Character Encoding in Input Processor

hi,
I am running Portal 4.0. I am using the <portlet:form> tag to create a
formular. I send the data to an Input Processor. The IP grabs the parameter
with request.getParameter("xyz"). Inside the IP the character encoding does
not work. I need support for the german "umlaute". Theses characters are not
displayed properly. Hoc can I set the character encoding inside of the IP?
Regards
Michael

on the form processing page, you probably need to call request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8") (or whatever encoding you're using) before reading any values.
Reply #14 of this post has some test page with Chinese which should work as is...
http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?forumID=513&threadID=546863

Similar Messages

Character encoding form input

Hi
          Using WebLogic 6.1.
          I have a JSP containing a HTML form with some input fields. The user
          should be able to edit non-ASCII characters input fields. If he does
          that now, I will retrieve some kind for encoding of the non-ASCII
          characters when I use request.getParameter("..."); on the server.
          I want to use UTF-8 all the way from client to the
          request.getParameter("..."); call. What do I do?
          I have setup the following:
          <% response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8"); %> in my JSP.
          <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> in
          the head in my JSP.
          <input-charset>
          <resource-path>*</resource-path>
          <java-charset-name>UTF-8</java-charset-name>
          </input-charset>
          in my weblogic.xml.
          Why do I not se the correct characters when using
          request.getParameter("...");
          Kind Regards


Try this one:
          <input-charset>
          <resource-path>/*</resource-path>
          <java-charset-name>UTF-8</java-charset-name>
          </input-charset>

Using Direct Input mode: UTF-8 character encoding assumed

When I validate a web page in dreamweaver CS5 (using Jeffrey Zeldman's Web Standards Advisor ) I receive the following warning; Using Direct Input mode: UTF-8 character encoding assumed.
However if I validate using W3C either as a file upload or via the live site the page validates correctly.
Can anybody please help, as it is driving me insane.

Hi John
Thank you for your swift response,
As I said before this only happens locally within Dreamweaver CS5.
However The web address is www.countryimage.co.uk/index.htm
As you will see from the code I have included <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> within the head

XML parser not detecting character encoding

Hi,
I am using Jdeveloper 9.0.5 preview and the same problem is happening in our production AS 9.0.2 release.
The character encoding of an xml document is not correctly being detected by the oracle v2 parser even though the xml declaration correctly contains
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
instead it treats the document as UTF8 encoding which is fine until a document comes along with an extended character which then causes a
java.io.UTFDataFormatException: Invalid UTF8 encoding.
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLUTF8Reader.checkUTF8Byte(XMLUTF8Reader.java:160)
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLUTF8Reader.readUTF8Char(XMLUTF8Reader.java:187)
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLUTF8Reader.fillBuffer(XMLUTF8Reader.java:120)
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLByteReader.saveBuffer(XMLByteReader.java:448)
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLReader.fillBuffer(XMLReader.java:2023)
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLReader.tryRead(XMLReader.java:972)
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLReader.scanXMLDecl(XMLReader.java:2589)
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLReader.pushXMLReader(XMLReader.java:485)
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLReader.pushXMLReader(XMLReader.java:192)
at oracle.xml.parser.v2.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:144)
as you can see it is explicitly casting the XMLUTF8Reader to perform the read.
I can get around this by hard coding the xml input stream to be processed by a reader
XMLSource = new StreamSource(new InputStreamReader(XMLInStream,"ISO-8859-1"));
however the manual documents that the character encoding is automatically picked up from the xml file and casting into a reader is not necessary, so I should be able to write
XMLSource = new StreamSource(XMLInStream)
Does anyone else experience this same problem?
having to hardcode the encoding causes my software to lose flexibility.
Jarrod Sharp.

An XML document should be created with 'ISO-8859-1' encoding to be parsed as 'ISO-8859-1' encoding.

How can I tell what character encoding is sent from the browser?

Hi,
I am developing a servlet which supposed to be used to send and receive message
in multiple character set. However, I read from the previous postings that each
Weblogic Server can only support one input character encoding. Is that true?
And do you have any suggestions on how I can do what I want. For example, I
have a HTML form for people to post any comments (they may post in any characterset,
like ShiftJIS, Big5, Gb, etc). I need to know what character encoding they are
using before I can read that correctly in the servlet and save in the database.

From what I understand (I haven't used it yet) 6.1 supports the 2.3
servlet spec. That should have a method to set the encoding.
Otherwise, I don't think you can support multiple encodings in one
instance of WebLogic.
From what I know browsers don't give any indication at all about what
encoding they're using. I've read some chatter about the HTTP spec
being changed so it's always UTF-8, but that's a Some Day(TM) kind of
thing, so you're stuck with all the stuff out there now which doesn't do
everything in UTF-8.
Sorry for the bad news, but if it makes you feel any better I've felt
your pain. Oh, and trying to process multipart/form-data (file upload)
forms is even worse and from what I've seen the API that people talk
about on these newsgroups assumes everything is ISO-8859-1.
Emmy Lau wrote:
>
Hi,
I am developing a servlet which supposed to be used to send and receive message
in multiple character set. However, I read from the previous postings that each
Weblogic Server can only support one input character encoding. Is that true?
And do you have any suggestions on how I can do what I want. For example, I
have a HTML form for people to post any comments (they may post in any characterset,
like ShiftJIS, Big5, Gb, etc). I need to know what character encoding they are
using before I can read that correctly in the servlet and save in the database.

Wrong character encoding from flash to mysql

Hi, im experiencing problems with character encoding not
functioning correctly when sending from flash to mysql. What i am
doing is doing a contact form in flash which then sends the value
to a php file which takes the values and inserts them into a table.
As i'm using icelandic charecters i need the char encoding to be
either latin1 or utf8 in mysql, or at least i think so. But it
seems that flash or the php document isn't sending in the same
format as i have selected in mysql because all special icelandic
characters come scrambled in the mysql table. Firefox tells me
tough that the html document containing the flash movie is using
utf-8.

I don't know anything about Icelandic characters, but Flash
generally really likes UTF-8. So it should be sending that if that
is what it is starting with.
You aren't using any kind of useCodePage? That will mess it
up.
Are you sure that the input method is Icelandic?
In the testing environment can you list variables (from the
debug menu) and see if they look proper? If they do then Flash is
readying them correctly and the problem must be coming in further
down stream.

Character encoding conversion for marshall/unmarshall?

Hello, Java Web Services gurus,
I am wondering if there is an easy/plugin-able way to do character encoding conversion transparently in the process of marshall/unmarshall.
Basically, my input/output will always be these UTF-8 XMLs. As the backend database is ISO encoded, I hope the result of unmarshall will give me ISO strings. And when it comes to marshall, the ISO strings can be transparently turned to UTF-8 XML response. Right now I'm using JAXB's annotations to parse XML into objects.
I understand there will be chars in the input file not able to get converted, if so, I'd be be expecting an error/exception that flags the failure
Hope I sound clear. This has been a headache for a while. Really hope someone may help out a bit. Thanks a million in advance

[Duplicate Post|http://forums.sun.com/thread.jspa?messageID=10971554&tstart=0#10971554]

Character Encoding in XML

Hello All,
I am not clear about solving the problem.
We have a Java application on NT that is supposed to communicate with the same application on MVS mainframe through XML.
We have a character encoding for these XML commands we send for communication.
The problem is, on MVS the parser is not understaning the US-ASCII character encoding. And so we are getting the infamous "illegal character error".
The main frame file.encoding=CP1047 and
NT's file.encoding = us-ascii.
Is there any character encoding that is common to these two machines: mainframe and NT.
IF it is Unicode, what is the correct notation for it.
Or is there any way for specifying the parsers to which character encoding should be used.
thanks,
Sridhar

On the mainframe end maybe something like-
FileInputStream fris = new FileInputStream("C:\\whatever.xml");
InputStreamReader is= new InputStreamReader(fris, "ASCII");//or maybe "us-ascii" "US-ASCII"
BufferedReader brin = new BufferedReader(is);
Or give inputstream/buffered reader to whatever application you are using to parse the xml. The input stream reader should allow you to set your encoding even if the system doesnt have the native encoding. Depends though on which/whose jvm using you are using jdk1.2 at least supports following on this page http://as400bks.rochester.ibm.com/pubs/html/as400/v4r4/ic2924/info/java/rzaha/javaapi/intl/encoding.doc.html

Detecting character encoding from BLOB stream... (PLSQL)

I'am looking for a procedure/function which can return me the character encoding of a "text/xml/csv/slk" file stored in BLOB..
For example...
I have 4 files in different encodings (UTF8, Utf8BOM, ISO8859_2, Windows1252)...
With java I'can simply detect the character encoding with JuniversalCharDet (http://code.google.com/p/juniversalchardet/)...
thank you

Solved...
On my local PC I have installed Java 1.5.0_00 (because on DB is 1.5.0_10)...
With Jdeveloper I have recompiled source code from:
http://juniversalchardet.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/src/org/mozilla/universalchardet
http://code.google.com/p/juniversalchardet/
After that I have made a JAR file and uploaded it with loadjava to my database...
C:\>loadjava -grant r_inis_prod -force -schema insurance2 -verbose -thin -user username/password@ip:port:sid chardet.jarAfter that I have done a java procedure and PLSQL wrapper example below:
   public static String verifyEncoding(BLOB p_blob) {
       if (p_blob == null) return "-1";
       try
        InputStream is = new BufferedInputStream(p_blob.getBinaryStream());
        UniversalDetector detector = new UniversalDetector(null);
        byte[] buf = new byte[p_blob.getChunkSize()];
        int nread;
        while ((nread = is.read(buf)) > 0 && !detector.isDone()) {
            detector.handleData(buf, 0, nread);
        detector.dataEnd();
        is.close();
       return detector.getDetectedCharset();
       catch(Exception ex) {
           return "-2";
   }as you can see I used -2 for exception and -1 if input blob is null.
then i have made a PLSQL procedure:
function f_preveri_encoding(p_blob in blob) return varchar2 is
language Java name 'Zip.Zip.verifyEncoding(oracle.sql.BLOB) return java.lang.String';After that I have uploaded 2 different txt files in my blob field.. (first one is encoded with UTF-8, second one with WINDOWS-1252)..
example how to call:
declare
   l_blob blob;
   l_encoding varchar2(100);
begin
select vsebina into l_blob from dok_vsebina_dokumenta_blob where id = 401587359 ;
l_encoding := zip_util.f_preveri_encoding(l_blob);
if l_encoding = 'UTF-8' then
   dbms_output.put_line('file is encoded with UTF-8');
elsif l_encoding = 'WINDOWS-1252' then
   dbms_output.put_line('file is encoded with WINDOWS-1252');
else
    dbms_output.put_line('other enc...');
end if;
end;Now I can get encoding from blob and convert it to database encoding and store datas in CLOB field..
Here you have a chardet.jar file if you need this functionality..
https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B6Z9wNTXyUEeVEk3VGh2cDRYTzg
Edited by: peterv6i.blogspot.com on Nov 29, 2012 1:34 PM
Edited by: peterv6i.blogspot.com on Nov 29, 2012 1:34 PM
Edited by: peterv6i.blogspot.com on Nov 29, 2012 1:38 PM

Problems with Forms and character encoding

I'm having problems trying to read unicode data inputted into a Form on my JSP page.
I've used the meta tag <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> to set the charset of the page to UTF-8. I've inputted some chinese characters inot my form and when I try to read the subsequent request parameter in my servlet using request.getParameter() the string returned is this
"来源" which is the escape sequence required by HTML to display these characters.
From what I've read on the subject this doesn't seem like the expected value. I've tried other ways of getting the correct string value such as setting the character encoding request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8") and then converting the bytes using this encoding value but it doesn't seem to work.
I could write a method to split up the string using the ; as a token and working out the correct unicode character but this doesn't seem like the right thing to do.
Any help on how to pass the correct information from the Form in the JSP page to the servlet would be greatly appreciated

I don't believe that is correct, but if it's returning HTML escapes instead of URL Encoded characters, then it's the browser doing it. This is my test page for playing with Chinese...
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" background="" text="#000000" link="#ff0000" vlink="#800000" alink="#ff00ff">
<%
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String str = "\u7528\u6237\u540d";
String name = request.getParameter("name");
%>
req enc: <%= request.getCharacterEncoding() %><br />
rsp enc: <%= response.getCharacterEncoding() %><br />
str: <%= str %><br />
name: <%= name %><br />
<form method="GET" action="_lang.jsp" encoding="UTF-8">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" value="" >
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="GET Submit" />
</form>
<form method="POST" action="_lang.jsp" encoding="UTF-8">
Name: <input type="text" name="name" value="" >
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="POST Submit" />
</form>
</body>
</html>

What character encoding standard does tuxedo use

Hi,
I am trying to resolve a problem with communication between Tuxedo 6.4 and Vitria.
It seems that there is a problem with the translation of special characters. Does
anyone know what encoding standard that Tuxedo uses?
Thanks.

Thanks Scott, actually I was asked the following question by Vitria Technical Support,
can you help?
"XDR (External Data Representation) is a protocol used by BEA Tuxedo's
communication engine. XDR handles data format transformations when passing
messages across dissimilar processor architectures.
This is not the equivalent of Character Encoding. I specifically need the
Character Encoding used. I am not sure where your admin needs to check for
this - it might even be set at the OS level. I suspect that it will be
something like ISO-8859-1 or some derivative."
Thanks.
Scott Orshan <[email protected]> wrote:
Within a machine, TUXEDO just sends the bytes that you give it. When
it
goes between machines, it uses XDR to encode the data values for
transmission. There is no character set translation going on, unless
you
are going to an EBCDIC machine. (If you are using data encryption
[tpseal] in TUXEDO 7.1 or 8.0 your data may be encoded even if it stays
on the same machine type.)
Scott Orshan
BEA Systems
Richard Astill wrote:
Hi,
I am trying to resolve a problem with communication between Tuxedo6.4 and Vitria.
It seems that there is a problem with the translation of special characters.Does
anyone know what encoding standard that Tuxedo uses?
Thanks.

What every developer should know about character encoding

This was originally posted (with better formatting) at Moderator edit: link removed/what-every-developer-should-know-about-character-encoding.html. I'm posting because lots of people trip over this.
If you write code that touches a text file, you probably need this.
Lets start off with two key items
1.Unicode does not solve this issue for us (yet).
2.Every text file is encoded. There is no such thing as an unencoded file or a "general" encoding.
And lets add a codacil to this – most Americans can get by without having to take this in to account – most of the time. Because the characters for the first 127 bytes in the vast majority of encoding schemes map to the same set of characters (more accurately called glyphs). And because we only use A-Z without any other characters, accents, etc. – we're good to go. But the second you use those same assumptions in an HTML or XML file that has characters outside the first 127 – then the trouble starts.
The computer industry started with diskspace and memory at a premium. Anyone who suggested using 2 bytes for each character instead of one would have been laughed at. In fact we're lucky that the byte worked best as 8 bits or we might have had fewer than 256 bits for each character. There of course were numerous charactersets (or codepages) developed early on. But we ended up with most everyone using a standard set of codepages where the first 127 bytes were identical on all and the second were unique to each set. There were sets for America/Western Europe, Central Europe, Russia, etc.
And then for Asia, because 256 characters were not enough, some of the range 128 – 255 had what was called DBCS (double byte character sets). For each value of a first byte (in these higher ranges), the second byte then identified one of 256 characters. This gave a total of 128 * 256 additional characters. It was a hack, but it kept memory use to a minimum. Chinese, Japanese, and Korean each have their own DBCS codepage.
And for awhile this worked well. Operating systems, applications, etc. mostly were set to use a specified code page. But then the internet came along. A website in America using an XML file from Greece to display data to a user browsing in Russia, where each is entering data based on their country – that broke the paradigm.
Fast forward to today. The two file formats where we can explain this the best, and where everyone trips over it, is HTML and XML. Every HTML and XML file can optionally have the character encoding set in it's header metadata. If it's not set, then most programs assume it is UTF-8, but that is not a standard and not universally followed. If the encoding is not specified and the program reading the file guess wrong – the file will be misread.
Point 1 – Never treat specifying the encoding as optional when writing a file. Always write it to the file. Always. Even if you are willing to swear that the file will never have characters out of the range 1 – 127.
Now lets' look at UTF-8 because as the standard and the way it works, it gets people into a lot of trouble. UTF-8 was popular for two reasons. First it matched the standard codepages for the first 127 characters and so most existing HTML and XML would match it. Second, it was designed to use as few bytes as possible which mattered a lot back when it was designed and many people were still using dial-up modems.
UTF-8 borrowed from the DBCS designs from the Asian codepages. The first 128 bytes are all single byte representations of characters. Then for the next most common set, it uses a block in the second 128 bytes to be a double byte sequence giving us more characters. But wait, there's more. For the less common there's a first byte which leads to a sersies of second bytes. Those then each lead to a third byte and those three bytes define the character. This goes up to 6 byte sequences. Using the MBCS (multi-byte character set) you can write the equivilent of every unicode character. And assuming what you are writing is not a list of seldom used Chinese characters, do it in fewer bytes.
But here is what everyone trips over – they have an HTML or XML file, it works fine, and they open it up in a text editor. They then add a character that in their text editor, using the codepage for their region, insert a character like ß and save the file. Of course it must be correct – their text editor shows it correctly. But feed it to any program that reads according to the encoding and that is now the first character fo a 2 byte sequence. You either get a different character or if the second byte is not a legal value for that first byte – an error.
Point 2 – Always create HTML and XML in a program that writes it out correctly using the encode. If you must create with a text editor, then view the final file in a browser.
Now, what about when the code you are writing will read or write a file? We are not talking binary/data files where you write it out in your own format, but files that are considered text files. Java, .NET, etc all have character encoders. The purpose of these encoders is to translate between a sequence of bytes (the file) and the characters they represent. Lets take what is actually a very difficlut example – your source code, be it C#, Java, etc. These are still by and large "plain old text files" with no encoding hints. So how do programs handle them? Many assume they use the local code page. Many others assume that all characters will be in the range 0 – 127 and will choke on anything else.
Here's a key point about these text files – every program is still using an encoding. It may not be setting it in code, but by definition an encoding is being used.
Point 3 – Always set the encoding when you read and write text files. Not just for HTML & XML, but even for files like source code. It's fine if you set it to use the default codepage, but set the encoding.
Point 4 – Use the most complete encoder possible. You can write your own XML as a text file encoded for UTF-8. But if you write it using an XML encoder, then it will include the encoding in the meta data and you can't get it wrong. (it also adds the endian preamble to the file.)
Ok, you're reading & writing files correctly but what about inside your code. What there? This is where it's easy – unicode. That's what those encoders created in the Java & .NET runtime are designed to do. You read in and get unicode. You write unicode and get an encoded file. That's why the char type is 16 bits and is a unique core type that is for characters. This you probably have right because languages today don't give you much choice in the matter.
Point 5 – (For developers on languages that have been around awhile) – Always use unicode internally. In C++ this is called wide chars (or something similar). Don't get clever to save a couple of bytes, memory is cheap and you have more important things to do.
Wrapping it up
I think there are two key items to keep in mind here. First, make sure you are taking the encoding in to account on text files. Second, this is actually all very easy and straightforward. People rarely screw up how to use an encoding, it's when they ignore the issue that they get in to trouble.
Edited by: Darryl Burke -- link removed

DavidThi808 wrote:
This was originally posted (with better formatting) at Moderator edit: link removed/what-every-developer-should-know-about-character-encoding.html. I'm posting because lots of people trip over this.
If you write code that touches a text file, you probably need this.
Lets start off with two key items
1.Unicode does not solve this issue for us (yet).
2.Every text file is encoded. There is no such thing as an unencoded file or a "general" encoding.
And lets add a codacil to this – most Americans can get by without having to take this in to account – most of the time. Because the characters for the first 127 bytes in the vast majority of encoding schemes map to the same set of characters (more accurately called glyphs). And because we only use A-Z without any other characters, accents, etc. – we're good to go. But the second you use those same assumptions in an HTML or XML file that has characters outside the first 127 – then the trouble starts. Pretty sure most Americans do not use character sets that only have a range of 0-127. I don't think I have every used a desktop OS that did. I might have used some big iron boxes before that but at that time I wasn't even aware that character sets existed.
They might only use that range but that is a different issue, especially since that range is exactly the same as the UTF8 character set anyways.
>
The computer industry started with diskspace and memory at a premium. Anyone who suggested using 2 bytes for each character instead of one would have been laughed at. In fact we're lucky that the byte worked best as 8 bits or we might have had fewer than 256 bits for each character. There of course were numerous charactersets (or codepages) developed early on. But we ended up with most everyone using a standard set of codepages where the first 127 bytes were identical on all and the second were unique to each set. There were sets for America/Western Europe, Central Europe, Russia, etc.
And then for Asia, because 256 characters were not enough, some of the range 128 – 255 had what was called DBCS (double byte character sets). For each value of a first byte (in these higher ranges), the second byte then identified one of 256 characters. This gave a total of 128 * 256 additional characters. It was a hack, but it kept memory use to a minimum. Chinese, Japanese, and Korean each have their own DBCS codepage.
And for awhile this worked well. Operating systems, applications, etc. mostly were set to use a specified code page. But then the internet came along. A website in America using an XML file from Greece to display data to a user browsing in Russia, where each is entering data based on their country – that broke the paradigm.
The above is only true for small volume sets. If I am targeting a processing rate of 2000 txns/sec with a requirement to hold data active for seven years then a column with a size of 8 bytes is significantly different than one with 16 bytes.
Fast forward to today. The two file formats where we can explain this the best, and where everyone trips over it, is HTML and XML. Every HTML and XML file can optionally have the character encoding set in it's header metadata. If it's not set, then most programs assume it is UTF-8, but that is not a standard and not universally followed. If the encoding is not specified and the program reading the file guess wrong – the file will be misread.
The above is out of place. It would be best to address this as part of Point 1.
Point 1 – Never treat specifying the encoding as optional when writing a file. Always write it to the file. Always. Even if you are willing to swear that the file will never have characters out of the range 1 – 127.
Now lets' look at UTF-8 because as the standard and the way it works, it gets people into a lot of trouble. UTF-8 was popular for two reasons. First it matched the standard codepages for the first 127 characters and so most existing HTML and XML would match it. Second, it was designed to use as few bytes as possible which mattered a lot back when it was designed and many people were still using dial-up modems.
UTF-8 borrowed from the DBCS designs from the Asian codepages. The first 128 bytes are all single byte representations of characters. Then for the next most common set, it uses a block in the second 128 bytes to be a double byte sequence giving us more characters. But wait, there's more. For the less common there's a first byte which leads to a sersies of second bytes. Those then each lead to a third byte and those three bytes define the character. This goes up to 6 byte sequences. Using the MBCS (multi-byte character set) you can write the equivilent of every unicode character. And assuming what you are writing is not a list of seldom used Chinese characters, do it in fewer bytes.
The first part of that paragraph is odd. The first 128 characters of unicode, all unicode, is based on ASCII. The representational format of UTF8 is required to implement unicode, thus it must represent those characters. It uses the idiom supported by variable width encodings to do that.
But here is what everyone trips over – they have an HTML or XML file, it works fine, and they open it up in a text editor. They then add a character that in their text editor, using the codepage for their region, insert a character like ß and save the file. Of course it must be correct – their text editor shows it correctly. But feed it to any program that reads according to the encoding and that is now the first character fo a 2 byte sequence. You either get a different character or if the second byte is not a legal value for that first byte – an error.
Not sure what you are saying here. If a file is supposed to be in one encoding and you insert invalid characters into it then it invalid. End of story. It has nothing to do with html/xml.
Point 2 – Always create HTML and XML in a program that writes it out correctly using the encode. If you must create with a text editor, then view the final file in a browser.
The browser still needs to support the encoding.
Now, what about when the code you are writing will read or write a file? We are not talking binary/data files where you write it out in your own format, but files that are considered text files. Java, .NET, etc all have character encoders. The purpose of these encoders is to translate between a sequence of bytes (the file) and the characters they represent. Lets take what is actually a very difficlut example – your source code, be it C#, Java, etc. These are still by and large "plain old text files" with no encoding hints. So how do programs handle them? Many assume they use the local code page. Many others assume that all characters will be in the range 0 – 127 and will choke on anything else.
I know java files have a default encoding - the specification defines it. And I am certain C# does as well.
Point 3 – Always set the encoding when you read and write text files. Not just for HTML & XML, but even for files like source code. It's fine if you set it to use the default codepage, but set the encoding.
It is important to define it. Whether you set it is another matter.
Point 4 – Use the most complete encoder possible. You can write your own XML as a text file encoded for UTF-8. But if you write it using an XML encoder, then it will include the encoding in the meta data and you can't get it wrong. (it also adds the endian preamble to the file.)
Ok, you're reading & writing files correctly but what about inside your code. What there? This is where it's easy – unicode. That's what those encoders created in the Java & .NET runtime are designed to do. You read in and get unicode. You write unicode and get an encoded file. That's why the char type is 16 bits and is a unique core type that is for characters. This you probably have right because languages today don't give you much choice in the matter.
Unicode character escapes are replaced prior to actual code compilation. Thus it is possible to create strings in java with escaped unicode characters which will fail to compile.
Point 5 – (For developers on languages that have been around awhile) – Always use unicode internally. In C++ this is called wide chars (or something similar). Don't get clever to save a couple of bytes, memory is cheap and you have more important things to do.
No. A developer should understand the problem domain represented by the requirements and the business and create solutions that appropriate to that. Thus there is absolutely no point for someone that is creating an inventory system for a stand alone store to craft a solution that supports multiple languages.
And another example is with high volume systems moving/storing bytes is relevant. As such one must carefully consider each text element as to whether it is customer consumable or internally consumable. Saving bytes in such cases will impact the total load of the system. In such systems incremental savings impact operating costs and marketing advantage with speed.

XML Character Encoding Using UTL_DBWS

Hi,
I have a database with WINDOWS-1252 character encoding. I'm using UTL_DBWS to call a web service method which echoes a given string. For this purpose, I do the following:
DECLARE
    v_wsdl CONSTANT VARCHAR2(500) := 'http://myhost/myservice?wsdl';
    v_namespace CONSTANT VARCHAR2(500) := 'my.namespace';
    v_service_name CONSTANT UTL_DBWS.QNAME := UTL_DBWS.to_qname(v_namespace, 'MyService');
    v_service_port CONSTANT UTL_DBWS.QNAME := UTL_DBWS.to_qname(v_namespace, 'MySoapServicePort');
    v_ping CONSTANT UTL_DBWS.QNAME := UTL_DBWS.to_qname(v_namespace, 'ping');
    v_wsdl_uri CONSTANT URITYPE := URIFACTORY.getURI(v_wsdl);
    v_str_request CONSTANT VARCHAR2(4000) :=
'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<ping>
    <pingRequest>
        <echoData>Dev Team üöäß</echoData>
    </pingRequest>
</ping>';
    v_service UTL_DBWS.SERVICE;
    v_call UTL_DBWS.CALL;
    v_request XMLTYPE := XMLTYPE (v_str_request);
    v_response SYS.XMLTYPE;
BEGIN
    DBMS_JAVA.set_output(20000);
    UTL_DBWS.set_logger_level('FINE');
    v_service := UTL_DBWS.create_service(v_wsdl_uri, v_service_name);
    v_call := UTL_DBWS.create_call(v_service, v_service_port, v_ping);
    UTL_DBWS.set_property(v_call, 'oracle.webservices.charsetEncoding', 'UTF-8');
    v_response := UTL_DBWS.invoke(v_call, v_request);
    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(v_response.getStringVal());
    UTL_DBWS.release_call(v_call);
    UTL_DBWS.release_all_services;
END;
/Here is the SERVER OUTPUT:
ServiceFacotory: oracle.j2ee.ws.client.ServiceFactoryImpl@a9deba8d
WSDL: http://myhost/myservice?wsdl
Service: oracle.j2ee.ws.client.dii.ConfiguredService@c881d39e
*** Created service: -2121202561 - oracle.jpub.runtime.dbws.DbwsProxy$ServiceProxy@afb58220 ***
ServiceProxy.get(-2121202561) = oracle.jpub.runtime.dbws.DbwsProxy$ServiceProxy@afb58220
Collection Call info: port={my.namespace}MySoapServicePort, operation={my.namespace}ping, returnType={my.namespace}PingResponse, params count=1
setProperty(oracle.webservices.charsetEncoding, UTF-8)
dbwsproxy.add.map: ns, my.namespace
Attribute 0: my.namespace: xmlns:ns, my.namespace
dbwsproxy.lookup.map: ns, my.namespace
createElement(ns:ping,null,my.namespace)
dbwsproxy.add.soap.element.namespace: ns, my.namespace
Attribute 0: my.namespace: xmlns:ns, my.namespace
dbwsproxy.element.node.child.3: 1, null
createElement(echoData,null,null)
dbwsproxy.text.node.child.0: 3, Dev Team üöäß
request:
<ns:ping xmlns:ns="my.namespace">
   <pingRequest>
      <echoData>Dev Team Ã¼Ã¶Ã¤ÃŸ</echoData>
   </pingRequest>
</ns:ping>
Jul 8, 2008 6:58:49 PM oracle.j2ee.ws.client.StreamingSender _sendImpl
FINE: StreamingSender.response:<?xml version = '1.0' encoding = 'UTF-8'?>
<env:Envelope xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><env:Header/><env:Body><ns0:pingResponse xmlns:ns0="my.namespace"><pingResponse><responseTimeMillis>0</responseTimeMillis><resultCode>0</resultCode><echoData>Dev Team Ã¼Ã¶Ã¤ÃŸ</echoData></pingResponse></ns0:pingResponse></env:Body></env:Envelope>
response:
<ns0:pingResponse xmlns:ns0="my.namespace">
   <pingResponse>
      <responseTimeMillis>0</responseTimeMillis>
      <resultCode>0</resultCode>
      <echoData>Dev Team Ã¼Ã¶Ã¤ÃŸ</echoData>
   </pingResponse>
</ns0:pingResponse>As you can see the character encoding is broken in the request and in the response, i.e. the SOAP encoder does not take into consideration the UTF-8 encoding.
I tracked down the problem to the method oracle.jpub.runtime.dbws.DbwsProxy.dom2SOAP(org.w3c.dom.Node, java.util.Hashtable); and more specifically to the calls of oracle.j2ee.ws.saaj.soap.soap11.SOAPFactory11.
My question is: is there a way to make the SOAP encoder use the correct character encoding?
Thanks a lot in advance!
Greetings,
Dimitar

I found a workaround of the problem:
    v_response := XMLType(v_response.getBlobVal(NLS_CHARSET_ID('CHAR_CS')), NLS_CHARSET_ID('AL32UTF8'));Ugly, but I'm tired of decompiling and debugging Java classes ;)
Greetings,
Dimitar

What's the difference of character encoding between 1.4.0and1.4.2 in Linux

As i find, the character encoding about chinese in jdk1.4.2 no langer the same of jdk1.4.0.
In jdk1.4.0, the character encoding used the "file.encoding" system property, we often set the
property with "gb2312".
But in jdk1.4.2, i find that the default character encoding no longer used the "file.encoding" system property.
Who knows the reason?
Test Program:
public class B{
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
byte [] bytes = new byte[]{(byte)0xD6,(byte)0xD0,(byte)0xCE,(byte)0xC4};
String s1 = new String(bytes);
String s2 = new String(bytes,System.getProperty("file.encoding"));
System.out.println("s1="+s1+" , s2="+s2);
System.out.println("s1.length=" + s1.length() + " , s2.length="+s2.length());
run four times and the result list:
[root@app15 component]# /usr/local/j2sdk1.4.0/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=ISO-8859-1 -cp . B
s1=中文 , s2=中文
s1.length=4 , s2.length=4
[root@app15 component]# /usr/local/j2sdk1.4.0/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=gb2312 -cp . B
s1=中文 , s2=中文
s1.length=2 , s2.length=2
[root@app15 component]# /usr/local/j2sdk1.4.2/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=ISO-8859-1 -cp . B
s1=中文 , s2=中文
s1.length=4 , s2.length=4
[root@app15 component]# /usr/local/j2sdk1.4.2/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=gb2312 -cp . B
s1=中文 , s2=??
s1.length=4 , s2.length=2
[root@app15 component]#

I don't know for sure, but:
-- The API documentation for String says that "new String(byte[])" uses "the platform's default charset".
-- The API documentation for Charset says "The default charset is determined during virtual-machine startup and typically depends upon the locale and charset being used by the underlying operating system."
You'll notice that it doesn't say anything about using the file.encoding system value, so presumably (based on your experiments) it doesn't. I did a search for "java default charset" and didn't find anything specific, but this site says "As of Java 1.4.1, the default Charset varies from platform to platform" and suggests you explicitly hard-code your charset. I would agree with that.

Why differing Character Encoding and how to fix it?

I have PRS-950 and PRS-350 readers, both since 2011.
In the last year, I've been getting books with Character Encoding that is not easy to read. In playing around with my browsers and View -> Encoding menus, I have figured out that it has something to do with the character encoding within the epub files.
I buy books from several ebook stores and I borrow from the library.
The problem may be the entire book, but it is usually restricted to a few chapters, with rare occasion where the encoding changes within a chapter. Usually it is for a whole chapter, not part, and it can be seen in chapters not consecutive to each other.
It occurs whether the book is downloaded directly to my 950 reader or if I load it to either reader from my computer(s), which are all Mac OS X of several versions fom 10.4 to Mountain Lion. SInce it happens when the book is downloaded directly, I figure the operating system of my computer is not relevant.
There are several publishers involved, though Baen (no DRM ebooks) has not so far been one of them.
If I look at the books with viewers on the computer, the encoding is the same. I've read them in Calibre, in the Sony Reader App, and in Adobe Digital Editions 2.0. It's always the same.
I believe the encoding is inherent to the files. I would like to fix this if I can to make the books I've purchased, many of them in paper and electronically, more enjoyable to read on my readers.
Example: Iâ€™ve is printed instead of I've.
â€™ for apostrophe
â€œ the opening of a quotation,
â€? for closing the quotation,
and I think â€” is for a hyphen.
When a sentence had â€œâ€™m for " 'm at the beginning of a speech (when the character was slurring his words) it took me a while to figure out how it was supposed to read.
â€œâ€™Sides, â€™tis only for a moon. That ainâ€™t long.â€?
was in one recent book.
Translation: " 'Sides, 'tis only for a moon. That ain't long."
See what I mean?
Any ideas?

Hi
I wonder if it’s possible to download a free ebook with such issue, in order to make some “tests”.
Perhaps it’s possible, on free ebooks (without DRM), to add fonts by using softwares like Sigil.

Character Encoding in Input Processor

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