Arch's BSD style init and parrallelized boot

Greetings,
Considering giving Arch a try sometime soon and just reading up on it, I came across some comments that Arch uses a BSD style init, which coming from Debian/Fedora is unlike what I've seen before.
Does Arch's BSD style init system allow for parrellized init scripts during boot?
That is, instead of starting foo1, foo2, foo3, foo4 sequentially, it starts foo1/2, foo3/4/5, etc.?
Best,
AM

Similar threads:
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=762904
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=72156&p=1

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  • What exactly is a BSD style init framework?

    I keep seeing this statement but what does it actually mean?  Looked it up on Wikipedia and it went right over my head...  How is Arch like/unlike BSD and most other Linux distros?  I have a friend who's hardcore into FreeBSD and he loves it because it's so organized, all user apps go to the same folder, system stuff to a certain folder, etc, instead of everything all mixed up with lots of places to put everything like most linux distros have.  Is this similar to how Arch works?
    Thanks,
    Nathan

    BSD:
    * Startup scripts are generally kept in /etc/rc.d/
    * A small number of files (/etc/rc.sysinit, /etc/rc.local, etc.) control the startup process
    Sys V:
    * Startup scripts are generally kept in /etc/init.d/
    * There are also a number of /etc/rcX.d/ directories -- one for every run-level (i.e. X represents 0 through 6 and S, so, 8 altogether)
    * The contents of each /etc/rcX.d/ directory is a collection of soft-links to scripts in /etc/init.d/
    * Each soft-link in a specific /etc/rcX.d/ directory is named so it will execute in the order of it's alphabetical relationship to the other soft-links
    Example (ls -1 /etc/rc3.d/):
    S05vbesave  <-- execs first
    S10acpid
    S10sysklogd
    S10xserver-xorg-input-wacom
    S11klogd
    S12dbus
    S12hal
    S98usplash
    S99acpi-support
    S99laptop-mode
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    S99rmnologin  <-- execs last
    This example was actually 39 lines long -- and just represents run-level #3.  In addition, /etc/rc.local executes after the target run-level is finished doing init.
    So, given Sys V's complex hierarchy -- spanning 8 run-levels by an average of N-number of daemons -- you can probably guess why so many people rave about Arch's BSD-style init schema ;-)

  • Understanding init and inittab

    I'm trying to enhance the wiki page https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Inittab by making some points clearer, according my understanding. But before that, I'd like to ensure what I understand is correct. I'm not a native speaker so language polishing is also appreciated.
    * The first process started by kernel, after the kernel image("/boot/kernel26.img") has been fully loaded, is init. This behavior, however, can be modified by specifying kernel parameter(is it the correct term?) init=path/to/fancyinit in the bootloader if you'd like to use "fancyinit". (Question: how is the default init determined? Is it hard-coded into kernel26.img?)
    * Arch by default uses sysvinit (pacman package core/sysvinit) as the init program. sysvinit(the program is sbin/init in Arch) reads /etc/inittab to decide what to do according to the runlevel specified in the kernel parameter as "ro x", where x is the desired runlevel. When not explicitly specified, sysvinit enters the default runlevel specified in /etc/inittab.
    * What the wiki page especially lacks (and confused me a lot) is the control flow of init. The name "inittab" tends to make people think it's order-free table; but as I understand, init performs actions specified in /etc/inittab in order as in the file, so it's really "sysvinitscript" (in Arch the name "initscript" already refers to the /etc/rc.* scripts). However, except for entries with action "sysinit", "bootwait" and "wait", the commands are executed asynchronously, somehow making the order less important.
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    demian wrote:
    (Question: how is the default init determined? Is it hard-coded into kernel26.img?)
    As i understand it, if kernel26.img is used, the init process will be started by /init (link), a busybox script on the initial ram disk. It determines /sbin/init as standard init process unless $init is determined. You can change $init in /lib/initcpio/init which is what mkinitcpio will copy to the initrd (kernel26.img).
    Thanks!
    But overall /sbin/init is a very small part of the boot process. Arch uses a BSD style init process instead of sysvinit which means most work is done by /etc/rc.sysinit. Probably very early in /sbin/init (you'd have to get the sourcecode) there will be a check for the runtime level leading to /etc/inittab which as you've stated sets that level but also delegates to the startup scripts used by Arch. From then on it's BSD style startup.
    There is an archwiki article specific to the boot process: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_Boot_Process
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    I knew of the BSD-style booting process; I'm trying to make sysvinit things clearer because it's useful sometimes(like https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/St … 2Finittab). I think I should change the word "handle" to "delegate" to avoid confusion.
    Another issue concerning the wiki and inittab: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/St … .2Finittab states:
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  • Arch vs BSD

    In Wikipedia describing the features of Arch is that it uses a BSD-style init framework. Today I read in DistroWatch about "compare and contrast BSD Ports and Linux package management", doesn't Arch has another BSD feature as well.
    The ports system provides Makefiles, allowing you to pass make targets and compile your own software. The packages system provides pre-compiled binaries, allowing you to quickly install software from the command line.
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    fukawi2 wrote:
    litemotiv wrote:
    .:B:. wrote:I have never seen a Linux distro make compiling your own packages instead of using the stock binary ones as easy as Arch. ABS is a real framework, all you have to do is run 'abs' in your terminal and you'll pull in all the PKGBUILDs, patches etc. necessary for rebuilding every single package in the Arch repositories.
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    sudo abs
    cd /var/abs/$repo/$pkgname
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  • Installing Arch Linux on USB key: error while booting

    Hello,
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    Root device '/dev/sdc' doesn't exist. Attempting to create it.
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    /bin/sh: Can't contact tty; job control turned off
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    /dev/sdc3 /home ext3 defaults 0 1
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    1. What I did is re-installing entirely from my installation disk or USB to test out different setting in  my config files, because I don't know how to edit my .conf as I can't really finish to boot to the end and get in terminal mode? If there is a quicker way to edit files from any terminal to go into my current USB sdc to modify directly my file from there, I'd enjoy probably. So rebuilding the initpio, no, I just re-installed to test out different configs.
    2. Yes, same error.
    3. Tested out by-id/by-path and uuid = no difference
    4. Didn't know about larch, it seems to be a nice tool, I'll check it out

  • Please review wiki article "init and inittab"

    https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Init_and_inittab
    diff against old version: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php?ti … did=120785
    Much of the knowledge was learned from this thread.
    A lot of enhancements. To summary:
    Changed the title from "inittab" to current one; created redirections from "init";
    A detailed explanation on the mechanism of init and the entry format of inittab;
    Reorganized the sections explaining inittab entries to agree with the order of default inittab of Arch;
    A lot of language polishing;
    TODOs:
    Write an overview. Currently the overview is still split into two parts (beginning of article and the "overview" section). I'd like to use the summary templates, but I'm running out of time now. Also, I'm neither familiar with the syntax or good at writing a summary. Help is needed;
    The language in some sections may still be bad, or even have been made worse, due to my English level. Need review of a fluent speaker.
    Last edited by xiaq (2011-05-02 05:48:07)

    Thanks, xiaq!
    You can use the talk page to share your ideas and enhancements.

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    /dev/sda2 opensuse
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    Other partitions on the same drives are used for storage and the suse uses an nfs exported /home
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    Tell me tosh..... why does windows x64 refuse to allow me to make a system boot disc (even though the laptop is all driver updated and Windows updated)?
    Uninstall MalwareBytes when Norton/McAfee tells you there will be a conflict between the two programs.
    It tells you to re-boot after uninstalling it.
    Then when it re-boots you get a black screen. You cannot even get to bios. You think ytour laptop is turned into a brick frisbee. You pull out the battery in frustration after five minutes.
    You replace and re-boot....but again you get no bios or boot up.... you think its destroyed the Bios or graphics somehow....youo can hear the hard-drive but you have no clue whats going on..
    Around this time you shake the laptop in frustration.....
    Calm down.
    Switch on and leave FIFTEEN MINUTES....Ten of which will be a Black nothing screen with maybe a single white underscore line in the top left corner.LEAVE IT ALONE.
    Make a sunday dinner for ten people....When you go back to the computer it will be up and running.
    When you re-boot again, it will be dead black for five minutes...then boots up... you still think it has a problem... LEAVE IT.
    When you reboot again it should work perfect (assuming you have not been overheating it by using it on a cushion on your lap and overheating the insides [use a laptop fan tray]) if you have not shaken your hard drive or caused scrambled damage by pulling the power fifty times like some people do.
    I have lost three hard drives and thousands of Gigabytes of treasured family memories discovering the secret the hard way.
    Enjoy.
    Buy a different brand next time.
    ALL Windows system files should be on a SWITCHED (to update) version of Windows.
    Spinning drives should be for Data only.

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