Databases and web forums

I am just learning about databases. Can some one explain how and why a Web forum uses a database? I mean what exactly is a databases function when it comes to a web forum?

1) How does one store the information about the user?
2) How does one store the threads?
3) How does one search the threads?
A database could provide some benefits in all these cases, and more.
However, typical developers who have no background in databases might use files and create their own way of indexing the files. In other words, they might end up simulating that which a database already does well.

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