Arch and community's attitude towards 'root'
Dear *,
I've been debating this with myself for a long time. I use the 'root' account. Don't hang me yet. I'm still making up my mind. Which is why this thread.
I've used Ubuntu for some time before I came to ArchLand. There we obviously work as mundane 'user's. The problem is I find sudo doesn't let me 'do' anything much. When I started with Arch, I found myself at home in the root account and have always stayed that way. I've read a lot on the security issues with the root account but I'm still not sold. Most people only preach it as gospel. Some people give valid reasons. But Arch is the only distro where I've found that people preach the least. About this as well as other things. So I thought it'll be a good quality control to receive criticism and support here.
The reasons I've usually seen are thus:
> You'll end up deleting something really important belonging to:
>> You: My defence to that is that I can do that similarly stupidly on my /home/username/ files anyway! Right! So just because I'm using sudo does not save me from deleting my own files anyway. And I keep a double backup not more than a few days old at all times!
>> Someone else: Now, I use a laptop that "only" I work on. And I don't think that anyone will ever work on my laptop (too possessive about my machine!) at least as a permanent user to warrant his/her own /home setup. So that is no problem either.
>> System: Now, I agree to this completely as a risk. However in my now considerable use of linux, I've ended up breaking my system only a few times, most of which happened in Ubuntu with sudo most probably because I was new and inexperienced in *nix way of doing things. Going as root has taught me in stead to be extra careful as a second nature. Even then, I believe that one can not be too cautious. However, I have multiple views on this:
>>> Since these are system files we are talking about, even if I was running as a user, I'd be using sudo to work with them, which means if I was being stupid I'll mess up anyway and sudo won't 'magically' save me from my own foolishness.
>>> I find that even if I mess up my system once in 6 months (which I don't, but just for argument's sake), the productivity loss in terms of taking a day to setup Arch back (with my backups) is MUCH less than the productivity loss I've always experienced in running with sudo. I keep forgetting prepending sudo, writing scripts is a pain with all those exotic options, etc. etc. I know I can edit the sudoers file but that just beats the principle of sudo anyway! Innit?
> Malignant software: Now this is another area where I don't see how sudo is really useful at all. If I'm running code from someone else, it'll usually come from the Arch or AUR repositories. Not that that is foolproof, but come on, you guys and the open-source community _are_ awesome! Plus ESR's eyeball argument. We know malignant software is _almost_ unprecedented in Linux. Also, again, sounding like a broken record, I'd be using sudo to install (and probably run) that software which leaves me with no safety once the password has been entered.
> The only "really" dangerous reason I've ever come across that I don't have a good rationalization or counter-argument against is: virii and the possibility of someone taking over the machine virtually (rootkits or something else) and using my stupidity of running as root to use my machine to launch attacks against others. Now this I can't argue against. I don't know how possible this is under the present scenario (boy, I hope not much!) but I'd like to know from you guys. What do you think about this risk. Is there any benefit of running as sudo or root here? Plus I don't want others to be hurt because of my stupidity in the FOSS community.
So that is my dilemma. Will love to hear what you guys think about this issue. If you think I'm deluding myself with what I said above, please explain how and I'll be indebted. If you think there are more reasons to run as sudo or root, I'd love to hear. Even though I think sudo is a big pain in the a**, I don't mind living with it if I'm convinced that it is "sufficiently" more secure to offset the pain in the a**.
Just last thing, I also hate that I can't use gnome-screensaver with root. I know and _agree_ with the reasons for that. Just saying.
Last edited by Dumbledore (2011-07-26 14:46:09)
Dumbledore wrote:
Dear *,
I've been debating this with myself for a long time. I use the 'root' account. Don't hang me yet. I'm still making up my mind. Which is why this thread.
I've used Ubuntu for some time before I came to ArchLand. There we obviously work as mundane 'user's. The problem is I find sudo doesn't let me 'do' anything much. When I started with Arch, I found myself at home in the root account and have always stayed that way. I've read a lot on the security issues with the root account but I'm still not sold. Most people only preach it as gospel. Some people give valid reasons. But Arch is the only distro where I've found that people preach the least. About this as well as other things. So I thought it'll be a good quality control to receive criticism and support here.
The reasons I've usually seen are thus:
> You'll end up deleting something really important belonging to:
>> You: My defence to that is that I can do that similarly stupidly on my /home/username/ files anyway! Right! So just because I'm using sudo does not save me from deleting my own files anyway. And I keep a double backup not more than a few days old at all times!
>> Someone else: Now, I use a laptop that "only" I work on. And I don't think that anyone will ever work on my laptop (too possessive about my machine!) at least as a permanent user to warrant his/her own /home setup. So that is no problem either.
>> System: Now, I agree to this completely as a risk. However in my now considerable use of linux, I've ended up breaking my system only a few times, most of which happened in Ubuntu with sudo most probably because I was new and inexperienced in *nix way of doing things. Going as root has taught me in stead to be extra careful as a second nature. Even then, I believe that one can not be too cautious. However, I have multiple views on this:
>>> Since these are system files we are talking about, even if I was running as a user, I'd be using sudo to work with them, which means if I was being stupid I'll mess up anyway and sudo won't 'magically' save me from my own foolishness.
>>> I find that even if I mess up my system once in 6 months (which I don't, but just for argument's sake), the productivity loss in terms of taking a day to setup Arch back (with my backups) is MUCH less than the productivity loss I've always experienced in running with sudo. I keep forgetting prepending sudo, writing scripts is a pain with all those exotic options, etc. etc. I know I can edit the sudoers file but that just beats the principle of sudo anyway! Innit?
While this is indeed a risk, it is not the most critical one. I have, as you said, totally f'ed up system files using sudo as well; but it does prevent you from the hassle of rm -rvf in the wrong directory.
> Malignant software: Now this is another area where I don't see how sudo is really useful at all. If I'm running code from someone else, it'll usually come from the Arch or AUR repositories. Not that that is foolproof, but come on, you guys and the open-source community _are_ awesome! Plus ESR's eyeball argument. We know malignant software is _almost_ unprecedented in Linux. Also, again, sounding like a broken record, I'd be using sudo to install (and probably run) that software which leaves me with no safety once the password has been entered.
Malignant software is unprecedented BECAUSE of the permissions system. I can show you tons of rootkits / key loggers / etc., but unless you are running as root, they can't touch important system files. This includes running programs like Firefox, Chrome, etc. There is a reason that infections have changed in the Windows 7 era (moving to looking more like legit programs vs straight infections), and that is because they now have a permission system that makes the user do something before anything can be installed / modified at the system level. As for using the AUR, you better know how to read the PKGBUILD and INSTALL files if you are using sudo .... and even then you really shouldn't be using sudo with the AUR. Of course, to be fair, without package signing, the argument could also be made that you shouldn't install anything from the repo's either .... but that's another topic entirely.
> The only "really" dangerous reason I've ever come across that I don't have a good rationalization or counter-argument against is: virii and the possibility of someone taking over the machine virtually (rootkits or something else) and using my stupidity of running as root to use my machine to launch attacks against others. Now this I can't argue against. I don't know how possible this is under the present scenario (boy, I hope not much!) but I'd like to know from you guys. What do you think about this risk. Is there any benefit of running as sudo or root here? Plus I don't want others to be hurt because of my stupidity in the FOSS community.
Look, its your risk; and it's totally feasable that because you wish to run as someone who has uber access to everything that you can get hacked. There is a reason that the permission systems put in place in *NIX systems are copied and used throughout other systems. Especially if you take place in things like torrenting / visiting iffy sites (even pr0n) etc. And god help you if you don't have a strong firewall!!
So that is my dilemma. Will love to hear what you guys think about this issue. If you think I'm deluding myself with what I said above, please explain how and I'll be indebted. If you think there are more reasons to run as sudo or root, I'd love to hear. Even though I think sudo is a big pain in the a**, I don't mind living with it if I'm convinced that it is "sufficiently" more secure to offset the pain in the a**.
Just last thing, I also hate that I can't use gnome-screensaver with root. I know and _agree_ with the reasons for that. Just saying.
Look, hands down its your choice; and it seems like you made your decision, you are the one who has to live with them. Personally, I think its stupid, and presents needless risk. Heck, I love the fact that I can visit and screw around with stuff / sites that others can't, simply because of the bad-ass permission / firewalling that is inherent in my system. Personally I don't see how sudo is a PITA, but then again I have been using it since I started using Linux (close to 14 years), so maybe I am just used to it.
Similar Messages
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RFC: Queries about Arch culture and community
Good day everyone,
This is a request for opinions from the Arch community, especially the Arch developers, Trusted Users, and long time users. I am writing a review about Arch Linux which I hope to publish within the next month or so. Unlike most distro reviews, which are actually distro installation reviews, I have devoted a lot of space to The Arch Way, unique technical qualities of Arch, day to day use and maintenance of Arch, and the Arch community. In my view, the community of a distro is much more important than its installation process.
If I may, I would like to pose some questions about the Arch community. FWIW, I have been quietly participating in the Arch community myself for some months now, contributing material to the wiki. Anyway, please take a look at the queries below, and comment on any as you see fit.
Thank you,
Luke Seubert
1. Despite its modest size, Arch has a very enthusiastic community, as evidenced by its internationalization projects, derivative distros, 3rd party repositories, Arch schwag, active forums and wiki, etc. Is this statement true or false, and if Arch does have an especially enthusiastic community, why?
2. Arch is deeply conservative, refusing to deviate from core principles. Still, within these bounds, Arch permits a wide array of innovation. Are these statements true or false, and why? If true, what are the pros and cons of such conservatism? If false, in what way has Arch deviated from its core principles or resisted innovation?
3. The Arch community is fairly harmonious, with little bickering, flamewars, forks or threats to fork, etc. Is this statement true or false, and why? (I have my own theory on the why of this one, and the answer in brief is... dogfood.)
4. How good or bad a job is Arch doing in cultivating new Trusted Users and Arch developers? Does it have a formal mentoring process? It seems the most direct path to TU status is to put together packages in AUR, and eventually have them voted into Community based upon quality and popularity. However, at some point, virtually all of the popular packages will already be in Community or Extra. How does an AUR uploader become a Trusted User then?
5. Hypothetical Scenario:
The Chakra Project successfully completes in alpha, beta, and release candidate Live CD testing, and releases its Live CD - version 1.0 - with the GUI easy Tribe installer, to wide acclaim - DistroWatch even raves about it. Suddenly, there are lots of new Arch users, who never went through the traditional Arch install process, who never "paid their Arch dues", and who are not nearly as clueful because they never RTFW. They are flooding IRC and webforums with really, uh, "basic" questions, and suggesting/demanding new features. How does the Arch community handle this abrupt change in its culture? Has it dealt with such culture shocks before?
6. If only you too could lift cars over your head, would you be more cool, less cool, or as cool as Phrakture, and why? What if you could only lift cars over your head after eating a can of spinach and slamming a six pack of Red Bull? Then how cool/not cool would you be by comparison?
Last edited by lseubert (2009-08-08 13:45:07)Allan wrote:
Here are my opinions on these questions and do not necessarily reflect other Arch devs...
1. True. I believe part of the enthusiastic community comes from the fact that Arch requires you to set up your system for yourself. So people become very proud of their achievement of getting their system setup exactly as they like it.
This is an excellent point. There is a nice sense of pride that comes from tweaking your Arch install to just the way you like it. And it is an involved process requiring some modicum of skill.
Also, people have always been encouraged to contribute fixes or start projects to fulfill areas they see lacking. Seeing your work become used by many others is always a good feeling.
Yeah, I have noted this in my rough draft. Arch has amazingly low barriers to entry. Sign up for an AUR account, which is quick and automatic, and get to work. Your status and authority is derived from a roughly consensual meritocracy, as opposed to a hierarchical, bureaucratic process full of gatekeepers, aka potential gateclosers, like most distros.
This simplicity extends to our package manager, which I believe is a major factor in making the AUR as popular as it is. (Note that while pacman is developed primarily by Arch users, it aims not to be tied to any distro).
Allan, could you clarify this comment? How does pacman make AUR popular? While I use pacman to access binaries from core, extra, and community; I use yaourt to handle PKGBUILDs from AUR. I don't quite follow you on this one.
But as always, the principles guiding Arch do get bent when it is sensible to do so. It was always said we don't split packages like many other distros, but we do some splitting these days (e.g. gcc-libs, KDE). We now include info pages and other docs.
Both of which are good moves. A system should have documentation built in, for those occasions when internet access is down. And I might actually take a look at KDE 4 once again, now that I wouldn't have to download a pile of unwanted packages.
3. There are flame-wars every so often... The last one that was probably quite obvious to many was changing rules governing the community repo (requiring votes or 1% usage as defined by pkgstats) and the move to using the official db-scripts (which may be seen as making the TUs less independent).
That is a flamewar that I missed. How does Arch resolve difficult issues? There is no Constitution that I could find, nor any formal governing structure. Is it as simple as lengthy debate, and then Dred Overlord Phrakture decrees?
I have never heard of a treat to fork the distro or components of it. I guess that is because of the attitude of show us a working implementation of a good idea and it will possibly become official.
Well, there aren't forks, but there are a lot of derivative distros, some of them with very different goals. And there are a lot of 3rd party repositories out there, outside of AUR. I wouldn't call that forking, but it is, I guess, extending. I think such experimentation is a good thing - really good ideas might be developed outside of even AUR, and eventually brought back into the Arch ecosystem. I believe some of Xyne's packages got started that way, yes?
Here is an interesting factoid I came up with in my research:
Packages Per Maintainer Ratio - how many packages on average does a maintainer support?
For Debian, the P/M Ratio is 28
When you add up all the Arch Devs and TUs, and divide out the packages in core, extra, and community, the Arch P/M Ratio is 67.
Arch devs seem quite impressive, until you recall that they mostly maintain one version of each package and for only two architectures, whereas Debian devs support 11 architectures for 5 versions - experimental, unstable, testing, current stable, and old stable. (Ugh - is that brutal or what?)
Seen in that light, one has to admire the very hardworking Debian devs, and wonder a bit about those Arch dev slackers. Yet another T-shirt idea! Change the first idea so it now reads, "I'm a slacker Arch developer, and I eat my own dogfood!" -
Hi,
I have a website with English and Arabic Language Packs installed. I have the corresponding Variation heirachies created and the whole site collection is published.
Recently the client asked for french and german languages to be accomodated as well. So I followed the same approach I did for English and arabic (installed the language packs) for foundation, ran ocnfiguration wizard, installed server language pack &
ran configuration wizard.
But after creating the variation label, when i try to create the variation heirarchy, I am getting the following error.
"Unknown failure when creating a variation of page http://server:port/en/pages/default.aspx in label /fr/Pages/default.aspx.
The Variations Create Hierarchies job failed with the following error message& Unknown failure when creating a variation of site
http://server:port/en in label fr."
Am not sure what is going wrong. Appreciate a feedback.
Thanks,
SSP
SSPHi,
According to your description, my understanding is that the error occurred when you created the Variation Hierarchy for French and German Languages from Variation root EN.
I recommend to check the Resources folder located at C:\Program Files\Common Files\microsoft shared\Web Server Extensions\15 to see if the file core.fr-FR.resx exists in the folder.
Here is a similar thread for you to take a look:
http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/sharepoint/en-US/611575b2-d129-44c6-814b-2e5782178850/unknow-failure-when-creating-variations-in-sharepoint-2013-is-this-a-bug-in-sharepoint-2013-rtm?forum=sharepointadmin
Best regards.
Thanks
Victoria Xia
TechNet Community Support -
What's the best way to partition my disk with Vista, Arch, and data?
Hey everybody, I'm in a bit of a quandary here and I'd love a bit of help.
I have a 320 GB hdd on my new laptop. I want to dual boot Windows Vista and Arch, with a shared partition for data in between. I have Windows Vista installed with 110 GB of unallocated space. (Windows, being a piece of crap, has gone and locked some stupid system files at the end of its partition, completely preventing me from shrinking it any further.)
Vista has hogged two partitions for itself. One is C:, and I know what that's for; the other is D:, and I have no idea what lives on it. (In the off chance that anyone here knows, I'd actually like to find out what D: is doing there. It takes up 77 MB, 65 MB of which is empty, and is always "in use," and yet Vista's file manager says there's nothing in it.)
ANYWAY: Vista's taken up two partitions, and I need at least two for Arch: / and swap. Ideally, I'd like to have one for /home as well, but i don't know if that possible. I also really, really want to have a shared partition for music and documents and such for both OSes.
I thought at first I could stick all of Arch into an extended partition, but I read here that they can't be booted from. It doesn't make any sense to put my data partition into an extended partition, and Windows won't work either. What should my partition scheme be, since I apparently am going to need to put 5 primary partitions on one disk?
If you've gone this far, thanks for reading my wall of text. Any advice you can give would be deeply appreciated.
UPDATE: Okay, after doing a bit more research, I've read in a couple of places that Linux can be installed to a logical partition as long as I make sure GRUB (installed, I assume, on /dev/sda) points to it. Can anyone confirm this?
Last edited by wirenik (2008-11-29 07:27:46)wirenik,
You can't have 5 primary partitions. 4 max, or 3 primary partitions, and a bunch of logical partitions grouped inside an extended partition. Arch will gladly install into a logical partition. (Yes, it will boot just fine too )
If you currently have 2 partitions, you could create one more primary, then use the rest of the disk as an extended partition. You will then be able to create as many logical partitions as you want (well, a bunch anyway).
Something like this:
/dev/sda1 (primary, Windows C)
/dev/sda2 (primary, Windows D)
/dev/sda3 (primary, Arch root)
--- Extended partition ---
/dev/sda5 (logical, Arch /home)
/dev/sda6 (logical, swap)
/dev/sda7 (logical, shared data)
Last edited by peart (2008-11-29 07:26:07) -
Arch and Win7 cannot open an NTFS partition created by the other
This is almost certainly related to another post where I was struggling to create logical partitions from Windows. Basically, Linux and Minitool Partition Wizard agreed that there were no logical partitions, but the built-in Windows disk utility said there was. I ended up using fdisk from Arch install media, and Minitool and Arch now both saw the logical partitions (Windows shows a big extended partition of free space). I installed Arch just fine, can boot to it and win7... life is good.
Not so much. A key to my setup is having an encrypted partition to share data between OS's. I used TrueCrypt with great success on my former laptop and am now having great difficulty!
Some preliminary information:
# fdisk -l /dev/sda
Disk /dev/sda: 238.5 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x1e6513b3
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2101247 2099200 1G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2 2101248 172433407 170332160 81.2G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3 172433408 390537215 218103808 104G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda4 390537216 500118191 109580976 52.3G 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 390539264 391587839 1048576 512M 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 391589888 500118191 108528304 51.8G 83 Linux
I also went partition by partition to check Minitool's agreement on sectors (they match perfectly with the exception that it doesn't show the extended /dev/sda4 container). I triple checked the Minitool partition info properties as you can't copy and paste from it's window, and pasted the fdisk output to minimize errors. I'm showing a column for mini/Arch for both start/stop sectors, and just subtracted them to make sure I got 0. Appears to be perfect alignment:
| part | start (mini) | start (arch) | diff | | end (mini) | end (arch) | diff |
|------+--------------+--------------+------+---+------------+------------+------|
| sda1 | 2048 | 2048 | 0 | | 2101247 | 2101247 | 0 |
| sda2 | 2101248 | 2101248 | 0 | | 172433407 | 172433407 | 0 |
| sda3 | 172433408 | 172433408 | 0 | | 390537215 | 390537215 | 0 |
| sda4 | 390539264 | 390539264 | 0 | | 391587839 | 391587839 | 0 |
| sda5 | 391589888 | 391589888 | 0 | | 500118191 | 500118191 | 0 |
- Screenshot of how Minitool sees my disk
- Screenshot of how Windows disk utility sees my disk
I used TrueCrypt 7.1a on both OS's. I created a non-system encrypted partition using the GUI on Arch with the AES cipher/sha-512 hash, with filesystem as "none." Once created I did:
$ sudo cryptesetup --type tcrypt open /dev/sda3 vault
That worked fine, which I followed with:
$ sudo mkfs.ntfs /dev/mapper/vault
It initialized the device with zero's and then gave me the success/have a nice day message. Closed the volume and rebooted. When I tried to open the device from win7, I got "Incorrect password or not a TrueCrypt volume." Hmmm. I guess I'll try in reverse. I duplicated the procedure exactly as above from win7, this time having TrueCrypt automatically format with NTFS. All succeeds and I can open the device. Reboot into Arch and I get the same message from TrueCrypt! If I try with cryptsetup, it's "No device header detected with this passphrase."
Next, I tried just doing NTFS with no encryption. From Arch:
$ sudo mkfs.ntfs /dev/sda3
All goes well and I can mount it. I boot into Windows and it's not even listed! I used Minitool to issue it a drive letter, at which point clicking that pops up a windows dialog box asking me if I want to format the disk. Format the partition with NTFS in Windows, reboot into Arch and I get:
[jwhendy@arch_zbook ~]$ sudo mount /dev/sda3 /mnt/scratch/
NTFS signature is missing.
Failed to mount '/dev/sda3': Invalid argument
The device '/dev/sda3' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS.
Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a
partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around?
Doesn't matter if I add "-t ntfs" or "-t ntfs-3g." I get the same result.
Just to add a couple more oddities... when I created the NTFS partition in Arch, I also created a file called vault.tc as a TrueCrypt file-based encrypted container. My thinking was that the issue was with TrueCrypt full-partitions and that I could get around it with a plain partition containing an encrypted file. Reboot into windows and the partition isn't shown (as stated above). From Minitool, if I right click the partition and choose "Explore," it lists the partition contents and there is my vault.tc file. Windows thinks it's unformatted!
I noticed the option to backup/restore a TrueCrypt header, and gave a shot at backing up the working TrueCrypt setup on windows to a flash drive, booting to Arch, and then restoring the /dev/sda3 header from the flash drive file. Arch still couldn't open it.
Lastly, I noticed when I go to select a device to encrypt in TrueCrypt, my logical partitions aren't showing up (just like Windows only sees the end of the disk as free space). I just can't help but think something is tweaked in the partition table... basically:
- TrueCrypt sees what Windows sees
- Arch sees what Minitool sees
How could I go about diagnosing further or fixing the issue. This is driving me crazy!
I'd hate to do this given that I already setup my wm, configs, packages, etc... but my last resort attempt would be to wipe my logical partitions and see if I can at least get the win7 disk utility, minitool, arch, and truecrypt to like each other with respect to /dev/sda1-3... and then try to re-add the logicals afterward and re-install arch? I honestly don't know why this would be any different, but was just a thought. The issues from the other post seem to arise with logical partitions not being recognized the same between win/linux.
Or figure out how to just use primaries (like dedicated boot on a USB drive or something). Or fiddle with growing/shrinking windows to see if I can undo whatever is telling windows where/what things are? Really grasping at straws here.
Last edited by jwhendy (2015-06-10 23:32:22)Hi Ramesh,
Please install the hotfix package and test the issue again:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2817576/en-us
In addition, try uncheck the option “confirm open after download” per:
http://jritmeijer.wordpress.com/2006/08/20/some-files-can-harm-your-computer-if-the-file-information-looks-suspicious-or-you-do-not-fully-trust-the-source-do-not-open-the-file/
Regards,
Rebecca Tu
TechNet Community Support -
[Success] Dual Booting Arch and Windows 7 [Advice / Confirmation]
So I have been trying to get Starcraft II to work with wine and no luck.
I have decided to install windows back on my computer, besides it might come in handy since I'm heading back to school soon.
Anyways I have tried dual booting arch and windows in the past, and my results have never been stable.
Today I will try using the program gparted.
Let me give you my thoughts on how I plan to go through this and please give me some advice so I don't loose everything I have worked for on my linux box
1.Currently I have two hard drives, one for all my main programs and one for my media files (mounting usb, dvd, etc, and it actually has no files in it xD).
I plan to use gparted to re-size my second harddrive (media drive), create an extended partition, and a logical ntfs partition within it.
2.I pop in my windows cd that I recieved with my laptop and install it on the space I have partitioned for windows.
3. If my grub gets wiped out my windows (which I hope it doesn't not sure how the MBR stuff works) I insert a Ubuntu live cd and do
sudo grub
> root (hd0,0)
> setup (hd0)
> exit
4.Configure grub to boot windows 7.
5.Be happy with no headache.
SO....
If someone with past experience with dual booting windows and arch could please give me some advice, as I do not want to lose all my data, start over, and have another headache.
I know I must learn to backup arch, which I will before september.
But if anyone has any protips, or sees a flaw in my plan please point it out!!!
Thank you very much for taking the time to read this and even more if advice has been given to boost my confidence!
For now I will wait
Thank you fellow archies.
Last edited by Jabrick (2011-07-03 01:29:36)satanselbow wrote:
1) Windows must be installed to a primary partition - attempting to install it to an logical partition will result in an epic fail
2) Physically disconnect the harddrive you do not want windows on as windows typically installs the bootloader on the 1st hardisk (ie /sda) regardless of installation drive (ie /sdb)
3 / 4) Complete the windows installation then reattached your Arch drive and edit /boot/grub/menu.lst (as root) pointing the W7 entry to (hd1,0) - no need to reinstall grub
5) Hey it's windows - anything could happen
If you create an NTFS partition right at the beginning of the the drive before you start the W7 install you can prevent it greedily using up 2 of you 4 primary partitions - I would also completely update you new W7 installation past SP1 before reattaching the other drive to further prevent W7 going mental
satanselbow thank you so much!
Everything works great I had no stumbles, and I hope no problems in the future!!
I will post exactly what I did in case someone has the same issue.
1. Partition you're secondary harddrive as primary ntfs with gparted
2. Reboot, and if you get a file system check error, check you're udev rules. (For my case in particular I had to change the udev rules I got for auto mounting usb, ext harddrive, etc.
3.Power off your computer and physically remove the harddrive that contains all your linux goodies
4. Plug in your windows cd and install in the partition you created
5. Update your windows OS
6. Plug in Ubuntu live CD and reboot
7. Use commands to get grub to overwrite the windows boot loader (In my case I put grub everyone hd0,0 hd0,1 just to be sure, but you might want to do things cleaner)
8. Reboot and see if grub loads up
9. Use Ubuntu live CD again and launch Gparted, select the boot to your extra linux space (if you had one, not sure if this is needed)
10. Plug in your linux harddrive and reconfigure /boot/grub/menu.lst and your good to go
Once again shout outs to satanselbow!!! For without him I might've failed brutally!
Cheers! -
Hi, I would like to dual boot Arch and Ubuntu using GRUB2.
I already have Arch, set up as it's described in the Beginner's Guide, with GRUB2 installed. How would I go about dual booting Ubuntu, preferably without overwriting the existing bootloader?
I haven't tried anything yet, but the problem that I can see is resizing my /home; is this possible on the Ubuntu liveDVD? If not, would I be able to resize /home with my gParted liveCD?
Unfortunately, I have no backup media to use, so I wouldn't be able to transfer anything away as a backup.
Here is my partition table:
%lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 30G 0 part /
├─sda2 8:2 0 12G 0 part [SWAP]
├─sda3 8:3 0 5M 0 part
└─sda4 8:4 0 889.5G 0 part /home
sda1 is my root partition, sda2 is swap, sda3 is GRUB's boot partition, which I was told that I needed in the guide, and sda4 (/home) occupies the "rest of the disk".
I am using a GPT-partitioned drive, as I read this has many advantages and I do not plan to triple-boot Windows.
So, can someone tell me what I do if I want to dual boot Ubuntu? I'm very sorry if this should have been posted on the Ubuntu forums, but I'm just more familiar with Arch, and I already have it installed. Please ask if you need any other files like my fstab. I have my Ubuntu liveDVD, GParted live CD (and Arch CD) at hand.
Thanks in advance, rberyl.
(Also, does anyone else think it's a bit of a backwards thing to put the output of "date -u +%W$(uname)|sha256sum|sed 's/\W//g'" as a sign-up question? )
Last edited by rberyl (2012-12-29 11:45:23)Hi rberyl,
You can change your partitions using an inbuilt tool like cfdisk, or if you'd prefer a GUI gparted can be installed from the Arch repos. This will allow you to shrink sda4, and set up the new partitions for your Ubuntu OS. Although this shouldn't cause any data loss, its best practice to back up just in case.
When installing Ubuntu, be sure to opt-out of bootloader creation. I think you have to use the alternate installation media to get this option. You can add your Ubuntu partition to the existing bootloader by running osprober (available from the repos) and then running grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg . Alternatively, you can manually edit your GRUB config. See https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GR … NU.2FLinux for instructions.
Good luck!
Last edited by smazza (2012-12-29 16:04:08) -
[Solved]Dual booting Arch and Fedora
i was hoping to partition like this:
/boot (same for both)
/root (arch)
/swap (same for both)
/root (fedora)
/home (same for both)
this doing is according to: bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=97121
as both are using grub2, i don't think having same /boot would coz any trouble
and about /home, having uid and gid 500 for both arch and fedora would not cause any trouble,eh?
how do i change uid and gid from 100 to 500 on first boot in arch?
thnz in advnc
Last edited by eric17 (2012-05-25 18:25:04)eric17 wrote:guys!..ran into a new one
now that, i have gpt table(want to try it for the first time), so bootloader doesn't install in MBR, so how to install it on /dev/sda1(no seperate for boot)?
there is no method to change the location from sda to sda1(as installer discourages it)
if it is so important to have it in MBR, then how do I force it while 'Install bootloader'?
first i created bios_grub(1mb) on /sda1 through fedora installation(as without it, after installing arch, fedora was showing error that there is no boot storage device 1 or somethin like that)
then, through Gparted:
/root /sda2 fedora
/root /sda3 arch
/swap both
simple ext4 data partion (later i would create folders in it and bind them to each distro's home
then installed arch without bootloader in end....after that fedora and it installed grub 1.99 on /sda
now, both are booting fine
thnx to every one -
[Solved] Boot process hangs for installed Arch and installation usb
Hi. I've been using Arch Linux for around 6 months now and I'm in love with it. It is now my primary OS. However, I might have done something or performed some update, and I can no longer boot into Arch. The boot process hangs right before it should show the login screen (I'm using Gnome 3.6 with GDM). I see the following messages on the screen:
Loading Linux core repo kernel ...
Loading initial ramdisk ...
/dev/sda3: recovering journal
/dev/sda3: clean, 330610/1749664 files, 5585671/6996827 blocks
And then it hangs right there. I have to hard-reboot after this.
I then tried to boot using the Arch Linux Installation USB (archlinux-2012.12.01-dual.img), which also hangs at a particular point, before it should show me the prompt. I took a picture of the screen where it hangs: Screen Capture. This is an issue with just my laptop, because the USB boots just fine on another laptop I tried.
I also have Windows 7 and Ubuntu 12.10 installed on my system, and I'm able to boot into both of them.
I have 2 hard drives: /dev/sda is a 120GB SSD, and /dev/sdb is a 500GB hard disk. My partitions are as follows:
sda1 - Windows 7 100MB System Reserved Partition (boot flag enabled)
sda2 - Windows 7 OS
sda3 - ArchLinux (boot flag enabled)
sdb1 - Ubuntu 12.10 (boot flag enabled)
sdb2 - Just data
I ran bootinfoscript and below is the output:
Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012]
============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================
=> Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
in partition 99 for .
=> Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
in partition 99 for .
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows 7
Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe
sda3: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Mounting failed: mount: /dev/sda3 already mounted or sda3 busy
sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ext4
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
Operating System: Ubuntu 12.10
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab
sdb2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================
Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sda: 120.0 GB, 120034123776 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 14593 cylinders, total 234441648 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2,048 206,847 204,800 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sda2 206,848 178,466,084 178,259,237 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
/dev/sda3 * 178,466,085 234,440,703 55,974,619 83 Linux
Drive: sdb _____________________________________________________________________
Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 63 20,948,759 20,948,697 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 20,964,824 976,771,071 955,806,248 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS
"blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________
Device UUID TYPE LABEL
/dev/mmcblk0p1 6665-3162 vfat
/dev/sda1 CA6A20CC6A20B75B ntfs System Reserved
/dev/sda2 1EE242D5E242B137 ntfs
/dev/sda3 65db0c59-9f04-46f1-975d-8a4c28132137 ext4
/dev/sdb1 bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed ext4
/dev/sdb2 3C2E3A4E2E3A0206 ntfs
================================ Mount points: =================================
Device Mount_Point Type Options
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /media/dhaval/6665-3162 vfat (rw,nosuid,nodev,uid=1000,gid=1000,shortname=mixed,dmask=0077,utf8=1,showexec,flush,uhelper=udisks2)
/dev/sdb1 / ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
=========================== sdb1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
set have_grubenv=true
load_env
fi
set default="0"
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
menuentry_id_option=""
fi
export menuentry_id_option
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
function recordfail {
set recordfail=1
if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1 bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
fi
font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi
if loadfont $font ; then
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
set locale_dir=$prefix/locale
set lang=en_US
insmod gettext
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then
set timeout=-1
else
set timeout=10
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
if background_color 13,37,73; then
clear
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
function gfxmode {
set gfxpayload="${1}"
if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then
set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7
else
set vt_handoff=
fi
if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then
if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then
if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then
if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
export linux_gfx_mode
if [ "${linux_gfx_mode}" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi
menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed' {
recordfail
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1 bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
fi
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-21-generic root=UUID=bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed ro quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor $vt_handoff
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-21-generic
submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed' {
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.5.0-21-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.5.0-21-generic-advanced-bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed' {
recordfail
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1 bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.5.0-21-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-21-generic root=UUID=bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed ro quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-21-generic
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.5.0-21-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.5.0-21-generic-recovery-bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed' {
recordfail
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1 bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.5.0-21-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-21-generic root=UUID=bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-21-generic
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-29-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.2.0-29-generic-advanced-bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed' {
recordfail
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1 bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-29-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic root=UUID=bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed ro quiet splash acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-29-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.2.0-29-generic-recovery-bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed' {
recordfail
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1 bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-29-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic root=UUID=bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed ro recovery nomodeset
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1 bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
fi
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin
menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd1,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,msdos1 bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed
fi
linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8
### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
menuentry 'Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-chain-CA6A20CC6A20B75B' {
insmod part_msdos
insmod ntfs
set root='hd0,msdos1'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,msdos1 --hint-efi=hd0,msdos1 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,msdos1 CA6A20CC6A20B75B
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root CA6A20CC6A20B75B
fi
chainloader +1
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg;
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
=============================== sdb1/etc/fstab: ================================
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0
# / was on /dev/sdb1 during installation
UUID=bb9818db-ce7c-43a4-8ad5-8d3702001aed / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
=================== sdb1: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
4.564525127 = 4.901121536 boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
5.130507946 = 5.508840960 boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic 2
5.851592541 = 6.283099648 boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-21-generic 2
6.317649364 = 6.783524352 boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-29-generic 1
4.965751171 = 5.331934720 boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-21-generic 2
5.851592541 = 6.283099648 initrd.img 2
5.851592541 = 6.283099648 initrd.img.old 2
4.965751171 = 5.331934720 vmlinuz 2
4.965751171 = 5.331934720 vmlinuz.old 2
I tried adding nomodeset and acpi=off to the boot parameters, but the boot process still hangs. Please let me know if I should provide any other information.
Last edited by dhavalparmar (2012-12-30 11:45:25)Ok.. So my Arch Linux randomly decided to work. I'm sure I didn't do anything between my last "not working" state and my current "working" state. Below are a few things I tried:
I thought of trying an earlier build of ArchLinux, and downloaded archlinux-2012.11.01-dual.iso and made a bootable USB out of it. It still hung.
I was getting error messages during Arch boot that the last access time for the disks was at a future date. I found out that Ubuntu was using localtime instead of UTC and screwing up my hardware clock. I fixed it, and thought maybe the time issues were causing the boot problem. But fixing time didn't solve my problem.
I chrooted into Arch from my Ubuntu install, ran 'sudo pacman -Syyu' and updated my Arch install.
I thought maybe GDM isn't starting up. I re-enabled the service using 'systemctl enable gdm.service'.
I removed OpenNTPd and installed NTPd. Enabled the daemon using 'systemctl enable ntpd'
None of the above solved the problem, and rebooting to Arch still hung the system. So I stopped fiddling with it yesterday. Today, as usual, I just tried logging into Arch.. And it just worked out of the blue. The solution to me is as mysterious as the problem.
I told this to my friend who introduced me to Arch, and this is what he said:
Damn it computers, you were supposed to be deterministic! -
Arch And Windows 7 Dual Boot On Separate HDD
Hi everyone.
Firstly, a big thank you to everyone for helping me out in my first thread regarding choice of partitions and filesystems.
I went on to install Arch today on my second HDD (160GB). My first HDD has Windows 7 installed on it. (The BIOS shows that the HDD with Win 7 installed is HDD1.)
Arch showed the HDDs as sda and sdb. I was installing on sdb and created my partitions accordingly.
sdb1 --> root (15GB)
sdb2 --> swap (1GB)
sdb3 --> var (10GB)
sdb4 --> home (remaining space)
I had to flag sdb1 as Bootable.
Then I was asked about mountpoints and something about selecting by dev or uuid. I didn't quite understand but selected dev. Then formatted with ext4. Did not add any parameters.
Before proceeding they gave a warning about no /boot partition but I continued anyway.
It was an FTP install and went pretty smoothly. I configured everything exactly as I had read in the guides online and Wiki. GRUB said it configured successfully (I did not make any chnges to it). I had put GRUB on sdb and not on any partition.
As I rebooted, my system did not show the GRUB but went straight on to Windows 7. I went into BIOS and changed my first drive to the 160GB Seagate where I had installed Arch and rebooted. This time GRUB came up without any option to boot Windows 7. When I selected Arch it gave an error and did not boot.
So I'm back on Windows 7 and need help. I'm a noob and did not much understand the solution that I saw on another thread. Since I intend to have the 2 OSs on separate drives and dual boot, what should I do?
Will be very grateful for any help.
Last edited by Ritwik7 (2010-06-06 12:01:31)Here you go:
# Config file for GRUB - The GNU GRand Unified Bootloader
# /boot/grub/menu.lst
# DEVICE NAME CONVERSIONS
# Linux Grub
# /dev/fd0 (fd0)
# /dev/sda (hd0)
# /dev/sdb2 (hd1,1)
# /dev/sda3 (hd0,2)
# FRAMEBUFFER RESOLUTION SETTINGS
# +-------------------------------------------------+
# | 640x480 800x600 1024x768 1280x1024
# ----+--------------------------------------------
# 256 | 0x301=769 0x303=771 0x305=773 0x307=775
# 32K | 0x310=784 0x313=787 0x316=790 0x319=793
# 64K | 0x311=785 0x314=788 0x317=791 0x31A=794
# 16M | 0x312=786 0x315=789 0x318=792 0x31B=795
# +-------------------------------------------------+
# for more details and different resolutions see
# http://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/GRUB#Framebuffer_Resolution
# general configuration:
timeout 5
default 0
color light-blue/black light-cyan/blue
# boot sections follow
# each is implicitly numbered from 0 in the order of appearance below
# TIP: If you want a 1024x768 framebuffer, add "vga=773" to your kernel line.
# (0) Windows
title Windows
rootnoverify (hd1,0)
makeactive
chainloader +1
# (1) Arch Linux
title Arch Linux
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz26 root=/dev/mapper/vghparch-lvroot ro quiet
initrd /kernel26.img
# (2) Arch Linux
title Arch Linux Fallback
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz26 root=/dev/mapper/vghparch-lvroot ro
initrd /kernel26-fallback.img
I installed grub on the second hdd and configured the bios so this drive comes first in the boot sequence and as pyther pointed out above the drive where grub is loaded from becomes hd0.
Last edited by Ashren (2010-06-07 18:51:29) -
Why do I get the "We're sorry but the Safari browser version you are currently using does not support the community toolbar"? It pops up every time I open Safari. I have installed Lion but it is still there?
That toolbar/ct plugin seems to cause problems for all who install it!
If you are running Tiger or Leopard:
Close Safari, then locate and delete the following files and it should be gone:
/Library/Application Support/Conduit
/Library/InputManagers/CTLoader
/Library/Receipts/ctloader.pkg
/Library/Receipts/<Toolbar name>.pkg
/Library/Application Support/SIMBL/Plugins/CT2285220.bundle
/Users/<User name>/Library/Application Support/Conduit
where / is the root library on your Hard Disk.
If you are running Snow Leopard you should also look here:
Library/launchAgents/com.conduit.loader.agent.plist
Library/Application support/conduit plugins
Also, as mentioned by Gilli2000:
Library/Receipts - If you read it, it has information in it at the bottom referring extensively to "CT" and "community toolbar".
Maybe it is harmless, but trash those items anyway!
If you are running Lion:
From the Finder Menu bar, select Go ▹ Go to Folder, and in the box that opens write:
~/Library/Application Support/Conduit
Delete the second item if it is there.
Now select Go to Folder again and enter /Library
From the folder that opens, delete the following items if they are there (you may need your login password):
Application Support/Conduit
InputManagers/CTLoader
LaunchAgents/com.conduit.loader.agent.plist
ScriptingAdditions/ct_scripting.osax
then close the folder. Now select Go to Folder again and write: /Applications/Toolbars
Delete that item and close the Finder windows you opened. Log out then log back in, and you should be rid of it.
Note: Safari does not support any third-party toolbars except those supplied as an extension to Safari via the Extension Gallery. -
Update Address and communication Details of BP
Hi,
Requirement is we need to update address and communication details of BP, please let us know relative BAPI for the same. Below roles has to be updated with given address and communication details,
General Role
Employee Role
Help full information will be appreciated..Hi,
For updation of address you can use
BAPI_BUPA_ADDRESS_CHANGE.
I guess you cannot update a role . You can only add new roles with BAPI_BUPA_ROLE_ADD .
One more thing in address updation, Whatever fields are there in import parameter ( Address) you can update them even if they are not present in database.
But in case of Tables( Communication details) fields you can only update if the values are existing in database.
Reward if helpful.
Regards
Sourabh -
Business Component and Communication Component
hi
is there any difference between Business Component and Communication Component in PI 7.1.
I assume business service of pi 7.0 is become Business Component.Business Service of PI7.0 is now Business Component of PI7.1 with the same functionality
Communication Component is containing Business Components, Integration Process, Business System) -
Problem in Change Office and communication Data
Hi all,
In ESS, where we have the Employee search, there is Who's Who and Change office and Communication Data.
We have added a new field "Mobile Telephone " in who's who list.But when we want to Change/Modify the Mobile number by goin to Change Office and Communication data , we are not getting that field there. How can we make the changes?
Need help on this ..
Thnks in advance.
NRHi,
Did u get a solution for this. I am also having a similar problem. -
Message Interface and Communication Channel are not getting in RW B
Hi
I have created a sceario in which i have created following things
2 - External Definition of Same XSD
2 - Data Types
2 - Message Types
4 - Message Interfaces
2 - XSLT mappings
2 - Interface Mapping
I have created on two scenario objects in XI ID.
But In RWB i can see only one sceario message interfaces and communication channels but the for other scenario MIs and Communication channels are not visible in RWB
I have created all the things in only one Namespace.
What could be the problem .please help me
RegardsHi,
Have you activated it?
Can you see it in SXI_CACHE?
If one is no please run report SAI_CACHE_REFRESH
Kind regards,
Wojciech
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