Alternate keys in AW

Hi,
when is it suggested to use alternate keys in AW versus keys in data sources?
I belive alternate keys in AW are long, so they take more space on disk (a lot of, I belive they can make the cube 2 to 3 times bigger) and because of this can marginally affect build time and query response.
On the other side, keys in data sources need to be set on all the levels of a single dimension, and must be unique between all the dimension levels, so you have an extra effort for coding them.
What do you think?
Regards,
Corrado

I am assuming here that you mean the "Generate Surrogate Keys in the Analytic Workspace" option in AWM, where the alternative is "Use Keys from Data Source". In XML terms this equates to the AddUniqueKeyPrefix attribute (where "True" means use surrogates).
You would select this option if the same value could appear in two or more level columns of your dimension table. Suppose, for example, that the key value "100" appears in both the L1 and L3 columns. In this case your 'surrogate key' values would be "L1_100" and "L3_100". So they are at most 31 characters longer that the source data. (30 characters for the level name plus the underscore.) Note also that internally the AW uses dimension position (e.g. 1, 2, 3) to index cubes and dimension attributes, so the literal values of your dimension members makes absolutely no difference on the size of any cubes in your AW. The only effect is a mild increase in the size of the dimension, but even this is nothing like the 2x or 3x factor you state. Dimensions, even when they contain millions of members, are usually a tiny proportion of the overall AW size.
If your key values are unique across levels, then I would use the keys from the data source for simplicity alone.

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If I understand what you are trying to do ... and I may not ... it is not going to work.
SQL> DECLARE
2   l_credit_card_no VARCHAR2(19) := '1612-1791-1809-2605';
3   l_ccn_raw RAW(128) := utl_raw.cast_to_raw(l_credit_card_no);
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6
7   l_encrypted_raw RAW(2048);
8   l_decrypted_raw RAW(2048);
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11
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13
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15
16    l_decrypted_raw := dbms_crypto.decrypt(src => l_encrypted_raw, typ => dbms_crypto.des_cbc_pkc
s5, key => l_key1);
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19
20    l_decrypted_raw := dbms_crypto.decrypt(src => l_encrypted_raw, typ => dbms_crypto.des_cbc_pkc
s5, key => l_key2);
21
22    dbms_output.put_line('Key2 : ' || utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(l_decrypted_raw));
23 END;
24 /
Original : 1612-1791-1809-2605
Encrypted : 3534443342333642353141363846384237463732384636373943374630364234323243334539383042323135
Key1 : 1612-1791-1809-2605
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How to create a unique key using two or more attributes?

how to create a unique key using two or more attributes ?

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Hello,
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Hi, this is Khalid. I am new in DBMS. I have just started to study. I am having a little bit confusion in the Concept of Keys of DBMS and Attributes. So, I am getting little bit problem to understand the concept of Keys. Somebody, please help me.
Now, i am just going to show a Relation.
Employee EMP_ID EMP_NAME EMP_SALARY
101 Khalid 17000
102 Rajib 16000
103 Rahul 18000
104 Dibakar 17000
105 Akikul 16000
106 Bidyut 16500
107 Pranjal 16500
Somebody is saying that the rows or the tuples within the table are the Keys, whereas somebody's opinion is is the Column Title. So, i am in the confusion that if the column name is the key value, then what is an attribute ? Please explain the very basic concept of every type of Keys. Such as Super Key, Primery Key, Candidate Key, Foreign Key etc.
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Here EMPLOYEE represents a table.
EMP_ID, EMP_NAME, EMP_SALARY are attributes.
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The various types of key with e.g. in SQL are mentioned below, (For examples let suppose we have an Employee Table with attributes ‘ID’ , ‘Name’ ,’Address’ , ‘Department_ID’ ,’Salary’)
(I) Super Key – An attribute or a combination of attribute that is used to identify the records uniquely is known as Super Key. A table can have many Super Keys.
E.g. of Super Key
1 ID
2 ID, Name
3 ID, Address
4 ID, Department_ID
5 ID, Salary
6 Name, Address
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E.g. of Candidate Key
1 Code
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(III) Primary Key – A Candidate Key that is used by the database designer for unique identification of each row in a table is known as Primary Key. A Primary Key can consist of one or more attributes of a table.
E.g. of Primary Key - Database designer can use one of the Candidate Key as a Primary Key. In this case we have “Code” and “Name, Address” as Candidate Key, we will consider “Code” Key as a Primary Key as the other key is the combination of more than one attribute.
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E.g. of Foreign Key – Let consider we have another table i.e. Department Table with Attributes “Department_ID”, “Department_Name”, “Manager_ID”, ”Location_ID” with Department_ID as an Primary Key. Now the Department_ID attribute of Employee Table (dependent or child table) can be defined as the Foreign Key as it can reference to the Department_ID attribute of the Departments table (the referenced or parent table), a Foreign Key value must match an existing value in the parent table or be NULL.
(V) Composite Key – If we use multiple attributes to create a Primary Key then that Primary Key is called Composite Key (also called a Compound Key or Concatenated Key).
E.g. of Composite Key, if we have used “Name, Address” as a Primary Key then it will be our Composite Key.
(VI) Alternate Key – Alternate Key can be any of the Candidate Keys except for the Primary Key.
E.g. of Alternate Key is “Name, Address” as it is the only other Candidate Key which is not a Primary Key.
(VII) Secondary Key – The attributes that are not even the Super Key but can be still used for identification of records (not unique) are known as Secondary Key.
E.g. of Secondary Key can be Name, Address, Salary, Department_ID etc. as they can identify the records but they might not be unique

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I know the definition of a Natural Key but I don't know how to apply it for a column. For a primary key we have a syntax like "CREATE
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svk

Take a look at the Product table in AdventureWorks2012.
ProductID - INTEGER SURROGATE PRIMARY KEY
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[FinishedGoodsFlag] [dbo].[Flag] NOT NULL CONSTRAINT [DF_Product_FinishedGoodsFlag] DEFAULT ((1)),
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[StandardCost] [money] NOT NULL,
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[WeightUnitMeasureCode] [nchar](3) NULL,
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[DaysToManufacture] [int] NOT NULL,
[ProductLine] [nchar](2) NULL,
[Class] [nchar](2) NULL,
[Style] [nchar](2) NULL,
[ProductSubcategoryID] [int] NULL,
[ProductModelID] [int] NULL,
[SellStartDate] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[SellEndDate] [datetime] NULL,
[DiscontinuedDate] [datetime] NULL,
[rowguid] [uniqueidentifier] ROWGUIDCOL NOT NULL UNIQUE -- ALTERNATE KEY
CONSTRAINT [DF_Product_rowguid] DEFAULT (newid()),
[ModifiedDate] [datetime] NOT NULL CONSTRAINT [DF_Product_ModifiedDate] DEFAULT (getdate()))
GO
Kalman Toth Database & OLAP Architect
SQL Server 2014 Design & Programming
New Book / Kindle: Exam 70-461 Bootcamp: Querying Microsoft SQL Server 2012

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