Boot Failed, Single User FSCK couldn't load, mounting Macintosh HD failed, repair and verify returns no errors, and i need to transfer my data before starting over - HELP!!!!

Lets break down the facts here: My machine is an Intel-Based iMac running Mavericks - 1TB Hitachi Hard Drive
1. Was running an initial baseline image with Time Machine when the computer froze - waited hours - nothing got better and no functions were possible (force quit, etc.)
2. Hard Reboot
3. Upon reboot, the iMac was unable to load the log-in screen. The image was a folder with a "?" on it.
4. Rebooted with option key held down and selected Macintosh HD - Boot Failed
5. Restarted and Rebooted with Command R held down
6. Ran Disk Verify and Disk Repair - returned errors round one.
7. Ran Disk Verify and Disk Repair - Returned no Errors
8. Restart - Boot failed - the "NO" symbol replaced the apple symbol
9. Reboot with Command R
10. Attempt to mount Macintosh HD
11. Mount Failed.
12. Shutdown
13. Connect Firwire to Host computer and Target Computer
14. Boot with Command T
15. TDM entered - Host Machine cannot read Target Hard Drive
16. Shutdown
17. Boot with Command S
18. Endless loop created - Multiple errors including:
     - failed to open create the journal retval 0
     - could not read 512 bytes for the journal header - Return 22
     - Errorno 19
     - hfs_mounterror return: 22
Short of springing for a software online, I have no idea what the next steps are to getting my data moved from the Macintosh HD to my external so I can just reformat and install the OS again. Any help would be greatly appreciated, this is is a serious headache and I cannot lose my data - Thats what I was backing it up for in the first place!!!!

You may not have the luxury of having another Mac but you must know someone who does. You need to boot your Mac into target disk mode. This is going to be your best bet as far as saving your files. Keep in mind that everytime you mess with this computer you are further endangering your data. Also, once your Mac is booted as a target disk, it may be possible to mount it on a windoze computer just to copy your files to another drive. I used to have one here and if i still did I would try this for you but I "offed" it in favor on running windoze (Parallels) on my MBP. But, one way or another, you need to get next to another computer.

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