Bind variables in static pl/sql

Hi everyone.
Does this function will works faster than function below w/o binding? (I mean if it called very often, and execution plan is in cache)
FUNCTION get_amployee_name (empid INTEGER, empcity VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
    TYPE GenericCursor IS REF CURSOR;
    c1 GenericCursor;
    empname VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
    OPEN c1 FOR SELECT ename FROM employees WHERE id = :id AND city = :city USING empid, empcity;
        FETCH c1 INTO empname;
    CLOSE c1;
    RETURN empname;
END;
FUNCTION get_amployee_name (empid INTEGER, empcity VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
    empname VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
    SELECT ename into empname FROM employees WHERE id = empid AND city = empcity;
    RETURN empname;
END;I have tried to find any info related to pl/sql query execution steps, but can not. Does optimizer uses real pl/sql variables values for generating exec. plan? Or it will be generated only once when function executed first time?

Hi,
It is always better to test yourself. Using bind variable is always a good practice and optimizer avoids hard parsing (soft parsing will be done here) if bind variables are used.
So yes, if this function is being executed several times frequently then second execution onwards it may run faster.
If you want to see actually what is happening behind it, trace it (using tkprof) and see the result.
See the below link to know more about SQL TRACE and tkprof.
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e16638/sqltrace.htm#PFGRF01020
Regards,
Avinash
Edited by: Avinash Tripathi on Nov 16, 2010 11:46 PM

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Hi,
It is always better to test yourself. Using bind variable is always a good practice and optimizer avoids hard parsing (soft parsing will be done here) if bind variables are used.
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If you want to see actually what is happening behind it, trace it (using tkprof) and see the result.
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http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e16638/sqltrace.htm#PFGRF01020
Regards,
Avinash
Edited by: Avinash Tripathi on Nov 16, 2010 11:46 PM

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976208 wrote:
How to use v_date and m_id as bind variables in this procedure to avoid hard parsing.
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hi,
I have learnt that when we pass parameter to proc/func. those parameters are auto. treated as bind variables...
but what if I have a simple proc. which does not accept any argumets nor it returns anything just a batch job type for e.g to send emails.. then how will the variables declared in that proc treated as bind variables or not?
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976208 wrote:
How to use v_date and m_id as bind variables in this procedure to avoid hard parsing.
You cannot avoid hard parsing - as the 1st time a SQL statement (like the SELECT or DELETE statements in your code) is encountered, it does not reside in the server's Shared Pool, and needs to be added into the pool via a hard parse.
Bind variables does not prevent hard parsing. Hard parsing happens when the SQL statement (with or without bind variables) is a brand new statement encountered by the server.
Bind variables enables the same SQL cursor to be reused, by simply changing the bind variable value.
Not using bind variables means that each SQL statement is unique and not shareable - as the value is hardcoded into the statement and cannot be changed via a bind value. This typically means LOTS of different SQL statements (where the only difference is the changed value in the statement) are created - with each statement being a new statement not seen before in the Shared Pool and needing to be hard parsed.
One does not design one's code not to be hard parsed. There ALWAYS will be a hard parse in order to get a SQL statement into the Shared Pool. One designs one's code to REUSE cursors in the Shared Pool.

Bind variables in static pl/sql

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