Ask the Cisco VIP: Troubleshooting SIP in Cisco Unified communications

Troubleshooting SIP in Cisco Unified communications deployments with Cisco VIP Ayodeji Okanlawon
This is a Q&A Ask the Expert Session continuation from the Live Webcast
Ask your questions on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and how it is redefining our UC world.The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling communications protocol, widely used for controlling multimedia communication sessions such as voice and video calls over Internet Protocol (IP) networks.
Featured Expert
Ayodeji Okanlawon, a Cisco Designated VIP, is the Lead Consultant Engineer for Global Solutions Design and Engineering at Verizon Business. In his past, he has worked at Intact IS, NCS Global, and Schlumberger Information Solutions. His experience includes development of design and deployment of large scale IP telephony projects on Cisco Call Manager platforms, Cisco Voice gateways, Cisco Jabber cloud and on premise solution. His expertise includes SIP solutions, CUBE design and Deployment, Troubleshooting: Voice gateways, CUCM, Unity connection, CUPS. Deji has been awarded the Cisco Designated VIP in 2013 and 2014. Deji holds a Bachelor of Science (BS), Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Second Class Upper from Obafemi Awolowo University.
According to Deji, “If you want to advance your career, if you’re serious about your skill sets, you’ve got to be in the forums.” (Read the Interview >>)
We look forward to your participation. This event is open to all, including partners.
* * Remember to use the rating system to let Deji know if you have received an adequate response. * *
Deji might not be able to answer each question due to the high volume expected during this event. This event runs January 13 through January 23, 2015. Visit this forum often to view responses to your questions and the questions of other community members.

Derrick,
RFC 3261defines ways to provide increased security for a SIP session.
The following describes areas in SIP that provides security for the protocol
1. Authenticating users.
We need to authenticate a user to ensure that the sender of the message is who he claims to be.
To achieve this SIP uses digest authentication between a UAC, proxy and a UAS. This provides the most basic level of authentication challenge between a client, proxy and a server.
2. Secure SIP signalling
The next area we can secure is SIP signalling itself. For this we use SSL/TLS. This is similar to using https in web browsers. With TLS before our any signalling is exchange X.509 certificates are used create a secure TLS channel. All our SIP messages are then transported within the secure channel.
NB: The digest authentication mentioned above for authenticating a user agent is just authentication. The messages are not protected from reading or modification hence it is recommended that these messages are carried inside a secure TLS channel for better security.
3. Privacy and Identification
Additional security features in SIP provides means where any user can choose to either reveal or conceal his identity.
4.Secure RTP
SIP also provides the ability to secure the media channel. It is not enough to secure signalling while anyone can listen to the media. RFC3830 discusses how the encryption should be done.
5. S/MIME
S/MIME encapsulation is used to protect sip headers making it impossible for any one in between the sender and receiver to modify the sip headers
Regards

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Ask the Experts: Single Sign-On with Cisco WebEx Meetings Server, Internet Reverse Proxy, and Enterprise License Manager Solutions

With Arun Kumar
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IRP provides public access, enabling users to host or attend meetings from the Internet and mobile devices. Although IRP is optional, Cisco encourages its use because it provides a better user experience for your mobile workforce.
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Remember to use the rating system to let Arun know if you have received an adequate response.
Arun might not be able to answer each question because of the volume expected during this event. Remember that you can continue the conversation on the Collaboration, Voice, and Video community Other Subjects subcommunity shortly after the event. This event lasts through Monday May 17, 2013. Visit this forum often to view responses to your questions and the questions of other Cisco Support Community members.

Hello Mobile Service,
CWMS and Jabber integrations:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/voice_ip_comm/jabber/Windows/9_1/JABW_BK_E4CC9599_00_environment-configuration-guide_chapter_01.html#JABW_TK_SF2ED5E1_00
In above link start from section: Set Up Cisco WebEx Meetings Server on Cisco Unified Presence
then move to section: Add Cisco WebEx Meetings Server to a Profile
Once done, move to section: Specify Conferencing Credentials in the Client side. You will see above server already listed there, just go ahead and enter your username and password (pleae make sure this user already exists on your CWMS) and accept any certificate/s if presented. Jabber Integration is done and you can start testing the same.
Attached CWMS - AFDS integration doc.
Please let me know if any furhter question.
Thanks, Arun

Ask the Expert: Packet Capture Capabilities of Cisco Routers and Switches

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Blog URL: Packet Capture Capabilities of Cisco Routers and Switches
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Hitesh Kumar is a customer support engineer in the High-Touch Technical Services team at Cisco specializing in routing protocols. He has been supporting major service providers and enterprise customers in routing, Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), multicast, and Layer 2 VPN (L2VPN) issues on routing platforms for more than three years. He has more than six years of experience in the IT industry and holds a CCIE certification (number 38757) in service.
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Remember to use the rating system to let Hitesh and Rahul know if you have received an adequate response.
Because of the volume expected during this event, Hitesh and Rahul might not be able to answer each question. Remember that you can continue the conversation in the Service Provider, sub-community forum shortly after the event. This event lasts through November 1, 2013. Visit this forum often to view responses to your questions and the questions of other Cisco Support Community members.

Hello Erick
    Thanks for the topology. The trigger will be different for labelled packet as you would need to mention the values of labels too in the trigger.
     Below are two examples of one or two labels being used, it depends on where you are capturing the packet in mplsvpn scenario which will decide teh number of labels being imposed on the packet.
Trigger for one label. (if the router on which you are capturing the packet PHP is being performed)
VPN label - 5678
Source Address - 111.111.111.111
Destination Address - 123.123.123.123
show platform capture elam trigger dbus others if data = 0 0 0 0x88470162 0xE0000000 0 0 0x00006F6F 0x6F6F 7B7B 0x7B7B0000 [ 0 0 0 0xffffffff 0xf0000000 0 0 0x0000ffff 0xffffffff 0xffff0000 ]
Trigger for two labels. (for other core routers)
IGP label - 1234
VPN label - 5678
Source Address - 111.111.111.111
Destination Address - 123.123.123.123
show platform capture elam trigger dbus others if data = 0 0 0 0x8847004D 0x20000162 0xE0000000 0 0 0x00006F6F 0x6F6F7B7B 0x7B7B0000 [ 0 0 0 0xffffffff 0xf000ffff 0xf0000000 0 0 0x0000ffff 0xffffffff 0xffff0000 ]
    You can check the labels being used (by using show ip cef <> details) and covert their values to hex and change the trigger accordingly.
     I have changed the colors for better understanding. If you notice carefully in the trigger the values for ip address, labels have just been converted to their respective hex values which could be replaced.
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Thanks & Regards
Hitesh & Rahul

Ask the Expert: C-Series Integration with Cisco Unified Computing System Manager

Welcome to the Cisco Support Community Ask the Expert conversation. This conversation is an opportunity to learn and ask questions about Cisco C-Series Integration with Cisco Unified Computing System® Manager (Cisco UCS® Manager) with Cisco experts Vishal Mehta and Manuel Velasco.
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SingleConnect (Sideband): Using Network Controller Sideband Interface (NC-SI), the Cisco UCS Virtual Interface Card 1225 (VIC1225) connects one cable that can carry both data and management traffic.
Direct Connect Mode: Cisco UCS Manager Version 2.2 introduces an additional rack server management mode using direct connection to the Fabric Interconnect.
Vishal Mehta is a customer support engineer for Cisco’s Data Center Server Virtualization Technical Assistance Center (TAC) team based in San Jose, California. He has been working in the TAC for the past 3 years with a primary focus on data center technologies such as Cisco Nexus® 5000, Cisco UCS, Cisco Nexus 1000V, and virtualization. He presented at Cisco Live in Orlando 2013 and will present at Cisco Live Milan 2014 (BRKCOM-3003, BRKDCT-3444, and LABDCT-2333). He holds a master’s degree from Rutgers University in electrical and computer engineering and has CCIE® certification (number 37139) in routing and switching and service provider.
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Hello Sebastian,
The different modes of connecting C-Series with UCSM come into play depending on the type of infrastructure you already have along with C-Series and NIC model.
Cisco UCS C-Series Rack-Mount Servers are managed by the built-in standalone software, Cisco Integrated Management Controller (CIMC) .
Powerful features provided by Cisco UCS Manager can be leveraged to manage C-Series server by integrating C-Series Rack-Mount Server with UCSM.
This not only gives you rich-feature set but also one management plane to operate UCS-B Series Chassis and UCS-C Series Rack Server.
You will manage the server using the Cisco UCS Manager GUI or Cisco UCS Manager CLI.
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The following are the connectivity modes:
• Dual-wire Management (Shared LOM):
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http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/unified_computing/ucs/c-series_integration/ucsm2-2/b_C-Series-Integration_UCSM2-2/b_C-Series-Integration_UCSM2-2_chapter_0100.html
This mode is recommended when you have C-Server which does not have or cannot support VIC 1225 card (such C-200 server)
• SingleConnect (Sideband):
Using Network Controller Sideband Interface (NC-SI), Cisco UCS VIC1225 Virtual Interface Card (VIC) connects one cable that can carry both data traffic and management traffic.
This feature is referred to as SingleConnect.
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/unified_computing/ucs/c-series_integration/ucsm2-2/b_C-Series-Integration_UCSM2-2/b_C-Series-Integration_UCSM2-2_chapter_011.html
This most recommended Integration model when using FEX and VIC 1225 card
• Direct Connect Mode:
Cisco UCS Manager release version 2.2 introduces an additional rack server management mode using direct connection to the Fabric Interconnect.
This mode will eliminate the need for FEX module as Servers are directly plugged into the base ports of Fabric Interconnect
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/unified_computing/ucs/c-series_integration/ucsm2-2/b_C-Series-Integration_UCSM2-2/b_C-Series-Integration_UCSM2-2_chapter_0110.html
Please let us know if you need more information. Thank you!
Thanks,
Vishal

Ask the Expert: Layer 2 Security on Cisco Catalyst Platforms

With Wilson Bonilla
Welcome to the Cisco Support Community Ask the Expert conversation. This is an opportunity to learn and ask questions about about issues in designing, planning, and implementing Layer 2 security in your LAN network with expert Wilson Bonilla.
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Wilson Bonilla is a technical networking trainer at the Learning and Development Department for Cisco Technical Assistance Center located in Costa Rica. Before joining the Training Department, he worked for the Cisco TAC as a customer support engineer focused on LAN Switching for more than two years. While working on LAN switching, Wilson also had roles such as technical leader and trainer, adding to his area of expertise in Cisco Catalyst Layer 2 switching. He has CCNP routing and switching certification and is currently studying to achieve his CCNA certification in data center.
Remember to use the rating system to let Wilson know if you've received an adequate response.
Because of the volume expected during this event, Wilson might not be able to answer every question. Remember that you can continue the conversation in the Network Infrastructure community, subcommunity, LAN, Switching and Routing, shortly after the event. This event lasts through November, 2013. Visit this forum often to view responses to your questions and those of other Cisco Support Community members.

Hello NetNavi.
Check the post above about MacSec for more information and let me know if you need further clarification, if so I will do my best,
In regards to best practices there is a Cisco document; it describes deployments and best practices in every scenario; Supplicants, authenticator, authentication services and other configurations. Please check it out:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/iosswrel/ps6537/ps6586/ps6638/deploy_guide_c17-663760.html
In regards to Private VLANS:
What is a Private Vlan?
A private Vlan is a way to isolate hosts within the same Vlan or broadcast domain. So even when you might have devices sharing the same broadcast domain they can be isolated, this isolated is configured based on sub-domains also most often called primary and secondary Vlans.
What is a primary Vlan?
The primary Vlan is representation of the private Vlan, a primary Vlan has one or more secondary Vlans, a switch uses the primary Vlan to present traffic from the secondary Vlans to its neighboring devices.
What is a secondary Vlan?
A secondary Vlan is a sub-domain of the primary Vlan. We could say that the secondary Vlans belongs to the primary. The must be associated to a primary Vlan. There are two types of secondary vlans: Isolated and Community secondary Vlans.
What does it happen to host within a secondary isolated Vlan?
Host within the isolated vlan; can’t communicate to neither other host in the same isoalted vlan nor host in a community vlan.
What does it happen to host within the secondary community Vlan?
Host within the community Vlan can communicate with other host assigned to the same community vlan, but they can’t talk to host in other community vlans.
What are the benefits of implementing private Vlans?
Scalability: The most common scenario is a service provider. Imagine all customers of a service provider connected through DSL, cable modem… it’s very likely that all customers belong to the same broadcast domain, however if that’s the case why is it that I can’t use my neighbor’s printer, or maybe why is it that I can’t access the files he has store in his computer, (security) we are in the same broadcast shouldn’t I be able to at least ping his ip address?. Well that’s because the ISP must guarantee some type of security for their customers, and because put every single customer that they have in a single Vlan is not scalable they use private Vlans.
Examples:
ISP use private vlans to protect from security bridges, Private vlans and isolated Vlans are used to protect personal information for example from one customer to another.
DMZ; Many implementations utilizes private vlans in a DMZ to limt or minimize that risk of a compromised server.
I would like to share this documentation with you for further information and configuration guidelines
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk814/technologies_configuration_example09186a008017acad.shtml#hw
This document explains what Cisco Catalyst switches support Private Vlans.
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/switches/ps708/products_tech_note09186a0080094830.shtml
Let me know if you have further questions.
Regards
Wilson B.

Ask the Expert:Configuring, Troubleshooting & Best Practices on ASA & FWSM Failover

With Prashanth Goutham R.
Welcome to the Cisco Support Community Ask the Expert conversation. This is an opportunity to learn and ask questions about the Configuring, Troubleshooting & Best Practices on Adaptive Security Appliances (ASA) & Firewall Services Module (FWSM) Failover with Prashanth Goutham.
Firewall Services Module (FWSM) is a high-performance stateful-inspection firewall that integrates into the Cisco® 6500 switch and 7600 router chassis. The FWSM monitors traffic flows using application inspection engines to provide a strong level of network security. Cisco ASA is a key component of the Cisco SecureX Framework, protects networks of all sizes with MultiScale performance and a comprehensive suite of highly integrated, market-leading security services.
Prashanth Goutham is an experienced support engineer with the High Touch Technical Support (HTTS) Security team, covering all Cisco security technologies. During his four years with Cisco, he has worked with Cisco's major customers, troubleshooting routing, LAN switching, and security technologies. He is also qualified as a GIAC Certified Incident Handler (GCIH) by the SANS Institute.
Remember to use the rating system to let Prashanth know if you have received an adequate response.
Prashanth might not be able to answer each question due to the volume expected during this event. Remember that you can continue the conversation on the Security sub-community forum shortly after the event. This event lasts through July 13, 2012. Visit this forum often to view responses to your questions and the questions of other community members.

Hello John,
This session is on Failover Functionality on all Cisco Firewalls, im not a geek on QOS however i have the answer for what you need. The way to limit traffic would be to enable QOS Policing on your Firewalls. The requirement that you have is about limiting 4 different tunnels to be utilizing the set limits and drop any further packets. This is called Traffic Policing. I tried out the following in my lab and it looks good.
access-list tunnel_one extended permit ip 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 20.1.0.0 255.255.0.0access-list tunnel_two extended permit ip 10.2.0.0 255.255.0.0 20.2.0.0 255.255.0.0access-list tunnel_three extended permit ip 10.3.0.0 255.255.0.0 20.3.0.0 255.255.0.0access-list tunnel_four extended permit ip 10.4.0.0 255.255.0.0 20.4.0.0 255.255.0.0    class-map Tunnel_Policy1     match access-list tunnel_one class-map Tunnel_Policy2     match access-list tunnel_two class-map Tunnel_Policy3     match access-list tunnel_three class-map Tunnel_Policy4     match access-list tunnel_four policy-map tunnel_traffic_limit     class Tunnel_Policy1      police output 4096000 policy-map tunnel_traffic_limit     class Tunnel_Policy2      police output 5734400 policy-map tunnel_traffic_limit     class Tunnel_Policy3      police output 2457600    policy-map tunnel_traffic_limit     class Tunnel_Policy4      police output 4915200service-policy tunnel_traffic_limit interface outside
You might want to watch out for the following changes in values:
HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-cmap)#     policy-map tunnel_traffic_limitHTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap)#      class Tunnel_Policy1HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap-c)#       police output 4096000HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap-c)#HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap-c)#     policy-map tunnel_traffic_limitHTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap)#      class Tunnel_Policy2HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap-c)#       police output 5734400WARNING: police rate 5734400 not supported. Rate is changed to 5734000
HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap-c)#HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config)#     policy-map tunnel_traffic_limitHTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap)#      class Tunnel_Policy3HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap-c)#       police output 2457600WARNING: police rate 2457600 not supported. Rate is changed to 2457500HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap-c)#HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap-c)#     policy-map tunnel_traffic_limitHTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap)#      class Tunnel_Policy4HTTS-SEC-R2-7-ASA5510-02(config-pmap-c)#       police output 4915200WARNING: police rate 4915200 not supported. Rate is changed to 4915000I believe this is because of the software granularity and the way IOS rounds it off in multiples of a certain value, so watch out for the exact values you might get finally. I used this website to calculate your Kilobyte values to Bits: http://www.matisse.net/bitcalc/
The Final outputs of the configured values were :
    Class-map: Tunnel_Policy1      Output police Interface outside:        cir 4096000 bps, bc 128000 bytes        conformed 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions: transmit        exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions: drop        conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps     Class-map: Tunnel_Policy2      Output police Interface outside:        cir 5734000 bps, bc 179187 bytes        conformed 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions: transmit        exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions: drop        conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps    Class-map: Tunnel_Policy3      Output police Interface outside:        cir 2457500 bps, bc 76796 bytes        conformed 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions: transmit        exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions: drop        conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps    Class-map: Tunnel_Policy4      Output police Interface outside:        cir 4915000 bps, bc 153593 bytes        conformed 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions: transmit        exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions: drop        conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps
Please refer to the QOS document on CCO here for further information: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/security/asa/asa84/configuration/guide/conns_qos.html
Hope that helps..

Cisco router 877M capability to use Unified Communications technology?

Hi all,
Can Cisco router 877M have the features or capability to use VOIP or Unified Communications technology?
Cheers,

Hi Tai,
You may want to take a look at the 2800 series routers. There are bundles to support the number of users you currently have.
If you were to install a 2800 series at your headquarters your remote sites could VPN to headquarters and receive their phone service from headquarters.
Doing this will eliminate any toll charges for calls between the offices.
There is the need to maintain connections to the PSTN in case you lose your WAN connection you will maintain telephony services utilizing the PSTN.
At your remote sites you may want to consider the 880 series routers which have a provision for Survivable remote site telephony (SRST).
This feature allows the router at the remote site to maintain call management if the remote site loses the WAN connection to headquarters.
These calls would then be automatically routed through the PSTN until the WAN connection is restored.
The savings from eliminating charges for calls between your sites may justify the purchase of the new technology.
I would suggest you do a cost study to see how much you spend monthly on calls between the offices.
Hope this helps.
Mark

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Got a question about Java Plug-in technology? Submit your questions from February 12 through February 16 on the Ask the Experts page (http://java.sun.com/developer/community/askxprt/) and get answers from key members of the Java SE Deployment Team.

Thank You :)
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This is a reminder that there will be an Ask the Experts session during the week of Jan. 21-25. Here's your chance to post questions about developing or deploying Java SE applications in the Solaris Operating System and get answers from engineers at Sun Microsystems who have lots of experience with the intersection of Java SE and Solaris. You can post your questions on the Sun Developer Network: Ask the Experts page (http://java.sun.com/developer/community/askxprt/) starting January 21.

Hi edort,
Thanks for the information
MJ

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This is a reminder that three key members of the Java SE Deployment Team at Sun will be on hand from February 12-16 to answer your Java Plug-In Technology questions. Submit your questions next week on the Ask the Experts page (http://java.sun.com/developer/community/askxprt/).

Java Plug-in technology, included as part of the Java
Runtime Environment, Standard Edition (Java SE),
establishes a connection between popular browsers and
the Java platform. This connection enables applets on
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Got a question about Java Plug-in technology? Submit
your questions from February 12 through February 16
and get answers from key members of the Java SE
Deployment Team.It's just two days since i read an article on developers who write Java Plug-in's for browsers.I just can't remember where!

Ask the Experts session on Swing (October 16-20)

Got a question about building graphical interfaces using Swing? Post your questions on the Ask the Experts page (http://java.sun.com/developer/community/askxprt/) during the week of October 16 and get answers online from key technical representatives of the Swing, Java 2D, and AWT teams at Sun Microsystems.

Did you need to post this 27 times?He's a chronic cross-poster.
http://java.sun.com/features/authors.html
Ed Ort is a writer on the staff of the Sun Developer Network. He writes technical articles that appear on java.sun.com and developers.sun.com. After a long career at IBM, where he focused on relational database technologies and programming languages, Ed came to Sun and turned his attention exclusively to Java technology. Besides writing, Ed also manages the SDN chat program, and the newsletters: Core Java Technologies Tech Tips and Enterprise Java Technologies Tech Tips. When he's not writing, running chats, or handling newsletters, Ed is usually hiking or jogging in the mountains that surround Las Vegas, Nevada.

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Got a question about AJAX support in the Java Platform? Post it on the Ask the Experts page (http://java.sun.com/developer/community/askxprt/) during the week of June 19 and get answers from Sun experts Greg Murray, Mark Basler, and Carla Mott.

Perhaps this explains why Sun removed the crossposting ban from the site "Terms of Use"?

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Perhaps this explains why Sun removed the crossposting ban from the site "Terms of Use"?

Ask the Experts on GlassFish V2 (September 17-21)

GlassFish V2 (https://glassfish.dev.java.net/) builds on the quality and feature richness of the initial GlassFish application server implementation, GlassFish V1, to provide higher value-add features for the enterprise. Got a question about GlassFish V2? Post it during the week of September 17 on the Ask the Experts page (http://java.sun.com/developer/community/askxprt/) and get answers from GlassFish experts Eduardo Pelegri-Llopart, John Clingan, Sridatta Viswanath, Scott Oaks, and Dhiru Pandey.

Thanks for the info!!!

Ask the Experts Session on Project GlassFish (Nov. 14-18)

Got a question about Project GlassFish (https://glassfish.dev.java.net/), Sun's Open Source Application Server and implementation of Java EE 5? Get answers during this Ask the Experts session.
You can post a question about Project GlassFish on the Ask the Experts page (http://java.sun.com/developer/community/askxprt/index.html) during the week of November 14 and get answers from Project GlassFish Manager, Jim Driscoll, and Project GlassFish Community Leads, Carla Mott and Amy Roh .

Thanks for the info!!!

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