Which process reads the spfile/init.ora file

Hi,
When we start the Oracle DB using "STARTUP" command, which background process reads the spfile/init.ora file?
Also on startup, which process reads the control file?

Hi,
I think the oracle executable.. In the alert log file below you can see that spfile is read first. After that the oracle background processes are initialized.
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
****************** Large Pages Information *****************
Total Shared Global Region in Large Pages = 0 KB (0%)
Large Pages used by this instance: 0 (0 KB)
Large Pages unused system wide = 0 (0 KB) (alloc incr 4096 KB)
Large Pages configured system wide = 0 (0 KB)
Large Page size = 2048 KB
Using parameter settings in server-side spfile /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileDB01.ora
System parameters with non-default values:
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=30425
Tue Aug 13 10:45:51 2013
PSP0 started with pid=3, OS id=30427
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
VKTM started with pid=4, OS id=30429 at elevated priority
VKTM running at (1)millisec precision with DBRM quantum (100)ms
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
GEN0 started with pid=5, OS id=30433
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
DIAG started with pid=6, OS id=30435
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
DBRM started with pid=7, OS id=30437
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
DIA0 started with pid=8, OS id=30439
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
MMAN started with pid=9, OS id=30441
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
DBW0 started with pid=10, OS id=30443
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
LGWR started with pid=11, OS id=30445
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
CKPT started with pid=12, OS id=30447
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
SMON started with pid=13, OS id=30449
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
RECO started with pid=14, OS id=30451
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
MMON started with pid=15, OS id=30453
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
MMNL started with pid=16, OS id=30455
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
ORACLE_BASE from environment = /u01/app/oracle
Tue Aug 13 10:45:52 2013
ALTER DATABASE MOUNT
Cheers
Legatti

Similar Messages

How to establish a single init.ora file for 3 node RAC under ASM

All,
Our environment is a combination of several different memory sized SUN machines (V880, V490 & 250R).
Setting up a single init.ora file that encompasses each of the nodes memory into the SGA sizing is our desired setup.
Though we have established the file, the question is getting each NODE on the RAC to use that single parameter
file to start its database instead of taking the default init.ora file in the default (asm/dbs) directory.
As we have performed fail-over testing, upon the restart of instances they have restarted with wrong memory
definitions that have hung the nodes when it took more memory then what was available and swap space began
to grow.
Steps to configure and enable this process is what I am looking for.
Thanks
Gerry

Gerry,
Here's what we do. Not sure if it is relevant to your situation ...
(on each node)
$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initrac11d1.ora
SPFILE='+DATA/rac11d/spfilerac11d.ora'
(in ASM)
$ asmcmd
ASMCMD> ls -la +data/rac11d
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
Y CONTROLFILE/
Y DATAFILE/
Y ONLINELOG/
Y PARAMETERFILE/
Y TEMPFILE/
N spfilerac11d.ora => +DATA/RAC11D/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.267.685170285
The spfile has all parameters, qualified by node where applicable. For example :
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.7.0 - Production on Wed May 6 19:00:45 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2008, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Release 11.1.0.7.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters option
SQL> create pfile='/tmp/sb.ora' from spfile;
File created.
SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Release 11.1.0.7.0 - 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters option
$ cat /tmp/sb.ora
*.archive_lag_target=1800
*.audit_file_dest='/var/oracle/admin/rac11d/adump'
rac11d1.dispatchers='(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=msdbc11-vip)(port=64000))'
rac11d2.dispatchers='(address=(protocol=tcp)(host=msdbc12-vip)(port=64000))'
*.global_names=TRUE
rac11d1.instance_number=1
rac11d2.instance_number=2
rac11d1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
rac11d2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
Hope this helps,
Steve

Regarding UTL_FILE parameter in the INIT.ORA file

Dear all,
How can i set UTL_FILE parameter in the INIT.ORA file.
Also let me know how to create a directory over there.I am new to this area.
Where exactly i can locate these details and create directory.
Regards,
Bala.

Dear all,
How can i set UTL_FILE parameter in the INIT.ORA
file.
Also let me know how to create a directory over
there.I am new to this area.
Where exactly i can locate these details and create
directory.
Regards,
Bala.Taken note of yingkuan's comments about directory objects - which don't need a utl_file_dir entry - if you really still need to know (on e-business suite or some other product that needs them) then UTL_FILE_DIR is an initialisation parameter which takes a comma separated list of directories on the database server and to which the oracle software owner (usually oracle on *nix systems and system on windows) has read/write access. To set it therefore you'll need to identify or create your directory and then either
a) add the line UTL_FILE_DIR=/path/to/dir1, /path/to/dir2
to your init.ora if you are using one or use
b) ALTER SYSTEM SET UTL_FILE_DIR=/path/to/dir1, /path/to/dir2 SCOPE=SPFILE;
if you are using a server parameter file.
You should be able to find this and more information in the documentation for your version of Oracle.
Niall Litchfield
http://www.orawin.info/

Which init.ora file in use?

I found init.ora in a couple places.
How do I determine which init.ora file my oracle is using?
Is there a sqlplus command to fine the init.ora in use?
So far, I found them here:
c:\oracle11g\dbs\init.ora
c:\oracle11g\admin\mydb1\pfile\init.ora.8172009222712
Which one is active?
Any suggestions are greatly appreciated.

The one that's there in the DBS folder is the first one that is going to be looked upon by Oracle when it will try to start the instance. The one in the $OH/dbs/ is going to be active. The other location would not have the pfile all the time. Also, spfile should be used if you are in 11g. Why you areusing pfile instead of it?
Here is what I have for 11g system,
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
spfile                               string      /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0
                                                 /db_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora
SQL>You can see the path is $OH/dbs.
HTH
Aman....

ORA-27047: unable to read the header block of file

My Windows 2003 crashed which was running Oracle XE.
I installed Oracle XE on Windows XP on another machine.
I coped my D:\oracle\XE10g\oradata folder of Win2003 to the same location in WinXP machine.
When I start the database in WinXP using SQLPLUS i get the following message
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 146800640 bytes
Fixed Size 1286220 bytes
Variable Size 62918580 bytes
Database Buffers 79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers 2904064 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
I my D:\oracle\XE10g\app\oracle\admin\XE\bdump\alert_xe I found following errors
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
starting up 4 shared server(s) ...
Oracle Data Guard is not available in this edition of Oracle.
Wed Apr 25 18:38:36 2007
ALTER DATABASE MOUNT
Wed Apr 25 18:38:36 2007
ORA-00202: control file: 'D:\ORACLE\XE10G\ORADATA\XE\CONTROL.DBF'
ORA-27047: unable to read the header block of file
OSD-04001: invalid logical block size (OS 2800189884)
Wed Apr 25 18:38:36 2007
ORA-205 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT...
ORA-00202: control file: 'D:\ORACLE\XE10G\ORADATA\XE\CONTROL.DBF'
ORA-27047: unable to read the header block of file
OSD-04001: invalid logical block size (OS 2800189884)
Please help.
Regards,
Zulqarnain

Try to install win 2003 server software, do the fresh installation of oracle software, now copy the datafiles and controlfiles to same locations as you did on winxp.
get back to us, if still not out of the woods. I still doubt that a simple restore would do the trick, since you doing it across different platforms, might be I can be wrong, but this is what I personally feel, you not able to start the database on winxp.
hare krishna
Alok

CHANGING THE DIRECTORY OF INIT.ORA FILE

Hi,
I have a database in 8i. Can I change the diredtory of init.ora file ? If yes how ?
it is in d:\oracle\ora8
and I want tu put it in d:\anothrfolder
Many thanks before.

That's what I did , but :
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle8i Enterprise Edition Release 8.1.7.4.1 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 8.1.7.4.1 - Production
C:\Documents and Settings\user>oradim -delete -sid DB1
C:\Documents and Settings\user>oradim -EDIT -SID DB1 -PFILE C:\oracle\admin\db1\exp\initdb1.ora
DIM-00010: SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\OracleService key does not exist
O/S-Error: (OS 2) Le fichier spÚcifiÚ est introuvable.
DIM-00010: SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\OracleService key does not exist
O/S-Error: (OS 2) Le fichier spÚcifiÚ est introuvable.
C:\Documents and Settings\user>oradim -EDIT -SID DB1 -PFILE C:\oracle\admin\db1\exp\initdb1.ora -startmode auto
DIM-00010: SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\OracleService key does not exist
O/S-Error: (OS 2) Le fichier spÚcifiÚ est introuvable.
DIM-00010: SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\OracleService key does not exist
O/S-Error: (OS 2) Le fichier spÚcifiÚ est introuvable.
C:\Documents and Settings\user>oradim -NEW -SID DB1 -PFILE C:\oracle\admin\db1\exp\initdb1.ora -startmode auto
C:\Documents and Settings\user>sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 8.1.7.0.0 - Production on Me Mai 16 12:22:25 2007
(c) Copyright 2000 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle8i Enterprise Edition Release 8.1.7.4.1 - Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 8.1.7.4.1 - Production
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file 'C:\oracle\admin\db1\pfile\initdb1.ora'
LRM-00113: error when processing file 'C:\oracle\admin\db1\pfile\initdb1.ora'
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

After an import, replace the init.ora file?

I have just successfully imported a database from Oracle8i to Oracle10g. Now, is it safe to replace the init.ora file?

Replace the 10g init file with the 8i? Nope. You should be reading the release notes and upgrade guide, and taking into account the obsolecense of some parameters, the introduction of new ones, etc.
Also, your control files are probably in a different location, you have different RBS's etc..

Reading the data from excel file which is in application server.

Hi,
Iam trying to read the data from excel file which is in application server.
I tried using the function module ALSM_EXCEL_TO_INTERNAL_TABLE. But it didn't work.
I tried just reading using open data set and read data set it is giving junk characters.
Please suggest me if you have any solution.
Best Regards,
Brahma Reddy

Hi Narendra,
Please see the below code I have written
OPEN DATASET pa_sfile for INPUT in text mode ENCODING DEFAULT MESSAGE wf_mess.
CHECK sy-subrc = 0.
DO.
READ DATASET pa_sfile INTO wf_string.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
EXIT.
else.
split wf_string at wl_# into wf_field1 wf_field2 wa_upload-field3
wa_upload-field4 wa_upload-field5 wa_upload-field6 wa_upload-field7 wa_upload-field8
wa_upload-field9 wa_upload-field10 wa_upload-field11 wa_upload-field12 wa_upload-field13
wa_upload-field14 wa_upload-field15 wa_upload-field16 wa_upload-field17 wa_upload-field18
wa_upload-field19 wa_upload-field20 wa_upload-field21 wa_upload-field22 wa_upload-field23
wa_upload-field24 wa_upload-field25 wa_upload-field26 wa_upload-field27 wa_upload-field28
wa_upload-field29 wa_upload-field30 wa_upload-field31 wa_upload-field32 wa_upload-field33
wa_upload-field34 wa_upload-field35 wa_upload-field36 .
wa_upload-field1 = wf_field1.
wa_upload-field2 = wf_field2.
append wa_upload to int_upload.
clear wa_upload.
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
CLOSE DATASET pa_sfile.
Please note Iam using ECC5.0 and it is not allowing me to declare wl_# as x as in your code.
Also if Iam using text mode I should use extension encoding etc.( Where as not in your case).
Please suggest me any other way.
Thanks for your help,
Brahma Reddy

How to set UTL_FILE parameter in the INIT.ORA file

Dear all,
How can i set UTL_FILE parameter in the INIT.ORA file.
Also let me know how to create a directory over there.I am new to this area.
Where exactly i can locate these details and create directory.
Regards,
Bala.

post this in database forum

ORA-48108: invalid value given for the diagnostic_dest init.ora parameter

Hi All,
I am trying to start my oracle 11g database on windows 7 PC and i am getting below exception
SQL> startup mount
ORA-48108: invalid value given for the diagnostic_dest init.ora parameter
ORA-48140: the specified ADR Base directory does not exist [d:\oracle\app\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\database\<oracle_base>]
ORA-48187: specified directory does not exist
OSD-00002: additional error information
O/S-Error: (OS 123) The filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect.
SQL>
Earlier it was working fine. For learning purpose, i have created spfile using pfile and after that i got this issue.
Please help.
Regards,
Sunil

sunil907 wrote:
Hi,
I have provided diagnostic_dest folder location (physical path). Now i am getting some different kind of error on startup.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes
Fixed Size                  2182592 bytes
Variable Size             616563264 bytes
Database Buffers          444596224 bytes
Redo Buffers                5595136 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
Please help
What does your own research of 'ORA-00205' indicate?
the text of the error message is pretty self explanatory .. it couldn't find the control file.
The control files are specified by the "control_files" initialilzation paramter. When you get this error, the instance has started but was unable to mount the control file. since the init file (spfile) was processed and the instance started you can easily see what it thinks are the control files.
oracle:fubar$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Jul 16 12:51:37 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 835104768 bytes
Fixed Size                  2217952 bytes
Variable Size             490735648 bytes
Database Buffers          339738624 bytes
Redo Buffers                2412544 bytes
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
SQL> show parameter control
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
control_file_record_keep_time        integer     7
control_files                        string      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/FUBAR/
                                                 controlfile/o1_mf_8ybx4t7w_.ct
                                                 x, /u01/app/oracle/flash_recov
                                                 ery_area/FUBAR/controlfile/o1_
                                                 mf_8ybx4tom_.ctl
control_management_pack_access       string      NONE
SQL>
So what did you do in fixing your original problem that caused your control_files parameter to go south?

Oracle 11g init.ora file

1) I am a bit confused with init.ora file format in oracle 11g. In addition=
to the usual entries that are prefixed with *.<parameter>, it also has ent=
ries prefixed with <sid>.__<parameter>. I am not able to find an explanatio=
n of these <sid>__ entries from oracle 11g documentation. I am told by a co=
lleague that they are for instance, to cater for multiple-instances databa=
ses. Is that correct?
2) The presence of the <sid>.__ entries confuse me since some parameters ap=
pear in both <sid>__ and *. sections. What if the values for the same param=
eter are different, which one is used by oracle? I guess it's the <sid>.__ =
one?=20
3) In my case the database has only 1 instance, so I guess I can remove all=
<sid>.__ entries and only work with *. entries?
Thanks
Long

Hi,
the entries with double underscore in the spfile that you mention are not new in 11g but also show up in 10g.
They are caused by the background process MMAN (Memory Manager), that is active if you set SGA_TARGET>0 (in 10g) rsp. MEMORY_TARGET>0 (in 11g).
This MMAN modifies the Oracle Memory components like the shared pool and the buffer cache, using performance statistics captured by the MMON (Manageability Monitor) and storing the new size of the component in the spfile in order to make that size persistent through instance restarts.
The prefix of the SID is meaningless in case of a non-RAC database.
Kind regards
Uwe
http://uhesse.wordpress.com

Init.ora file???

Hi
I have a database "Xdb" running on winNT.
My "ora_home\database" folder contains the following files:
oradba.exe
OraDim.exe
PWDXdb.ora
SNCFAXDB.ORA
SPFILEXDB.ORA
and, ora_home\admin\xdb\pfile\init.ora_242323.
Well, as far as my knowledge is concerned, to start a database, we need a "init.ora" file. But I don't see any init.ora file in the above said folders, and how come the databas is getting started automatically and from where it reads the "init.ora" file when it is not present?
Explain me pls.
TIA
Aqueel.

Hi,
If u want to create a init.ora file u can do the following:
create pfile='path' from
spfile;
This will generate a pfile(init.ora) which can be read.
If you want to make any changes, u can do that and you can replace the spfile in the same way. Just change the order in the above statement. Generally, the parameters can be changed with the alter system command. This explaination is just to kill your curiosity!!

Init.ora file location

Hi,
Is there any query by which i can find out the location of init.ora file. We are using unix server.
Thanks in advance.

The location of the init.ora file was not stored in the database because with Oracle8 it was possible to start the db remotely using a local init.ora file ( I never did it myself but I did read about it, proberbly on asktom). So a '/tmp/init.ora' would have been meaningless because you would not know which machine it refered to.
If you have lost your init.ora file it is possible to recreate it by quering v$parameter, if your on 9i or above you can do
'create pfile from spfile' to get a new copy if you are using an spfile that is! A 'find' on the unix might be the quickest!!
Regards
Wayne
Edited by: waynemac910 on 11-Dec-2008 06:44

How to find current init.ora file

I have 2 issues:
Issue 1:--
I have some 4-5 init.ora file which are created by some other user and facing difficulties to find exact init.ora which is used by my oracle 9.2 database. same thing for spfile.
Is there any way so that i can find the currently use init.ora file?
Issue 2:
I want to change init.ora file parameters for the oracle9.2(siebel).
Presently default it is showing optimizer_mode=CHOOSE
I have tried to change to RULE but not refelecting after database restart.
at session level i can modify but i want permanent change and for thius i tried with
user SYS as SYSDBA with
ALTER SYSTEM SET optimizer_mode=RULE;
but getting following Oracle erroe message
ORA-02096 specified initialization parameter is not modifiable with this option
Cause: Though the initialization parameter is modifiable, it cannot be modified using the specified command.
Action: Check the Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide for information about under what scope the parameter may be modified
How we can make changes in init.ora file?
Regards
Junu

As far as I know, there's no possible way to find out which parameter file was used to start instance. And, even if it was, I don't really see much sense in it because parameter file is a client-side file, and usually it required to start up Oracle instance remotely.
In principle, parameter files are obsolete beasts, consider using server parameter file (SPFILE) instead. And, for SPFILE, it's pretty easy to find out its location:
SQL> show parameter pfile
NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
spfile                               string      %ORACLE_HOME%\DATABASE\SPFILE%
                                                 ORACLE_SID%.ORAAs for your ORA-02096 error, you have two opportunities to resolve it.
If you decided to use SPFILE, create one (for example, using CREATE SPFILE FROM PFILE command), start your instance with SPFILE then issue:
ALTER SYSTEM SET optimizer_mode=RULE SCOPE = SPFILE;and bounce your instance.
If you still wish to use old-style parameter file, you have to add corresponding setting into that file manually (it's a plain text file in fact) and restart instance.
Regards.
P.S.: Why do you want to enforce rule-based optimizer by the way?...

Can we determine path of my INIT.ORA file from data dictionary views.

Hello Guru’s
I am new to oracle, My question is for the sake of my knowledge: I work on oracle 10G.
Is there any data dictionary view from where I can get the path of my INIT.ORA file.
Regards,

NewDay wrote:
Hello Guru’s
I am new to oracle, My question is for the sake of my knowledge: I work on oracle 10G.
Is there any data dictionary view from where I can get the path of my INIT.ORA file.
AFAIK , its no. You can check the path from the show parameter command like following,
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE
VALUE
spfile string
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0
/db_1/dbs/spfileorcl.ora
SQL>HTH
Aman....

Which process reads the spfile/init.ora file

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