Virtual Private Wire Service. It is basically a Layer 2 Point-to-Point Service. AToM basically supports various Layer 2 protocols like Ethernet, HDLC, PPP, ATM and Frame Relay.
The customer routers interconnect with the service provider routers at Layer 2. AToM eliminates the need for the legacy network from the service provider carrying these kinds of traffic and integrates this service into the MPLS network that already transports the MPLS VPN traffic.
AToM is an open standards-based architecture that uses the label switching architecture of MPLS and can be integrated into any network that is running MPLS. The advantage to the customer is that they do not need to change anything. Their routers that are connecting to the service provider routers can still use the same Layer 2 encapsulation type as before and do not need to run an IP routing protocol to the provider edge routers as in the MPLS VPN solution.
The service provider does not need to change anything on the provider (P) routers in the core of the MPLS network. The intelligence to support AToM sits entirely on the PE routers. The core label switching routers (LSRs) only switch labeled packets, whereas the edge LSRs impose and dispose of labels on the Layer 2 frames.
Whereas pseudowire is a connection between the PE routers and emulates a wire that is carrying Layer 2 frames. Pseudowires use tunneling. The Layer 2 frames are encapsulated into a labeled (MPLS) packet. The result is that the specific Layer 2 service—its operation and characteristics—is emulated across a Packet Switched Network.
Another technology that more or less achieves the result of AToM is L2TPV3. In the case of L2TPV3 Layer 2 frames are encapsulated into an IP packet instead of a labelled MPLS packet.
Hope the above explanation helps you. Kindly revert incase of further clarification required.
Thanks & Regards,
Vignesh R P -
How to kill Forms Runaway Process using 95% CPU and running for 2 hours.
We had a situation at E-Business Suite customer (using Oracle VM server) where some of Form processes were not being cleared by form timeout settings automatically.
Also when user exits the form session from front end, the linux form process (PID) and DB session did not exit properly, so they got hung.
They were spiking CPU and memory usage and causing e-business suite to perform slowely and ultimately causing VM host to reboot the production VM guest (running on Linux).
We could see the form processes (PIDs) using almost 100% cpu with "top" command and running for a long time.
Also we verified those Form Sessions did not exist in the application itself.
ie. Using from Grid Control -> OAM-> Site Map -> Monitoring (tab) -> "Form Sessions".
It means that we could safely kill that form process from Linux using "kill -9 <PID>" command.
But that required a continuous monitoring and manual DBA intervention as customer is 24x7 customer.
So, I wrote a shell script to do the following;
• Cron job runs every half an hour 7 days a week which calls this shell script.
• Shell script runs and tries to find "top two" f60webmx processes (form sessions) using over 95% cpu with 2 minutes interval.
• If no process is found or CPU% is less than 95%, it exits and does nothing.
• If top process is found, it searches for its DB session using apps login (with hidden apps password file - /home/applmgr/.pwd).
a. If DB session is NOT found (which means form process is hung), it kills the process from unix and emails results to <[email protected]>
b. If DB session is found, it waits for 2 hours so that form process times automatically via form session timeout setting.
It also emails the SQL to check the DB session for that form process.
c. If DB session is found and it does not timeout after 2 hours,
it kills the process from unix (which in turn kills the DB session). Output is emailed.
This are the files required for this;
1. Cron job which calls the shell script looks like this;
# Kill form runaway process, using over 95% cpu having no DB session or DB session for > 2hrs
00,30 * * * * /home/applmgr/forms_runaway.sh 2>&1
2. SQL that this script calls is /home/applmgr/frm_runaway.sql and looks like;
set head off
set verify off
set feedback off
set pagesize 0
define form_client_PID = &1
select count(*) from v$session s , v$process p, FND_FORM_SESSIONS_V f where S.AUDSID=f.audsid and p.addr=s.paddr and s.process='&form_client_PID';
3. Actual shell script is /home/applmgr/forms_runaway.sh and looks like;
# Author : Amandeep Singh
# Description : Kills runaway form processes using more than 95% cpu
# and Form Session with no DB session or DB session > 2hrs
# Dated : 11-April-2012
#!/bin/bash
. /home/applmgr/.bash_profile
PWD=`cat ~/.pwd`
export PWD
echo "`date`">/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "----------------------------------">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
VAR1=`top -b -u applmgr -n 1|grep f60webmx|grep -v sh|grep -v awk|grep -v top|sort -nrk9|head -2|sed 's/^[ \t]*//;s/[ \t]*$//'| awk '{ if ($9 > 95 && $12 = "f60webmx") print $1 " "$9 " "$11 " "$12; }'`
PID1=`echo $VAR1|awk '{print $1}'`
CPU1=`echo $VAR1|awk '{print $2}'`
TIME1=`echo $VAR1|awk '{print $3}'`
PROG1=`echo $VAR1|awk '{print $4}'`
PID_1=`echo $VAR1|awk '{print $5}'`
CPU_1=`echo $VAR1|awk '{print $6}'`
TIME_1=`echo $VAR1|awk '{print $7}'`
PROG_1=`echo $VAR1|awk '{print $8}'`
echo "PID1="$PID1", CPU%="$CPU1", Running Time="$TIME1", Program="$PROG1>>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "PID_1="$PID_1", CPU%="$CPU_1", Running Time="$TIME_1", Program="$PROG_1>>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo " ">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
sleep 120
echo "`date`">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "----------------------------------">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
VAR2=`top -b -u applmgr -n 1|grep f60webmx|grep -v sh|grep -v awk|grep -v top|sort -nrk9|head -2|sed 's/^[ \t]*//;s/[ \t]*$//'| awk '{ if ($9 > 95 && $12 = "f60webmx") print $1 " "$9 " "$11 " "$12; }'`
PID2=`echo $VAR2|awk '{print $1}'`
CPU2=`echo $VAR2|awk '{print $2}'`
TIME2=`echo $VAR2|awk '{print $3}'`
PROG2=`echo $VAR2|awk '{print $4}'`
PID_2=`echo $VAR2|awk '{print $5}'`
CPU_2=`echo $VAR2|awk '{print $6}'`
TIME_2=`echo $VAR2|awk '{print $7}'`
PROG_2=`echo $VAR2|awk '{print $8}'`
HRS=`echo $TIME1|cut -d: -f1`
exprHRS=`expr "$HRS"`
echo "PID2="$PID2", CPU%="$CPU2", Running Time="$TIME2", Program="$PROG2>>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "PID_2="$PID_2", CPU%="$CPU_2", Running Time="$TIME_2", Program="$PROG_2>>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo " ">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
# If PID1 or PID2 is NULL
if [ -z ${PID1} ] || [ -z ${PID2} ]
then
echo "no top processes found. Either PID is NULL OR CPU% is less than 95%. Exiting...">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
elif
# If PID1 is equal to PID2 or PID1=PID_2 or PID_1=PID2 or PID_1=PID_2
[ ${PID1} -eq ${PID2} ] || [ ${PID1} -eq ${PID_2} ] || [ ${PID_1} -eq ${PID2} ] || [ ${PID_1} -eq ${PID_2} ];
then
DB_SESSION=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqlplus -S apps/$PWD @/home/applmgr/frm_runaway.sql $PID1 << EOF
EOF`
echo " ">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "DB_SESSION ="$DB_SESSION >>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
# if no DB session found for PID
if [ $DB_SESSION -eq 0 ] then
echo " ">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "Killed Following Runaway Forms Process:">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "-------------------------------------------------------------------">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "PID="$PID1", CPU%="$CPU1", Running Time="$TIME1", Program="$PROG1>>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
kill -9 $PID1
#Email the output
mailx -s "Killed: `hostname -a` Runaway Form Processes" [email protected] </tmp/runaway_forms.log
cat /tmp/runaway_forms.log
else
# If DB session exists for PID
if [ ${exprHRS} -gt 120 ]; then
echo $DB_SESSION "of Database sessions exist for this forms process-PID="$PID1". But its running for more than 2 hours. ">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "Process running time is "$exprHRS" minutes.">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "Killed Following Runaway Forms Process:">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "-------------------------------------------------------------------">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "PID="$PID1", CPU%="$CPU1", Running Time="$TIME1", Program="$PROG1>>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
kill -9 $PID1
#Email the output
mailx -s "`hostname -a`: Runaway Form Processes" [email protected] </tmp/runaway_forms.log
cat /tmp/runaway_forms.log
else
echo "Process running time is "$exprHRS" minutes.">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo $DB_SESSION "of Database sessions exist for PID="$PID1" and is less than 2 hours old. Not killing...">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "For more details on this PID, run following SQL query;">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "-----------------------------------------------------------------------">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "set pages 9999 lines 150">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "select f.user_form_name, f.user_name, p.spid DB_OS_ID , s.process client_os_id,, s.audsid, f.PROCESS_SPID Forms_SPID,">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "to_char(s.logon_time,'DD-Mon-YY hh:mi:ss'), s.seconds_in_wait">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "from v\$session s , v\$process p, FND_FORM_SESSIONS_V f">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
echo "where S.AUDSID=f.audsid and p.addr=s.paddr and s.process='"$PID1"' order by p.spid;">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
mailx -s "`hostname -a`: Runaway Form Processes" [email protected] </tmp/runaway_forms.log
cat /tmp/runaway_forms.log
fi
fi
else
#if PID1 and PID2 are not equal or CPU% is less than 95%.
echo "No unique CPU hogging form processes found. Exiting...">>/tmp/runaway_forms.log
cat /tmp/runaway_forms.log
fi
If you have the same problem with some other unix and DB processes, the script can be easily modified and used.
But use this with thorough testing first (by commenting out <kill -9 $PID1> lines.
Good luck.
Edited by: R12_AppsDBA on 19/04/2012 13:10Thanks for sharing the script!
Hussein -
What is the best malwear detection and protection for use on a Mac?
What is the best malwear detection and protection for use on a Mac?
Mac users often ask whether they should install "anti-virus" software. The answer usually given on ASC is "no." The answer is right, but it may give the wrong impression that there is no threat from what are loosely called "viruses." There is a threat, and you need to educate yourself about it.
1. This is a comment on what you should—and should not—do to protect yourself from malicious software ("malware") that circulates on the Internet and gets onto a computer as an unintended consequence of the user's actions. It does not apply to software, such as keystroke loggers, that may be installed deliberately by an intruder who has hands-on access to the computer, or who has been able to log in to it remotely. That threat is in a different category, and there's no easy way to defend against it.
The comment is long because the issue is complex. The key points are in sections 5, 6, and 10.
OS X now implements three layers of built-in protection specifically against malware, not counting runtime protections such as execute disable, sandboxing, system library randomization, and address space layout randomization that may also guard against other kinds of exploits.
2. All versions of OS X since 10.6.7 have been able to detect known Mac malware in downloaded files, and to block insecure web plugins. This feature is transparent to the user. Internally Apple calls it "XProtect."
The malware recognition database used by XProtect is automatically updated; however, you shouldn't rely on it, because the attackers are always at least a day ahead of the defenders.
The following caveats apply to XProtect:
☞ It can be bypassed by some third-party networking software, such as BitTorrent clients and Java applets.
☞ It only applies to software downloaded from the network. Software installed from a CD or other media is not checked.
As new versions of OS X are released, it's not clear whether Apple will indefinitely continue to maintain the XProtect database of older versions such as 10.6. The security of obsolete system versions may eventually be degraded. Security updates to the code of obsolete systems will stop being released at some point, and that may leave them open to other kinds of attack besides malware.
3. Starting with OS X 10.7.5, there has been a second layer of built-in malware protection, designated "Gatekeeper" by Apple. By default, applications and Installer packages downloaded from the network will only run if they're digitally signed by a developer with a certificate issued by Apple. Software certified in this way hasn't necessarily been tested by Apple, but you can be reasonably sure that it hasn't been modified by anyone other than the developer. His identity is known to Apple, so he could be held legally responsible if he distributed malware. That may not mean much if the developer lives in a country with a weak legal system (see below.)
Gatekeeper doesn't depend on a database of known malware. It has, however, the same limitations as XProtect, and in addition the following:
☞ It can easily be disabled or overridden by the user.
☞ A malware attacker could get control of a code-signing certificate under false pretenses, or could simply ignore the consequences of distributing codesigned malware.
☞ An App Store developer could find a way to bypass Apple's oversight, or the oversight could fail due to human error.
Apple has so far failed to revoke the codesigning certificates of some known abusers, thereby diluting the value of Gatekeeper and the Developer ID program. These failures don't involve App Store products, however.
For the reasons given, App Store products, and—to a lesser extent—other applications recognized by Gatekeeper as signed, are safer than others, but they can't be considered absolutely safe. "Sandboxed" applications may prompt for access to private data, such as your contacts, or for access to the network. Think before granting that access. Sandbox security is based on user input. Never click through any request for authorization without thinking.
4. Starting with OS X 10.8.3, a third layer of protection has been added: a "Malware Removal Tool" (MRT). MRT runs automatically in the background when you update the OS. It checks for, and removes, malware that may have evaded the other protections via a Java exploit (see below.) MRT also runs when you install or update the Apple-supplied Java runtime (but not the Oracle runtime.) Like XProtect, MRT is effective against known threats, but not against unknown ones. It notifies you if it finds malware, but otherwise there's no user interface to MRT.
5. The built-in security features of OS X reduce the risk of malware attack, but they are not, and never will be, complete protection. Malware is foremost a problem of human behavior, and no technological fix alone is going to solve it. Trusting software to protect you will only make you more vulnerable.
The best defense is always going to be your own intelligence. With the possible exception of Java exploits, all known malware circulating on the Internet that affects a fully-updated installation of OS X 10.6 or later takes the form of so-called "Trojan horses," which can only have an effect if the victim is duped into running them. The threat therefore amounts to a battle of wits between you and Internet criminals. If you're better informed than they think you are, you'll win. That means, in practice, that you always stay within a safe harbor of computing practices. How do you know when you're leaving the safe harbor? Below are some warning signs of danger.
Software from an untrustworthy source
☞ Software of any kind is distributed via BitTorrent, or Usenet, or on a website that also distributes pirated music or movies.
☞ Software with a corporate brand, such as Adobe Flash Player, doesn't come directly from the developer’s website. Do not trust an alert from any website to update Flash, or your browser, or any other software.
☞ Rogue websites such as Softonic, Soft32, and CNET Download distribute free applications that have been packaged in a superfluous "installer."
☞ The software is advertised by means of spam or intrusive web ads. Any ad, on any site, that includes a direct link to a download should be ignored.
Software that is plainly illegal or does something illegal
☞ High-priced commercial software such as Photoshop is "cracked" or "free."
☞ An application helps you to infringe copyright, for instance by circumventing the copy protection on commercial software, or saving streamed media for reuse without permission. All "YouTube downloaders" are in this category, though not all are necessarily malicious.
Conditional or unsolicited offers from strangers
☞ A telephone caller or a web page tells you that you have a “virus” and offers to help you remove it. (Some reputable websites did legitimately warn visitors who were infected with the "DNSChanger" malware. That exception to this rule no longer applies.)
☞ A web site offers free content such as video or music, but to use it you must install a “codec,” “plug-in,” "player," "downloader," "extractor," or “certificate” that comes from that same site, or an unknown one.
☞ You win a prize in a contest you never entered.
☞ Someone on a message board such as this one is eager to help you, but only if you download an application of his choosing.
☞ A "FREE WI-FI !!!" network advertises itself in a public place such as an airport, but is not provided by the management.
☞ Anything online that you would expect to pay for is "free."
Unexpected events
☞ A file is downloaded automatically when you visit a web page, with no other action on your part. Delete any such file without opening it.
☞ You open what you think is a document and get an alert that it's "an application downloaded from the Internet." Click Cancel and delete the file. Even if you don't get the alert, you should still delete any file that isn't what you expected it to be.
☞ An application does something you don't expect, such as asking for permission to access your contacts, your location, or the Internet for no obvious reason.
☞ Software is attached to email that you didn't request, even if it comes (or seems to come) from someone you trust.
I don't say that leaving the safe harbor just once will necessarily result in disaster, but making a habit of it will weaken your defenses against malware attack. Any of the above scenarios should, at the very least, make you uncomfortable.
6. Java on the Web (not to be confused with JavaScript, to which it's not related, despite the similarity of the names) is a weak point in the security of any system. Java is, among other things, a platform for running complex applications in a web page, on the client. That was always a bad idea, and Java's developers have proven themselves incapable of implementing it without also creating a portal for malware to enter. Past Java exploits are the closest thing there has ever been to a Windows-style virus affecting OS X. Merely loading a page with malicious Java content could be harmful.
Fortunately, client-side Java on the Web is obsolete and mostly extinct. Only a few outmoded sites still use it. Try to hasten the process of extinction by avoiding those sites, if you have a choice. Forget about playing games or other non-essential uses of Java.
Java is not included in OS X 10.7 and later. Discrete Java installers are distributed by Apple and by Oracle (the developer of Java.) Don't use either one unless you need it. Most people don't. If Java is installed, disable it—not JavaScript—in your browsers.
Regardless of version, experience has shown that Java on the Web can't be trusted. If you must use a Java applet for a task on a specific site, enable Java only for that site in Safari. Never enable Java for a public website that carries third-party advertising. Use it only on well-known, login-protected, secure websites without ads. In Safari 6 or later, you'll see a lock icon in the left side of the address bar when visiting a secure site.
Stay within the safe harbor, and you’ll be as safe from malware as you can practically be. The rest of this comment concerns what you should not do to protect yourself.
7. Never install any commercial "anti-virus" (AV) or "Internet security" products for the Mac, as they are all worse than useless. If you need to be able to detect Windows malware in your files, use one of the free security apps in the Mac App Store—nothing else.
Why shouldn't you use commercial AV products?
☞ To recognize malware, the software depends on a database of known threats, which is always at least a day out of date. This technique is a proven failure, as a major AV software vendor has admitted. Most attacks are "zero-day"—that is, previously unknown. Recognition-based AV does not defend against such attacks, and the enterprise IT industry is coming to the realization that traditional AV software is worthless.
☞ Its design is predicated on the nonexistent threat that malware may be injected at any time, anywhere in the file system. Malware is downloaded from the network; it doesn't materialize from nowhere. In order to meet that nonexistent threat, commercial AV software modifies or duplicates low-level functions of the operating system, which is a waste of resources and a common cause of instability, bugs, and poor performance.
☞ By modifying the operating system, the software may also create weaknesses that could be exploited by malware attackers.
☞ Most importantly, a false sense of security is dangerous.
8. An AV product from the App Store, such as "ClamXav," has the same drawback as the commercial suites of being always out of date, but it does not inject low-level code into the operating system. That doesn't mean it's entirely harmless. It may report email messages that have "phishing" links in the body, or Windows malware in attachments, as infected files, and offer to delete or move them. Doing so will corrupt the Mail database. The messages should be deleted from within the Mail application.
An AV app is not needed, and cannot be relied upon, for protection against OS X malware. It's useful, if at all, only for detecting Windows malware, and even for that use it's not really effective, because new Windows malware is emerging much faster than OS X malware.
Windows malware can't harm you directly (unless, of course, you use Windows.) Just don't pass it on to anyone else. A malicious attachment in email is usually easy to recognize by the name alone. An actual example:
London Terror Moovie.avi [124 spaces] Checked By Norton Antivirus.exe
You don't need software to tell you that's a Windows trojan. Software may be able to tell you which trojan it is, but who cares? In practice, there's no reason to use recognition software unless an organizational policy requires it. Windows malware is so widespread that you should assume it's in every email attachment until proven otherwise. Nevertheless, ClamXav or a similar product from the App Store may serve a purpose if it satisfies an ill-informed network administrator who says you must run some kind of AV application. It's free and it won't handicap the system.
The ClamXav developer won't try to "upsell" you to a paid version of the product. Other developers may do that. Don't be upsold. For one thing, you should not pay to protect Windows users from the consequences of their choice of computing platform. For another, a paid upgrade from a free app will probably have all the disadvantages mentioned in section 7.
9. It seems to be a common belief that the built-in Application Firewall acts as a barrier to infection, or prevents malware from functioning. It does neither. It blocks inbound connections to certain network services you're running, such as file sharing. It's disabled by default and you should leave it that way if you're behind a router on a private home or office network. Activate it only when you're on an untrusted network, for instance a public Wi-Fi hotspot, where you don't want to provide services. Disable any services you don't use in the Sharing preference pane. All are disabled by default.
10. As a Mac user, you don't have to live in fear that your computer may be infected every time you install software, read email, or visit a web page. But neither can you assume that you will always be safe from exploitation, no matter what you do. Navigating the Internet is like walking the streets of a big city. It's as safe or as dangerous as you choose to make it. The greatest harm done by security software is precisely its selling point: it makes people feel safe. They may then feel safe enough to take risks from which the software doesn't protect them. Nothing can lessen the need for safe computing practices. -
I would appreciate it if someone could advise me as to the optimum resolution, dimensions and dpi for actual photographic slides that I am scanning for use in a Keynote Presentation, that will be projected in a large auditorium. I realize that most projectors in auditoriums that I will be using have 1024 x 1200 pixels, and possibly 1600 x 1200. There is no reference to this issue in the Keynote Tutorial supplied by Apple, and I have never found a definitive answer to this issue online (although there may be one).
Here’s my question: When scanning my photographic slides, what setting, from 72 dpi to 300 dpi, would result in the best image quality and use up the most efficient amount of space?
Here’s what two different photo slide scanning service suppliers have told me:
Supplier No. 1 tells me that they can scan slides to a size of 1544 x 1024 pixels, at 72 dpi, which will be 763 KB, and they refer to this as low resolution (a JPEG). However, I noticed when I looked at these scanned slides, the size of the slides varied, with a maximum of 1.8 MB. This supplier says that the dpi doesn’t matter when it comes to the quality of the final digital image, that it is the dimensions that matter. They say that if they scanned a slide to a higher resolution (2048 x 3072), they would still scan it at 72 dpi.
Supplier No. 2: They tell me that in order to have a high quality image made from a photographic slide (starting with a 35 mm slide, in all cases), I need to have a “1280 pixel dimension slide, a JPEG, at 300 dpi, that is 8 MB per image.” However, this supplier also offers, on its list of services, a “Standard Resolution JPEG (4MB file/image – 3088 x 2048), as well as a “High Resolution JPEG (8 MB file/image – 3088x2048).
I will be presenting my Keynotes with my MacBook Pro, and will not have a chance to try out the presentations in advance, since the lecture location is far from my home, so that is not an option.
I do not want to use up more memory than necessary on my laptop. I also want to have the best quality image.
One more question: When scanning images myself, on my own scanner, for my Keynote presentations, would I be better off scanning them as JPEGs or TIFFs? I have been told that a TIFF is better because it is less compressed.
Any enlightenment on this subject would be appreciated.
Thank you.When it comes to Keynote, I try and start with a presentation that's 1680 x 1050 preset or something in that range. Most projectors that you'll get at a conference won't project much higher than that and if they run at a lower resolution, it's better to have the device downsize your Keynote. Anything is better than having the projector try and upsize your presentation... you work hard to make it look good, and it's mangled by some tired Epson projector.
As far as slides go, scan them in at 150 dpi or better, and make them at least the dimensions of your presentation. Keynote is really only wanting 72dpi, but I do them at 150, just in case I need to print out the presentation as a handout later, and having the pix at 150 dpi gives me a little help with their quality on a printer.
You'd probably have to drop in the 150 versions again if you output the Keynote to .pdf or Word or something, but at least you have the option.
And Gary's right (above) go ahead and scan them as TIFFs. Sooner or later you'll want to do something else with these slides (like make something for an iPad or the like) and having them as TIFFs keeps your presentation looking good.
Finally, and this is a big one, get to the location for your presentation ahead of time if you can, and plug the laptop in and see what you get. There's always connection problems. Don't let the AV bonehead tell you everything will work just fine ('... I don't have any adapters for a Mac...') . See it for yourself... you're the one that's standing up there. Unless it's your boss, then you better be really sure it works.
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